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V 2 we Wes oo Aa fen, se ls Liege \ Vins near” oS a ee ee tcoaae 2 w+ Bey Fe Whar \s ae valtose (vet just reson. ac e 1h i R == ve ae. 5 Yue et Sd Pe 2 Zi duet Fe &-e | LAwce, + | z, ees | 2 2 Awe\ “ : SS Makes ‘seAek) on Memance | circu It SRAAS pounn thr. reseeter PP igotcre 75 7 ry [tlre J) Sisan “Ore i haere eat place she br") Small Ce impedence yRonsform § Rasdort elr 2 1O°R Rm hes Ressiator nor damped veh. Hud proldam Fir mole hih-R LT-souree § “hae. -edE Summary 4uoljedissip pue esiou Woy sasie soualayoosq (s,do *9) 47 32 asion (s,do “0 “o) "'o ye asion juawUOWIAUy (O<- | Aesap) uoissiluy snosueyuods Z/CPTO/'FO) #19 @ “0 + 7/2 (O"@7/4) A) "Le “0 + ANT Z/ gl" /Y) OY "fo 09 = OH s0usiayoosq uol|oUuNnr UosydesorDecoherenca Frana FLbiset, (need more qe pedal he io y (P Density Matix ppporch: Chri tbh oboe) —Encem ay cod for MMR we vat = Oaks scontn oxtan ¢ tice Ty exp. decom). Tee hisf gree For cartel. cae (ite wa base) ¢ . (DNbee 1A Bled vector (ost physical) = Com stent — corel vee — Seeiilar to Stating, 7 y clecticad Se tt ri = Puillth,, Cae cot “gueitia Maur Code 7p” biorge Lo, hate na teodih opsaralite Jost ned te add “T, emmy dehy ; v ~s & Reise : 1S comrot sicnals change f&.V, len peise yw. comiteal. signal gives: noise vl Seat oe Bet eerie Reg) x Bab, HE Crronst, 9g ) bis = = ot 9 ye HE roamed aban vee in bias TNewe Erersy Deccd From Bi L Con rete 0% ne =o one ee er Rando Plochationt 3 ie cca Bande. cones Fram Taye = ig Spten Gn cent exalt) | Ere =1Fer FURS + Lege ckdatobcbales) |< alent Fer = fe Pot spretol density 5 noise as & = Fee or reg» i ee GN S aay a Si) i re (2/4 e ae eae Eat a soni lose Note < work classt col apt only makes, sense Te discves pla ax () Treg. oak Gf pee Ne oF Pilkeos tT ~~ if sino faesaparre test choses# o LF weet wm know rime correlotinn ov Mark Wiener incite +haprem (not dor how) as LT IOS = 5 Score Oo 2> Comte eta See) 1) aot Heo tepeghy) es) Exaupo: White ppc) Sp) = att, Resistor 2 now’ ptt he d 42 rit % comet a Funct ) so perse —ncontelabec! in times Comper sitodlectoae take cack T(t) fandom [c or Random Aevpls re when Er’ |Phase Neist (#) c mmdlan too tli> DECOHERENCE OF A SUPERCONDUCTING QUBIT DUE 1) w- con$ 0) + sing ym FIG. 2, Block sphere representation of the qubit state Corel vector eC .£, c,) robes the Bloch vector around ans of dies Bom ef Hep +c wi ange fe and fi). A ese control currents have constant values aver time AP, we can define a control vector €= (e,,¢yy¢;) with ‘ine comiol currents change the qubit state afer ime Ay aceoring fo the vritary teansforeation! cunl= its ACB), a) exp -té-212], (78) lee al Fors ipa el where d=(4,.0..442) and dys the identity mith One way 10 visualize how ¢ contro the qubit stat is via the standaed Bloeh-sphere doteripton, As Mustated in Fig 2 the direction of the Hoch vector desees the gubit state sceonding to ‘F = eos{ '2)|0) +sin(W2)expti)|1). The angle fai the vector coresponds tothe oxcopaion amplitude af the stale, whereae the aagle «gives the phase af the state The probubliy of tasting the ground state is given by coe 21, Operations of, dy and «. correspond roa tions ofthe state vector around the 75 and # ant, respee tively. In gcncral, a contol vector ¢ rise the Bloch yeetor sud the ¢ ais with angle). For example, “77 2-pae™ with conteal vector é= (0, }) changes the state WH) to the state (0) |1) 92 AL, CALCULATION OF DECOHERENCE FOR AN ARBITRARY NOISE SOURCE, Because the biay current controls the qubit, asise in the bias cuireat fuctuates the qubit state and causes decaber. catce. In this section we calculate how noise sandamty rotates the Black veetor arvund the three axes. Because we sep rated the effect of the bias curren into low Ji (¢) and weer wave AROqUEMEY Tyan ( HS Mol TpoK FISD Whul COMPO nes, the effet of noise can be Sepadated Wewise. Since the assis Lap, Caren mie at low Hequnsy tuts he cp wea ‘nei oF Ue sty heh, PHYSICAL REVIEW B 67, 094510 (2003) net effect of these rotations depends om the state of the qui, wwe calculate how these Auctwations affect the measurement (of the state for two typical experimental situations, Fos ee eonITaT vee WHT Tanduay ote: the Brock || ‘rector around the Zs due to operations Thsse andor Totations produce, poise inthe phase ¢ of the qubit state, ea Singe the pest feeds phase noise aller « time 18 Sy" Wl LG)) Bayo (* sane 8 [tae hte) 8) Priysically, paws noise riser ftom noise curent Rowing Aivough the nonbinear inductance wf the junction dat in tar of = Boeieed “ty The magnitude of ahe-ghase noise is described by is smeanraquaged valag(63(1) This quanbty is calculated with the noise powse Fscribe.as the spot dosiy SMV. Ii dined a the meanesqunced amplitude of the surrent noise at fiequeney.f per 1 He bandwidth, Ths time sverage of the contlation funtion is computed with the A reise power by 19} (arse [larason) ) ee | frarsen ar [arms (105) woe Ae wor ) is a spectral weight fimetion given by yf rv won| [ae eae (110) ith a cnte CRE ty 4 ‘The phase notes integral is cutoff for flequencies preater than my/2, For these frequcacies, the noise eurrent peimarily ‘ows ough the janction eapacitance, nox the junction, and thus docs not significantly modulate a. Furthermore, nvise ‘a thy should not he included because It is accounted for iv sinmulaied transitions, a8 computed below, Intezrating the noise 10 a eutT frequency ov4y27 Hs. good approximation Teecatse fer aioal ciseult impedances 4 change us this cutoff frequency only logarithmically affeets the phase noise [soe 9. (26) - Frees, X# ey Ne Yt NeeWhite js g peels 1) den Peete Siar “Ka awe feed Becca like diffosion! Sx Try mK Lgt>e ey rss Selim) ee opt ales? “ hes coasted t Af ebie io ee 1 as Py: SE (a ee WE € ts roa Betsy 1 Gace) + Cte) éh> ofp? yrmataa yryrey Suiup UF (4) aoe 5 bias linet: very slouly, bi wig Bao: teal, experince - By & SF mod ot BO gh a ee, ott zX,Y errs Fem HF Novae T= T,,09+ TW coast + Te) ineyt 2 - x a # ae 4 Sy Mead to express HF, Add around Wa ab ree mea), Te peebs | 3 Newt at £ Aus - pices HO wake sang free. Aw De £ — > Siisle siched Sh= Sy = % Spleonn) Since Assure AgISe coast areerel Wo /2e7-Oy - pue OV+ WO. Sppe aSION ew ay . = sh 28 een} ys Ltt ie just [lee Pisce one = <6) > ( a Lhe cout Tete! lr & oF BV. 2 f Stocnas eh ) sett ¢ eS . CADETS me som) So 8 Te Bape ttis G Se Ape (o> = cabhO/z) p, dena) -4i-1@F] > =4-27¥6) > rte tie ; Une ttre Saye Sol 32) re a te Repre setts ronson pote’, o— | Likeutwe if Steer at bette 11>} Yel sacs abeve i renee 4 Wl en Pictere srl Lyseh FSS SE Lt > seen ab mest en onye Oy cer > be | [eee rw ange BL not_raent E z er Saas + @y> > -4G,"> ={|-4%F - 5 Errante eal | ast of pwoue aget , Beyond smal angle Bapansids aie sees Meany modes of Arde 3 Gaussian Distrborien dplX) po Re SED ay ZH Ke = 8220 2 Ao p= Side é ca C4) oe aa - gst enl-0%] Ps ‘fk le fired inp ost. trnstrens covse ana, to Vg t 1 as ! ard Saphasiay= e je Ret Ele Pe] (4)> =e oer z+ t cpl) | Combining Werks Gotten -Loitel tec! ) 4 ons rut) onel- 2 Ge) Mo hipl Pree fren bark saurcad . Rate+ pier reDissp octtina avd Noise (Dp 2P> now trecdbael ceporatel,y ? Bsr con be cowlone| Titel iissigt eomey| 2 teow a eo eT had + tor Frag Compe, Quechn sty dyfer by git Pact) Aro Sw pepresedty £ ere tosis ak Thus , diesip cepres. by cht accee Frag |! @ How treat diesip tn QM. ance OM pewetsit oy) Std. Femme Att = —— a © weny state | Small copie mony Stake S I Bway /siate nore comes book, > Exomde RS: A tahna, ae whee ling oo wircey i enramy teflectec| loack rw end DK Medel Far a tesietem: ape al Pride, Langth %{) cavdlascribe”L-C mo (et Hsed Ark Borsity oF Medag. ' oo dei fitt NL art (esent CAD, = Pll )EnWo ial we ai Ze i “Y Cn a” Pie On age Net =& wh Ea a5 With Series Crrevit, Vie Flees ‘Whes, odd “=> NE i "35500Te noe (se y lock at correlate = eM Spetectors e bye + cidtentress: duds Bd = Pie’ xe For | seme! (aé sit, ove" a Sees ne fae" Gate eco yY = rea leos ee pei oko. — sane >]) Koleas 40 = otas4/ Somork a patenestig —=> AM classteal tw. specira west! For 1,0. stede (besevic dats pote. TE 1 o égal aT cee sy er > le oa eo =e Phe Con ea —> | wh Ts0A + \ roth oy thab 2Gatom= 7 es wa € ae tet n Ge ae) Cc e -j (aerate) lela B tated: hee a Ze Se 7 o| ee, niid a aesueae: jee nD pss +, > a ; 5 Hee. HH e)| joes 2p restate, Gy Was 2-sidte! lates’ > Nous FT. leek sieles 2 4 Baws at See eee Saree Genta ta Reig Zo Zhe oe pe [regard Eaiesinn g coop & ||Un — ar (Uo (ol] Absodetien = +40 Vas ae +e Emssict mo -ie ‘ ene bho D- Emission = we = Blackoad Festmala, cid) @ S Cohm)= SP Cwir)-S_ orn) Dia = hehe lia bt 1 eee = 2b) (te = FB | = 2pet:) kw [dact> = Lora] err tld = Reg) 2k (#) Ya ep CS sien) i= if ee Bras Re) = sb ref)-—$ ooh ee Deri XK BP Ploas. dave 150 Horst Cdieaspation) SP'(-whr) — Classical Nowe oe] (3, SMCperr) — BPs Nese IO (2) Two cays +d prcture ARSE VTL B Ae x ee 6 Lhe f "358 4 N +/= HS | Close + Decoy oe Sp wien) Sauipe 2 stomata pates SP Gunn) = give Belre teeter eatrestl s Si lwhn) > So'C¥An)* Selehe) Cow) = gthus cotnh (bu /2er) ME) = FeT Relk) Rite T ‘wae Johasen Jy geist hoax af R ‘3S800OL a 4710] paxiw asiou 4H : pra Jo aeIs abeyon, SSION LuN}UeND Jo JusWaINsea/|Jilee % Tepes , Zz ops ead detle -sidec! : Spectrum, TS expressas show previcunly (wih 1- sichedl rategree 1, Ose Se to integrate berl Frags Siaislane = ee = (or) ( 4e WI, Sy (ore/an ) a a + = BB) (drug) Sp Crofen) ea Cotanh > Be ZP nmap (nclialeDecohuerce = potee - How do T tablate my dat Faw externa) wrmnd Calis aor alice npibe note ») So For, shown HOW re gale Leccbecace . f aieba Des | dep — > [4 > Really ittrested on jaberse perblent , porches behincl cloricniag & gavel fies i seen annie] OR ssliiatin | utd ic cireut coducg Coben.) corres pgeoe l Gerered Paldom 2 sit wath 08 Gewit 8 Smee Ons Ft <— wistis Ree) fonkt4y late leds —5 Tell: lye Meal ourcot “lealtfdaok geet!Spa ee Sry @ setpet Gapet ) 2~term fase ges Re Rel) tl Sab 2 ovipst ast = we pt Asud Bor Ss : R St

ae wo Peele R&X) . grt $2.7 Ree) Sq? EOS Ge) = = a + pe, Ror ke) 2) ~h Qt} cB x2 geht SE Te ate ae ‘) te zo? = NS | Peck trans Bina py BI? SO Jz > Gpoy'se +46 & ie citewitXN|j 0} BAILISUaS abaey y °] — 4 dues paouejequn pinbs :juaweinseeyy XN 0} AISUASUI yelp st “| os uasoyo Y pasuejeq pinbs :uojesedo 4@WOJSUBI} B]qeUeA e S| pinbs wand ainos ynopeey GINDS Buljdnog ejqeveA(ge = 05 Il og pewsdxe) y ZZ) = "H+ 1 sucey= 1 - ; seyeq 0} 14 188g On | ea ose [su] 'y ay I ify hy ACPI) "wot Y 00s Ege” WOH) ayy © fyi") Loo uoyedissip ,punoi6yoeq, UMOMUN » Sy JUNYS GINDS PeWiol-x « :Wod UOHedIssIp WqnD JOWJOJSUBL] SoUepeduu] siqeleA(3) Turable coupling CSQUD meosut ) OOe tle A aes a w Te ft tao Ls ra 3 Ls bse bottom tlie 4s + ss a evrteats “Opal EF ae, Amos eel) = 0 (0d imped. reansk, ) Squib + ane Be co Oz A+ loose E tj coirert in lovee, ween branch peoples AGE coopliag AoOoror . So ass O Fast, Mor eee tha Peduced TL. relative te, ep, Producing fmbalance and thus F couplings azey afl a Roar ars & % Gale. of measore. —> shaw eet clata « bd Go hh all obits + shaw ctrowt strecturesee G) Oor Bata Re EC prensk, @ ack stelle abast & keane wed G&G) % get a) Gg t ee 72) Ouest ance Aes sr by \ Ca | ioe BT. (Ox To, seebtin L) i) Brag wm top QW B gubr AD BD coupliy puree Sevld Jip b> Ty, C shte out some 5 Symmety, L vut cawle or Ploy Cetra, commen lenge ), B boat changes reer cop! C lee 2 gee 3 etsjnopeay SJIGND eseYd : UOHEWOJSUELL y aan AXD2 qhepea, \ syqny abieyo : UOIEWIOJSUBIL YSUGNDH Xn] :uoNeWIOJSUeL] Y