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1S16 ( Part 2 ) :1991

( Reaffirmed 1997 )

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Indian Standard
SHELLAC SPECIFICATION
PART

2
(

MACHINE-MADE

SHELLAC

Third Revision )

UDC

668 44731

@ BIS 1991

BUREAU
MANAK

December 1991

OF
BHAVAN,

INDIAN

STANDARDS

9 BAHADUR SHAH
NEW DELHI 110002

ZAFAR

MARG

Price Group 2

Lac and Lac Products

Sectional Committee,

CHD 22

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard ( Third Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft
finalized by the Lac and Lac Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division
Council.
Indian Standard for shellac covering hand-made shellac as well as machine-made shellac was first
published in 1949. It served as a basi; for initiating work at the level of the International Organization
for Standardization
(1S0) and culminated in the preparation of 1S0 Recommendation R 56 Shellac in
1957. Simultaneously,
It was revised to correspond with the ISO Recommendation.
Later on, the
Technical Committee ISOITC 50 Lac reviewed the position in respect of adoption of ISO/R 56 Shellac
by member countries of 1S0 and in the fourth meeting of ISO/TC 50 it was decided that specific
proposals for changes in the 1S0 Recommendation be invited. On the basis of the proposals received
it was seen that the adoption of ISO/R 56 was much more satisfactory in respect of machine-made
shellac than of hand-made
shellac. Because the number of types and grades of machine-made shellac
and hand-made shellac, taken together, was far too big and caused confusion in making reference to the
standard. Hence, two parts of the standards were printed. While, Part 2 covered machine-made shellac,
hand-made shellac was covered in Part 1 of this standard,
In the second revision of this standard for machine-made shellac, the requirement for non-volatile
matter soluble in cold alchol had been dropped. The methods for quantitative
determination of rosin
had also been dropped.
The requirement for colour index was given as essential. Though the colour index had been made an
optional requirement in ISO/R 560 the Sectional Committee had, however, decided that colour index
should be made an essential requirement but the purchaser and the supplier may, by agreement, judge
colour by visual examination by comparison with an approved sample.
During the last two decades, three amendments had been issued in view of the deterioration in quality of
shellac on storage and its usage in food and pharmaceutical
industries. This third revision is being
undertaken to incorporate those amendments.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular
requirement of this standard is complied with, the
final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in
accordance
with IS 2: 1960 Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ). The number of
significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in
this standard.

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IS 16( Part 2 ) :1991

Indian Standard
SHELLAC SPECIFICATION
PART

2
(

MACHINE-MADE

SHELLAC

Third Revision )

1 SCOPE

6 MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

1.1 This standard prescribes the requirements

and the methods of sampling and test for
machine-made shellac.

6.1 Matter Insoluble in Hot Alcohol

1.2 The limits prescribed

limits for rejection.

Machine-made
shellac shall not contain matter
insoluble in hot alcohol, determined by either of
the methods prescribed in 6 of IS 6921: 1973 as
agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier,
in excess of the limits given below:

in this standard are

2 REFERENCES

Type

The Indian Standards listed below ?re the necessary adjuncts to this standard;
IS No.

L
111

Title

4908: 1968

Glossary
industry

6921 : 1973

of terms

used

in lac

02
02

6.2 Colour Index or Colour and Appearance

Methods of sampling
Iac and Iac products

6.2.1 The colour index of machine-made shellac,

as determined by the method prescribed in 7 of
IS 6921 :1973, shall be not in excess of the limits
given below:

and test for

3 TERMINOLOGY
3.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS 4908: 1968 and the following
shall apply.
3.1.1 Approved Sample

Maximum
Percent by Mass
075
03

Type I,

Grades

Type H,

Grades

Colour Index, Max

fA
~B
1:
~ C
22
ID
35

The sample agreed upon between the purchaser

and the supplier as the standard for colour and
,..
general appearance.
4 FORM AND CONDITION
Machine-made shellac shall be in the form of
flakes, sheets, - or buttons or any other form
agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier.

Type III, Grades

5 TYPES AND GRADES

5.1 There shall be four types of machine-made
shellac as follows:

Type IV, Grades

Type I produced by heat process,

Type II

6.2.2 Alternatively,
the appearance and colour
of shellac shall be not inferior to those of an
approved
sample
when judged
by visual
examination.

produced by hot solvent process,

Type III -

de-waxed, and

Type IV decolourized and de-waxed.

6.3 Rosin
Machine-made
shellac shall not contain anv
rosin, as tested by the method prescribed in 9 o~
IS 6921:1973.

5.2 There shall be five grades in each of Types 1

and 11 and four grades in each of Types HI and
Iv.
1

IS 16( Part 2 ) :1991

6.4 Orpiment and Other Arsenical Impurities

7.6 Heat Polymerization

Test

6.4.1 Machine-made
shellac shall not contain
any orpirnent, as tested by the methods prescribed in 14 of IS 6921 : 1973 except when a
specified percentage is agreed to between the
purchaser and the supplier, in which case the
determination shall be carried out as prescribed
in 20.1 of IS 6921 : 1973.

Machine-made
shellac shall satisfy a heat polymerization
test within the range of time as agreed
to between the purchaser and the supplier. The
method shall be that prescribed in 22 of IS 6921 :
1973 and unless otherwise agreed, the temperature of test shall be 150 C.
7.7 Acid Value

6.4.2 When the material is required for food

industry or for drug preparations, the content of
arsenic shall not exceed 2 ppm ( as As ) when
tested by the method prescribed
in 20.2 of
IS 6921:1973.

The acid value of machine-made shellac shall be

fixed, if desired, by agreement between the
purchaser and thesupplier. It shall be determined
by the method prescribed in 15 of IS 6921:1973.

6.5 Lead

7.8 Lead Content

When the material is required for food industry

or for drug preparations,
the content of lead
shall not exceed 10 ppm ( as Pb ) when determined by the method prescribed in 16 of
IS 6921:1973.

The limit of lead content shall be subject to

agreement between the purchaser and the supplier and the percentage of lead shall be deter:
mined by the method prescribed in 16 of
1S 6921:1973.

7 OPTIONAL

NOTE - Shellac is, not expected to contain any lead,

but to guard against
inadvertent.
contammat]on,
when lead-free shellac is required,
lt shall not contain more then 003 percent by mass of lead calculated as lead ( see also 6.5 ).

REQUIREMENTS

7.0 The optional requirements given below shall

be subject to agreement between the purchaser
and the supplier.
7.1 Volatile Matter

7.9 Grit

Machine-made
shellac shall contain not more
than 20 percent by mass of volatile matter
( moisture),
as determined by the method prescribed in 5 of IS 6921: 1973.

The maximum limit for grit content in shellac

shall be as agreed to between the purchaser and
the supplier. When required, it shall be determined by the method
prescribed in 23 of
1S 6921:1973.

7.2 Wax

7.10 Iodine Value

Machine-made
shellac of Type I and Type II
shall not contain more than 5.5 precent by mass
of wax, and that of Type HI and Type IV not
more than 02 percent by mass of wax when
tested in accordance with Method I and Method
H respectively prescribed in 11 of IS 6921:1973.

The maximum limit for iodine value of shellac

shall be as agreed to between the purchaser and
the supplier. When required, it shall be determined by any one of the two methods prescribed in 24 of IS 6921:1973.
7.11 Clarity of Solution

7.3 Ash

This requirement is applicable to Type 111 and

Type lV shellac and shall be subject to agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
The shellac shall show no turbidity when tested
by the method prescribed in 25 of IS 6921:
1973.

Machine-made shellac shall contain not more

than 03 percent by mass of ash when determined
by the method prescribed in 12 of IS 6921: 1973.
7.4 Matter Soluble in Water
Machine-made
shellac shall contain not more
than 05 percent by mass of matter soluble in
water and the aqueous extract shall not be acidic
to methyl red or alkaline to bromothymol blue.
The test shall be carried out according to the
method prescribed in 13 of IS 6921 : 1973.

8 PACKING AND MARKING

8.1 Packing
The material shall be packed as agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier.

7.5 Flow Test

8.1.1 It n recommended that the material be

consumed as early as possible after purchase;
till the time it is consumed, the containers shall
be stored at low temperatures. preferably 4 to
5 c.

Machine-made
shellac shall have a flow within
the range agreed to between the purchaser and
the supplier, when tested bY the me~o~ Prescribed in 21 of IS 6921: 1973.
2

IS 16 ( Part 2 ) :1991
.8.2 Markhg
The material shall be marked with the following
information:
a)

b)
c)
d)
e)

Name, standard grade and trade ( see 4.1

and 4.1.1 ) of the material;
Net mass of the material;
Indication of the source of manufacture;
Month and year of manufacture; and
Lot number or Code number to trace the
lot of manufacture.

9.2 Samples shall be prepared

each grade of the material.

9.3 Number of Tests

9.3.1 Tests for matter insoluble in hot alcohol,
co lour index, rosin, orpiment and arsenic shall
be done on two independent samples.
9.3.2 Test for all other characteristics
done on a single sample only.

9 SAMPLING
9.1 Samples shall be prepared
prescribed in 3 of IS 6921:1973.

9.2.1 Samples shall be stored in air-tight containers at temperature

not more than 20 C for
periods upto three months; if it is intended to
keep the samples for longer periods, they shall
be kept in a refrigerator.

in the manner
separately

for

9.4 Criteria

shall be

for Conformity

The lot shall be considered as conforming to

the specification if no failure occurs in any test.

I Standard Mark
1
The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bweau of Indian
Stanalwds Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The Standard Mark on
products covered by an Indian Standard
conveys the assurance
that they have been
produced to comply with the requirements of that standard under a well defined system of
inspection, tosting and quality control which is devised and supervised by BIS and operated
by the producer. Standard marked products are also continuously checked by BIS for Conformity to that standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under which a licence
for the use oft he Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers
or producers may be
obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards.

Bureau of Indian Standards

established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote

BIS is a statutory institution
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country,
Copyright
No part of these publications
may be reproduced in any
BIS has the copyright of all its publications.
form without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of
implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director ( Publications ), BIS.
Revision of Indian Standards
Indian Standards are reviewed periodlpally and revised, when necessary and amendments, if any, are
issued from time to time. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the
latest amendments or edition. Comments on this Indian Standard may be sent to BIS giving the
following reference
Doc : No. CHD 22 ( 0097)

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No.

Text Aifected

Date of Issue

BUREAU OF INDIAN

STANDARDS

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