DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Aliran Vortex............................................................................... 5

Gambar 2.2 Klasifikasi Vortex Berdasarkan Kekuatannya .............................. 6
Gambar 2.3Teh Cangkir Yang Diaduk Adalah Sebuah Aplikasi Vortex
Paksa ........................................................................................... 7
Gambar 2.4 Rotational (Rigid Body) Vortex ................................................... 7
Gambar 2.5 Vortex Bebas ............................................................................... 8
Gambar 2.6 KlasifikasiTurbin Air ................................................................... 10
Gambar 2.7 Turbin Francis ............................................................................. 11
Gambar 2.8 Turbin Kaplan.............................................................................. 12
Gambar 2.9 Turbin Pelton ............................................................................... 13
Gambar 2.10 Turbin Turgo ............................................................................. 14
Gambar 2.11 Turbin Cross Flow atau Banki.................................................... 15
Gambar 2.12 Turbin Vortex ............................................................................ 16
Gambar 2.13 Hasil Percobaan dan Hasil CFD ................................................. 18
Gambar 2.14 Proses Simulasi : CAD, Grid, dan Hasil CFD ............................. 19
Gambar 2.15 Konservasi Massa Elemen Fluida 2 Dimensi .............................. 21
Gambar 2.16 Konservasi Massa Elemen Fluida 3 Dimensi .............................. 22
Gambar 2.17 Konservasi Momentum Pada Elemen Fluida 2 Dimensi ............. 23
Gambar 2.18 Konservasi Momentum Pada Elemen Fluida 3 Dimensi .............. 24
Gambar 2.19 Konservasi Energi Pada Elemen Fluida ...................................... 27
Gambar 3.1 Model Turbin Vortex ................................................................... 40
Gambar 3.2 Domain Turbin Vortex................................................................. 42
Gambar 3.3 (a) Spesifikasi Meshing (b)Hasil Meshing .................................... 43
Gambar 3.4 Kondisi Batas PadaTurbin Vortex ................................................ 44
Gambar 3.5 Diagram Alir................................................................................ 46
Gambar 3.6 Cara Import Geometry ................................................................. 47
Gambar 3.7 (a) Wall (b) Atas (c) Inlet (d) Outlet ............................................. 48
Gambar 3.8 Spesifikasi Mesh .......................................................................... 49
Gambar 3.9 Hasil Mesh .................................................................................. 49
Gambar 3.10 Setup ......................................................................................... 50

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Gambar 3.11 Models ....................................................................................... 51

Gambar 3.12 Materials .................................................................................... 51
Gambar 3.13 Phases ........................................................................................ 52
Gambar 3.14 Cell Zone Conditions ................................................................. 52
Gambar 3.15 Solution Controls ....................................................................... 53
Gambar 3.16 Calculation Activities................................................................. 54
Gambar 3.17 Solution Initialization................................................................. 55
Gambar 3.18 Region Adaption ........................................................................ 56
Gambar 3.19 Patch.......................................................................................... 56
Gambar 3.20 Run Calculation ......................................................................... 57
Gambar 3.21 Fluid Flow (FLUENT) ............................................................... 57
Gambar 3.22 CFD Post 14.0 ........................................................................... 58
Gambar 4.1 Distribusi Kecepatan Dengan 4 Garis ........................................... 59
Gambar 4.2 Hasil Simulasi Pada Lubang Buang 1........................................... 60
Gambar 4.3 Grafik Distribusi Kecepatan Pada Lubang Buang 1 Dengan
Head 0.1 m ................................................................................. 61
Gambar 4.4 Hasil Simulasi Pada Lubang Buang 2........................................... 61
Gambar 4.5 Grafik Distribusi Kecepatan Pada Lubang Buang 2 Dengan
Head 0.17 m ............................................................................... 62
Gambar 4.6 Hasil Simulasi Pada Lubang Buang 3........................................... 63
Gambar 4.7 Grafik Distribusi Kecepatan Pada Lubang Buang 3 Dengan
Head 0.28 m ............................................................................... 64
Gambar 4.8 Hasil Simulasi Pada Lubang Buang 4........................................... 64
Gambar 4.9 Grafik Distribusi Kecepatan Pada Lubang Buang 4Dengan
Head 0.29 m ............................................................................... 65
Gambar 4.10 Hasil Simulasi Pada Lubang Buang 5 ......................................... 66
Gambar 4.11 Grafik Distribusi Kecepatan Pada Lubang Buang 5Dengan
Head 0.30 m ............................................................................. 67
Gambar 4.12 Turbin Vortex ............................................................................ 68
Gambar 4.13 Grafik Perbandingan Antara Daya Hasil Simulasi, Daya Hasil
Teoritis, dan Daya Hasil Eksperimen ........................................ 69

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