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Lanthanide Group
Lanthanide Group
The Element
KELOMPOK :
LEO SAPUTRA S
[06121010030]
YOLI RESMITA
[06121010009]
MEI HIDAYATI
[06121010037]
Thelanthanide/lnnad/orlanthanoid/
lnnd/series
of
chemical
elementscomprises the fifteenmetallicchemical
elementswithatomic numbers 57 through 71,
fromlanthanumthroughlutetium.These fifteen
lanthanide elements, along with the chemically
similar elementsscandiumandyttrium, are often
collectivelyknownastherare earth elements.
aremetals
Theyarenamedfromthemineralsthatthey
arefoundwith,whichareuncommon
minerals
Therarepartreferstotheideathatthese
elementsarehiddenintheminerals,not
thattheelementsthemselvesaresorare.
elementswithatomicnumbersfrom58
to71
TheLanthanideelementsare
consideredagroup,notaperiod
SomeLanthanidesareformedduring
thefissionofUraniumandPlutonium
withaknife.
Theelementsaresosimilarthattheyarehard
toseparatewhentheyoccurinthesameore,
whichtheyoftendo.
Despitethenamerareearth,thelanthanides
arenotasrareasoriginallythought.
Ceriummakesup50percentofanalloycalled
misch(MIHSH)metal.
Properties:
AllLanthanidesaresimilarinchemicalandphysical
properties
CommonProperties:
SilveryWhiteMetals
Shiny
Tarnishedeasilywhenexposedtoair
Veryreactivewithmostnon-metals
Theyburneasily
Relativelysoft
Theyhaveahighmeltingpointandboilingpoints
TheyareF-blockelements
Properties:
Chemistryandcompounds
Uses:
Manyscientificandindustrialuses:
Usedascatalystsintheproductionofpetroleum
Theyareoftenusedinlasers,magnets,motionpicture
projectorsandx-rayscreens
Somearecombinedwithirontocreateflintsfor
cigarettelighters
Theyareusedformakingsunglasslensesbecausethey
deflectultra-violetandinfra-redradiation
Theyareusedinscientificmaterialsthatneed
phosphors