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C# and .
NET programming introduction 1

Introduction
A course in C# and .NET programming
Associated book:
C# and .NET Programming for Engineers
, John
Allwork,
Publisher: Elektor, 2009,
ISBN: 978-0-905705-81-1
1
2009 Elektor International Media

C# Programming for Engineers, J Allwork
C# and .NET programming introduction 2

1.
2.
3.
4.
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6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Introduction, Development environment

User Interface, controls
Properties and events
Dialogs and forms
C# language basics
C# language arrays and strings
C# language -program flow
Object Oriented programming Methods
Object Oriented programming Classes
File handling
Multimedia & Graphs

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Debugging
Run-time placement
Threads
Internet communication
Databases Introduction and displaying
Databases Creating
Databases Accessing from code
Plotting
DLL and API
Hardware interfacing - USB interface
3


Software Visual C# 2008
Download from Microsoft
http://www.microsoft.com/express/download/default.aspx
Free but slightly limited version

Also install SQL 2008 used for databases
Register the product
4


Development environment
We will create Windows applications


Design environment:
Solution explorer
Menus
Form
Code editor
Toolbar
messages
6
Properties/events
window


The Form Most important - place controls the UI.
Display by clicking Form1.cs [Design] tab
Form
Textbox
Button
Label
Listbox


The Toolbox
Grouped by task
Contains controls
Common controls are:
Buttons,
Textboxes,
Labels,
Radio buttons
etc.


The Properties / Events window
Properties
Each control has properties e.g.
Name
Position (top and left)
Size (height and width)
Text
Description of property
9


The Properties / Events window
Events
Events happen to controls
e.g:
Button click
KeyPress
MouseMove
MouseDown
Others Form load
10


The Code Editor where you enter your code
Double-click object to enter code
Some added for you do not delete
11


Your First C# Program
Run C#, start a new Project, > Windows
Application and call it Hello world
Save the project. Select File>Save All.
Display the form (click form1.cs[Design] tab).
Add button (drag and drop) from Toolbox to form
12


Change the buttons text display (a property).
Display the properties window,
Scroll to the Text property, type in Hello world
13


Place TextBox and label to form
Change labels caption property to My First C# Program.
Form looks like:
14


Run program not much happens. Close it.
Double-click button to add code for button
click
Add code:
15
textBox1.Text="Hello world";


Run program, click button.
Hello World is displayed
Your first C# program !
Note use dot notation to access property
C# is case sensitive
16


Summary
Free software from Microsoft
Development environment
Form, Code editor, Toolbox,
properties/event window
Drag/drop controls (buttons) to form
Double-click to add code
First program
17

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 18

Topics
Adding methods to class

Static classes available to all objects
Overriding default methods
Inheritance
Protected declaration
18


Methods
Add method Move
Move Point one place in X and Y direction
Code:
public void Move( )
// declare public
{
_x++;
// move X by one
_y++;
// move Y by one
} // end move
Use:
myPoint.Move( );
19


Method overloading
Add second Move method
pass distance to move
public void Move(int Xdistance, int Ydistance)
{
_x = _x + Xdistance;
_y = _y + Ydistance;
}
Use both:
myPoint.Move(12,34);
myPoint.Move( );
20
// pass X and Y
// one unit in X and Y


IntelliSense knows about both:
21


Static Classes
- dont have to be instantiated.
Distance from Origin example of this
available to all objects
Code:
class Calculate // pass x,y return distance
{
public static double DistanceToOrigin(int x, int y)
{
return Math.Sqrt(x * x + y * y);
}
}
Use:
distance = Calculate.DistanceToOrigin (myPoint.X, myPoint.Y);
22


More useful ToString method ?
- Override default ToString method
Add code:
public override string ToString( )
{
return "My Point Object is at : " + _x + ," + _y;
}
Use:
MessageBox.Show(MyPoint.ToString( ));
Displays: My Point Object is at : 123,456
23


Inheritance
Take a class and extend
Seen this when we create our Form:
public partial class Form1 : Form
Lets create Circle Class from our Point Class
Can add radius and area
Code: public Circle : Point
24


Add new class Circle:
(Project > Add class)
Call it Circle, code:
class Circle : Point
{
}
Can now create a circle:
Circle smallcircle = new Circle( );
Because we are using existing code, its more
reliable
25


Extend define radius
Constructors:
class Circle : Point
{
private double _radius;
// internal private
public Circle( )
{
}
public Circle(int xValue, int yValue, double radius)
{
_x = xValue;
// _x and _y now declared protected in Point class
// still private to outside world
_y = yValue;
_radius = radius;
}
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// add property - radius use get and set
public double radius
{
get
{
return _radius;
}
set
{
if (value >= 0)
_radius = value;
}
}
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Extend further
Add method Area:
// method Area
public double area( )
{
return Math.PI * _radius * _radius;
}
28


Override ToString method:
public override string ToString()
{
return "Circle at x,"+_x+" y,"+_y+
"radius,"+_radius;
}
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Use:
Circle smlCircle = new Circle( );
Circle largeCircle = new Circle(12, 34, 56);
smlCircle.X = 98;
smlCircle.Y = 87;
smlCircle.Radius = 10;
MessageBox.Show(smlCircle.ToString( ));
MessageBox.Show(largeCircle.ToString( ));
MessageBox.Show
(smlCircle.area( ).ToString( ));
30


Summary:
Adding methods
Static classes available to all objects
Overriding default methods
Inheritance extend class
Protected declaration
31

C# and .NET programming Hardware 32

Topics:
Serial port
Parallel port
API DLLs
USB
USB Module
32


Serial Port control
Non-visual control.
Properties:
BaudRate: 9600,
DataBits: 8,
Parity: None,
PortName: COM1,
StopBits: One.
Main event: DataReceived
Occurs when data is received from the port
33


Needs: using System.IO.Ports;
Set properties
serialPort1.BaudRate = 9600;
serialPort1.DataBits = 8;
serialPort1.Parity =
(Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), "None");
serialPort1.StopBits =
(StopBits)Enum.Parse(typeof(StopBits), "One");
Open device
serialPort1.Open();
34


Send and receive data
serialPort1.WriteLine(textBox1.Text);
listBox1.Items.Add(serialPort1.ReadLine());
Or use DataReceived event
35


e.g:
private void serialPort1_DataReceived
(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
listBox1.Items.Add(serialPort1.ReadLine());
}
36


Parallel interface.
One way of getting digital I/O.
Data register: Bits 0-7 data
Status Register: Bits: 0-2 not used, 3-Error, 4-Select, 5paper out, 6-acknowledge, 7 busy.
Control Register: Bits: 0 strobe, 1-Auto-feed, 2-initialise,
3-select, 4-IRQ enable, 5-7 not used
Base address (data register) is at 0x378
Status and control at 0x379 and 0x37A.
Eight outputs
Only status register bits are guaranteed inputs
37


Accessing the parallel port
Use inpout32.dll - Lake View Research (www.lvr.com).
Provides direct read and write of the I/O
[DllImport("inpout32.dll", EntryPoint = "Out32")]
public static extern void Output(int adress, int value);
[DllImport("inpout32.dll", EntryPoint = "Inp32")]
public static extern int Input(int address);
Use:
Output(port, data);
temp = Input(port);
38
// writes data to port

// read port, puts data in temp


USB interfacing
Most popular way of interfacing to the PC.
Complete design involves:
Hardware / USB interface
PC drivers
Understanding protocol and hardware

limitations
Difficult
39


The USB interface - 1
USB 2.0 three modes of operation:
High speed (480 Mbits/s),
Full speed (12 Mbits/s) and
Low speed (1.5 Mbits/s).

Device indicates its speed by pulling
D+ or D- data line high.
Power can be taken from USB bus
but strict limitations
40


The USB interface 2
The host controls the bus
- initiates & controls all messages
Up to 127 devices on the bus
- a device may not run at its full speed.
USB Connectors:
The A-type is exclusively for a host
B-types are for connection to slaves.
Smaller B-type for small devices such as mobile
phones and digital cameras.
41


USB interfacing
Many manufacturers make USB / I/O modules
One is from DLP design: DLP-245PB-G
42


The module features - 1:
USB 1.0 and 2.0 compatible

communication at up to 2Mbits/s
18 digital I/O lines (6 as A/D inputs)
Programmable Microchip 16F877A PIC
Pre-programmed code to interface to USB
43


The module features - 2:
Code provides access to:

I/O (analogue and digital)
EEPROM and
external digital temperature sensors
Access to the PIC data bus for further

expansion.
No in-depth knowledge of USB hardware or

software is required
40-pin DIL pin-out: further expansion is easy.

44


Using the module
Install drivers and DLL can then use from C#
Can read and write directly to I/O

Need to understand protocol
45

46


Summary
Serial port
Parallel port
API DLLs
USB
USB Module
47


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C# and .

NET programming introduction 1

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 2

Introduction, Development environment

C# and .NET programming introduction 3

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 4

Free but slightly limited version

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 5

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 6

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 7

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 8

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 9

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 10

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 11

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 12

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 13

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 14

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 15

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 16

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming introduction 17

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 18

Adding methods to class

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 19

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 20

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 21

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 22

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 23

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 24

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 25

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 26

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 27

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 28

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 29

2009 Elektor International Media

C# and .NET programming OOP2 - 30

2009 Elektor International Media