Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DEDUCTIVE DATABASES
, -
, -
(RDBMS )
. ,
,
. ,
:
? ,
, ?
SQL-92. .
,
.
Abstract Relational database management systems (RDBMS) are very successful in
administrative data processing. However, lately the needs of increasingly complex
applications set new problems, and limitations of these systems become more apparent. For
example, a company that produces cars may need to answer the question: "How much
would cost the production of new models at the current prices of components?" Or, "Do we
have enough components in stock, for the production of our new model?" Such queries
cannott be expressed in SQL-92. They require a much more powerful relational language Datalog. It is possible to set recursive queries, which means putting a table in a
relationship with itself.
1. :
:
,
,
, ,
.
,
. ,
:
,
,
, SQL
.
,
.
,
.
rdbms- :
1. ,
-,
2.
,
3.
,
.
,
( ).
.
(
)
, , .
.
.
,
,
.
.
:
: , ,
: , , , , , , ...
(X,Y):= (X), (X,Y).
557
DBMS
.
- ,
, :
:
:
'' .
.
.''
,
extensional
intensional extensional
, intensional
.
( -
) ,
,
:
,
- .
extensional
database,
,
-
,
S. 1.1
(. 1.1).
.
(. 1.2).
,
,
, . S6 ,
.
.
2.
,
,
,
SQL-92.
.
,
(.
),
,
.
558
S. 1.2
(. 1.3).
. 1.6,
. 1.7.
, ,
1 ,
SELECT . SQL-92
.
,
SQL:1999.
S 1.3
(. 1.4).
S. 1.6
S. 1.4
(. 1.5).
S. 1.7
3.
S. 1.5
,
.
, .
559
,
:
; ,
(2) S
.
:
(, ):(, ).
:
(, ):(, 2),
(2, ).
.
:
, ,
(, )
,
(,
) .
. 2.1
SQL:1999.
(. )
(. 2.2).
:
, 2,
,
(, 2)
(2, )
,
(,
) .
:- (body)
, (head)
. :- :
,
. , S
,
()
. ,
,
(deductive database systems).
.
,
.
, =,
2=,
=,
(;)
(. 2.1). S,
S
.
S,
.
S
( ) ,
, .
560
. 2.2
561