.

.

.

.


.
.

.

.

.
.
.

.
.

.

. .
.

.
.
1941
.
300
..
Connate Interstitial residual

 .
.
15000 350

. 100 50
1.2 4*10^-6/
0.1 . 14.7
60 60
.
.

.
.
the calculations which the reservoir engineer will be called upon to make will be
expedited through his knowledge of these properties of pure water, since the
empirical data usually employed in the solution of problems concerning reservoir
water are referred to pure water properties.

32 250 6000 .

.
5000 250
ppm 30000 .

PHYSICAL PROPERTIBS OF WATER

Solubility of Natural Gas in Water

) . (a1-6 14.7 60
60 . 5000 260
20 .

.
: 6-1 .
5000 200
. .
a1-6 20 .

.
. b1-6

 a1-6 .
:

XY

Rsw Rswp 1

10000

Rswp
Cu ft/bbl ,

Cu ft/bbl ,

Rsw

ppm ,

Temperature, F
100
150
200
250

Y
X

Correction
factor X

X
.
0.074
:
0.050

0.044

0.033
ppm 50000
5000 200 75
.

.
: 6-2 . 6-1
ppm 50000 .
a1-6 20 .
6-1
:
200 0.044
6-1 .

XY

Rsw Rswp 1

10000

0.044 50000

Rsw 20 1
) 201 0.220 20(0.780
10000

15.60 cu ft / bbl
b1-6 .

Compressibility of Water

. 6-2
.
:

1 V

V P

cwp
cwp

1 / psi
,

bbl
bbl

psi
,

V
P

.
. 6000 200

2.9 10 6

.


.

.
b2-6 .
:

c w cwp 1 0.0088Rsw
Rswp
Cu ft. /bbl ,

cwp
,psi/1

,psi/1

cw

20
18
.

6-3 .

.

.
: 6-3 .
4000 140
.
a2-6

2.8 10 6

:6-4 . 6-3 30000

ppm .
a2-6

2.9 10 6

. a1- 6
17.6 . b1-6 6-1
. 6-1:

XY
0.055 30000

Rsw Rswp 1
17.6 1

10000
10000

14.7 cu ft / bbl
6-3:

c w cwp 1 0.0088 Rsw

]) 2.9 10 6 [1 0.0088(14.7
) 3.27 10 6 bbl /(bbl )( psi
b2-6 .

Rsw

14.7

b2-6 1.13 .
.

) c w 2.9 10 6 1.13 3.27 10 6 bbl /(bbl )( psi

Thermal Expansion of Water

6-3 6-4
. .
.
:

1 V

V T

1/ oF

bbl
bbl
F

V
T

6-3 60 250
6 .
.

..
.

 ) 23 125 (

.
: 6-5 .
5000 200 . .
C 6-3 .
:

Bw
1 1.055 0.986

0.00469
Bw T 1.02 300 100

: 6-6 . 6-5
.
B 6-3 .

5-6 .

Water-formation Volume Factor

6-5
6-1 6-2 .

. 5000 250
1.042 1 14.7 60 .
6-5 100 250
5000.
. 6-5
.
.
: 6-1
Water-formation volume factor, bbl/bbl, at F

Saturation

250

200

150

100

pressure,
psi a

1.0584

1.0361

1.0183

1.0045

1,000

1.0568
1.0552
1.0537

1.0345
1.0330
1.0316

1.0168
1.0154
1.0140

1.0031
1.0017
1.0003

2,000
3,000
4,000

1.0522

1.0301

1.0126

0.9989

5,000

:6-2

Water-formation volume factor, bbl/bbl, at F

400

Pressure,

300

250

200

150

100

32

psi a

1.1592
1.1566
1.1498
1.1433
1.1371
1.1311

1.0872
1.0852
1.0835
1.0792
1.0749
1.0707
1.0666

1.0617
1.0599
1.0560
1.0523
1.0487
1.0452
1.0418

1.0363
1.0349
1.0335
1.0304
1.0271
1.0240
1.0210

1.0207
1.0193
1.0153
1.0125
1.0095
1.0067
1.0039

1.0050
1.0037
1.0025
0.9995
6.9966
0.9938
0.9910

0.9982
0.9967
0.9953
0.9920
0.9887
0.9855
0.9822

200
600
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000

1.1254

1.0626

1.0402

1.0178

1.0031

0.9884

0.9791

6,000

.
.
.
(1) :
6-5 )(2
a1-6
b1-6 6-1 ) (3


.
6-5
4 .
.

.
: 6-7 .
5000 250 .
6-5 1.044 .
: 6-8 .
50000ppm 5000 250 .
6-5 :
= bbl/bbl 1.054 .bbl/bbl 1.044
a1-6 21 .
b1-6 6-1 .X
b1-6 250 0.84 .
50000ppm :

21 0.84 17.64

 21
1.054 50000ppm 17.64
:

17.64
1.052 bbl / bbl
21

)1.044 (1.054 1.044

: 6-9 .
5750 . 2675 193
.
: 1
1.1 F/60F60 .
60 14.73 .
) A (6-7 1.1 ppm 143000 .

)(4

)(3

)(2

)(1

Gas-oil ratio,

Water-oil

cu ft/bbl

ratio, bbl/bbl

Average
oil-production
rate, bbl/day

Year

0.25

240

1936

1,903
2,822
3,252
4,579

0.28
0.38
0.60
0.66

130
84
54
43

1937
1938
1939
1940

5,952

0.81

36

1941

) 6-4 (6-1 1.0365 .

a1-6 14 .
6-1 ppm 143000
:

XY

Rsw Rswp 1

10000

0.045 143000

14 1

10000

4.98 cu ft / bbl
b1-6 .
0.35 . ppm (5/143000) 28600 193
0.87 ) (0.87 5
. [5(0.87-1)-1]0.35

14 0.350 4.90 cu ft / bbl

.
.
6-5 193
:

1.0345 1.0305 0.0040

) 0.000286 bbl /(bbl )(cu ft

14
14
a2-6

3.1 10 6 bbl / bbl. psi

6-3 .

c w c wp 1 0.0088 Rsw
] 3.1 10 6 [1 0.0088 4.98
) 3.24 10 6 bbl /(bbl )( psi
B2-6 . 4.98 1.04
.

) 3.1 10 6 (1.04) 3.22 10 6 bbl /(bbl )( psi

.
193 1.0365

3.22 10 6 bbl / bbl. psi

Bw 1.0365 3.22 10 6 2675 0.000286 4.98

1.0365 0.0086 0.0014
1.0293 bbl / bbl
:2 6-5 2675 193 .
= bbl/bbl 1.032
= bbl/bbl 1.028

 14
4.98 .

4.98
(1.032 1.028) 1.0294 bbl / bbl
14

Bw 1.028

.
:
Annual

Water-oil

Annual

water production,
bbl

ratio,
bbl/bbl

oil production,
bbl

Year

21,900

0.25

87,700

1936

13,300
11,650
11,850
10,350
10,650

0.28
0.38
0.60
0.66
0.81

45,500
30,700
19,750
15,700
13,200

1937
1938
1939
1940
1941

79,700

79700 1.0294 82000 bbl

Density, Specific Volume, and Specific Gravity

;
. 14.7 60
.
14.73 60
:

0.999010 gm / cc
8.334 lb / gal
62.34 lb / cu ft
)350 lb / bbl (U .S .
0.01604 cu ft / lb
:

w
1
0.01604

0.01604 w
62.34 62.34 w
w

specific gravity

w density lb / cu ft
w specific volume , cu ft / lb
0 400 6-3 .
Temperature, F
Property
400

350

300

250

200

150

100

0.99987 0.99306 0.98026 0.96301 0.9426 0.9184 0.8900 0.8571

1.00013 1.00699 1.02014 1.03715 1.0610 1.0890 1.1243 1.1669

Relative density,
gm/ml
Relative volume,
ml/gm

w wb

Bw
wb w
:

lb / cu ft

cu ft / lb

wb
wb

Bw

.
.
6-6 6-7 .
:6-10 . 5000
200 .

Bw

6-1 6-5 .( bbl/bbl 1.0301) .

wb 62.34

60.51 lb / cu ft
Bw 1.0301

:6-11 . 1.04 .
A 6-7 ( ppm 55000) .