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June2011 PDF
June2011 PDF
-- j---
A.Yakaiah, Nellikudur.
a)
j PLp
(h,
x--)
Narrator = One who narrates (tells a story,
reports an event, etc)
b)
j Pp
(-)
author = writer
Q. As we know that when reporting verb is in
past tense the corresponding reported
clause/ verbs if it is in simple past tense
converted in to past perfect. Sometimes,
simple past remains as it is.
They are also called, auxiliary or defective verbs. Except am, is, are, was, were,
have, has, do, the other verbs can't be used
independently. Negatives, however, can be
Here the reporting verb 'says' is in the present tense. So the tense of the reported
verb, 'went' (simple past) remains as it is.
-x--- 643
M.SURESAN
-, L----x -J-JE
J h . C h- s *a--p-x English x
practice , W x -iC. Oo -s-Eox English
xh C
O -j--C.
p o-, J- o-x, L----x --op -J- l. (Ja- practice is
important)
Pradeep: Hi Jagdish, how are you?
( o?)
Jagdish: Fine, Pradeep. Thank you. How are
you?/ How about you?
Thank you.
-)/
(*
-Lq
.
C)/
Never
( p--).
(F -?)
better
Thank you. What
about you?
Thanks.
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
( o.
y
o?/ F -?)
-a.
( o. --x -o?)/
( o?)
Students , How are your studies?/ How
about your studies?
(F - C?/ F - -C?)
Sujee: Fine. Thanks. How about you?/ How
are your studies?/ How about your
studies?
Thanks.
( C.
- C?)
F -?/ F
( C/ D .
( A .)
- --N - ---.
( -hC?)/
y Eo--, o-,
-, J-h- -o-p,
()
( --);
(Eo V
\o?);
( -?)
A. Please understand the use of the past perfect tense correctly. The past perfect is used
for the earlier of two past actions.
o)
(x)/
J---h- ---o-p
--Jz---a.
(- y ---
! @N -hC?)
y- --J----
-a, -- y ---o-p.
Surprise!
( au! Hope I
am not mistaken ( ---- ?)
(Fo au L- )
Srikar: Make no mistake. I am Srikar
of course. Enough.
(y -. Xo. .)
Fo O Eu-@-N- *a--p-x
Practise .
h -
C.
(--- d.)
(J d.)
( Lx--v -
d.)
( x >x d X-
d.)
-- j---
A. Sudhakar
Peddamalla Reddy
Q. I have seen the following
sentence in a book. 'I will
come tomorrow'. Here will is
present. So, this is present
tense. But action will complete in future. Please clarify about this example of Time & Tense.
A. 'I will come tomorrow', will come refers to an
action that will be completed in future. 'will
come' refers to an action of the future. This
is simple.
Don't worry too much about these things. All
that we should aim at is, speaking English
correctly. Let us not worry about form and
meaning, and other final points like semantics. 'Semantics is the study of the meanings of words - how the meaning of a word
E p) . d
J*
pC
J*
E \-o ?
-C. F
p
J*
\
J*
p ?
C. d C,
The book, written ten years ago, is still in
demand.
written 10 years ago
is a phrase (written, verb
past
participle
describing the subject,
'the book'
\,
)
(x v
,
v)
C-. F
u-E,
\
E h-
enthusiasm
(
q-)
phras-
es.
Q. I don't know why he
has shouted
underlined
phrase
(\
E
h- o.
F \ underlined words 'has' 'shouted' verbs o ? Then why is it
said as phrase?
A. Why he has shouted 'has shouted'
verb
clause
C clause, \
C d C
E h- . Oo
--o E--hC.
'Why he has shouted' - clause has
verb, shouted verb . 'Has shouted' verb.
C-. F C
C .
(\
E h-
J*
-x--- 644
-u-E N?
u- verbs N? underlined x verbs O
? Please explain.
-p C
-C?
With great care ( v-h), with great
( o?)
Arshad: Fine, how about you?
(-, J y?)
Shaiz: Fine too, thank you. (-)
( C. h C --. N, ?)
Arshad: I
can
see
that.
Where
are you
from?
(C
n ---. O C?)
Shaiz: We are from Vissannapeta. We own
some property there. Dad is a professor in a Vijayawada college.
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
1. I am an Indian 2. I am Indian
A. Both 'I am an Indian' and 'I am Indian' are
correct. In 'I am an Indian', Indian is a
(O ?)
Arshad: We belong
here/ we
are of this
place.
(d @N C?)
(N\
x)
Belong = .
?Where
are
you
from?/
where do you come
from?
(O ?/ O-\ x?)
ME x--, May I know where
you are from? .
I am from AP/ I come from AP.
(C v-v-/ v-v- x.)
Where do you come from?
(C Nqo. h
\. o N-- -@
v)
M.SURESAN
(O ?/ O\ x?)
A. I am from Ongole/
AP/ Nizamabad,
etc.,
AP/
(
/ C
E, etc)
(O-\-o*
ho-J-p?)
A. (I am coming) from home/ college/ the cinema, etc.
Solomon
Solomon's
O x
x G J--?
e.g.: The Krishna, the Indian (ocean), the
Bay of Bengal, the Nagarjuna Sagar
(canal).
A. 'The' must be used before names of rivers,
seas and oceans.
The Krishna (river), The Arabian sea, The
Indian Ocean, The Bay of Bengal, The
Nagarjuna sagar canal, etc.
( -x/ --
/ E * ho.)
-- j---
O-J
E o. N
doubt E clarify h
u . - -C have/
had/ has/ would have, etc is followed by the
past participle.
'E' is followed by 'C'
The past participle is
followed by have/ has/ had/ would have, etc.
F, j \-ox
, p
-C.
Grammar Book
Phrase
underline
o. F, Phrase E
? - j \o Sentence
Ajay & Vijay J* -C. J sentence Predicate C . 'Sat' -
verb C, N-J---.
A. O J . Ajay and Vijay sat
on a wall - sentence 'On a wall' ('sat'
) v B- C Verb E
Group of Words -C. Verb E
group of words Phrase .
Predicate sentence , subject E
sentence subject J*
p sentence .
Ajay and Vijay sat on a wall. sentence
Ajay and Vijay, subjects. 'Sat on a wall', subjects
'Predicate',
Phrase
sat
J* ( O a-o
n) p . d C
-F
. -
Q. He worked with
great care Phrases clauses
sentence
p--p
h J- B--?
N-J---.
A. He worked with
great care sentence
'with great care', predicate
Phrase.
Phrases, Clauses
p--p u
NJLqC.
Phrase: A Group of words without a Verb: in
the class, because of his delay, etc.
. Eo
-E ?
h--.
v.
-x--- 645
NJ--a.
v.
verb
C d.
j -u-Eo
NJ-.
phrase
---a? -
M.SURESAN
A. The sun rises in the east 'The sun', subject, 'rises in the east', predicate. 'In the east'
Phrase
v B-, C
-C.
G. Rajeshwar, Bayyaram
\? h-? (u -N?)
N --- p
l.
c) What do you
do for a job?/ a
living? =
(O---o
O?)
Pankaja: I come
from Vizag, I told
you; but I've (I
have) been here
for quite a long
time. I can almost
say that I am from Hyderabad.
Vizag
(C
E p. F E-\ - o. d C j--
pa.)
(O h-?)
Pankaja: I teach in a high school. I've been a
teacher for seven years now. What do you do
for a job?
school teacher
school
teacher
Pavithra: Just a home maker. I've (I have) a
school-going son and an infant daughter. I've
(I have) my handsful looking after the two.
School
. -x
o. O h-?)
( x-L.
x , -
o . l-JF --- J--C
.)
Pankaja: What's your husband, if I may know.
(O h h? -- p---).
Pavithra: Oh by all means. He is a Engineer
in Govt. service.
O u?
O h-
---a?
(C ) O
u ?
Where are you
working?
-a.
Narmada: Where do you live?
(O-\--?)
Sourabha: (I live) in Jeedimetla. What about you?
( @-x ? O -?)
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
Narmada: Gandhi Nagar.
Sourabha: Your son doing B.Tech. He lives in
the hostel, doesn't he?
(B.Tech
O s, d-
?)
Narmada: He hasn't
yet moved into the
hostel. He will be,
soon. Right now he
is living in my
cousin's.
hostel
(
x. y -.
vh cousin x -o.
-E: Cousin = Lxv
, Lx/ v -\ --/ --J
Gf. h, -- x cousins.
English brother/ sister, Lx d Gf-
v . x , English
'shift' , move. He moved (shifted ) to
O u -N?/ O
OJ-p-h-?
-h-o? O u? n \
.) What's (What is) your father? = O
o h? ( u -N?)
hx u ---p, u-, 'May
I know what you are?' (O u
---a?) . ...What do you
do for a job? E -a.
2) O-\--?/ O x-\? = Where do
C -- Ba-.
2) It is suggested that a ring road be built to
relieve the congestion
E -C
. C J-.
( V --E-x
\-L- v. E )
L,
(-y-\?)
I suggest that you should buy a car = I suggest that you buy a car Active Voice.
underlined verbs
Passive Voice - should
be bought/ be bought.
Vandana: Next
to the Post
Office
in
Governorpet.
(-o--
d- \)
(Am living/ is living/ are living -u
\o E- n .).
For the present I am living with my cousin.
Soon I am moving to a house near my office.
cousin
Office
Practise
(vh--E
-o.
_- x
y
l.
. N
C- --
-a.
C
the
= It
the
the
move =
Q.
(\) vA--C-.
C -u-Eo -x- ----C--.
' --E -- Bh?
-- j---
Lakshmaiah, Gollapalli
Q. In the 8th class Eng- Text
Book - ''If I were you, I
should stop smoking'' (Not
would) But previously you
wrote that.. ''If I were you, I
would help you''
Remember, this happens only when the listener doesn't believe the speaker and sarcastic
(uu/ \-J-).
-J-E/
-J/ E
verb
.
answer h
EE,
E
vo
E
C
transitive
verb.
Answer
Intransitive verb.
D passive - -u C ?
j -xE, laugh at, run through, wish for,
verbs, simple verbs , N Phrasal
\ Verb, 'sees' - h, EE h?
E- hC d, 'see' transitive verb.
J--h-C.
JhC.
JE/ EE J--h-C? answer -
? d 'run' intransitive. -
transitive verb passive voice C.
Ja--p,
\,
-Lq
E N-J* Eo
a.
(\
for 10
E y-.)
?)
A. If the Sub-Inspector were there, (if the SubInspector was there - wrong), he could/
would save the boy - correct
Q. There is one sentence in the 10th classEnglish that is..
The other said, ''You are taking the
Kurzbach train, are you?''
Question Tag ''aren't you?''
\,
Jo
y? 'E . d,
\ verb, transitive.
-x--- 646
Suman Singhania, Gandhampalli
Q.
M.SURESAN
Eo
E a. N:
1)
L ?
v-Ao-*
.
pas-
( - * C--
%c -
---E
-J
.
Thanks
p
y %-c L-h.
thanks (u--)
p-- Sx pC---C
u.
a) Sravanthi: How kind of you, Akshaya!
If you hadn't lent
me your books, I
couldn't
have
done so well in the
exams.
Thank
you.
(~!
y!
F h- -y-- K~ x Eo-.
Thankyou)
Akshaya: No problem. Don't say that.
( l N -. )
-E- ! Direct Thank you -,
How kind of you! / that's very kind of you!
(y n ,
'kind' \ '- n )
Thank you
No
problem/ No problem. Please don't mention.
\. DE p
(
l
N
.
O p--
)
b) Sravan: Could
you give
me a lift
up
to
my
home, please?
(h
F O B-?)
Varun: Oh! with pleasure. (-)
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
Sravan: Thanks a lot.
Varun: That's all right
c) Pradhan: I've (have) been able to finish my
work in time. I could't
have done it without
your help.
(%
%/ ,
-.
C passive -. English
L---x -sx Passive .
--x Passive u C; -
, 't, o --? o-x.
(u> x
?)
Vinay: Yes, it is, ()
Santosh: Thankyou
Vinay: You're (are) welcome/ It's a pleasure
f) Prasad: Thank you for the delicious dinner
Thanks)
Sukumar: Not at all. We enjoyed having you
too.
(-j N
( --. O
-)
(Ny- d V --L. C F .)
Chandrika: Oh, how lovely! Thank you very
much.
thanks)
Bhoomika: Oh, it's my pleasure/ It's OK.
( !
( --)
3. He swam a mile
EE?
F, j
2. He went home
(C / --)
- s,
--
pop,
Eo \ N- p:
a) You are welcome
b) It's all right
and
c) It's my pleasure.
You're welcome
Practice
-a.
O --
u . C..
let her know that eating mangoes within limunderline
its wouldn't harm you-
\
--
--Eo -J-* -N--J--.
A. sentence 'would' probability (J
-) --C. 'Eating mangoes... does not harm her' = E- (*a- p)
'Eating mangoes... wouldn't harm her' = E- ( *a )
Q. -C -u-- English ----C--.
x-E Building E ----o.
A. I am thinking of buying a building in this
town.
d Ao o A-- \ B*aC t.
-u K-- *a --ox
L-.