HYPOTHESIS TESTING

Chi
squared
test

EXAMPLE 2
A company is interested in
determining whether an
association exists between the
commuting time of their
employees and level of stress
relatedCommut
problems
observed
Stress
Stress
Stress on
Total
ing Time High
Low
the job.
A study ofModerat
116
assembly
e
Under
9 reveals
5
18
32
line workers
20 min
20-50
min

17

28

53

Over 50
min

18

31

Total

44

19

53

116

EXAMPLE 2
At =0.01 is there evidence of
significant relationship between
time and stress ?
Given the critical value of =13.30
at = 0.01, df=4.

EXAMPLE 2 -Solution
Let us assume null hypothesis that
stress on the job is independent of
commuting time
The contingency table is of 3x3, the
degrees of freedom would be (3-1)
(3-1)=4. that is we will have to
calculate only four expected
frequencies and others can be
calculated automatically

EXAMPLE 2 -Solution
E11= 32x44/116=12.14
E12=32x19/116=5.24
E13=14.62
E21=53x44/116=20.10
E22=53x19/116=8.68
E23=24.22
E31=31x44/116=11.75
E32=31x19/116=5.08
E33=14.17

EXAMPLE 2 -Solution
Observe
d (O)
9
5
18
17
8
28
18
6
7

Expected (O-E)
(E)

(O-E)

(O-E)/E

EXAMPLE 2 -Solution
Observe
d (O)

Expected (O-E)
(E)

12.14

5.24

18

14.62

17

20.10

8.68

28

24.22

18

11.75

5.08

14.17

(O-E)

(O-E)/E

EXAMPLE 2 -Solution
Observe
d (O)

Expected (O-E)
(E)

12.14

-3.14

5.24

-0.24

18

14.62

3.38

17

20.10

-3.10

8.68

-0.68

28

24.22

3.78

18

11.75

6.25

5.08

0.92

14.17

-7.17

(O-E)

(O-E)/E

EXAMPLE 2 -Solution
Observe
d (O)

Expected (O-E)
(E)

(O-E)

12.14

-3.14

9.85

5.24

-0.24

0.05

18

14.62

3.38

11.42

17

20.10

-3.10

9.61

8.68

-0.68

0.45

28

24.22

3.78

14.28

18

11.75

6.25

39.06

5.08

0.92

0.84

14.17

-7.17

51.40

(O-E)/E

EXAMPLE 2 -Solution
Observe
d (O)

Expected (O-E)
(E)

(O-E)

(O-E)/E

9
5
18
17
8
28
18
6
7

12.14
5.24
14.62
20.10
8.68
24.22
11.75
5.08
14.17

9.85
0.05
11.42
9.61
0.45
14.28
39.06
0.84
51.40

0.811
0.009
0.781
0.478
0.052
0.589
3.324
0.165
3.627
9.836

-3.14
-0.24
3.38
-3.10
-0.68
3.78
6.25
0.92
-7.17

EXAMPLE 2 -Solution
The critical value of
=13.30at=0.01,df=4
Since the calculated value of
=9.836 is less than its critical
value the null hypothesis is
accepted
Hence we conclude that stress on the
job is independent of commuting
time

Assignment
A certain drug is claimed to be
effective in curing colds. In an
experiment on 500 persons with cold
, half of them were given the drug
and half of them were given sugar
CONSEQUENCE
pills. The patients
reactions to
Treatme is
Helped
Reaction as
No under
total
treatment
recorded
nt
effect
Drug

150

30

70

250

Sugar
pill

130

40

80

250

Total

280

70

150

500

ASSIGNMENT
On the basis of the data can it be
concluded that there is a significant
difference in the effect of the drug
and sugar pills
Given , the critical value of =5.99
at = 5.99 and df = 2
(Ans calculated= 3.522)