HUMAN RIGHTS LAW |. Nature and Definition of Human Rights Philippine Blooming Mills Employment Organization, et al, vs. Philippine Blooming Mills Co., Inc. G.R. No. L-31195. June 5, 1973 |. Status of Human Rights in the Philippines, Building a "human rights culture” Ill. Theories of Sources of Human Rights Jorge Coquia, Human Rights, pp.19-30 (2012) IV. Principles and characteristics of Human Rights a. Universality b. — Indivisibility ©, Interdependence Mejoff vs. Director of Prisons, 90 Phil 70 (1951) Universal Declaration of Human Rights V. Obligations of State a. Obligation to Respect b. Obligation to Protect ©. Obligation to fulfill Article 1 (3), UN Charter Articles 55, 56, UN Charter Article 2 (1) (2) (3) , International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Article I, Sec. 11, 1987 Constitution Stonehill vs Diokno, 20 SCRA 383 (1967) Oposa vs. Factoran, 224 SCRA 792 (1993) VI. Sources and Foundations of Human Rights a. Generally accepted principles of International Law Mejoff vs. Director of Prisons 90 Phil 70 (1951) Kuroda vs. Jalandoni, G.R. No. L-2662. March 26, 1949 Govt of Hongkong vs. Olalia. G.R. No. 153875. April 19, 2007 b. International Bill of Rights (Universal Declaration of Human Rights [UDHR], International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights [ICCPR}, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights [ ICESCR]) c. Treaties and other conventions d. 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines Preamble, Article Il and Article Ill Vil. Classification of Human Rightsa First Generation of Rights (Civil and Political Rights) Articles 1, 6-27 ICCPR Simon v. Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No. 1000150 a1 Rightto life Article 6 (1) , (2), (4), ICCPR Secs, 1 and 19 (1) Article Ill, 1987 Phil. Constitution. People of the Philippines vs. Leo Echegaray G.R. No. 117472. Feb. 7, 1997, Article ll, Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution a.2 Freedom against torture and inhuman prison conditions Articles 7, 10, ICCPR Article Ill, Sec. 19 (2), 1987 Phil. Constitution Article 1, Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel of Degrading Treatment or Punishment People vs. Galit, 185 SCRA 465 a3 Equality before the Law Art. 26, ICCPR Art. Ill, Sec.1, 1987 Constitution a4 — Right to liberty, freedom from arbitrary arrest Art. 8, 9, 11 ,ICCPR At IN, Se02, 12, 16.18, 1087 Constitution Rubi vs. Mindoro G.R. No. L-14078. March 7, 1919 Villavicencio v. Lukban, G.R. No. L-14639. March 25, 1919 Warrantless Arrests, Rule 113, Sec 5, Rules of Court Checkpoints- Valmonte vs. De Villa, 178 SCRA 211 (1989) ; see also Dissenting Opinions a5 Freedom against slavery Article 8, ICCPR Art. Ill, Sec. 18 (2), 1987 Constitution a6 Freedom of movement Article 12 (1), (2), (3), (4), ICCPR Art. Ill, Sec 6, 1987 Constitution Marcos vs. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211, Sept. 15, 1989 a7 — Rightto security Art 17, ICCPR Art. Ill, Sec. 2 and 3, Phil. Constitution Purpose and Importance of the guaranty ‘Aivero v. Dizon, 76 Phil. 637 (1948)as To Whom Directed People vs. Andre Marti, 193 SCRA 57 (1991) Zulueta vs. Court of Appeals, [G.R. No. 107383. February 20, 1996.] Who May Invoke the Right? Bache and Co,, vs. Ruiz, 37 SCRA 323 (1971) Stonehill v. Diokno, 20 SCRA 383 (1967) Objects of Seizure Rule 126, Sec. 3, Rules of Court (ROC) Warrantless searches Valid Waiver People vs. Omaweng, 213 SCRA 462 (1992) Lopez vs. Comm. of Customs, 68 SCRA 320 (1975) Veroy vs. Layague, 210 SCRA 97 (1992) Incident to lawful arrest Rule 126, Section 13, Rules of Court People v. Malmstedt, 198 SCRA 401 (1991) People vs. Libnao, et. al., G.R. No. 136860, January 20, 2003 Plain view doctrine Padilla v. CA, 269 SCRA 402 (1997) Procedural guarantees in civil and criminal trials Articles 9, 14, 15 ICCPR Article III, Sections 14-17, 1987 Phil. Constitution Presumption of Innocence Proof beyond reasonable doubt People vs. Dramayo, 42 SCRA 59 (1971) RIGHT TO BAIL Art. Ill, Sec. 13 Bail Defined Rule 114, Section 1, ROC Herras Teehankee vs. Rovira, 75 Phil. 634 (1945) People of the Philippines vs. Sandiganbayan and dingoy Estrada, G.R. No. 158754. 10 August 2007 PRIVILEGE AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION Art. Ill, Sec. 17 ‘Scope covers compulsory testimonial incrimination United States vs. Tan Teh, 23 Phil. 145 (1912)4 In what proceedings available Pascual vs. Board of Medical Examiners, 28 SCRA 344 (1969) Galman vs. Pamaran, 138 SCRA 274 (1985) Right to speedy, impartial and public trial Speedy trial Acebedo vs. Sarmiento , G.R. No. L-28025 December 16, 1970 Olbes vs. Danilo Buemio , G.R. 173319, Dec. 4, 2009 Public trial Garcia vs. Domingo, 52 SCRA 143 (1970) Perez v. Estrada, A.M. No. 01-4-03-SC, June 29, 2001 Impartial trial Tumey vs. Ohio, 273 U.S. 510 (1927) Soriano vs. Angeles, G.R. No. 109920, August 31, 2000 Right to confront witnesses US. v. Javier, 37 Phil. 449 (1918) a.9 — Prohibition against Ex-Post Facto Law Art. 15,Sec.1, ICCPR Art. Ill, Sec. 22, 1987 Constitution a.10 Freedom of thought, conscience, religion, expression and political Articles 18, 19, 21, 22, 27, ICCPR Art. Ill, Secs. 4, 18 , 1987 Constitution JBL Reyes vs. Bagatsing G.R. No. L-65366 November 9, 1983 Estrada vs. Escritor A.M. P-02-1651. Aug. 4, 2003 and June 22, 2006. Burgos vs. Chief of Staff, 133 SCRA 80 (1984) b. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Second Generation of Rights) Art. 55 UN charter Art. 2, ICESCR b4 b2 Right to self-determination, Art. 1, ICESCR Labor Rights Right to Work Under Decent Working Conditions Art. 6, 7, ICESCR Art. ll, Sec. 18, 1987 Constitution Art. XIll, Sec 3, 1987 Constitutionb3 b4 bs bé 5 JMM Promotions and Management, Inc. vs Court of Appeals, 260 SCRA 319 (1996) Right to organize/strike Art. 8 and 9, ICESCR Art. XIll, Sec. 3 (2) Bisig ng Manggagawa vs NLRC, 226 SCRA 499 [1993] Social Security System Employees’ Association vs. Court of Appeals 175 SCRA 686 [1989] Bernardo vs NLRC, G.R. NO. 122917,July 12, 1999 Right to Social Security Art.9, ICESR Protection of and Assistance to family Art. 10, Sec. 1, ICESR Art. Il, Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution Art. XV, Secs. 1 and 2, 1987 Constitution Right to Physical and Mental Health Art. 12, Sec. 1, ICESR Att. XIll, Secs. 11,12, 1987 Constitution Right to Education Art. 13, Sec. 1, ICESR Art. XIV, Secs. 1-2 Garcia vs. The faculty Admission Committee , Loyola School of Theology 68 SCRA 277 [1975] Solidarity /Collective Rights (Third Generation of Rights) cA c2 Right to self -determination Article 1 (1), ICPR Articles 2, 3,4, 5 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, 2007 Rubi vs. Mindoro, supra. Sections 2, 3 (h), 7 (¢ ), 13, 16, 21, Republic Act No. 8374 Right to participate in public affairs (necessary to uphold right to self- determination) Article 25 (2) (b), ICPR, Article 21, UDHR, Article 2, ICPR Article 5 , UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) 1965 Article 7 UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women6 1992 UN Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic and Linguistic Minorities Ref: U.N, Doc. General Comments under Article 40, par 4 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Human Rights Committee CCPRIC/21?Rev.1/Add.7, 27 August 1996 63 Right to Environment Principle 1, Stockholm Declaration Oposa vs.Factororan, supra. Vill Vulnerable Sectors /Special Interests Chapter VI and Vil, Coquia , Human Rights, (2012) a. Women Equality of Women Art. 1, 2-8 ,Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (1979) Political Rights of Women ‘Convention on Political Rights of Women (1953) Art. Xill, Sec. 14 1987 Constitution Art. 135 , Labor Code Arts. 69, 96, 124 , Family Code Special laws: Republic Act No. 7877 “Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995"Republic Act No. 9208 “Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003” Children in Armed Conflicts Protocol II to the Geneva Convention Sec. 2, RA 7610 Children in Conflict with the Law Art 40, Convention on the Rights of Child PD 603 Child and Youth Welfare Code ©. Persons with Disabilities Republic Act No. 7277, Magna Carta for Disabled Persons United Nations Declaration of the rights of persons with Disabilities Bernardo vs. NLRC, G.R. NO. 122917,July 12, 1999 d. Indigenous Peoples Art. XIV, Sec. 17, 1997 Constitution Republic Act No. 8731 Racial Discrimination — Article 5, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination Genocide Art. 1, 2-4, 12, 15-18,, 31,3217-20, Convention relating to Status of Refugees and its Protocol Right of Asylum, Art. 14, UDHR. Stateless he persons, Art. 1 Convention on Stateless Person IX. Remedies against Human Rights Violations and Human Rights Abuse under international Law a Remedies under UN Treaties 1 The Optional Protocol to ICCPR 2. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of racial Discrimination 3. Convention against Torture, and other Cruel , Inhuman or Degrading Punishment b. The 1503 Procedure or Confidential Procedure c. —_- The 1235 Procedure The International Criminal Court (ICC) Rome Statute ~genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity x. Remedies under National Law a. n by Commission on Human Rights war OF HABEAS CORPUSReference: Art. ll, Sec. 15 Art. Vil, Sec. 18 Villavicencio vs. Lukban, 39 Phil. 778 (1919) Moncupa vs. Ponce Enrile, 141 SCRA 223 (1986) Lansang vs. Garcia, 42 SCRA 448 (1971) Chavez vs. Court of Appeals, 24 SCRA 420 (1971) Gumabon vs. Director of Prisons, 37 SCRA 663 (1968) In re Abadilla, 156 SCRA 92 (1987) Norberto Feria vs. CA, et al. G.R. 122954, Feb. 15, 2000 Illusorio v. Bildner, G.R. 139789, May 12, 2000 Writ of Amparo Art. 3, UDHR Att. Ill, Sec.1, 197 Constitution Rules on the Writ of Amparo Sec. of National Defense vs. Manalo. G.R. No. 180906. 7 Oct. 2008. Roxas v GMA, G.R. 189155 Edita Burgos vs. Pres. Arroyo.183711-13 Cadapan vs Gen. Esperon. GR. Nos. 184495, 187109. 31 May 2011 Sec. De Lima vs. Gatdula. GR No. 204528. Feb. 19, 2013 Temporary Protection Orders/Permanent Protection Orders Republic Act No. 9262 Writ of Kalikasan Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases A.M. No. 09-6-8-SC Bernas, Joaquin, SJ, Introduction to International Law Coquia, Jorge, Human Rights Sarmiento, Rene , Human Rights Law /Human Rights Culture Constitutional Law Il Outline by Dean Magsalin