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Sound and Hearing
Sound and Hearing
HEARING
PRODUCTION OF SOUND
1. Sound is a form of energy that moves in the
form of waves.
2. Vibrations of objects produce sound.
3. Vibrating object transfer the kinetic energy to
air molecules around them. The vibrations of
the air molecules are detected by our
eardrum as sound.
4. Different vibrations produce different types of
sounds.
Transmission of Sound
Properties of Sound
Properties of Sound
ECHO
When sound is reflected repeatedly from one surface,
an echo is produced. Echo produces two different
types of sound, i.e the original and the reflected sound.
Both of them can be heard separately.
Echo occurs in enclosed places like caves, tunnels
and halls.
Echo cannot be heard in a small room because the
reflected sound overlaps the original sound.
When an echo is produced, we cannot hear the sound
clearly. Echo and be reduced by putting curtains,
carpets and soft cushions.
Correcting Hearing
Defects
Correcting Hearing
Defects
Punctured eardrums can also be repaired
by surgery. Damaged eardrums can be
repaired or replaced by using
membranes from other parts of the body.
Electronic gadgets can be implanted into
the ears to help some deaf people to
hear better
Limitation of Hearing
The human ear has the ability to detect
sounds in the frequency range of 20 Hz
(hertz) to 20 000 Hz. Humans cannot
hear very low frequency or very high
frequency sounds.
Limitation of Hearing
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Organism
Human being
Range of sound
frequencies (Hz)
20-20 000
Whale
10 20
Dog
67 45 000
Frog
50 10 000
Cat
45 65 000
Snake
100 - 800
Bat
Dolphin
grasshopper
100 15 000
Functions
Amplifier
Stethoscope
Loudspeaker
Earphone