J passport BOOKS Just Listen *n Learn ACT eee ume eecc eum eT | Communicating with Confidence |___Fan WE (2 ip es) gps LeJust Listen *n Learn RUSSIAN Halya Coynash General editor, Brian Hill Series advisers Janet Jenkins Duncan Sidwell Al Wolff PASSPORT BOOKS a division of NTC Publishing Group Lincolnwood, Illinois USADEERE Scar samen Contents How to use this course 4 Talking about yourself 7 Talking about yourself and others 21 ‘Asking for and receiving information 35 Ordering drinks and snacks 47 Getting what you want in shops (1) 59 Getting what you want in shops (2) 73 Understanding and asking about time 85 Asking for and understanding directions 97 Making travel arrangements 109 Ordering a meal 123 Expressing likes and dislikes 135 Talking about your town and the weather 147 Giving more information about yourself 163 Stating your intentions 179 Discussing what you have done 195 Grammar summary 211 Vocabulary 214 Index. 222HOW TO USE THIS COURSE Following this course will help you to understand, speak and read most of the Russian you are likely to need on vacation or business trips. The course is based on recordings made in Moscow. You will hear ordinary Russians and other Russian-speakers in everyday situations. Step by step you will learn first to understand what they are saying and then to speak in similar situations yourself. Before producing the course we talked to many people about why and how they learn languages. We know how important itis for learning to be enjoyable — and for it to be usable from the beginning. There is not a lot of point in knowing all the complexities of Russian grammar if you can't ask for a cup of coffee! There is a grammar section in each unit, but its main function will be to help you to understand and use the language. We have introduced the Cyrillic alphabet in the first five units. Do remember that itis difficult to learn an entirely new alphabet, and that it takes time. The exercises in each unit will help you to learn the letters, as will writing out the new words and phrases you meet. In the first five units we have transliterated all the words, that is, we have provided the nearest equivalents in Latin script to the Russian sounds. You will see that the spelling and pronunciation of Russian words do not always correspond! ‘A few guidelines are given on pages 5 and 6, but our best advice would be to listen as much as possible to the native speakers on your recording and follow their pronunciation. General hints to help you use the course © Have confidence in us! Real language is complex and you will find certain things in every unit which are not explained in detail. Don't worry about this. ‘We will build up your knowledge slowly, selecting only what is most important to know at each stage. Try to study regularly, but in short periods. 20-30 minutes each day is usually better than 4 hours once a week. To help you learn to speak, say the words and phrases out loud whenever possible. If you don't understand something, leave it for a while. Learning a language is abit like doing a jigsaw or a crossword puzzle; there are many ways to tackle it and it falls into place eventually. Don't be afraid to write in your book and add your own notes. Do revise frequently. (There are revision sections after every three units.) It also helps to get somebody to test you ~ they don't need to understand Russian If you can possibly learn with somebody else, you will be able to help each other and practice the language together. Learning Russian may take more time than you thought. Just be patient and above all dont get angry with yourself. Suggested study pattern Each unit of the course consists of approximately thirteen pages in the book and around ten minutes of recordings. The first page of each unit will tell you what you are going to learn and you will also find our Study guide there. The Study guide tells you the best way (we think) to tackle a unit. As you progress with the course you may find that you evolve a method of study which suits you better. ‘That's fine, but we suggest you keep to our pattern at least for the first three units, ‘or you may find you are not taking full advantage of all the possibilities offered by the material. ‘The book contains step-by-step instructions for working through the course: when to use the book on its own, when to use the recording on its own, when to use them both together, and how to use them in each case. On the recording our presenter Andrei Bell will guide you through the various sections. Here is an outline of the study pattern proposed.Dialogues Key words and phrases Practice what you have learned Grammar Alphabet and Read and understand Did you know? Your turn to speak Answers p2il p2l4 For cassettes: 6) For CD players: Listen to the dialogues, first without stopping, and get a feel for the task ahead. Then go over each dialogue or suggested group of dialogues in conjunction with the vocabulary and the notes. You should get into the habit of playing the recording repeatedly to give yourself time to think, listen to sentences a number of times, and repeat them after the speakers. Don't leave a dialogue until you are confident that you have at least understood it. Study this list of the most important words and phrases from the dialogues. If possible, try to learn them by heart. They will be practiced in the rest of the unit. After each group of dialogues there are some listening and speaking exercises. To do them, you will need to work closely with the book. You will, for instance, often be asked to listen to a piece on the recording and then fill in answers or mark off boxes in the book. Or you will be asked to write an exercise and then check the answers on the recording. Use your PAUuSE/STOP and REWIND or REPEAT buttons to ‘give yourself time to think. Normally in the last exercise you will have an ‘opportunity to practise the most important language in the preceding dialogues. At this stage in a unit things should begin to fall into place and you are ready for the grammar section. If you really don't like grammar you will still learn a lot without studying this part, but most people quite enjoy finding out how the language they are learning actually works and how it is put together. In each unit ‘we have selected just one o two major grammar points. In these sections you will practise reading and using the Cyrillic alphabet, and, later, understanding signs, menus and so on which you may come across in Russia. In this section you will be given some practical background information about Russia. Finally back to the recording for some more practice, this time using the main words and phrases of the whole unit. The book only gives you an outline of the exercises, so you will be listening to the recording and responding. For the first half of the units you will usually be asked to take part in a conversation where you hear a question or statement in Russian, followed by a suggestion in English as to how you might reply. You then give your reply in Russian and listen to see if you were right. You will probably have to go over these spoken exercises a few times. In the later units, as you become more confident, we will suggest situations which ‘you might expect to encounter in Russia. Try these first yourself, and then turn on Your recording to see how a Russian might talk on the same theme. The answers to all the exercises (except those given in the recording) can be found on the last page of each unit. At the back of the book a grammar summary which covers the main rules of Russian grammar for those who wish to study them in greater detail than the main part of this course provides a Russian-English vocabulary list containing all the words in the course, plus a short index of words and topics Symbols and abbreviations If your cassette recorder has a counter, set it to zero at the start of each unit and then note the number in the headphone symbol at the beginning of each dialogue This will help you to find the right place on the tape quickly when you want to wind back. Your player locate each unit as a track number. Note the number from your@ Gi) display at the beginning of each dialogue. This will help you find the right place ‘on your disk when you want to repeat play. $ This indicates an important word or phrase in the dialogues. m, masculine sing. singular f. feminine pl. plural n. neuter lit, literally The Cyrillic alphabet and the transliteration used in this course a fal 6 i Pp ft B fv] ec {s} r Is) neve n (d] y tl e [ye] ° tf & [yo] pete any *« [zh] 1 [ts] ote 4 [eh] e La a fee] i ee x {kl 9 fel of w yu) Xi : i x otal bt [y] or, sometimes, [i] n [p] (» not transliterated in the course) All letters given in square brackets reflect pronunciation. As you can see, such a list is only useful for reference, since it can only approximately give the Russian pronunciation. Furthermore there are features of Russian which make our transliteration, based as it is on actual pronunciation, deviate from this norm. Most importantly: 0 is pronounced {o] when it is the stressed syllable and closer to [a] when not stressed. A similar change occurs with st [ya] which can sound like [i] the further it is from the stressed syllable. It must, in fact, be acknowledged that any vowel sound which is not in stressed position may become blurred and even indistinguishable from other vowel sounds. Since this applies especially to the many different noun endings, such a situation can be very convenient for the learner! Certain consonants sound more like others in particular combinations or at the end of a word. For example: 8 [v] will be closer to [f] before c [s] and some other consonants. We would stress that this is not a rule as such, but simply what the vocal chords force us to do (compare the English absorb v absorption). Stress From the above examples, you have seen how important stress ~ where you put the emphasis on a word — is in Russian. The stress can often change in accordance with a word's role in a sentence. Unfortunately there are no simple rules to help the learner. This need not inhibit you in speaking: a word wrongly stressed will probably be understood. However it is crucial to be aware of these possible changes, since pronunciation is sometimes radically altered. Most of the stresses are marked in this book, so that you can become accustomed to them. Russians do not, however, normally mark them in the written script.You will learn common greetings in Russian to introduce yourself and people you are with to ask somebody's name to ask and reply to simple questions about nationality, etc and you will read about the different forms a Russian name can take and when each is used Before you begin Always listen to the dialogues at least once before following them in your book. Don't worry if you can't make out every word. Try to follow the gist without being distracted by unfamiliar words. The more accustomed you are to the sound of the Russian language, the easier it will be to read the script. So don't hurry, and above all do not despair — all will fit into place! In Unit 1 you will hear people greeting each other, introducing themselves and asking about others. We will be introducing the Cyrillic alphabet over the first five lessons with all dialogues in both Cyrillic and Latin scripts. Before turning to the first dialogues in your book, you will find it useful to read the section on the alphabet on page 15. See how many of the Russian words you can make out, ‘And now: xxertée yertéxa! [zhiléyim uspyékha] we wish you success! Study guide To help you check your progress, mark off the Study guide list as you complete the tasks in each unit. Dialogues 1, 2: listen without the book Dialogues 1, 2: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 3, 4: listen without the book Dialogues 3, 4 Practice what you have learned Dialogues 5~7: listen without the book listen, read and study one by one Dialogues 5~7: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned ‘Study the Key words and phrases Read and practice writing the Alphabet ‘Study the Grammar section carefully Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNIT 1 7Dialogues 6) 1 tanya greets a woman inthe service burkat Tanya 3upavereyirre. Zadrastwuytye. Woman — S166peiii sen. Dobry dyer | sapanerayirre [zdrdstvuytye] is the most common way of saying hello in Russian. enn [ddbry dyen'] good day ferent times of the day one can also say Yrpo [dobraye titra] good moming p [dobry vyécher] good evening » | 26pm | ard n66poe 6) 2+ Katya arrives at Anna Sergeevna's house 1pasctayfite, AHHa Cepréesna. —_Zdrdstvuytye, Anna Sergéevna. Ké Zdrastvuy, Katya. Katya Anna Sergeevna 3upacreyii, » | sapasersyit (2dréstvuy] is the familiar form of ‘hello’ used with people you know well or with children L 8 UNITIPractice what you have learned The exercise below is to help you become accustomed to the various forms of greeting. Concentrate on listening and clearly distinguishing each one. Listen to the recording and see if you can match the voices to the pictures below. (Answers on page 20.) @ (ii) .. UNIT I 96) 3 Irina Anna Ivanovna Trina Anna Ivanovna Irina * 6) 4 Maria Dmitrievna Students Maria Dmitrievna Olya Maria Dmitrievna Lena Maria Dmitrievna Volodya Maria Dmitrievna Kolya Maria Dmitrievna Dialogues Irina introduces herself, then asks Anna Ivanovna her name Supéncryitre. Zdrastvuytye. apancrayiire. Zaristvuytye. Meus 30nyr pina. A kak pac sonyt? Minyé zavat Irina. A kak vas zavit? Mens 30ny7 Anna Mednopna. Minyé zavit Anna Ivanovna. ueHb TIpHsATHO. Ochin' priydtna. Meni 30nyr.... [minyd zavit...] my name is... (the Russian in fact means ‘they call me’). This would answer the question kak Bac 30? [kak vas zavUt?] ‘how do they call you?" ie. what is your name? ‘You may have noticed that in the word sony [zavat] the first vowel is not pronounced as it looks. It's not a mistake! In Russian 0 when not stressed sounds much closer to [a] than to [o]. (It's called ‘akanye'!) The a which begins Irina's question means ‘and’ in a contrastive sense, as in "That's my name. And (but) what's yours?” Maria Dmitrievna introduces herself to her new students Supasctpyiite, pe6sra! Zdrdstvuytye, ribydta! Sap4pcrpyiire! Zdrdstvuytye! Mens sony Mapita JImiirpnepna. — Minyd zaviit Marfa Dmitrievna. A kak Bac 30B9T? A kak vas zavit? Mens 30897 Ona. Minyé zavit Olya. A Te64 Kak 30ByT? A tibyd kak zavit? Mens sony JTéxa. Minyé zavat Lyéna. A Te68? A tibya? Mena sony Bonn. Minya zaviit Volédya, A Te64? A tibya? Meus — Kes. Mapuniire, a kak pac Minyd—Koélya. Izvinitye, a kak sonyr? vas zaviit? Mens 30897 Mapiia Jimiitpnesta. Minyd zaviit Marfa Dmitrievna. peGsra [ribysta] is an informal way of addressing a group of children or teenagers. Maria Dmitrievna has used aapamernyirre [zdristvuytye] because she is addressing a group (while the children use this form because she is their teacher!) Kak Te6A 3097? [kak tibyd zavit?] what is your name? You would use ‘TeGsi [tiby4] addressing a child. uanumitre [izvinitye] excuse me. More often than not you will hear uapunitre, noxdayiiera [izvinitye, pazhélsta] excuse me please. 10 UNITIPractice what you have learned6) 5 Misha Dima Anna Sergeevna 6 6) » 6 Tamara Pavel Tamara Pavel 7 Tamara Pavel Dialogues Misha wants his mother to meet a friend Mama, $to moii pyr. Mama, éta moy druk. Supascrayitre, Mex sont JIvima. Zdrdstvuytye, minyd zavdt Dima. Ouerb npusituo. Anna Cepréesta. — Ochin’ priydtna. Anna Sergéevna. $ro... (éta...| this (is)... Introducing somebody can be very simple in Russian. ‘You just need $ro... [éta...] and then a name or description of the person. To find out who somebody is, you ask kT0 Sto? [kto éta?] who is this? Moit apye [moy druk] my friend. If Misha’s friend was a woman, he would say To Mos noupyra [éta mayé padriga). Note that moa [moy] is used talking about a man and moa. [mays] about a woman. Remember what was said above about 0 when not stressed. When written down, moi and mos are obviously closely related, unlike their transliterated versions! Tamara asks Pavel his last name and where he's from Tiéven, kak méuua cpamimust? Pavel, kak vasha familiya? Mod cbamriaina ~ Bennuéuko. Mayé famfliya — Velichénko. Bui pyecknii? Vi riissky? Her, # yxpafinent. So Nyet, ya ukrayinets, Eta yepafiickas cbarismns. ukrayinskaya familiya, kak sia cbamiuma? [kak vasha familiya?] what is your last name? ®aminna [familiya] may not be a person, but it is a feminine noun (see the grammar section on page 17). Bot pyecKwit? [vi rissky?] are you Russian? ner, # ykpafmen. (nyet, ya ukrayinets] no, I'm Ukrainian, If he was Russian, he would answer: a, # pycexmit (da, ya nissky]. A few more nationalities: auramudunn [anglichénin] Englishman, anranuauxa [anglichénka] Englishwoman; cppamuys [frantstis] Frenchman, dppauuyaxenka [frantsizhinka] Frenchwoman; amepuxanen [amerikényets] American (male), amepuxanxa [amerikénka] American (female); uémen [nyémets] German (male), wémxa [nyémka] German (female). $r0 ykpaiiekas chamiiaua [éta ukrayinskaya famfliya] it's a Ukrainian last name. At the end of an evening To cennénus, Minen. Da svidénya, Pavel. To cennénns. Beers pam 166poro. Da svidénya. Fsivé vam dobrava. Beer6 Bam 260poro [fsiv6 vam débrava] all the best. no cpuaduns [da svidénya] goodbye (lit. ‘until our next meeting’) 12 UNITIPractice what you have learned Tanya is in a very cosmopolitan hotel. Can you work out the nationalities of the people she speaks to? (Answers on page 20.) @ (ii). (ii (iv) (a) anramuauxa [anglichinka) (b) pyeeknit [russky] (c) wraapana [ital’'yanka) (d) dpanuys [frantstis) This time listen for the professions of each of the four people. (Answers on page 20.) (i) Sergei (i) Tanya iii) Pavel (iv) Larisa (a) Matemarnx [matimétik] (b) eryséwr [studyént] (©) Kypuanierka [zhumalistka] (d) erynéwrka [studyéntka] (c) xkonomier [ekanamist] UNITI 13Key words and phrases Here are the words and phrases you have met so far. Do make sure you're confident with them before going further. The best way to learn them, we think, is to say them aloud as often as possible. The transliterated forms are as close as we could get to the Russian, but you should listen to how they sound on the recording, paying particular attention to where the stress falls This can make an enormous difference to how a word is pronounced and spelled. 3apanersyitre [zdrdstvuytye] hello aupasersyit [zdrastvuy] hello (to a friend, or child) 6Gpsiit Aen [ddbry dyen'] good day n66poe §rpo [dobraye titra) 200d morning NOGpwiit weep [ddbry vyécher] good evening kak nac a0nf1? (kak vas zaviit?] what is your name? Kak Te6a 308f7? (kak tibyd zavit?] what is your name? (to a child) Meus aonyr... [minyé zavit..] my name is... Guens npasirno [6chin' priystna) pleased to meet you napuniire (noxkasyiicra) excuse me (please) [izvinitye (pazhélsta)] $ro... [éta...] this is... / itis... Moit apyr {moy druk} my friend (male) Moa noapgra [mayé padriiga] my friend (female) Kak péimra chains? what is your last name? [kak vasha famfliya?) Moa chamriums... [mayd famifliya...] my last nameis... Bhi peck? [vi rissky?] are you Russian? a, # pyeckmit (da, ya risky] yes, Iam Russian Her, # ykpaiien [nyet, ya ukrayinets] no, I'm Ukrainian $10 ykpatuickas chamanst it's a Ukrainian name [éta ukrayinskaya famfliya} a OnsHeemén [ya biznismyén] Tam a businessman Ho causauns [da svidénya] goodbye 14 UNITIThe Russian alphabet ‘The Cyrillic alphabet is named in honour of St. Cyril (in Russian Kyril), 9th-century Macedonian monk, who, with his brother St. Methodius, is credited with creating a writing system for the Slavonic languages. The two monks worked as missionaries, bringing Christianity to Slavs outside the Byzantine empire, and an alphabet was required to translate liturgical books and the Bible into Slavonic. Two original writing systems are known to have existed and whether in fact Cyril and Methodius' alphabet is the one we now call 'Cyrillic' is a matter of some conjecture among scholars. The alphabet which developed into present Cyrillic shares many letters with the Greek and Latin scripts. Among its 33 letters there are, however, some which are quite different. You may find it useful to practice writing them out (try your name, and your friends’ names!). Try also to follow as much as possible of the dialogues in Cyrillic, though there will be a transliterated version for the first five units while the alphabet is being introduced. Beside each letter you will find the character, or characters, in Latin script which most closely correspond. They will seldom correspond entirely, so listen to Andrei as he pronounces the Russian letters. There are five letters in Russian which need no introduction: a {as in car] K (k) M [m] ° [asin wore] T t One letter is almost the same: (2) Some letters are deceptively familiar: [yeas in yer] Wl [n] [s] i [00 as in boom } «uemee ‘And then there's st [ya] — an extremely important letter to remember since it can also mean or ‘Tam’ in Russian. Can you recognize these words? TAKT KOCMOC TPAKTOP MOCKBA HET PECTOPAH TEATP. KOCMOHABT BA3A METPO. HOMEP OPKECTP TOCT ATAKA UNITI 156) Now listen to Andrei as he reads the letters aloud. You will notice that some letters, in particular 0, do not always sound as they look. Mostly this is a question of stress, but we will explain particular discrepancies along the way. ‘Try writing the words printed at the bottom of page 15. If you feel confident with those, sce if you can fill in the missing letters in the next exercise. KaK B..€0,...§7? what is your name? en..... 30897 B.....pa my name is Vera Bor pe... Topéit here is a restaurant nor Cé, here is Syéva (a man’s name) bor Mer.....6 here is the metro (subway) MO. sos Misa p§cekast my mother is Russian And now a little passage to read through. —Kax nae 30nf1? — Mens song Bépa. —A kak pac song? — Mensa song Céna, Would you be able to write down the reply if the people's names were Anna and Zoya? What about Olya and Vanya? Svyéta and Katya? (You Il find the names in Cyrillic upside down at the bottom of the page.) wavy ‘ea wuBg “BQ “woR eHHY 16 UNITIGrammar ‘One can talk about Russian grammar a lot, some people do it endlessly! However you can communicate in Russian without knowing all the ‘rules’ and we have therefore kept discussion of complexities to a minimum. The notes here and in the following units will give you the basic structure of the language. They will help you to understand and build on what you hear in each lesson. Please don’t worry if something baffles you, or if you can’t remember it all, You can leave it, and still understand the unit. You'll probably find later that you can’t remember why you were confused! Grammar should be an aid, a tool in learning Russian, Remember though that very few grammatical mistakes will be serious enough to prevent you from being understood. Nouns In Russian nouns have a gender ~ masculine, feminine or neuter. Sometimes the choice will seem obvious — manta [mama] can hardly be anything but feminine! More often, however, there seems to be no reason, good or otherwise, for the gender of a particular noun. Fortunately in Russian the gender is normally clear from the ending of a noun. Masculine nouns most often end in a consonant: apyr (druk] a male friend Feminine nouns usually end in -a or -s noapyra [padniga] female friend cpamaiiins [famfliya] last name Neuter nouns end in -0 or -e: Buné [vind] wine We will leave neuter nouns for the moment since they don't crop up so often. The reason for mentioning anything about gender is that any word describing a noun has to ‘agree’ with it. Mot apyr (moy druk] my (male) friend Moa uoupyra [maya padriiga] my (female) friend Any word describing a noun changes, for example: ykparinekas cpammana [ukrayinskaya familia] a Ukrainian last name You could have yxpasinekwit apyr (ukrayinsky druk] and yxpainexas noapyra [ukrayinskaya padriga] If that seems complicated, it may be some consolation that you now know enough to construct full Russian sentences. The verb 'to be’ (am, ‘you are’, etc.) is not used in Russian, To say that he is Ukrainian, Pavel simply uses the word for'I' ~ » [ya] (not capitalized in Russian) and yxpamuen ukrayinets). And a statement can be made into a question by simply changing one's intonation (‘putting a question in the voice’): Sro ykpaiuckas cbamiums? [Eta ukrayinskaya familiya?) Is it a Ukrainian name? Ha, vo ykpasuckas cbamiians. (Da, éta ukrayinskaya famfliya.] Yes, it is'a Ukrainian name. UNITI 0Did you know? The polite way of addressing somebody older or whom you don’t know very well is by name and patronymic. The patronymic is formed from one’s father’s name with different endings for a man or woman. In the dialogues you met Anna Sergeevna. Sergeevna indicates that she is ‘the daughter of Sergei’. Her brother Nikolai would be Nikolai Sergeevich. There are titles like our Mr’ or 'Mrs' in Russian. However, these have traditionally been used when addressing foreigners. Other titles, some in ‘common usage before the 1917 revolution, are beginning to reappear, but it is too early to judge whether these will endure. You will probably have noticed that the patronymic is not always used. It would not be used in addressing a child or young adult, and probably only used on formal occasions about a person in his or her 20s or 30s. Instead the first name only, or, more probably, a shortened form, is used (Katya for example is the short form of Yekaterina). Itall depends very much on the situation and on how well you know a person. This may not be of great comfort to beginners, but in fact you shouldn't have much problem. Listen to how a person introduces him or herself. And if you can’t make it out the first time, you can always ask them agai Hopunitre, noxdayitera, Kak Bac 200} Sorry, what is your name? * izvinitye, pazhélsta, kak vas zavit?] Oandypa JOpun Hukoracbut Bamecturens rnasnoro penaKropa razerbi «MocKoBcKNe MOmOCTH® Mocksa, Twepexas ya, 16/2 29-82-18 Yuri BANDOURA Deputy Editor-in-Chief “Moscow News” newspaper 16/2 Tverskaya St., Moscow tel: 229-82-18 18 UNITIWomen's names Men's names Have you ever tried reading a Russian novel and had the strange sensation ing before your eyes? They're not! Since it is not always easy to match up a name with its short form, here are some of the that characters are multip! more common Russian names. Full name Short form Yeléna Lyéna Natilya Natisha Ol'ga Olya Irina fra Anna Anya Svetlina Svyéta Sergéi Seryézha Aleksé Alyésha Aleksindr Sésha Vladimir Volédya Ivan Vanya This is by no means a definitive list. A name may have a number of possible short forms, as well as other forms used for expressing affection, etc. (Lyénachka, Natdshenka and many more). KHCHH Bopue Muxainopn4 Kandudar rexnuueckux way Mocxna, 119034 Ten. 233-46-81 Xwaxon nepey0x; 1/2 203-05-40 BOI Cand., 1/2 Hilkov Lane, Moscow 119034 = Research Complex “Textile )RIS M. KISIN Sc.(Technology) ‘Tel, 233-46-81 203-05-40 UNIT 1Practice what you have learned Your turn to speak The last exercise in this unit will give you a chance to practice what you have learned. You will need the following phrases: [minyé zavi...) [vi nissky?] sta, pyeexuit [da, ya rissky) 4r0 Molt apyr [éta moy druk] Sto Moa mama [éta mayé mama] kak nac anf? [kak vas zaviit?] Gwen» mpnitrno [6chin' priystna] Moa cbamiums.... [mayé familiya...] # Onsnecmén [ya biznismyén] Now close your book and listen to Andrei’s prompts. Remember you can always go back and listen again if it seems difficult the first time. Answers Exercise (ia (ii)d (ili)e (iv) Exercise2 (i) (iia (iii)b (iv) d Exercise3 (i) b (iia (iii) d (ive Exercise4 (i) b (ii) (iiie (ivya 20 UNITIYou will learn to talk about members of the family to talk about where you live and where you work to use numbers up to 20 ‘one or two crucial phrases for beginners and you will be given an introduction to Russia and the Russian Federation Before you begin As in Unit 1, use the Study guide below to check your progress. Study guide Dialogues 1, 2: listen without the book jalogues 1, 2: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 3-S: listen without the book Dialogues 3-5: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 6-8: listen without the book Dialogues 6-8: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Study the Key words and phrases Read and practice writing the Alphabet Study the Grammar section carefully Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNIT2 216) 1 dra Anna Ivanovna dra Anna Ivanovna 6) 2 Maria Dmitrievna Olya Maria Dmitrievna Olya Dialogues Ira asks Anna Ivanovna about her family Ckaxxrine, y Bac ect cembi? — Skazhitye, uvas yest’ simy4? Tla, 9 3émyKeM. Da, ya zémuzhim. ‘A nérn y pac ects? A dyéti uvas yest"? Y mend ect 164Ka. Uminyé yest’ déchka. exaxtire (noxdnyiiera) [skazhitye (pazhélsta)] tell me (please) Y Bac ect cembi? [uvas yest’ simyd?] do you have a family? There isn't a common verb ‘to have’ in Russian, ¥ nac ects...? [uvés yest’..?] literally means ‘with you is there...2". The reply will often begin 1a, y MeHA €CTb.w Ida, uminyé yest’..] yes, Ihave... na, 8 3myaem (da, ya zimuzhim] yes, I'm married. This is what a woman would say. A man says a akewd'r [ya zhindt]. You can say you're not married by putting we [nye] before the appropriate word: # neaamy2KeMm. {ya nyezémuzhim] (unmarried woman); # we kena [ya nye zhindt] (unmarried man). For a man the ne [nye] is written separately. aérn y Bac ects? [dyéti uv4s yest"?] do you have children? There are no strict rules regarding word order in Russian, y Meuéi eer 64Ka [uminyé yest’ déchka] I have a daughter. A more formal word for ‘daughter’ is youn [doch]. And if Anna Ivanovna had a son she would say: y Meus ecb chix [uminyé yest’ sin] [have a son Maria Dmitrievna asks whether Olya has a brother or sister Ona, y TeO4 ects Spar rian cecrpa? —_Olya, utiby4 yest’ brat ili sistré? Y mens ect 6par. Uminyé yest’ brat. A Kak er6 s0nyt? A kak yiv6 zaviit? Tina. Dima. umn [ili] or y Te6A ecrs Gpar Ham cecrpa? [utibya yest’ brat fli sistra?] do you have a brother or sister? ¥ Te64 ecrs...? [utibya yest’..?] is used instead of y pac ects...? [uvas yest’..?] when asking a child or somebody you know well kax er6 song? [kak yivé zaviit?] what is his name? If Olya had a sister, the question would be Kak e@ 3on/r? [kak yiy6 zavit?] what is her name? 22. ~UNIT2Practice what you have learned Before each exercise, read the instructions and then tum on the recording. On your recording you will hear five snatches of conversation. Listen to them and decide whether the following statements are true or false. (Answers on page 34.) (i) Ivanis married (ii) Tanya is married (ii) Musya has a daughter (iv) Boris Alekseevich’s daughter is called Natasha (v)__ Masha's sister is called Sonya Mila is asking a man, Ivan Antonovich, and a young girl, Tanya about their families. Listen to the dialogues first with your book closed, then again, following the text. Using your pause button, fill in the gaps. The words omitted are listed in the box below but they're not in order. (Answers on page 34.) Madu Aurononny, y ac ecth cembsi? (i) Mla, a. A nérn ects? (ii) ¥ mena eer A Kak e8 [yiy6] 308f7? (iii) Eé {yiy6) ... aa [Olya] She then chats with a young girl, Tanya. Tans, y Te64 ects Gpar iam [ili] ceerpa? (iv) Y mena... . Opar. (a) ects [yest'] (b) xendr [zhinat] (c) 308fr [zaviit] (d) n64p [déch) (The unfamiliar letters in these words are in the Alphabet section on page 29.) UNIT2 236 3 Anna Sergeevna Sergei Mikhailovich ‘Anna Sergeevna Sergei Mikhailovich 6) 4 Lyena Tamara 6) s Tamara Lyena Tamara Lyena Dialogues Anna Sergeevna asks Sergei Mikhailovich what his profession is Tpocritre, a kT0 sb Prastitye, a kto vi To crenastsHocTH? paspitsyél'nasti? A pundaor. Ya fildlag. Arrue Bbi paGéraete? A gdye vi rabétaitye? B nanéremcrse Conérexas Vizdatil'stvye Savyétskaya HUHK NONE MHS. intsiklapédiya, «bunéaor [fildlag] linguist Buanatensetse Conérekan sunux.ronénns (vizdatil’stvye Savyétskaya intsiklapédiya] for the publishers of Soviet Encyclopedia mpocrare [prastitye] excuse me. This word, like wanuuire [izvinitye], can be used to mean ‘sorry’ or simply to prepare the way for a question. KTo BbI M0 chennatoHOcTH? [kto vi paspitsyél'nasti?] what is your profession? Or, broken down: Ko bi? [kto vi?] who are you? no ‘cnennéxsnoctn [paspitsy4l'nasti] by profession. re Bbi paGéraere? [gdye vi rabstaitye?] where do you work? Verbs in Russian have different endings depending upon who is doing the action. If Sergei Mikhailovich had answered with a full sentence, it would have begun: 4 pad6raw [ya rabdtayu] I work. (You will find more about these verbs on page 119.) And what is Tamara’s profession? Ckaxzire, KTO abi 110 crenHdmsHocTH? Skazhitye, kto vi paspitsyél'nasti? 5A 10 crienmdisHocrH HHEKeHE, Ya paspitsyal'nasti inzhinéer, pabsraio Ha 3an6i1. rabotayu na zavodye. uwaKenép [inzhinéer] engineer (used for both men and women) na sande [na zavédyel in a factory paG6ravo [rabotayu] I work. 1 [ya] (I) is often omitted since the ending makes it clear who is doing the action. Tamara asks Lyena what her husband does Ckaxrire, a kro no cHeumimHoctH — Skazhitye, a kto paspitsyal'nasti Baitt My? vash mush? Tesdrnnx. Pichatnik. On padsraer p runorpacpun? On rabétayit ftipagrafiyi? Ha. Da. neudrnux [pichétnik] printer B-THnorpacan [ftipagréfiyi) at a printing press KTO No clleuMa.tbHOCTH Bain My2k? [kto paspitsyAlnasti vash mush?] what is your husband's profession or job? To find out from a man about his wife's profession, you would ask: KTO NO CHeNMABHOCTH Béla *eHA? (kto paspitsyél'nasti vasha zhind?). on paG6raer B THHOrpacbun? [on rabstayit ftipagréfiyi?] does he work at a printing press? If we were talking about a woman, the verb would be the same, but the pronoun would change: oma paGGraer [and rab6tayit] she works. 24 ~UNIT2Practice what you have learned As before, read the instructions for each particular exercise before you turn on the recording. > 3 > iyaasks Darya Ivanovna what she and members of her family do for a living. Listen to the interview and then try matching up the people and their jobs. (Answers on page 34.) (i) Daryalvanovna (a) _ physicist Gi) husband (b) journalist (iii) daughter (©) linguist (iv) son (@) engineer ey Some people are asked where they work, Listen carefully, then look at the pictures and see if you can name the person in each scene. Their names are given in the box below. (Answers on page 34.) (i) Kr0? [kto?] PECTOPAH (ii) wr0? [kto?] YHMBEPCHTET (iii) xr0? SABO [kto?] KOHCEPBATOPHA (iv) w10? [kto? MHCTHTYT (v) Ko? [kto?] (a) Tawa (b) Baxrop (c) Kona (d) Anna (e) Anna UNIT2 (252 6 Tanya Boris Mikhailovich Tanya Boris Mikhailovich 6) 7 Boris Mikhailovich Dialogues Tanya wants to know where Boris Mikhailovich lives Vssuniite, Bopiic Muxdiinopny, Izvinitye, Boris Mikhailovich arse abi xHnére? a gdye vi zhivydtye? Ha Ocréxenke. Na Astézhinkye. Sto saneKs or uéurpa? Eta dalik6 ot tséntra? Henanex6. Nidaliko. ua Ocréxeuxe [na Ast6zhinkye] on Ostozhinka street rae Bot auBére? [gdye vi zhivyétye?] where do you live? a xuby... [ya zhivi...] I live... $10 naaex6 or uéurpa? [éta dalik6 ot tséntra?] is that far from the center? In| Russian one can often form the opposite by prefixing the word with me-[nye-], thus Boris Mikhailovich answers wenasex6 [nidalik6] not far, Boris Mikhailovich gives Tanya his work and home phone numbers. Can you write them in numerals? Sanuuitire Moi tener: nea Hom Zapishitye moy tilif6n: dva nol’ ‘pH, deTvipe TPH, lect ces. A Ha tri, chityrye tri, shest’ syem’. A na paGére: TpH iar TpH, nT 1117, rabdtye: tri pyat’ tri, pyat’ pyat’, tect» Bécemb. shest’ vésim’. 3annunire Moi Teaetbou [zapishitye moy tilifon] take down my telephone number a paGére [na rabétye] at work ‘Numbers up to ten are: ‘onan [adin}, onma [adné], onm6 [adn6] nec [shest’] apa (dva] emt [syem’] ‘rps [tri] Bocems [vGsim’] uereipe [chityrye] néparh [dyévit'} nate [pyat’] néesrb (dyésit’] You will also hear wom [no!'] zero, though this is not included when counting. ‘oan [adin] is used if the noun referred to is masculine, oama [adnd) if it is feminine and on6 [adn6] if neuter. The numbers from 10 to 19 are easy to learn since you really just add -HaguaT® [natsat'] to the numbers above: oumnanuars [adinnatsat') mectuaanars [shisndtsat’) apendauars [dvindtsat’] cemnamuars [simnétsat'] ‘Tpundauars [trindtsat') Bocemndanare [vosimnatsat’] ueréipwaguars [chitymatsat’] Hess THamnat [divitndtsat’] narHaauare, [pitndtsat’} and 20 is: asaauars [dvdtsat'] Now tum on the recording and follow in your book as Andrei reads the numbers aloud. 26 UNIT2() Ira Passer-by Ira is looking for the nearest subway station Vapuniire, noxkduylicra, rie suech Izvinitye, pazhalsta, edye zdyes’ cranium MeTp6? sténtsiya mitr6? A 64eHD M16x0 ronopi no-pycckH. Ya échin’ plékha gavaryéi panisski. Tonoprire mésu1eHsHo. Gavaritye myédlinna. auecs [zdyes'] here, in the vicinity 3 O4eHS 1.16x0 FonOprO Hio-pyecKH [ya Schin’ pldkha gavarya parisski] I speak Russian very badly Other languages will be formed in the same way: no-anrsvaiickH [pa-angléeski] I speak English a ronopio [ya gavaryti] { no-cppanuyacku [pafrantstiski] I speak French no-weméuxu [panimyétski] I speak German You may want to say ‘I speak only a little Russian’ T6.1»KO HeMH6ro rosopio no-pycckn [ya t6l'ka nimndga gavaryd parisski} rosopitre ménenno [gavaritye myédlinna] speak slowly Practice what you have learned Participants in a folk concert in Moscow are asked where they live. Listen to their answers on your recording, then match the names below with the places. (Answers on page 34.) (i) Tans; (ii) Tapa; (iii) Mapiia; (iv) Onéce; (v) Hina (a) 8 Mitnexe; (b) 8 Mockné; (c) 8 Kitene; (d) Béne; (c) » Bonne Masha finds it easiest to add up aloud. Listen to the recording, then fill in the missing numbers. (Answers on page 34.) () apa (dva] + onan [adin (ii) cems [syem'] +. = nénnre (dyévit'] Gili) oan [adin] + rpe [tri] + rpm [tri] = (iv) .. + ces [syem'] = nécare [dyésit’] (vy) nénsre [dyévit'} + uinamnare (adinnatsat'] (vi) Bécemm [vésim'] + = népars [dyévit}] In this exercise, you take the role of a Ukrainian, Oksana. You live in Kiev, and, yes, you do speak Russian, but your English is pretty bad. You will need to use: Kung [ya zhivd] ‘a ronopio [ya gavarysi] UNIT2 27Key words and phrases exaxiire [skazhitye] yopac ecth...? [uvas yest’..2] Y TeGA ecrb...? (utibyd yest’. 4 y mens ecrs... [uminyd yest’ aéru [dyéti] a64Ka / 048 (déchka / doch] coin [sin] 6par [brat] ceerpa [sistré] umm [ii] aamyacem [z4muzhim] send [zhinat] aK er6 30891? [kak yiv6 zav kax e& sonfr? [kak yiy6 zavit? KTo BB No cnenmasbnocTH? {kto vi paspitsyal'nasti’ #/ oma mioxenép [ya / and inzhinéer] x / 04 cbusi6aior [ya / on fildlag] tell me do you have...? (formal or plural) do you have...? (to a child or friend) Thave.. children a daughter ason a brother asister or married (woman's form) married (man's form) what is his name? what is her name? what is your profession? T am/she is an engineer Tamy/he is a linguist rae Boi paGoraere? [gdye vi rab6taitye?] where do you work? a padéraio [ya rabétayu) bt pa6éraere [vi rabétaitye] Iwork you work on/ond paG6raer... [on/and rabstayit...] he/she works... na 3ap6xe [na zavédye] n uandrexserne [vizdatil'stvye] rae psi KuBére? [gdye vi zhivydtye?] a -xupg [ya zhivi] ananex6 or néurpa [dalik6 ot tséntra] rae aitece... [gdye zdyes’...] cranuna merp6? [stantsiya mitr6?] 5 OeHS 1L16x0 rovopro nlo-pfccKH {ya échin’ plokha gavaryd parisski} 8. T6.1bKO HeMHOrO POBOPIO.. {ya t6l’ka nimnéga gavaryi...] bi rowoprire H0-pycckH? {vi gavaritye pardsski?] aronopio.... [ya gavaryt...] no-aurmmitekn [pa-angléeski] no-«ppanngacKn [pafrants no-neméuxu [panimyétski ronopitre MéneHHo [gavaritye myédlinna] ki] in a factory in a publishing company where do you live? live far from the centre where around here is there... a subway station? I speak Russian very badly Tonly speak a little. do you speak Russian? German speak slowly ‘You'll find the numbers from 1 to 20 in the notes to dialogue 7. 28 UNIT2The Russian alphabet In this unit you will practice reading and writing the letters that you already know and you will learn five new ones. The transliteration should help with pronunciation, but let Andrei guide you. If you can glance over the alphabet even for just a few minutes every day, you'll find that apparently formidable letters soon become familiar. ‘The new letters are: * [2h as in vision, pleasure] a (d] " [ilee as in meet] w {ch} b (') ‘soft sign’ ‘This last letter doesn't have a sound on its own. Instead it makes the consonant before it ‘soft’. If this means nothing to you, listen to Andrei and try to follow the way he pronounces the following two words: Téroas [Gégol’] a famous writer rox [gol] a goal in sports Can you recognize the following cities and countries? KMEB MAIIPIIL AMCTEPILAM MMHCK EPEBAH HAMACK ABCTPHSL YKPAMHA HHOMA Which word is out of place in each horizontal list? (Answers on page 34.) BOJIKA BACKH ATA BHHO TEATP KHOCK KHHOTEATP == JIMCKOTEKA TEHHMC —-TAKCH CTAMOH MATS As in Unit 1, try writing out all the words above. A little geography with your Russian! The following lists of cities and countries have been jumbled up. Can you link up each city with its country? Only names with letters you haven't met are transliterated, (Answers on page 34.) (Kaew (a) Mendnms (Ispanya] Mocks (b) Aserpus (ii) Epesin (©) Apménust (iv) Mune (@) Yxpaiua (vy) Mapa (©) Pocenia (vi) Béna (0) Bexapyee (Byelaris'] UNIT2LO Look at the fotiowing pictures and then write out the name of the thing in the space provided. All the words are jumbled in the box below. (Answers on page 34.) AD ssctastacnsries i (i) rake — (ii) KMéex (iii) amexoréxa (iv) craanéu (v) Kunoredrp (vi) uk6ua 30: UNIT2i Grammar In Unit 1 you saw how words that describe a noun change. This is not all! The noun itself has different endings depending on its role in the sentence, or which preposition it follows. In this unit you will see different endings after [v] and a [na] meaning ‘in’, ‘at’, ‘on’. Before we look at these endings, a word of advice: you should be aware of these endings, but do not let them inhibit you. A wrong ending will rarely prevent you from being understood, and indeed when you listen to people speaking, you may not even be able to hear the ending. If you ask where something is re...? [gdye ....?], the answer is likel begin with the preposition w [v] or na [na]. There are rules as to when w is used, and when wa, but there are also a bewildering number of exceptions! Whichever preposition is used, the ending of the noun will change, normally ending in -e, to Bor Kien, A xuny w Kitese. [Vot Kiev. Ya zhivi fKievye] Here is Kiev. I live in Kiev. Bor Moca. 11 uBy 8 Mocksé. [Vot Maskva. Ya zhivt vMaskvyé] Here is Moscow. I live in Moscow. As you see, before some consonants is pronounced [f]. This is simply because it is impossible to pronounce it as [v]! Here is a list of people along with the cities they live in. Using the first sentence as an example, write down what the other people would say. (Answers on page 34.) Tana Mock sKMBY B MocKné (Tom Manuécrep Gi) Aw Bena (ii) Mapia = Maapaa (iv) Bixrop Epeniu (vy) Anna Munck. keoclieetpesaus none Sas 10 s“~ 10 UNIT2 3112 Can you answer the question next to each picture? The words are listed in the box below, but you'll need to change the endings. (Answers on page 34.) (i) rae Cons? (i) rae Hwan? (iii) rae Parva? WUE Biscirsminnersie (iv) rie Sapiea? pecropéu Gap_—sTearp —-yuumepewrér =—sacxoréxa 32. ~UNIT2Did you know? Russia Since the time of Peter the Great, Russian writers and intellectuals have debated Russia’s place in the world: is it part of Europe, part of Asia, or does it have a role peculiarly its own? We will not attempt to find an answer here, but it is easy to understand how the question might arise. The Russian Federation’s huge territory spans two continents, extending from the Black Sea to the Pacific Ocean, and from Murmansk in the far North to Irkutsk near the Chinese border. Russia's population in 1989 was 145 million. Some 80 per cent are Russians. These, like their neighbors the Ukrainians and Byelorussians, are Eastern Slavs. They trace their common roots to Kievan Rus’, which flourished and grew from about AD 900 to AD 1240. Kiev is now the capital of Ukraine, while Russia's capital is Moscow. There are also a large number of non-Slavic national minorities Russian Federation. Some of these have ‘autonomous republic’ or ‘autonomous region’ status. During the Soviet period (1917-1991), this autonomy remained largely on paper. With the break-up of the Soviet Union, calls for greater independence have been heard from many ethnic groups. jin the Russia and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) ‘There has long been a tendency to treat these two terms as interchangeable. This is quite misleading. Within the Soviet Union the Russian Federal Republic (RSFSR) was the biggest of fifteen republics: the others were Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tadzhikistan and Kirgistan, After the failed coup of 1991, the Russian Federal Republic was among the first to declare independence from the Soviet Union and one of the most instrumental in bringing about the latter's demise. The fairly widespread assumption that the Russian Federation is the ‘heir apparent! to the Soviet regime has led to resentment in many of the other republics. Throughout the Soviet period the Russian language was spoken in all the republics. At one stage this was the language for ‘getting ahead’, and in many republics it was difficult to find a school which taught in the native language. While this has now changed, itis probable that Russian will remain a lingua franca in a large number of the republics. In an attempt to create a new 'Soviet man’, the Soviet authorities ‘encouraged people to settle in other republics. Under Stalin vast numbers of people, indeed whole nationalities, were sent into exile or forcibly resettled. Asa result, in all the republics of the former USSR there are a considerable number of Russians and other national minorities. While some have integrated fully, others have not and are increasingly expressing dissatisfaction with their status in the newly independent countries. UNIT2 33Cdn 6) 4 Practice what you have learned Alphabet Grammar Your turn to speak In the first exercise, you will be asking Aleksandr Nikolaevich some questions. You will be using: y Yy Bac ecTb..? [uvas yest” kak er6 30nfr? [kak yivé zavit?] This time you will be playing the role of Anna Sergeevna, a physicist who lives in Moscow and works in an institute, You will need the words: bits. [Fizik] a pa6érao [ya rabotayu] uueruryr [institat) a xub§ [ya zhivd] Answers Exercise 1 (i) true (ii) false (iii) false (has a son) (iv) true (y) false (Ira) Exercise2 (ib (ii)d (iii)¢ (iva Exercise3 (i)b (ii)¢ iii)d (iva Exercise 4 (i)c (ii)d (iii)b (iv)a (vye Exercise 5 (i)b (ii)e (iii)e (iv)a (v)d Exercise 6 (i) rpx [tri] (ii) 8a [dva] (iii) cem» [syem'] (iv) rpu [tri] (v) pa [dva] (vi) onvin [adin] Exercise 8 The out of place words are JATA, KAOCK, TAKCH. Exercise9 (id (ii)e (iii)e Gv) f (ya (vib Exercise 10 (a) iii (b)i (c)iv (d) vi (ii (Dv Exercise 11 (i) » Manuécrepe (ii) » Béne (iii) » Manprine (iv) p Epepane (v) p Mrinicxe Exercise 12 (i) 8 pecropane (ii) 8 Gépe (iii) 8 re&tpe (iv) B ynpepenTére (v) Ha aUcKOTéKe 34 UNIT2A hotel lobby ASKING FOR AND RECEING INFORMATION You will learn to check in at a hotel to ask if there is a room free and how much it will cost how to go about changing money some useful phrases when seeking information and you will read about travel to Russia = A i —— Aes Study guide Dialogues 1, 2: listen without the book Dialogues 1, 2: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogue 3: listen without the book Dialogue 3: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogue 4: listen without the book Dialogue 4: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Study the Key words and phrases ing the Alphabet Read and practice wi Study the Grammar section carefully Read Di you know’ Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNIT3 356) 1 Tanya Receptionist Tanya Receptionist Tanya Receptionist Tanya 6) 2 Tanya Receptionist Tanya Receptionist Tanya Dialogues Tanya is checking in at her hotel upascreyitre. 3npancreyitre. JLns Mena 3a6pouriponan Hémep. Baia bamtiuins, noxdyiicra. Tlerpéna. Bor moii riacnopr. Craci6o. Onay munyrouxy... Bart HOMep Ha slecstto 9Taxxé, Bor Zdrastvuytye. Zardstvuytye. Diya minyé zabronfravan némir. Vésha familiya, pazhdlsta. Petréva. Vot moy pasport. Spastba, Adni minttachku... Vash n6mir na disyétam etazhé. Vot vésha vizitnaya kértachka. Spasiba. pda puaiiTHas KaprouKa. Cnrachi6o. ‘onny Munyrouxy (adni mindtachku] just a minute busitTHax Kaprouka [Vizitnaya kértachka] guest's card suit Mens 3a6pourpowan HOmep [dlya minyd zabronfravan némir] I have a room booked sor [vot] here (is) ~ the word to use when you're handing something over. Ha necéTom 9raxé [na disyétam etazhé] on the tenth floor. Other useful floors to know: ua népsom 9raxé [na pyérvam etazhé] on the first floor a Brop6M sraxé [na ftarém etazhé] on the second floor na Tpérbem yraxé [na tryétyem etazhé] on the third floor By the way, Russians do not talk about the ‘ground floor’, The first floor is the floor at ground level. enaciiGo [spastba] thank you Where can she get the key? Skazhitye, pazhdista, gdye mézhna paluchit’ klyuch? Ckaxcire, noxdaylicra, rie MO2KHO Tony 4fiTb KI104? Kiniou MOxkHo nonyuttrs Klyuch mézhna paluchit’ y ex YpHoli no stay). udizhtimy pa-etazhi, A rue y pac muepr? A gdye uvis leeft? Bor ciod, noxkdnyiiera, Vot syudé, pazhdlsta. Cnach6o. Spastba. Y aexKYpHon no 9raxF [udizhirny pa-etazhd] from the woman on duty on your floor ‘ciod [syudd] here, this way rae MéxkHO HonyaiTs KI04? [dye mézhna paluchit’ Klyuch?] where can I pick up the key? rue y Bac amepr? [gdye uvds leeft?] where is the elevator here? [uvés} is often used in Russian where other languages say ‘in your hotel, house, country, etc’. It also sounds less abrupt to ask re y nae...” [gdye uvds...?] than simply rae...? [gdye.. 36 UNIT3Practice what you have learned As before, read the instructions for each exercise before turning on the recording, ‘Three visitors to a hotel write their names on their luggage but forget to write which floor they are on. Listen to the recording and see whether you can fill in the missing numbers. (Answers on page 46.) On your recording you will hear our hotel guests asking where various places are. Write down the correct floor for each. You will find the possible floors listed in the box below. (Answers on page 46.) Where is your restaurant? (ma [na] ‘Where is the telephone? (ii) ma [na] ... ‘Where is the discotheque? (ii) a [na] .. na népnom 9raxwé [na pyérvam etazhé] na prop6m sraxé [na ftarém etazhé] na Tpérbem 9raxé [na tryétyem etazhé] UNIT3 (376) 3 Man Receptionist Man Receptionist Man Receptionist Man Receptionist Dialogues The man next to Tanya doesn't have a reservation Ckaxtire, noxkdnyficra, y nac ects Skazhitye, pazhélsta, uvés yest’ cBo66sHbIe HoMepd Ha cer6His? —_svabédniye namira na sivédnya? Bam nyxen HOMep Ha onHor6? —-Vam nizhin némir na adnavé? Her, Mue HY:keH HOmep Ha aporix. Nyet, mnye néizhin némir na dvayikh. Ha cxémbxo aneii? Na sk6l'ka dnyey? Ha 1pu aus. Natri dnya. Onny munytoury.... Ja, y Hac ects Adnd minttachku.... Da, unds yest’ HoMepA. namira. Ckaxxtite, noxkdnylicra, ck6bK0 — Skazhitye, pazhdlsta, sk6l'ka st6it créuT HOMep B CYTKH? némir fstitki? H6mep cT6ut cTo 1B4 aT Nomir stdit sto dvatsat’ déllaraf. a6iapon. To BAmMaTs AGanapos [sto dvétsat’ déllaraf] 120 dollars 'y Bac ECT cBoOGauBIe HoMepA? [uvds yest’ svabGdniye namira?] do you hhave any vacant rooms? na ceréuna [na sivédnya] for today. Ha [na] is often used to mean ‘for’, particularly with reservations. If the man had wanted a room for tomorrow he would have said wa a4mrpa [na zéftra]. Bam wf2keH HOMep Ha oxHoré? [vam niizhin némir na adnav6?] do you need a single room? (lit. a room for one person). The man wants a room wa spo. [na dvayikh] for two. For three would be wa Tpoitx [na trayikh]. a KOKO stHeH? [na sk6l'ka dnyey?] for how many days? In his reply the man says wa tpi awa [na tri dnya] for three days, using a quite different ending. Numbers make nouns do some very funny things! You say: a om sews [na adin dyen'] for one day a Ba (TpH, 4eTeipe) as [na dva (tri, chityrye) dnya] for two (three, four) days| a naTb (1mecTb, ..) mei [na pyat’ (shest’...) dnyey] for five (six, ...) days If this seems too much to remember, just say wa [na] with the number, and eave out the noun altogether! y wac ec Homepa [unds yest’ namiré] we have rooms. ¥ wac ects... (unds yest’..] means 'we have...” ‘cK6s1Ko CTOUT HOMep? [sk6I'ka st6it némir?] how much does a room cost? Begrkn [fsiitki] per day. Cre [stitki] is a 24-hour period. Coe Ta Te To ee oe x Te a] A eecrrsrenet for the hotel ‘Tourist’ 38 UNIT36) 6) Practice what you have learned 3 Anew reception clerk has completely mixed up some visitors' registration forms. Here they are in translation. After listening to the dialogues on your recording, see if you can spot and correct the mistakes. (Answers on page 46.) REGISTRATION FORM NAME: POSLOY NO. OF GUESTS REGISTRATION FORM NAME: LUZHIN NO. OF GUESTS NO. OF GUESTS 2 PEOPLE NO. OF NIGHTS: 7 NIGHTS 3 PEOPLE 1 PERSON NO. OF NIGHTS NO. OF NIGHTS 2 NIGHTS 1 NIGHT @ (ii), REGISTRATION REGISTRATION FORM FORM NAME: NAME: DOBRIN MASLOV. ae NO. OF GUESTS 3 PEOPLE NO. OF NIGHTS 3 NIGHTS ii) (iv) 4 This time you are a tourist seeking a hotel room. Andrei will give you instructions. UNIT 3 39)6) Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Dialogues Tanya has found the foreign currency exchange desk upaverayirre, Zardstvuytye. Supancrayirre. Zdrdstvuytye. MoxHo oOMeHsiTb BamOTY? Mézhna abminyst’ valyétu? la, noxkényiiera, A ato y Bac? Da, pazhéilsta, A sht6 uvas? bperrer Finty. Cké.abKo Bot Mensere? Sk6I'ka vi minyditye? Teamiars. Dvatsat’, Tlatire, noxkéyficra, pay Daitye, pazhalsta, véshu neKirapaiinio 4 A6HErH. diklardtsiyn i dyén'gi. Bor, noxkanyficra. Vot, pazhéista. Brech rata n6uNHce, HoxKdnyficra. Zdyes' vasha potpees’, pazhélsta. Tloxanyficra. Pazhéista. Bau agnor, noxAnyiicra Vashi dyén'gi, pazhélsta. Cnach6o. Spasiba. To cannéuns. Da svidénya. Tlo caunéuns. Da svidénya. aektapéuns. (diklardtsiya] official declaration of how much currency you bring into the country aéunen (dyén'gi] money (a plural noun) ro y ac? [shi6 uvas?] what have you got? The answer was ¢bywrss [finty) pounds. Most words denoting currencies are more obvious: n62apst [déllary] dollars, mépxu [mérki] marks, etc. ck6bK0 Bit Menéiere? [sk6l'ka vi minyditye?] how much are you changing? Conveniently, Tanya is changing an amount you know: apart [dvétsat'] 20, She might have asked for: pimars, [tritsat) 30 c6pox [sérak] 40 usreaectr [pit'disyét] 50 You will be pleased to hear that you now know all the numbers to 50, or 59 to be exact. For 21, 22, etc. you simply use the number for 20 and add one, two, three etc., i.e. asda oAmH, UBdINATS Ba, uedNATE TpH [dvatsat’ adin, dvatsat’ dva, dydtsat’ tri] And 59? No problem—narnnecir nésars [pit'disyat dyévit'] aditre, noxéayitera, ... [déitye, pazhdlsta, ...] give me please... antec néma néannes [zdyes' visha potpees'] your signature here 40 UNIT3Practice what you have learned ‘On your recording you will hear people exchanging currency at the exchange desk. Can you fill in the spaces on their receipts? (Answers on page 46.) x CURRENCY EXCHANGE FORM Amount oe CURRENCY EXCHANGE FORM Currency Amount s CURRENCY EXCHANGE FORM Amount 6 You are a tourist with pounds to change. Andrei will tell you what to ask for at the exchange desk. UNIT3 41Key words and phrases 21141 Menat 3a6poHponan HOMep Thave a room booked [dlya miny4 zabronfravan némir] Bor [vot] here (is) ‘enacé6o [spastba] thank you na népsom 9Taxé [na pyérvam etazhé] on the first (ground) floor a Brop6M stax [na ftar6m etazhé] _ on the second floor na Tpérbem sraxé [na tryétyem etazhé] on the third floor na ecséTom 9raxé [na disydtam etazhé] on the tenth floor rae y Bac (ame)? [gdye uvas (leeft)?| where is your (elevator)? rae Méxuo... [gdye mézhna...] noaysirs Kou? {paluchit’ klyuch?] oOmensrs panory? [abminyét’ valydtu?] Y Bac ecTb cpoGdHBIE HOMePi.. [uvds yest’ svabGdniye namird?...] na ceréaua? [na sivédnya?] ua a4mrpa? [na zéfira?] BaM Hien HOMep Ha onHOr6? [vam niizhin némir na adnavé?] na nBoix? {na dvayikh?| na Tpox? [na trayikh?} ue nyxxen... [mnye nizhin...] Ha cK6s16KO Hei? [na sk6l’ka dnyey?] ¢x6u1bKO CTOHT HOMep B CYTKH? [sk6l'ka st6it nomir fstitki?] Kak oH paGOraer? [kak on rabétayit?] ro y Bac? [sht6 uvas?] cKONBKO BbI Mensiere? [sk6lka vi minyéitye?] aditre, noxényitera, [déitye, pazhalsta, ...] amy neKapannto [vashu diklarétsiyu) aéusrn (dyén'gi] 42. UNIT3 where can one... get the key? change foreign currency? do you have any vacant rooms. for today? for tomorrow? do you need a single room? (a room) for two? (a room) for three? Ineed... for how many days? (see note on page 38) how much does a room cost per day? how (what hours) does it work? what do you have? how much are you changing? please give me... your declaration money6 The Russian alphabet In this unit you will learn five new letters. In total you have now met more than two thirds of the alphabet. Read the letters and the words below, then turn on the recording and listen to how Andrei pronounces them. ‘The letters are: 6 [bl a a 1 (pl 2 [e like the first e in edifice] it called ‘short 1. It sounds and behaves just like the y in boy, way, New York etc. One sees it very often in names: ‘Toncréit (Tolst6y), MoctoéseKxuit (Dostoévsky). Who's who and who's in the wrong place? (Answers on page 46.) MAJIEP YAHKOBCKMM = =BPAMC —_JIAPBHH. SJIBUC TIPECJIM = TOJICAMMOH = BUTII3. BOB JIMJIAH TJIATOH | MAKHABEJUIM BAHPOH APHCTOTEJIb HUKOJIAIL AJIEKCAHIIP = AJIBBEPT —BJIAJEAMMP After you have practiced these letters and the words above, see if you can work out the following crossword puzzle. If you have answered each question correctly, the beginning letters of each word read vertically will give you the name of a famous Russian ballerina. (Answers on page 46.) a slalolo = = Rolo ELE Clues A] [a You need this when traveling A place you might try if you have a headache or cold An alcoholic drink and probably your first Russian word Big Ben is in the center of this famous capital ‘A Scandinavian capital The French are famous drinkers of this alcoholic beverage The name of three Russian Tsars Noaueene New word awréxa [aptyéka] chemist UNIT3) 43Grammar The accusative case Some nouns have different endings in Russian when they become the direct object of a verb. Less abstractly, in the sentence ‘Ivan reads a book’, Ivan is the subject, he is doing the reading. The book is the direct object, itis being read. Itis important to be aware of these endings even if you don’t always remember to use them. In a language without set word order they can provide vital clues to help you understand who is doing what! In the dialogue, Tanya was asked for her currency declaration Iditre, noxkéayiiera, wémy eKrapénmo (Daitye, pazhdlsta, vashu diklardtsiyu) In the dictionary the word for ‘declaration’ would be written: eksiapauns [diklardtsiya). This is a feminine noun and it changes when it becomes the object of the verb naitre [daitye] give (me). Similarly, the word for foreign currency’ is feminine: samtora [valyiita], but Tanya asked: MOxKHO OOMeHsTs Bam‘oTy? [mézhna abminyat’ valytitu?] May I change some currency? Fortunately these are the only endings for the moment, Neuter nouns never change in the accusative case, nor do masculine nouns which refer to things. If Tanya had been asked for her passport, you would have heard: Maitre, noxaayiera, nam nécnopr [Déitye, pazhalsta, vash pasport] ‘Tanya was in the foreign currency shop of the hotel, and saw the following items which she wanted: moxonax, [shakalét] chocolate n6aKa [votka] vodka bun [vind] wine Kousix: [kanyak] cognac raséra [gazyéta] newspaper Marpéumka [matryéshka] matryéshka doll She asked for each of the above, beginning each time with naire, noxanyicra, ... [dditye, pazhilsta,...] give me please... . Can you write in the item with the correct endings? (Answers on page 46.) naire, noxdtyitera, @ [dsitye, pazhdlsta, (i) (iii) (iv) ) (vi) 44 UNIT3Did you know? Travel to Russia and the Soviet Union Up to the late 1980s the majority of foreign visitors came to the USSR on package tours arranged by the State organization Intourist. ‘There was relatively little choice since a visa was only issued on proof of accommodation and hotel rooms booked by individuals were classified as first class and priced accordingly. To the foreign traveler, the advantage of package tours was that they largely eliminated the problems with accommodation, transportation and general service which plague Russian travelers. The chief disadvantage was that most tourists, especially if they knew no Russian, saw little of the country. Indeed Intourist hotels were built to provide anything that a tourist (in their opinion!) might wish for: bars, restaurants, saunas, shops, etc. At the time of writing, much of the above is still applicable; none the less noticeable changes have taken place. It has become relatively easy to visit friends in Russia. Easy, that is, for those invited — there is considerable bureaucratic red tape at the Russian end! Visitors must live at the address written on their visa, and need to receive an official stamp in their passport. Intourist is also increasingly losing its monopoly as more enterprises open. Some of these offer package tours, while others offer accommodation in private homes or rented apartments and offices. HOTEL REGULATIONS = the guests card is a pass to the hotel: = the room key is available at the floor desk and is given by the, floor maid in exchange for your guest's card; — your visitors ‘can feceive a temporary pass to the hotel_at the pass bureau on Your request made througt the floor made and can stay in the hotel from 8 a.m. to it pom. — the Ttcor maid must be informed of the date of your departure two days in ad- vance; — long-distance phone calls must be paid within 24 hours: — When" departing, please, ask the floor aid for'a pass to your luggage, leave her the room key and your guests card. IT 1S STRICTLY FORBIDDEN: — to use electric heating devices in your room: — fo'feave guests in your room when you fare absent and to let anybody use your tract d tse the Sy Your FOCTUHNLIA belongings. You are kindly requwste observe the hotel regulations and fire safety A guest's card from Hotel ‘Moskva’, issued in 1990. The rules are no longer quite so stringent. UNIT3) 456) 10 Practice what you have learned Alphabet Grammar Your turn to speak You will be playing the role of Misha Ivanov, who is checking in at a hotel, and finding his bearings. As usual, read the following words and phrases and then tum on the recording, 4u1a Mews 3a6ponfiponan Homep [dlya minyé zabroniravan némir] enacti6o [spasiba] [gdye uvé Answers Exercise 1 (i) 2 (ii) 1 Giii) 10 Exercise 2 (i) na tpérem sraxxé [na tryétyem etazhé] (ii) a népaom araxxé [na pyérvam etazhé] (iii) Ha Bropém sraxé [na ftarém etazhé] Exercise 3 (i) 4 days (ii) for 2 people (iii) 6 days (iv) 4 days Exercise 5 (i) pounds, 35 (ii) dollars, 40 (iii) Deutschmarks, 50 Exercise 7 (i) JLépaun (ii) Biirns (iii) Baripou (iv) Ans6épr Exercise 8 riécnopr, anréka, Béuka, J6un0H, Ocs0, BHHO, Axtexcénup. The ballerina is Hannopa (i) woxonéa (ii) Bony (iii) BHH6 (iv) KonDsK (v) raséty (vi) Marpéunxy Exercise 9 46 UNIT3Sweet wrappers You will learn to find out what is available for a meal, or part of a meal to make your choice to ask advice about cafés and about recommended dishes to ask for a seat at a table to pay for your meal and you will be introduced to traditional Russian cuisine Pagina Study guide Dialogues 1, 2: listen without the book Dialogues 1, 2: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 3, 4: listen without the book Dialogues 3, 4: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 5-7: listen without the book Dialogues 57: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Study the Key words and phrases Read and practice writing the Alphabet Study the Grammar section carefully Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Li n to all the dialogues once again straight through UNITS 476) Tanya Tamara Tanya Tamara Tanya Tamara Tanya Tamara Tanya Tamara Tanya Dialogues Tanya has stayed the night at a friend's Tamépa, aro y Hac ceréHa Ha —‘Taméra, a shto unds sivédnya na 24nTpak? zéftrak? Kana, GytepOpéiusi c KonGacdit Kasha, buterbrédy skalbas6y fimH ¢ cKIpOM. fli syram. Iai mie mpécto xme6 c Mécom. Dai mnye présta khlyep sméslam. Tloxkiinyiicta. Pazhdlsta. Crracti6o. Spasiba. xéuia [kasha] porridge npéero [prdsta] simply To y Hac cer6ana Ha 34pTpaK? (shto unds sivédnya na zéftrak?) what do we have for breakfast today? At appropriate times of the day Ha 34eTpak [na zAftrak] could be substituted by: a 0061, [na abyét] for lunch, the middle meal of the day na yaxnn_ (na tzhin] for dinner. Gyrep6pé,n1 [buterbrédy] sandwiches. One sandwich would be 6yTep6p6n [buterbrét}; e koGacéa [skalbas6y] with sausage, salami; ¢ ex1poM [syram] with cheese. ait me mpécro x.1e6 ¢ Macaom [dai mnye présta khlyep sméslam] give ‘me just bread and butter. Tanya is speaking to a friend, and therefore she says ‘aii (dai] rather than the formal naire [daitye). Mute [mnye] means 'to me’ and is used after verbs such as séitre [ditye] i.e. ‘give to me’, What about coffee? A Kérbe Tot GY seus? A kéfye ti biidish? Oi, c ynonésscranem. Oi, sudaval'stvyem. TeOé Yepubti fin ¢ MonOK6M? ‘Tibyé chémny fli smalak6m? C momoK6m, écs1n MOxKHO. Smalak6m, yésli mézhna, Toxkanyiicra. Pazhalsta. Cuach6o. Spasiba. oft [oi] oh Gen méxuo [yésli mézhna] if possible Kéche Tht Gynems? [kéfye ti budish?] will you have coffee? If you were on more formal terms with someone, you would be asked: Kécbe wbt Oynere? [k6fye vi biiditye?). You are also likely to be offered wait [chai] tea, which is always drunk without milk. ¢ ynonéaserauem [sudavél'styyem] with pleasure ‘re66 [tibyé] for you. This is the same kind of ending as me [mnye]. It is often used when offering or making a choice. Here the choice uépnbti Kéepe [chémy kéfye] black coffee or Ko¢be ¢ MoutoK6m_ [k6fye smalak6m], coffee with milk. Again if you use wbt [vi] with a person, the appropriate form here would be Bam [vam] instead of re66 [tibyé]. ¢ mos10K6m [smalakém] with milk. If you drink coffee with sugar, you'll ‘want to know: © c4xapom [sikharam] with sugar. 48 UNITSPractice what you have learned (Olga Ivanovna has a family ~ Marina, Vasily and their two children Natasha and Ira staying with her. Listen to their orders for breakfast and then decide whether the following statements are true or false. You'll notice that the children use aditre [déitye] when they speak to O'ga Ivanovna, an adult. (Answers on page 58.) Grocery packaging for sugar lumps (below) and ‘Hercules’ coarflakes (right) | / iielhide OP (i) Mama (ii) Papa (ii) Ira (iv) Of'ga Ivanovna 6) 6) 3 Vasily asks for porridge and black coffee. Natasha asks for salami sandwiches. Ira wants porridge with sugar. Marina wants coffee with milk and salami sandwiches. TEPKGAEG: OBCAHDIE XAONbA CROCOE nPAroTORREHUs, Y cracam oscmanx nonce Sanur iin’ etheanan von wit MONO ve sanity mp MOMELMBabna S28 MYT, "sotaban come w ches 2 Later on Natasha asks everyone what they would like to drink but becomes hopelessly confused. Listen to the recording and match the request with the person. (Answers on page 58.) (a) tea (b) coffee with milk and sugar (©) coffee with milk (@)_ black coffee Your name is Nina and you will be finding out from your brother what there is for breakfast, Andrei will prompt you. UNITS 496) 3 Natasha Serving lady Natasha Serving lady Dialogues Natasha drops into the company cafeteria for lunch H66poiii sex. Supancrayiire. Uro y pac ceréna Ha népsoe? Ecrs cyt rop6xonbiit c MscoM Ht cynt priGrintit c KapromenKoit. Débry dyen’. Zarastvuytye. Shto uv4s sivédnya na pyérvaye? Yest' sup garkhavy smydsam i sup ribny skartéshichkay. Natasha ro noi ue riopekomeriuyere? _Shto vi mnye parikamendilitye? Serving lady A Gxi bam lopekomenitondita cyn Ya bi vam parikamendavala sup psiOHbIH, MArKHT, HEH, ribny, myékhki, nyézhny, cOunbiit cyn, séchny sup. Natasha Xopou6. Criacii6o. Kharash6. Spasiba. Serving lady Tloxxaayiicra. Pazhéista. cyt ropéxonsiit ¢ mitcom [sup gardkhavy smydsam] pea soup with meat cy psiGnti c kapromeskom [sup ribny skartéshichkay] fish soup with potato » | «70 y sac ceréana na néppoe? [shto uvas sivédnya na pyérvaye?] What is there for the first course today? For other dishes, you would ask: ro y Bac cerduna... [shto uvés sivédnya...] na prop6e? [na ftardye?] for the second course? na Tpérse? [na tryétye?] for the third course? ua necépt? [na disyért?] for dessert? + | cxaproueuxom [skartéshichkay] with potatoes. The more common word for potatoes is Kaprounka [kartéshka] and ‘with potatoes’ ¢ KapTounkoit [skartéshkay]. 4 | 470 mp1 mae nopexomenagere? [shto vi mnye parikamendditye?] what would you recommend? 8 Obi Bam mopeKoMenoBaita... [ya bi vam parikamendavdla...] I would recommend... The lady uses a different form of the verb. Don't worry about learning this it's the question you will need. » | cym peiGnenit — marxuit, néacunuit, cOumsuit cym [sup ribny ~myakhki, nyézhny, séchny sup] fish soup — delicate, gentle, juicy soup. (These adjectives are not the most common words used to describe a soup!) You will find out more about how to use adjectives in Unit 6. 6) 4 Lyena Serving lady Lyena is next in line and asks about the second course Shto uvas na ftardye? Na ftardye? Riba atvarndya, befstréganof, mydsa tushénaye, bifshtéks shikam, zapikénka tvarézhnaya sa smitana Uro y pac Ha Bropée? Ha Bropée? PriGa orpapHis, Gerp- crpéranon, Maco TyINéHOe, Gucpurréke c YKOM, samleKanKa ‘TpopéakHasi co cMeTAHOII. Lyena _Jléitre mae, noxkényiicra, Guepurréxe. Déitye mnye, pazhalsta, bifshtéks. Serving lady Bucpurrékc ¢ s1ykom. A Kak6it Bifshtéks slikam. A kak6y gaméer rapHiip xeréere? zhildyitye? Lyena — Kaprocpembroe mopé. Kart6fil'naye pyuré. Serving lady oxxéntyficra. Pazhélsta. Lyena _ Bosiniée cnaci6o. Bal'shoye spasiba. Serving lady Tloxkéayiicra. PIpusiruoro annerira! Pazhalsta. Priydtnava appitital Lyena — Cracii6o. Spasiba. psi6a orpapnas: [riba atvarndya] poached fish Gech-erporanos [befstréganof] beef Stroganoff Méico Tymténoe [myésa tushénaye] stewed meat 50 UNIT4Gucpurréxc ¢ afxom [bifshtéks slikam] beefsteak with onion aamekduka Teop6xHas co eMeTAnoit [zapikénka tvarézhnaya sa smiténay] baked cottage cheese dish with sour cream Kaprécbesbuoe mopé [kart6fil'naye pyuré] mashed potatoes kax6ii rapuiip xendete? [kak6y gaméer zhildyitye?] what would you like with it? akenirs [zhildt'] can mean 'to desire’ and is not the most common verb in this context. You will more often hear Kak6it rapuip Bbi xoTHTe? [kak6y garnéer vi khatitye?], to which you could reply ‘a xoug...' [ya khacht...] I want... Gonbut6e cnachGo [bal'shéye spastba] thank you very much (or, literally, a big thank you) UpwérHoro annersrra! [priystnava appitita!] bon appetit! It is quite normal for Russians to say this whenever they see somebody eating. Practice what you have learned 4 oteg and Larisa find the following menu in a local cafeteria. See how much you can make out before looking at the transliterated version below. MEHIO TIEPBOE BTOPOE TAPHAP ropéxonpiit cyn Gecp-erp6ranon Kaprécpessuoe mopé pétGuniit cy Guchurréxe canir Goput ryssm panerpér MINYU . PYERVAYE FTAROYE GARNEER garkhavy sup befstréganof kartofil!naye pyuré ribny sup bifshtéks saldt borshch gulyash vinigryét 6) Listen to the recording and mark the correct box. (Answers on page 58.) (@_ The man serving recommends: (a) peiOnsnit cy [ribny sup] (b) ropéxonstit cym [garékhavy sup] () Gopmt {borshch } H ii) For her main course Larisa asks for: (a) ryasm_ [gulydsh] (b) Gucburréxe [bifshtéks) (c) Gecp-crpéranon [befstréganof] (iii) What does she want with her meal? (a) canar [saldt] (b) munerpér [vinigryét] (©) Kaprécbemnoe mopé [kartéfil'naye pyuré] :) J stittusing the same menu, this time i's your tum to order, Follow Andi instructions. UNITS 51.(ds Lyena Cashier Lyena Cashier Lyena Cashier Lyena » 62 6 Lyena Other customer Lyena Dialogues Lyena is now at the cashier's desk CkémbKo ¢ Mens? ‘Sk6I'ka sminyé? A.uro y pac? A sht6 uvas? Y mena Gucpurréxe c kaprocpemubim Uminyé bifshtéks skart6fil'nym mopé. pyuré. ‘Tpitauan Bocems Koriéek. Tritsat’ vésim' kapyéek. Bor, noxduylicra. Vot, pazhilsta. Cnacti6o. Spasfba. Toxkényficra. Pazhalsta. ‘ek6mbKo ¢ Mena? [sk6I'ka sminy&?] how much do I owe you? (lit. how much from me?'!) y wae [uvés}, y ment [uminyé]: It is difficult for a learner to know when to use y Men ects... [uminyé yest...] and when y mew [uminyd] by itself is enough. Ect [yest'] is used when out of the blue you inform somebody that you have something. It is omitted if you are simply describing what you have. If this sounds confusing, simply listen to whether it is used or not, and follow suit! ‘Tphauars Bocems Konéex [tritsat’ v6sim! kapyéck] 38 kopecks ‘A word of warming — from the beginning of 1992 the cost of living in Russia increased dramatically, making the prices quoted here and elsewhere quite outdated, Lyena has taken her tray and is looking for a seat Vispuniire, noxkényiicra, secs —_Izvinitye, pazhdlsta, zdyes’ cB066nH0? svabédna? Tla, canfrece, noxésyiicra. Da, sadityes', pazhalsta. Cnacti6o. Spasiba. canhrect [sadityes'] take a seat nec cBo66ano? [zdyes’ svab6dna?] is this place free? If it were not, the reply would probably have been net, auecb 34naT0 (nyet, zdyes’ zdnyata] no, it's taken. $2. UNIT4I dra Passerby Tra Passerby Ira doesn't have much luck finding a place to eat Mapnutire, noxdaylicra, rie 3ece Izvinitye, pazhilsta, edye zdyes’ MOxKHHO 6xicTpo ToobEnaTs? mézhna bistra paabyédat’? Baech noodénats? 3iecs Zdyes’ paabyédat"? Zdyes’ nlooGés1aTb 6ueHb TPY1HO. paabyédat’ chin’ tridna. M6xHo TénbKo BeiniTe wduky —- Mézhna t6’ka vypit’ chashku Kétpe B Kaché BOT pAi10M. kéfye fkafé vot ryédam. CriactiGo Gombinée. Spastba bal'shéye. Tloxkdnylicra. Pazhalsta, ‘TémBKo [t6Ika] only rae anech MONO OkicTpo HoobéAaTH? [gdye zdyes’ mézhna bistra paabyédat’?] where around here can one get a quick meal? The verb ‘to have lunch’ is formed from the noun for lunch — 066 [abyét]. If you wanted to find out where you could get breakfast — and not necessarily quickly! ~ you would leave out 6xierpo [bistra] (quickly) and ask: rae 3uech MxHo no3anrpakars? [gdye zdyes’ mézhna pazéftrakat’?] and dinner: rae secs MONO ofakHaTE? [gdye zdyes’ mézhna paizhinat’?} auect noobéraTs Guens Tp¥aNo [zdyes’ paabyédat’ Schin’ wridna] it is very difficult to get lunch around here BeimuTe adumky KGepe [vypit’ chashku k6fye] to have (lit. to drink) a cup of coffee. If Ira had wanted a coffee, she would have asked rae auech M6xKHO néinurs aéuuy K6cpe? [gdye zdyes' mézhna vypit’ chashku k6fye?] Bor pésiom [vot ryddam} just here, next door Miupor orxpurul ¢ nosnaaom et Seamaster 8 Recipe for an piles pas ont Ts. caestamn a i es nor ron acer ae eee a eee cena eee Bae Cae var ane ee ee i oe ee Now turn the page for the exercises based on these dialogues. UNIT4 53Practice what you have learned The price list below is in a sorry state. Listen to the recording and match each dish with its price. (Answers on page 58.) ()_cym ropéxonsiit ¢ mécom [sup garkhavy smy4sam} Gi) rysson [gulyash] (iii) Geep-erpéranos [befstréganof} (iv) Gnepurréxe © agxom [bifshtéks slikam) Of'ga Ivanovna's guests ask passers-by for advice about where they can ‘fortify themselves’ during a long day's excursion, Listen to their conversation and fill, in the missing words in Vasily's diary. You will find the answers out of order beneath the diary. (Answers on page 58.) (i) 3dmrpak [zéftrak) (ii) 066 [abyét) (iii) Sxwm [izhin] (iv) Kéebe [k6fye] (a) n pecropane wa Ocréxenxe [vrestorénye na Astézhinkye] (b) w xacbé pisxom [fkafé ryédam] (©) B kadhé na ApGaire [fkafé na Arbatye} (4) 8 pectopane 'IIpusirnoro anneréra’ [vrestorénye ‘Priyétnava appitita’] NB Russians will of course write rather than print, but then they already know the printed alphabet very well! For now, use the printed form when writing. t's time to pay for the meal you ordered in the previous exercises. Don't worry if you've forgotten what you had — Andrei will guide you. S4UNIT4Key words and phrases ro y ac ceréans Ha 346TpaK? [shto unds sivédnya na zéftrak?) wa 0661? (na abyét?| na yxun? [na tzhin?} 470 y Bac na néppoe? [shto uvds na pyérvaye?] na propée? (na ftarsye?] na Tpérse? [na tryétye?] ua necépr? [na disyért?} ait mae... (dai mnye...] irre mune... [dditye mnye...] xu1e6 ¢ macaom [khlyep sméslam] Gy TepGpéau1 c KonGaCéA [buterbrédy skalbas6y} GyTepOpéat c cKipom (buterbrédy sjram} uépusiit Kéepe [chémy k6tye] K6tbe ¢ MonoKom [kéfye smalakém] c ynon6ascranem [sudavol'stvyem] ‘TO BbI HOpeKomensyere? {shto vi parikamendditye?] cx6abKo ¢ Meni? [sk6l'ka sminy&?] ameck enodéano? [zdyes' svabédna?] rule 3necb M62KHO (GEICTPO)... [gdye zdyes’ mézhna (bistra)...] nosésrpakars? (pazéftrakat’?) noobéiars? [paabyédat’?] noyakunare? [patizhinat’?] BuINHTS HéuUKy K6dpe? (vypit’ chashku k6fye?] NpnarHoro annerira! {priyétnava appitita!] To understand k6che Tht OYnemb? [kéfye ti btidish?] Kédhe abt Ofnere? [kéfye vi biditye?] Kak6it rapuip Kendere? / xorire? (kak6y gamnéer a xoug... [ya khacht...] aueck HOGG ATE 6ueHs TPYIHO [zdyes' paabyédat’ Schin’ tridna} vyitye? / khatitye?] what do we have for breakfast today? for lunch? for dinner? what do you have for the first course? second course? third course? dessert? give me... (asking a friend or child) give me... (formal) bread and butter sandwiches with salami sandwiches with cheese black coffee coffee with milk with pleasure what would you recommend? how much do I owe you? is this place free? where can one (quickly)... have breakfast? have lunch? have dinner? have a cup of coffee? bon appetit! will you have coffee? (to a friend or child) will you have coffee? (more formal) what would you like with it? I would like... it's very difficult to get lunch here UNITS 55(3-t0 i The Russian alphabet The five letters we will look at in this unit are: mi [sh] é [yo]. This vowel is always in stressed position o 1 br Ly in bury — but this is approximate so listen to the recording] r {gin good] Can you match the following capital cities with their country? (Answers on page 58.) @ coona (a) HOPBErHA Gi) OHO (b) A@PAHHCTAH Gi) YBN () WATBAA (iv) KABYJI (@) BOJIPAPHA (v) MAHIAJIA ) ANTM (vi) OCIO () MPABM (vii) PAPA (2) OMJIMINTAHEI (a) Which of the following would you be unlikely to ear? (Answers on page 58.) (i) PBIBHBIMCYN == (ii) WIAIIJIBIK (iii) BMOMITEKC (iv) BAIKOTA (b) And who might feel a little out of place? () MOCTAKOBMY HATIOJIEOH (ii) IIYBEPT (iv) IPOKO@bEB Here are some signs you might want to look out for: () BYOET (i) KA®E (ii) PECTOPAH (iv) PPHJIb-BAP (vy) CTOMOBAS (cafeteria, canteen) (a) For which place might you need to make a reservation? ...... (b) Where could you go for a snack? .. (©) Where would you probably find grilled chicken? . (Answers on page 58.) A word of warming: r [g] is sometimes pronounced quite differently — as [v]. This happens for example in the word ceréaus [sivédnya] today. As a rule it happens with the combinations -oro [-ovo] or -ero [-yevo], but since there are exceptions even to this, be patient with such eccentricity and just try to remember the words in question. 56 UNIT412 Grammar ‘With’ Kécbe sépuiit fain ¢ monoK6m? [k6fye chémy fli smalakém?] Coffee black or with milk? C [s] is used before a noun to mean ‘with’ (in grammatical terms it is a preposition). In addition, however, the ending of the noun changes. Masculine and neuter nouns normally end in -om ({om] but pronounced [am] if not stressed). Hence 6yreppéne1 [buterbrédy] with esp [syr] becomes Gyrep6p6au1 ¢ cKpom [buterbrédy syram] ‘sandwiches with cheese’. And Kéche [k6fye] with moxox6 [malak6] becomes Kécbe c MosOKOM [k6fye smalak6m ‘coffee with milk’. Feminine nouns normally end in -oit ({oy) but pronounced ay] if not stressed). So Gy Tep6pésbs (buterbrédy] with KonOaecé [kalbas4] becomes Gyrep6pé.xm1 ¢ KoAOacéH [buterbrdy skalbas6y} ‘salami sandwiches’. The € [s] is normally pronounced as part of the next word. Four friends are perusing the menu in a cafeteria. Katya is ravenous, Kolya just a little hungry, Tanya is a vegetarian and Ira only wants something to drink. What might each order? MEHIO - BYTEPBPOJIbI CMETAHA [buterbrédy] (sandwiches) [smiténa] (sour cream) BHOUITEKC KOJIBACA [bifshtéks] (beefsteak) {kalbas4] (salami) BE®-CTPOPAHOB a1YK [befstréganof] (beef Stroganoff) [luk] (onion) 3ATIEKAHKA TBOPOXKHAA PHC [zapikénka tvarézhnaya] [rees] (rice) (baked cottage cheese dish) KOE [kéfye] (coffee) MOJIOKO [malak6] (milk) YEPHbIM KOOE CAXAP [chémy kéfye] (black coffee) [sékhar] (sugar) 4AM [chai] (tea) JIMMOH [limén] (lemon) Katya Kolya Tanya Ira UNITS 576) 2B Practise what you have learned Alphabet Did you know? | Traditional Russian cuisine is very rich. Much of it is fried and may then be served with dollops of sour cream. For breakfast your hotel or some of the cooperative cafés are likely to offer must [bliny] pancakes or coipHMKH [syiki] cottage cheese patties, possibly co emeranoit [so smiténay] with sour cream, If you prefer a lighter breakfast, there will probably be cbip [sy] cheese, koGacd [kalbasd] sausage, sima [yditsa] eggs, kéuta [kasha] porridge and xae6 [khlyep] bread. “épabiit xs1e6 [chérny khlyep] black bread is particularly tasty! ‘One should not, however, assume that this is how Russians normally eat. The above dishes are time-consuming to make, and more often than not some of the ingredients will be necbunérrHise [difitsitniye], i.e. unobtainable. Russians normally eat a large breakfast. What it consists of is to a large extent dependent on the time of the year, and what is available in the shops. Buckwheat, oats and semolina (all called xéuta (kasha) are common, though quite often breakfast is fried potato or vermicelli, with sausage or whatever meat is around. Breakfast is normally eaten at home. The number of cafés even in the larger cities is still not high, and not everyone can afford to wait in the long, lines which form even around street vendors selling mupoxkktt [pirashki] filled yeast buns, ice cream and other snacks. Your turn to speak You will be ordering breakfast in the hotel restaurant. Read the following phrases, then tum on your recording and let Andrei guide you. antec eB066.n0? [zdyes’ svabédna?) uo y Bac cer6unsa Ha 34BrpaK? [shto uvds sivédnya na zéftrak?] adiiTe, NOKATYHCTA, . [daitye, pazhdilsta, ...] ¢ ynonéancrnnem! (sudavél'stvyem!] Kéche ¢ Mon0K6m [k6fye smalakém] Answers Exercise 1 (i) false (coffee with milk) (ii) false (with cheese) (iii) false (salami sandwiches) (iv) true Exercise2 (ie (ii)a (iii)b (iv)d Exercise 4 (ib (ii)a (iii) b Exercise 6 (ie (ii)e (iii)d (iv)a (Wb Exercise7 (i) b (iia (iii)d (ivye Exercise9 (id (ie (iii) f (iv) (v)g (vida (vil) Exercise 10 (a) iv (b) ii Exercise HM (a) iii. (b)i, @iv 38 UNIT4You will learn to ask for stamps, postcards and newspapers to inquire how much things cost to buy tickets for the opera to shop for groceries to ask for something cheaper, or in another language, and you will find out about shopping in Russia TPOW3BOACTBEHHOE O6 BEAMHEHHE Sxcpepmeetramsanall KOMMTEpCKO Gynownait xoubuner “Seeman” ‘Spésmunuii Gymenap, 23 Topr "PACCBET” Macca 1,0 xr. Mex 2 py6. 80 Kon. ocr 18-10-72 Cpox ae 36 wac. — —— | Label froma pre-packed bool petstdin = pyettiarngee nn pags varietal itil OT Seuranitoaagenean eal weight, price, how long it eet rae will keep, and date of 52 SL Pedhegiag x. we, aurtaoo 000, | baking which hasn't been marked! Study guide Dialogues 1, 2: listen without the book Dialogues 1, 2: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 3, 4: listen without the book Dialogues 3, 4: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 5-8: listen without the book Dialogues 5-8: lisien, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Study the Key words and phrases Read and practice writing the Alphabet ‘Study the Grammar section carefully Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNITS69 1 Lyena Assistant Lyena Assistant Lyena Assistant » Lyena Assistant Lyena Assistant Lyena Dialogues Lyena asks how much a stamp for a letter to England costs CkaokriTe, cK6mbKO cTOHT ToUTéBaN ~—Skazhitye, skéI’ka st6it pachtévaya Mapka JI ABMAKOHBEpTa B marka dlya aviakanvyérta Aur? vAngliyu? Tareuecst konéex. Pit'disyat kapyéek. Jlairre, noxényficra, Tpu Daitye, pazhdlsta, tri. Py6us nisrbnecsir ¢ Bac. Rubi’ pit'disyat svas. Cnacri6o. Spasiba. Tloxkdnyficra. Pazhélsta. cKObKO CTONT NOWT6BAs MApKa 1.18 aBHakonBépra B Anramo? {[sk6r'ka st6it pacht6vaya mérka dlya aviakanvyérta vAngliyu?] how much does an airmail stamp to England cost? CKéabKo cr6ur...? [sk6l'ka st6it...2] how much does... cost? can be used whenever you want to know a price. And if you don't know the word, you can always point and ask ex6stbko 50 crowr? [sk6l’ka éta st6it?] how much does that cost? Incidentally the word nowrésas [pachtovaya] postage can be left out. What other kind of stamps would you be buying in a post office? s Auramo [vAngliyu] to England. For other countries you would say: Pepmanmto [vGerméniyu] to Germany » Amépuxy [vAmériku] to America no @pasnmno [va Frantsiyu] to France 8 Kasaxcram [fKazakhstan] to Kazakhstan You can find out why these endings are used on page 105. py6aw nscrbsecsr [rubl' pit'disyét] one ruble fifty [svas...] that will be... (it. ‘from you...'). This could be the answer to ion ck6stBKo ¢ Mena? [sk6I'ka sminya?] how much will that be? Lyena also needs some postcards Ckaxtire, y pac ects orkptirk —_Skazhitye, uvds yest’ atkritki ¢ Briam Mocks? svidami Maskvy? Ja, noxxanyiicra. BiGupaitre, sot Da, pazhdilsta. Vybirditye, vot HECKONBKO BIIOB. nyéskal'ka vidaf. Maitre, noxdnyiicra, Bot Sty © Daitye, pazhdlsta, vot étu svidam Bijiom Kpemus. Krimlyé. ‘Sro Cnécckas G4una Kpemns. Eta Spasskaya bashnya Krimly4. Mlectt Koniéex ¢ Bac. Shest' kapyéek svas. Tloxkanyiicra. Pazhdlsta. puiOupaitre [vybirditye] choose Cnacexas Gamma Kpemas [Spasskaya béshnya Krimlyé] Savior tower in the Kremlin orpérrkm [atkritki] postcards. A single postcard would be orxpsrrKa {atkritka). ¢ Baamu Mocksxi [svidami Maskvy] with views of Moscow. This ending -amu_ [ami] is used for most nouns in the plural after ¢ meaning ‘with’. 60 UNITSBor HécKosbKo BinoB [vot nyéskal'ka vidaf] here are several views Sty ¢ phtom Kpemasi (étu svidam Krimly4] this one with the view of the Kremlin, Even in such telegraphic speech, the word for ‘this’ Sry (étu] still has to be feminine like the noun it refers to. If Lyena wanted an envelope — Konnépr [kanvyért], a masculine noun — she would ask: naitre Bor Stor [daitye vot état). Practice what you have learned T Listen to the recording and then see if you can work out how much each customer spends in the post office. A little arithmetic is required! (Answers on page 72.) (i) first customer (stamps to Kiev) (ii) second customer (postcards) (iii) third customer (posteard and stamps) (iv) fourth customer (stamps to Germany) 2 onthe postcards below, two vital details are missing: the name of the city from which they have been written and the name of the country to which they are being sent. Listen to the transactions in the post office and then fill in the gaps. (Answers on page 72.) i) This is the To: Fecherskaya monastery From: Gi) & This is the To: ‘Bronze Gi) Horseman’ From: This is the To: monument to Pushkin From: UNITSDialogues 6) 3 Tanya has dropped into the hotel kiosk for a paper Tanya Y nac ects Mocxéackue HépocTH? Uvas yest’ Maskofskiye névosti? Assistant wac ects Mockéackne HOsocrn Unis yest' Maskofskiye névosti Ha aHruihifickoM #3biKé. na angléeskam yizikyé. Tanya A wa pycckom? Ana risskam? Assistant Ha p§cckom Her. Na risskam nyet. Tanya Hy Tord nafire wa anrnffickom, — Nu tagdé daitye na angléeskam, nloxkdutyiicra. pazhalsta. Assistant Tloxkényiiera, Bor raxéra. Pazhdilsta. Vot gazyéta. Tanya — Cnaci6o. Spasiba. ‘Torna [tagdd] then, in that case raséra [gazyéta] newspaper | Mocxénexne nénocrn (Maskéfskiye ndvosti] Moscow News is a high-quality weekly newspaper published in several languages. At the time of recording, it was often more difficult to obtain a copy in Russian than in English, French or Greek! | na anrnfitcxom xapixé [na angléeskam yizikyé] in the English language. Tanya wants it in Russian, so asks wa pfcckom wer? (na risskam nyet?] you don't have it in Russian? (The word for ‘language’ is understood.) You could also ask for Moscow News in the following languages: ua dpanuyackom s3biké [na frantstiskam yizikyé] in French ma menduckom #361K6 [na ispdnskam yizikyé] in Spanish a apaOcko sabiKé [na ardpskam yizikyé) in Arabic Or if you want any newspaper, in German for example: Y pac ecrs raxérbi wa HeMéuxoM sabIK6? [uvds yest’ gazyéty na nimyétskam yizikyé?] do you have any papers in German? (More about plurals on page 70.) 6) 4 Still in the hotel, Tanya wants to buy tickets to the Bolshoi Theater Tanya 3upanernyitre. Zardstvuytye. Assistant 3péncrayitre. Zarastvuytye. Tanya —Y sac ects Ounérst 8 Bombindii tedrp? Uvas yest’ bilyéty vBal'shéy tedtr? Assistant A 40 Bac uHTepecyer? A shto vas interistiyit? Tanya — Tloxkéayit, étrepa. Pazhéluy, 6pera. Assistant Onepa... Korna? Opera... Kagd4? Tanya Ecat M6xHo, Ha s4nrpa. Yésli mézhna, na zéftra Assistant 34ptpa unér érepa Piimckoro- ZAftra idyét 6pera Rimskava- Képeakona Crerypouxa. Korsakava Snigirachka. Tanya Ovex» xopomd. Ochin’ kharashé. Assistant A ck6nbKO BaM Ow16T0B? A sk6l'ka vam bilyétaf? Tanya Ina. Dva. Assistant Ceitudc. Ecrb 18a 6unéra. Onvin Sichds. Yest' dva bilyéta. Adin Ounér créur aedauaTs TPH bilyét stdit dvatsat’ tri déllara. aiGritapa. Tanya Tloxanyiicra... JIpa. Pazhilsta... Dva. Assistant Cuan, noxkényficra, uersipe Sdéchi, pazhalsta, chityrye déllara, u6surapa, Tanya CnaciiGo. Spastba. Assistant Tloxanyticta. Pazhalsta. ro nac witrepecfer? [shto vas interisGyit?] what would you be interested in? noxéayit, 6nepa [pazhiluy, pera] perhaps opera Guens xopoms [6chin' kharash6] very good 62 UNITSOuaérut B Bonbmdi Tedrp [bilyéty vBal’shy tedtr] tickets to the Bolshoi Theater. To ask about tickets for the movies, you would also use # [Vv]: Gusiérei B kn6 [bilyéty fkind] but if you are talking about the performance itself, use na [na]: Gunérsi na éuepy [bilyéty na éperu] tickets for the opera Guxéres wa Ganér [bilyéty na balyét] tickets for the ballet. Kors? [kagda?] when? Tanya wants tickets for tomorrow Ha 3aprpa [na z4ftra]. For today would be wa ceréanst (na sivédnya]. uaér 6nepa PamcKoro-Képcaxona Cuerypouxa (idy6t Spera Rimskava-Kérsakava Snigiirachka] Rimsky-Korsakov's opera The Snow Maiden is on. To find out what is on you would ask "ro uaér...?.[shto idyot. ¢K6:15KO BaM GuséToB? [sk6l’ka vam bilyétaf?] how many tickets would you like? The answer is sa 6uxéra [dva bilyéta] two tickets. There is an explanation of numbers and their quirks on page 93. cadun sersipe a6axapa [sdéchi chityrye déllara] four dollars change, At the time of recording, tickets to the Bolshoi Theater were virtually impossible to obtain for rubles. Practice what you have learned ..) DG iaas feeeidinng you wll hear woe hotel plies skins for newspapers and books in various languages. Listen, then decide whether the following statements are true or false. (Answers on page 72.) (Moscow News is available in Russian and French (ii) You can buy Anna Karenina in English and Russian (iii) Chekhov's works are only available in German and French (iv) Pushkin’s works are available in German ) 4 ~The lady selling theatre tickets has developed an efficient system for recording tickets. Listen to your recording and fill in the number of tickets under the right day. (Answers on page 72.) (a) ceréana (b) saerpa (i) Oanér Kusén : | e (ii) énepa Bépan énepa Pamexoro-Képeakona (iv) Ganér Poméo w JDKyaérta , ) 5 Youswantito ty two tickets tthe Bolshoi, preferably to the opera. Read the program below, then let Andrei guide you. Cuter fpouxa Pamcxoro-Képcakona Poméo w JDKyanérra lpoxécpiena Bopiic Ponynon Mycoprekoro .. (6nepa) UNITS 63Cs Olya Assistant Olya Assistant Olya Assistant Olya Assistant Olya Assistant 6) 6 Olya Cashier Olya Cashier Olya Dialogues Olya is buying some groceries Monoxé ects? Malaké yest’? Yrpom 6x10, yaxé Her. Utram byla, uzhé nyet. A Mico? A misla? Macro ects. Masla yest’. A ckémbko eréur Maco? A sk6'ka st6it mésla? Tri pit'disyat kilagrémm. Dvyésti gramm, pazhéista. Platitye fkdssu syém'disyat Tpu nsrrbaecsir kHLIOrpaMM. Tiwécr rpann, toskésyiicra. Thiarfire p kdecy céwaecat Konéex. kapyéek. nacho. Spasiba. Tloxkdayiicra, Pazhalsta. pom [iitram] in the morning Méeno [mésla] butter Mos10x6 ect? [malak6 yest’ is there any milk? A telegraphic version of {Bac ECT MOI0KG? [uvs yest’ malak6?] do you have milk? tpom Guin, yaxé wer [sitram byla, uzhé nyet] there was this morning, it's already gone ‘TpH naTbnecT KHuIOrpAMM tri pitdisyét kilagrémm] three rubles fifty a kilogram. The words for rubles and kopecks are often left out, especially in shops. aunéeru rpamim [dvyésti gramm] 200 grams, One often asks also for half a kilogram — noaxux6 [palkil6] naaritre 8 xéecy [platitye fkéssu} pay at the cash desk. You will find an explanation of the procedure in Did you know? cémsuecat xonéex [syém'disyat kapyéek] 70 copecks. The numbers 60, 70 and 80 follow the same pattern as narbnecér [pit disyt] (50). Thus: mectoteci [shist'disyét] 60 cémauecar [syém'disyat] 70 nécembuecat [vésimdisyat] 80. 90 and 100 break this pattern: aensnécro [divyandsta] 90 ero [sto] 100 Olya goes to the cashier Cémpnecat konéek, noxkéyiicra. Syémdisyat kapyéek, pazhdlsta. Kak6it ornén? Kakéy atdyé!? Monéuniiit. Maléchny. Toxkéuyiicra. Pazhalsta. Crracii6o. Spastba, Kax6it oré1? [kak6y atdyé!?] which section? Olya replies Mon6unbit [maléchny} milk or dairy products section. However, always look for a number ~ more often than not, you'll be able to say népsbit [pyérvy] first, srop6i [ftardy] second, rpérmi [tryétyi] third, etc. 64 UNITS7 Olya Assistant Olya Assistant (2 8 Tamara Trader Tamara Trader Tamara Trader ‘And then back to the counter for her purchase Tloxkdnyiicra, eK. Pazhalsta, chek. Toxdayiicra, mécs0. Pazhalsta, masla. nacho. Spasiba. Tloxkényficra. Pazhalsta. ek [chek] the receipt you hand over at the counter in order to receive your purchase You will have noticed how few words were used in the above dialogues. This is quite normal, and very convenient for learners! Tamara is at the market and wants some tomatoes Ckaxiite, noxéylicra, cKGmbKO —-Skazhitye, pazhalsta, skél’ka cT6srT ToMHA6pHt? st6yat pamidéry? Tpu pyon4. ‘Tri rublya. Ckaxzire, a noneméaze Het? Skazhitye, a padishévlye nyet? Ecré 10 sina. Yest’ pa dva. Xopoms. Ikditre me, noakéuylicra, Kharashé, Déitye mnye, pazhalsta, KulorpaMM 116 s1Ba py6n4. kilagrmm p6 dva rublya. Ikea py6ns. Dva rublya. nommx6ph1 [pamidéry] tomatoes. A single tomato is nommaép [pamidér] Ckénbko créaT nomuadps1? [skél'ka st6yat pamidéry?] how much do the tomatoes cost? The ending of the verb eréar [stdyat] has changed because itrefers to a noun in the plural. It's not a major point since you can scarcely hear the difference. ‘Tpu pyOx4 [tri rubly4] 3 rubles. Numbers make any noun change. As well aS Tp py6na [tri rublys], you have seen rpm awa [tri dnya] three days and ‘pu a6anapa [tri déllara]. You will find more details on page 93. nosemésne wer? [padishévlye nyet?] are there none a little cheaper? Other useful comparative forms: noG6.bue [pabsl'she] a bit bigger or a bit more tioménbme [pamyén'she] a bit smaller or a bit less. But when you are buying fruit, vegetables etc., use: nioxpynuée [pakrupnyéye] a bit bigger nomésnue [pamyél'che] a bit smaller. no ana [pa dva or pé dva] for two (rubles) Now turn over for the exercises based on these dialogues. UNITS 65Practice what you have learned a 6 inthe pictures below the names of the items have been omitted. If you listen to your recording, you will discover what they are. (Answers on page 72.) © @ 3 pyOus 70 Konéex Kr. 2 py6ai 70 Konéex Kr. 6) 7 ‘The man selling tomatoes in the market was having quite a morning. One after another his customers made extra requests, until he was forced to make alist. But has he taken down all the requests correctly? Listen to your recording and pick out his mistakes. (Answers on page 72.) (@ Istman 2 kilograms, smaller size tomatoes Gi) Ist woman 1 kilogram, cheaper (2.50) Gili) 2nd man 3 kilograms, larger size (iv) 2nd woman 2 kilograms at 2 rubles 6) 8 You are buying some vegetables for dinner. And money is an object! Andrei will guide you. 66 UNITSKey words and phrases To use cx6s1bKO CTOHT... [Sk6I ka Stéit...] Mapka JUL asnaKonnépra [mérka dlya aviakanvyérta] ps Auramo? [vAngliyu?] Macao? [mésla?] Moxox6? [malak6?] KOKO CTOsT.... [sk6I'ka st6yat...] nomunéper? [pamidéry?] OTKpKITKH c RitaaMH Mocknst? [atkritki svidami Maskvy?] nditre Bor Sty ¢ pixtom Kpemast [dgitye vot étu svidam Krimlyé] Sror [état] va pfeckom sabié [na risskam yizikyé} na anrafiicKom #361Ké {na angléeskam yizikyé] Gaxérst n Bonmoa TedTp [bilyéty vBal'sh6y tedtr] BKuHO [fkind] na énepy [na peru] Onaéro1 Ha cero [bilyéty na sivédnya] Ha 34eTpa (na z4ftra] nioemténae net? [padishévlye nyet?] noG6arbine [pabél'she] noxpynuée [pakrupnyéye] noméntie [pamyén'she] nioménpye [pamyél'che] KHtorpamM no s1Ba py6.r4 {kilagramm pa dva rubly4] To understand Bac... [svas...] nar énepa... [idy6t 6pera...] ¢K6.1bKO BaM Gus1éTOB? [sk6I'ka vam bilyétaf?] ‘oui py6xe [adin rubl') 2,3,4 pyons [2, 3, 4 rublyd] 5, 6... pyOnén [5, 6... rublyéy] ong a6sutap [adin déllar} 2,3,4 a6anapa (2, 3,4 d6llara] $,6... n6napon [5, 6... déllaraf] naarivte B Kéccy [platitye fkassu] Kak6it ornén? [kakéy atdyél?] how much is... a stamp for an airmail envelope to England? butter? milk? how much are... the tomatoes? postcards with views of Moscow? give me this one with the view of the Kremlin this one (referring to a masculine noun) in the Russian language in the English language tickets to the Bolshoi theater to the movies to the opera tickets for today for tomorrow you don't have any cheaper? a bit bigger, a bit more abit bigger (fruit, etc.) abit smaller, a bit less a bit smaller (fruit, etc.) a kilogram at 2 rubles that will be... the opera... is on how many tickets do you need? one ruble 2, 3, 4 rubles 5,6... rubles one dollar 2, 3,4 dollars 5,6... dollars pay at the cash desk which section? UNITS 67The Russian alphabet Congratulations! When you have studied the five letters below, you will have completed your introduction to the Russian alphabet. Do not worry if you still find it difficult ~ and slow! — to read in Russian. Remember how hard it was at the beginning ~ you have come a long way since then! So the last five letters are: 0 [yu] 4 Its] mt [shch] x [kh this is pronounced ch as in Scottish lock] . ‘hard sign’. This letter has almost disappeared in modern Russian, Once you have made sure that it is a hard sign (i.e. that it has a little squiggle at the top!) we recommend that you ignore it~ the effect it has on how a word sounds is very slight. A few small but crucial words: BXOJI (entrance) BBIXOJI (exit) IEHTP MEHIO ‘The following people played a role in Russian history: XPYMEB TPOUKMM WAPbHMKOJIAM IT EJIIMH And a role in Russian literature: AHHA AXMATOBA = MAPMIHA IIBETAEBA MHXAMUI BYJIPAKOB 68 UNITSHere are some of the posters you might see around theaters and cinemas in Russia. Do you know the works advertised? Teatp Ha Taranke ceroana Wier: Micoorecit BOPHC rOYHOB Gon 3aBTpa POMEO H JIXKK YJIBETTA (Ganer) Tpoxopren Bompuuoii tearp cerowiHa HET: Pumcknii-Kopcakos CHET YPOUKA (onepa) 3aBTpa: UYafikoscKnit EBTEHHH OHET HH (onepa) Kunorearp 'Poccns’ ¢pusibm ceronna Anapeit Tapxoncxui ~AHJIPEM PYBJIEB UNITS 69Milk and tea packaging Grammar Plural of nouns Most of the nouns you have met so far in the plural have the ending -s (sometimes spelled -n). This applies to both masculine and feminine nouns. Thus: niomua6p [pamidér] tomato nomma6ps1 [pamidéry] tomatoes raséra [gazyéta] newspaper —_rasére1 [gazyéty] newspapers ; normally end Neuter nouns, those nouns which end in -0 or -e in the singula in -a or -# in the plural. For example: nucbMé {pis'm6] letter nitebma_{pis'ma] letters uunérse [plitye] dress nxérist [platya] dresses ‘There are of course exceptions to the above, but any irregularities will be noted in a dictionary. We will point out important ones along the way. Complete the sentences below putting the noun in round brackets into the plural. (Answers on page 72.) GY wae Ce nn € KONGACHH? — (GyTepSpbu1) (ii) Cx6m»Ko créaT jaa apnanucema B Aura? — (MpKa) (ii) Uno y pac? Y¥ mena... (bys) Gi) Y wae C88 oon B Boma Tearp? — (Gunér) (v) Ynac ects Ha HeMéllkOM aabIKé? —_(raéra) (vi) Cx6nnKo crésr .. (wanuiaprint) (Vii) CKONBKO CTORT cosecsessnee 2 (TitdTBe) 70 UNITSDid you know? The majority of visitors to the Russian Federation shop exclusively in "Beryozka' shops, and at kiosks in their hotels. These shops accept only foreign currency, travelers’ checks and credit cards. As you might expect, they stock the souvenirs traditionally popular among tourists: dolls, varnished boxes, vodka, caviare and, inevitably, fur hats. They also, however, have other items ~ foodstuffs, cosmetics, technical equipment etc. ~ which are not available for rubles. This strange situation has led, amongst other things, to a flourishing - and nasty ~ black market in foreign currency. Such shops are convenient but since you are learning Russian, it seems safe to assume that you would like to see something of the life led by ordinary people in the Russian Federation, and, of course, practice your Russian! In this unit we have talked only about government-owned shops, leaving markets and the new cooperatives to Unit 6. As you saw when Olya was buying groceries, there are at least two, sometimes three steps to making a purchase in a Russian shop. First you have what you want weighed and priced, then you pay the cashier, then finally you return to the counter with your receipt and take your purchase. Experienced shoppers, if they are sure that the product is available and that it won't have run out before they reach the front of the line, will generally dispense with the first step. This rather cumbersome system has not created the chronic problems of shortages and lines, but it certainly increases the already considerable amount of time people spend each day doing shopping. UNITS = 716) 10 Practice what you have learned Grammar Your turn to speak In the final exercise on your recording, you will be playing the role of a tourist in Moscow. You will need to use the following words and phrases: ck6a1bK0 cr6uT...? [sk6lka st6it...?] aditre, noxéayiicra, ... [déitye, pazhalsta, ...] a aurmiiickom aapiKé [na angléeskam yizikyé] onium xuxorpamm [adin kilagrémm] net noneménne? [nyet padishévlye?} népenkn [pyérsiki] peaches Manjapint [mandariny] mandarins nomuadpst [pamidéry] tomatoes Answers Exercise 1 (i) 30 kon. (ii) 15 kom, (iii) 110 (= Ip. 10 kon.) (iv) 35 Kon. Exercise 2 (i) England; Kiev (ii) France; St Petersburg (iii) New York; Moscow Exercise 3 (i) false (only French) (ii) true (iii) false (English also) (iv) false (only Russian) Exercise 4 (i) a,3 (ii) b,1 (iii) a,2. (iv) b,3 Exercise 6 (a) xme6 (b) cmerdua (c) mécno (d) cup Exercise 7 (i) bigger (ii) 2kg (iii) 1kg (iv) Lkg Exercise 9 (i) GyrepOpéuni (ii) Mapu (iii) bynTer (iv) GuTéret (v) rasérot (vi) Marmapaues (vii) madris 72 UNITSYou will learn more about making purchases how to select what you want to ask for medicine in a pharmacy a few useful phrases to use in line and more about shops and markets in Russia Before you begin From now on the dialogues and notes will be only in the Cyrillic script. You will probably need to go more slowly at first, and do read over the first five units if some of the letters seem unfamiliar. It is well worth the time! Remember that Russian spelling does not always reflect pronunciation, This won't be a problem if you listen carefully to the dialogues and particularly to Andrei’s advice. Study guide jisten without the book Dialogues 1, Dialogues 1, 2: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 3-5: listen without the book Dialogues 3-5: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 6, 7: listen without the book jogues 6, 7: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Study the Key words and phrases Study the Grammar section carefully Do the exercises in Read and understand Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNIT6 73,(9 4 Tamara Assistant Tamara Assistant Tamara Assistant (9 2 Tamara Assistant Tamara Assistant Tamara Assistant Tamara Assistant Tamara Dialogues Tamara wants to buy a ‘matryoshka’ doll, but the price deters her Cxaxatre, noxdayiicra, y Bac ect Marpéunky? Y Hac ect, Ho onft GueHb noporiie. A ck6ubko créur Marpéuka? Cro snaanars py6néi. Oit, 5r0 6ueH® n6poro. A y Hac crs ¥T6-HHGys1b noseMéBne? Ecre. Y Hac ect ntarkti. owt they Marpéuikn (singular: marpéuxa) traditional wooden dolls which open up to reveal another doll, and then another. omit 6uew» noporie they're very expensive. You will find an explanation of adjectives and their endings in the grammar section. cro apamars 120. Three-digit numbers are also formed by simply adding the different parts. $10 6uens a6poro that is very expensive. If you want to say that it's nor very expensive, just use we: $ro ne (6ueHb) 6poro Y bac ecrb 4T6-HUGymt HoseMIéne? do you have anything cheaper? Ir6- HMGyas means ‘anything’. If you wanted something smaller, you would ask for 4r6-un6yith Homénbune, and something larger, 476-HNOY 1b NOGOABIE. naarKit scarves (singular: naar6x). Here are a few other items of clothing you might be interested in: Guyaxa blouse YoOKa skirt mutdirbe dress réaeryk tie GpioKH trousers (pants) _pyGaimnxa shirt So can she see the scarves? Tharksi? A noxaxtire, noxkdayficra, A pam kak6ro 1BéTa HYKHO? Tloxaakiire, kaktie y nac ects. Y nac ects cline it pésopnie. Xopoud. CkébKo cT6xtT porns nmaT6K? P6sopbiti créuT Ha céMbstecstT. Jina cémbsecs. Xopouid, # kyr posowbsit rutar6K. Tord upofiaire & kaccy sannaritre. Xopomd, cnaciiGo. xopomté good, all right ‘Torna mpoituire B Kacey M3amtarire then go to the cashier and pay noKaxkirre, noxasyiicra show (me) please. This request is especially useful since in most shops in Russia goods are behind the counter. Bam Kaxéro néra ny~xHo? what color would you like? (lit. do you need?). Here are the colors mentioned in the dialogue and a few others: pésonbii pink Géabii white caunit dark blue sépapiit black Kpacusuit red senéubiit green 74‘ UNIT6Another question you will often be asked is nam Kax6ro pasMépa HYkH0? what size do you need? If you're not sure of the precise size, you can approximate with one of the following: Gomsmdit big epésunit average Mésnenpxait small Toxaxxitre, kaxtie y pac ect show (me) the ones you've got. Without the first word this could have been a question: Kakiie y Bac ecrs? what ones do you have? ai xynuno... I will buy... Practice what you have learned Read the following statements about some shoppers’ purchases, then listen to your recording and find the one incorrect detail in each. (Answers on page 84.) (i) Nina doesn't want to pay 35 rubles for a blouse so she decides to buy a scarf for 7 rubles. (ii) Vietor thinks that 6.70 is a reasonable price for a tic and asks to see the blue ones. (iii) Yura thinks that he can afford 125 rubles for a pair of trousers and asks the shop assistant to show him some black ones. You are in Moscow buying a present for a woman friend. Good friend though she is, you can't afford to spend too much. Listen to Andrei's prompts. A well-known music shop in Moscow UNIT6 75CPs Anna Sergeevna Woman Anna Sergeevna Woman Anna Sergeevna Woman Anna Sergeevna Woman Anna Sergeevna Woman Anna Sergeevna Woman ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ » 6) 4 Masha Person in line Masha ’ ’ Dialogues Anna Sergeevna sees a woman selling flowers outside the subway Ckaxxrire, novém upersi? Tiea cémpsecar Gykér. Hs cemti nérouex pos. Post caékue, KpactiBbie, ayuiniersie. Caéoxne? Iyunicrsie, cnéxxne. Tloxduylicra, me oui. Her, Het, upyr6i... Bor Stor, Bor Stor. Tloxkényiicra. Moxkésryficra. Toakéayiicra. Tax, mpomry pac. Oru nénern Bd. Toxényiicra. Cracioo. Toxdyiicra. Caacraiio! wa cemf Bérouex po3 with seven roses ‘Tak mpouty pac something like ‘if you please’ cuacraino! a friendly way of saying ‘goodbye’ owém upeTéI? how much are your flowers? [owém...? is a colloquial equivalent of ek66Ko cr6wT...? Its uses are more limited. sina cémbnecst Oykér 2.70 a bouquet. Very often flowers and other products are sold by the piece mrryxa. A single rose for two rubles seventy would be sna cémbnecaT mr Ka. p6abi cnéaKue, Kpachnie, aymmicTie fresh, beautiful, fragrant roses ~ she does want to sell them after all! All the words after péabr are adjectives in the plural (see the grammar section). noxdayiicra, ue onfm one please. The word for a rose ~ poaa ~ is feminine. Therefore if Anna Sergeevna had wanted one rose, she would have said Me ony. pyri, or Stor... the other one, yes that one... This combination of pointing and giving directions is probably as efficient a way as any of indicating what you want! Anna Sergeevna uses pyroit ‘the other’ and Stor ‘that one’ because she is referring to a masculine noun. If it were one rose or any other feminine noun, she would say: apyr§10, por Sty. $rw aéabrn pam this is your money. The word for ‘money’ ~ nénsra — is plural in Russian, Masha is looking for the end of a long line Tipoeriite, kro nocnénHHit? Hapéptioe, 8 Cnacti6o, # 9a naw. uapépuoe probably, I suppose KTo mocaéuauil? who's last? You always use this masculine form even if there are only women in the line! 3a Bimu I'm behind you 76 UNIT6Masha 5 Person in line Masha 4 Masha doesn’t want to lose her place A oroiiy Ha MuHYTKy. Boi cK@&KeTe, 4TO 5 3a BAMH 3aHUMéa? Hoxdayiicra. Cracii6o. a oToiAy Ha MuHYTKy I'm going away for a moment Bhi ckdKere, 470 43a BAMM 3aHMMd1a? Will you say that I'm behind you? There is a whole culture about standing in line. People establish their position, and go off for a while—often to join another line! Practice what you have learned Volodya is looking for flowers to take to a friend. Prices are high so he has to shop around. How much do each vendor's flowers cost? (Answers on page 84.) @ uperet .. Gi) poser (iii) uperst Walking down the Arbat, Volodya and Tanya pass a number of people loudly advertising their wares. Which adjectives refer (according to their sellers!) to each thing? (Answers on page 84.) (i) Marpéukn (a) ayumierbie — (b) caume (i) péae (©) pyeexne (4) Tpanuunounere (ii) maarKa (©) cnéxne (8) wenoportie UNIT6 77Dialogues 6) 6 Misha is tooking for something to drink Misha — Cxaxtire, y aac ects munepanbHaa pos? Salesperson Muxepanbutoit soni ner. Misha Auto ectu? Salesperson — Ect cox. Misha A ny, OfuTe mo6ésHb1, Tord coxa. Salesperson Tloxkanyiicra, w Kacy mectautecstr naTs KonIéeK. coK fruit juice O¥abTe m0GEsHB1 please, be so kind ny well vorna then % | Munepdenas noua mineral water. Misha is told that there isn't any: munepa.rsHomt Boxe ner. Her means ‘there isn't/aren't’, and the endings of the words have changed. This always happens after ner. The case is called the genitive. If there were no fruit juice cox (a masculine noun) or milk Mowtoxé (neuter noun), Misha would be told: c6xa Het, Mox0Ka Her. Don't worry at this stage if you can't remember the endings. Do, however, notice those endings you see here, and be prepared for a word sounding rather different from the form you would find in your dictionary. § | c6xa some juice. Misha has changed the ending here (also genitive) to indicate 'some juice’. He could also have said cox. | Bxaccy mectsmecéT Konéex 65 kopecks to the cashier (maTiire is understood) 6) 7 Inthe pharmacy Viadimir —Y pac ects w16-nu6y.» or HéemopKa? Pharmacist Mexténopoe mécno, ertipe KonéiKH. Vladimir Or ronosndi 66nn? Pharmacist —'Téxsxo acnupiin, ects Konéex. Viadimir — Avanorvinia wer? Pharmacist Avanpriina noKa Her. Vladimir Cxéxxo Sto crour Bee? Pharmacist Jlécars konéex. B KAccy, noxkéyitcra. Viadimir B xéccy. Cnacti6o. Pharmacist Tloxéatyitcra. MenT6s10B0e Maco menthol oil acuupaa aspirin nox wer not at the moment 9 | ynac ecrs wr6-nu6y.» or néemopKa? do you have anything for a cold? You may also want to know how to ask for the following: 4T6-HNGY.1» OF FoAOBNGA O6.1H for a headache ‘ur6-unGyns or Kéms for a cough » | sersipe konéixn miects KonGex, Like all nouns Konéiika and py6.1s have different endings depending on the number. Use the following table as reference. (ro créur) ony Konéiixy ‘outa pyOm» 2-4 konéinxn 24 pyonsi 5, 6... KonéeK 5, 6m pyGnén | auansréua ner? is there no analgin (a popular painkiller)? The noun is awaabréin when it is not followed by ner. 78 UNIT6Practice what you have learned 2 5 Onyour recording you will accompany Alla on a shopping expedition. It is not especially successful ~ very few of the items on her list are available. Can you find the ones which are? (Answers on page 84.) (i) Maeno (ii) KonGacd (iii) corp . 6 Below are pictures of three people all feeling ill, but in different ways. Listen to the recording and see what the pharmacist is able to offer each of them. (Answers on page 84.) to know the word mukerypa ‘cough mixture’. You will ne @ new GY A chemist on Arbat. In this street, popular with tourists, street traders often display their ‘goods on the outside of shop windows. UNIT6 = 79Key words and phrases To use $10 64ens n6poro Y Bac ecTs 4T6-Hn6yab... oseuténne? or maemopxa? oT ronoBH6n O60? or Kaus? kynirrs, a KyIuNO posonnim maToK pOs0RbIii, «as, -o€ ciunit, -21, -ee Senéubii, -as, -o€ Gommdit, -As, -6e cpésnnit, -a8, -ee Mas1eHKMit, -a51, -0€ nloKaxire, KakHe y Bac ect. KaKOit, ~fs, -6e Kpacrnpii, -ax, -o¢ ApyrOHt, -, -6e Ko mocnénun 3a BAM (adie) Mune onvin (aire) Mue onny To understand BaM Kak6ro 186" BaM KaK6 80 UNIT6. that’s very expensive do you have anything. cheaper? for a head cold? for a headache? for a cough? to buy I will buy a pink scarf pink dark blue red white black green big average, medium small show (me) the ones that you've got which expensive fresh beautiful (the) other who's last? I'm behind you give me one (masculine noun) give me one (feminine noun) what color would you like? what size would you like?Grammar An adjective describes a person or a thing. In Unit 1 we mentioned that any word describing a noun has to ‘agree’ with it, that is, have the same number and gender. In the dictionary you will find an adjective written thus: p6s0nbiii, -as, -oe pink This tells you the endings for masculine, feminine and neuter nouns in the singular. So: p6somsii natéK a pink scarf p6s0nax ¥oOKa a pink skirt p63onoe mrarse a pink dress ‘There will sometimes be differences in spelling or pronunciation, but the entry will show you that, for example: chunit, -113, ee dark blue If the noun is in the plural, there is another ending to learn, but at least only one! Whatever the gender the adjective will end in -s1e (sometimes spelled - ne): pésopbie naarka pink scarves soporte MarpéunkH expensive matryoshka dolls chume nréres dark blue dresses You may have guessed that if a noun has different endings depending on its ‘function in a sentence, so too will adjectives describins You will have most use for the accusative case (the object of a verb). And best of all, normally only the feminine endings change! In the second dialogue you heard Tamara say that she would buy the pink scarf: A xynat posonnit ntaT6K Similarly, nothing would have changed if she had wanted a pink dress: AA xynato pévonoe nxdtse But for the feminine noun: AA xynm péxonyr0 voOKy Before you try the next exercise, we would repeat once again that endings are something you may aim to master in the long term but if you don't remember them at present, it won't matter! In the following shop dialogues, the endings of the adjectives have been left out. Can you fill them in? (Answers on page 84.) () -¥ nacecrs pévon__ nnarKa? - Her, wo y wac ects sépu__, xpéen__w3enén__ narKii. = Xopoui6, 1 kyr senén__ maarox. (ii) - Ay pac ects 4épn__ Yo6Ku? - Her, oy nac ects Kopiunen_,Kpicn _ p630B__106KH. - [laivre, noxaanyiiera, Kpacu__ roOKy. (iii) - ¥ pac ects Kpacn__ Bun6? - Her, Ho y nac ects Gé1__ BMNd. - Xopomd, # kyr 661 nnd, UNIT6 81Read and understand A group of tourists dropped into the 'Beryozka’ shop in their hotel. Beside their names you will find written down what they were looking for. Read the advertisement below and then write down which of the tourists were completely satisfied, and which only partially. (Answers on page 84.) Tom looking for an English tie, can't spend a lot Louis wants an expensive French wine Lesya wants a pretty scarf, Ukrainian or Byelorussian Roy looking for a typically Russian toy for his child Ann wants a black skirt, preferably of Italian make Hans wants a bottle of Russian vodka, doesn't want to pay a fortune !! BEPESKA !! Y nac ecre HEJIOPOTAA PYCCKAS BOIKA KPACMBbIE YKPAHHCKME IMIATKM MTAJIBAHCKME FOBKU - POSOBBIE, CHE, PYCCKME MATPELIKU HEJIOPOTOE ®PAHILY3CKOE BHO HEJIOPOTME HEMELIKME PAJICTYKM (i) Tom (ii) Louis (iii) Lesya (iv) Roy (v) Ann (vi) Hans On the left-hand side you will see signs from various shops in Moscow. On your right is a box with items Tamara intends to buy. It would of course be much more efficient to have the items next to the name of the shop... (Answers on page 84.) @ SURE (a) mndres (b) maipxn (c) maicno Gi) TACTPOHOM (4) Mewréaonoe maicno (e) Mo0K6 () orkpsirkn (g) anaaorin ii) YHMBEPMAT (h) mare (i) Marpéuxu (iv) TIOUTA ] (i) anvéxa (pharmacy) (i) raerpon6m (grocery store) (iii) yunpepmar (department store) (iv) n6wra (post office) 82 UNITSDid you know? One way of avoiding the time-consuming system described in the previous unit is to shop at the market. Z/, that is, you can afford it. Perhaps the reason you seldom stand in line at a market is that the prices are very high. Markets have always been expensive. People from collective farms, allowed to grow produce on a small piece of land, would bring it to the city to sell. They brought small amounts and so charged a lot. ‘At the time of writing, government stores were empty enough to drive many to shop at the market, and prices had reached record levels. None the less, even if you don’t buy anything, markets are a colorful and interesting sight. The availablity of fruit and vegetables depends to a large degree on the time of the year, though many come from Georgia and Azerbaijan, where the climate is milder. Meat is generally also on sale, and sometimes even handmade items of clothing. ‘As in markets the world over, you don't need to accept the first price quoted - you know enough Russian to haggle! You can also normally try the fruit, salted cucumbers etc. before buying them (indeed some try this instead of buying!). ‘As well as market traders, you also find people selling produce - at the same kind of prices - outside subway stations. Toward the end of the 1980s there was a noticeable easing in the restrictions on private trading. As a result, many new kiosks have opened, selling handmade items. Western goods and anything which the average person can't find in the shops. Prices, however, are often exorbitant and frequently provoke resentment, UNIT6 83(poe Practice what you have learned Grammar Read and understand Your turn to speak In these exercises you will be inquiring about and purchasing things in a pharmacy. You 1! need to use the following phrases: y hac ects ur6-nu6yits oF nécmopxa / or rononudii G6.1n? Yy pac et ananbriina? a Kynmo... Answers Exercise 1 (i) scarf costs Srubles _(ii) asks to see all that they have (ii) trousers cost 50 rubles Exercise 3 (i) 3.50 6yxér (ii) 2 py6u4 urryxa (iii) 2.70 Oyxér Exercise4 (i) c,d (ii) ae (ili)b,f Exercise 5 (i), (vi) Exercise 6 (i) cough mixture (ii) menthol oil (iii) aspirin Exercise 7 (i) pésonnie; sépawie, KpacHbie, 9e16H Ie; SeNEHBIT Gi) sépruse; koprunenute, kpacnete, posonie; Kpacny1o Gili) Kpacutoe; 6éx10e; 6én0e Exercise 8 (i) inexpensive, but German ties (ii) French wine, but inexpensive (iii) pretty Ukrainian scarves (iv) Russian matryoshka dolls (v) Italian skirts, but pink or blue (vi) inexpensive Russian vodka Exercise9 (i) d,g (ii)c,e (iii) ahi (iv) by f 84 UNIT6An information bureau You will learn to ask what the time is to understand the answer! to ask when shops, etc. open and close to talk about what you do on days of the week and at different times of the year and a little about what Russians do on their days off, Study guide Dialogues 1-4: listen without the book Dialogues 1-4: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 5, 6: listen without the book Dialogues 5, 6: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 7, 8: listen without the book Dialogues 7, 8: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned ‘Study the Key words and phrases ‘Study the Grammar section carefully Do the exercises in Read and understand Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNIT7 856) 1 6) 2 Tanya Boris Mikhailovich Tanya Boris Mikhailovich Tanya » C2 3 Tamara Misha (2 4 Tanya Tamara Tanya Dialogues What is the time? Koréppiii vac? Bécemt 4acés. Kor6psii 4ac?- what is the time? Bécemb 4ac6s cight o'clock. Yacén is used with numbers from five ‘onwards. From two to four the ending is different: nea, pM, weTtipe vacd, while one o'clock is simply wae. Tanya is asking the time But He aHdere, KoTOprili ac? Bes apanuarh nénath. Tpocriire? Bécemp c6pox. Craci6o. BbI He aH4ere,.... you don't happen to know...? Just about any question in Russian is felt to be more polite when made negative. If you actually don’t know, you will answer: He aHi10, 6e3 anannarh aésaTe twenty to nine, Literally this is ‘without twenty, nine’ (more details in the grammar section). npocritre? sorry? Tanya hasn't understood either! Instead of npocrétre? she could also ask nowropirre, noxkdayiicra please repeat that. B6cemb c6pox eight forty. In this simpler ‘digital’ form of the time, the words for hours and minutes are often omitted. In railway stations, airports etc. '24-hour digital’ time is commonly used. You may hear people using "12-hour digital’ time. However, in their day-to-day life, Russians still tend to use the first type of answer. Now Tamara wants to know the time Cxé6axo ceitudc ppémenn? Tlars munyr uerséproro. CK6abko ceituaic ppémenn? what is the time? This is another common way of asking the same question. MaTb MuufT YeTBéproro five minutes of the fourth ‘hour’ understood), ie. five past three. You will find a list of these ordinal numbers on page 93. Tanya and Tamara have finished breakfast A Toi He aHdeutb, cK6mbKO celiude BpémeHn? Tonopsina nepsroro, Oi, # yoxé ondspiBaio. of here an expression of consternation yxxé already 86 UNIT7() A café’s opening hours 2 ‘Thi He 3udemmb...?- the same question as in the first dialogue, but Tanya is talking here to a close friend. nononina xeBsroro half-past eight a yxké ondznpimao I'm already late Practice what you have learned Before you begin these exercises, read the grammar section on page 93. On your recording you will hear people asking the time. Listen very carefully then see if you can put the following times in their correct order. (Answers on page 96.) (i) 9:45 (ii) 4:15 (iii) 2:00 (iv) 4:45, (v) 6:00 (vi) 1:30 Your tum to ask the time. Andrei will guide you, UNIT? 8769 5 Misha Salesperson Misha Salesperson 6) Misha 6 Tanya Clerk Dialogues Misha asks about the shop's hours Ckaxtire, noxkdnylicra, korad orkpsindetca Bau Marasiin? Hau maraai orpsindetcst a RéceMb Yacén yTpa. Cmacti6o. A kori y pac nepeptin? Tlepeptin c wiicy 10 By. Cnach6o. mara3n shop, store mam (fem. mama) our kor orkpsindercs nam marasin? when does your shop open? If you wanted to find out when the shop shuts, you would ask: Kora4 3akpbinderca nam Mara3in? 1 B6ceMs 4acbB yTpA at eight o'clock in the morning. When saying ‘at’ a particular time, p is used before the number (this is often scarcely audible). “At eight o'clock in the evening’ would be e nécemt wacés néuepa. And ‘at three o'clock in the afternoon’ ~ 8 TpH aca sNst. Korma y nac nepeprin? when is your break (for lunch)? nepepéts ¢ acy 110 Byx break is from one to two. Numbers often have different endings after prepositions such as ¢ ‘from’ and so ‘to’. From 2 to 3° is € anyx a0 Tpéx, ‘from 4 to 5' ¢ uermIpéx 20 TA, ‘from 6 to 7’ ¢ mecTA 0 cemit, From then to 12 the numbers end in -1. ‘Again you may not need to use these numbers, but you will want to recognize them. Listen carefully as Andrei reads them, since they can sound quite different from the numbers you are used to. Tanya wants to know why her train hasn't arrived Tlouemy ner néeana wa Apocnasns? Yoxé rpx acd. Tides, wanépHo, ondsmetpaer 4 HY-KHO CHYMIATD OGbABNEHHA siKTOPA. née3x train nanépuo probably omdayeinate to be running late nlowemy Her n6ea1a H3 Apocndwna? why isn't the train from Yaroslavl here? The word for ‘train’ is méeau (it has become néeasia because it is used after wet). nowem{...? why...? A reason as such is not given in this case ~ Tanya knows that the train is late! However, the response to now? will often be noTOM 470... because... yoxé Tpit aca it is already three o'clock HYAKHO CHYUIATS OODsBACHNS AAKTOpA you need to listen to the announcements 88 UNIT7Practice what you have learned The signs below have fallen off their appropriate shops. Read the opening hours below then listen to your recording, and put the signs back in place (Answers on page 96.) @ cH) Gi) HOUTA YHMBEPMAT MATA3HH (a) 9-18 (b) 11-20 © 8-19 nepeppts 2-3 nepeppis 1-2 nepeppin 1-2 The customers in the following dialogues all express indignation over shop timekeeping — unfairly, as it turns out. By listening to the recording, you should be able to say how long each customer will have to wait. (Answers on page 96.) (i) Istman (ii) woman (iii) 2nd man This baker is closed for repairs and gives details of the nearest bakeries UNIT? — 89bed ot Misha 6) 8 Misha Dialogues Misha describes a week during the semester B nonenésbHnk # xokY B MHCTHTYT. Bo BT6PHHK y MeHA cBo6SHBIi JeHb, H A HHOrA XOX B OHOMMOTEKY, a HHOrA HMYErS He jésaI0. B cpéiy, B YeTREpr HB ATHHUY 8 OnsiTb xorKY B HeTHTYT. B cyOOTY 3anMaioce chéprom. A B BockpecéHbe A BCTPeUsIOCb C ApyabsMH. nnornd sometimes 3aMHMirica cnéproM to take part in sport GuGanoréKa library neTpewarncs ¢ mpy3bimn to meet with onsers again friends B NOHEIEILHMK, BO BTOPHNK, B Cpéay, B YeTHEpr, B nATHMLY, BcyYGOOTY, 8 pockpecéuse on Monday, Tuesday, ... 8xOxS BMHCTHTYT I go to the institute, The verb xomMTs (# XOKY, BHI used when you say that you go somewhere frequently. It is ly followed by w or wa and a noun in the accusative case. ‘Thus Misha says # xox B MHCTHTYT but # XOAY B OHONHOTEKY. cBo66aubiii eH» a free day. Misha means a day ‘free’ from lectures. A non- working day (for both people and stores, etc.) is BLIXOAHOit NeHD. a nmuer6 He nés1a10 I don't do anything. Hueré means ‘nothing’. If it is used with a verb, you need ne before the latter. Other such phrases: a nnuer6 He 3H10 I don't know anything a nmuer6 ne xouy I don't want anything si umuer6 He nonnMato I don't understand anything What about vacation? Samane kanfixyss HaunHdiores B annapé, JIérHue KaHfiKysmb HadHHdwTes BHO H KOH'dOTCA B dBrycre. JIéToM # moGmM xomiTs BTOXOAbI, a SHMGH 5 HOG KaTarbes Ha TIMDKAX. panpapé in January (see full list Baprycre in August ‘of months on page 92) XoaHTh BMOX6AbI to go hiking puione in July Kararbes Ha aKDKAX to ski afiMHMe KAHMAKY:nb1 winter Vacation AéTHMe KAMMKY.II. summer vacation ‘The word Kawfikysnes (vacation) usually refers to school and university vacations. Leave for working people is Ormyex. afMHHe KAMMKYs1b1 HAMMAGIOTes B sHBApE winter vacation begins in January Konudrnes to end. The verb endings naunnéiores and KonuéioTes are the third person plural, used because the noun Kawfkys1s1 is always plural, aérom in summer 3HM6it in winter ‘The two remaining seasons: necdit in spring 6cenmt0 in autumn (the fall) 4 moOnt0... Like... When you are saying ‘to like to do something’, this verb is followed by an infinitive verb. 90 UNIT7Practice what you have learned 6) 5 Vera stepanoyna’s family always has enormous problems arranging a vacation together. If you listen to the snatches of conversation on your recording and then fill in the missing details below, you will know why. (Answers on page 96.) (i) Bépa Crendnonna: 6rnyex begins ends .. (ii) Maxeém Herpésnu: Srnyex begins .. ends ... (iii) Japieaz Grnyex begins .. , ends . 6 inthis exercise, you are a student talking about a normal week during the semester. A newspaper cartoon. The banner says "I don't understand anything"! UNIT7 91Key words and phrases KOTOpsiii Hac? / cK61EKO ceit¥de npémenn? (see Grammar for all the times) Bb He andere, 4 (He) 3HAI0 mpocrétre? nosropitre, noxanynera Kor} orkpsinderes mara3in? 3aKpbipderes KHOCK? y pac nepep: B p6ceMs Hacée yr apa acd Ha BimiecTs ache nénepa cacy 0 aByx € BYX 0 TPEX uersapéx 10 sir nowemy..? noromy 470... a onda ;nb1Bato née31 ondasqbinaeT B mone né1bHMK BO BTOpHHK Bcpény B uernépr a nacrunny BcyOosry B pocxpecéune AXOKY BMHCTHTST B OuGaMoTéKy cB0661HbIK Heb BbINOHGH eH annapé B chenpané BMapre Banpéae aMée Bmione Burone » doryere Bcenraopé BOKTAGpé B HORGpE B neKaopé auMoit BecHéit éToM 6cenbIo what is the time? you don't happen to know...? 1 don't) know I beg your pardon? please repeat that when... does the shop open? does the kiosk close? is your lunchbreak? at 8 a.m, at2 p.m, at 6 p.m. from 1 102 from 2 to 3 from 4 to 5 why...? because... I'm running late the train is late on Monday on Tuesday on Wednesday on Thursday on Friday on Saturday on Sunday 1 go to the institute to the library a free day a day off; day when shop ete. is closed in January in February in March in April in May in June in July in August in September in October in November in December in winter in spring in summer in the fall 92 UNIT7On the hour One to thirty minutes past the hour After the half- way point Grammar Koropsii sac? / CK6.16Ko cetiudc Bpémenn? What is the time? ac one o'clock cems wacés seven o'clock apa act two o'clock Bécemb acés eight o'clock ‘Tpu uacé three o'clock mépaTb 4acén nine o'clock uerbipe wacé four o'clock mécaTh 4ac6s ten o'clock nar 4acés five o'clock ouiHHaquaTs Yacés eleven o'clock mecrs wacés six o'clock mpendnuatt 4acés twelve o'clock Korsa...?2- when...? To say ‘at’ a particular time, you simply put » in front of the number, e.g. Bawa Yacé at two o'clock NB Here too endings change after numbers. After two, three and four, the ending is -a (genitive singular). From five onwards the ending becomes -on (genitive plural). One o'clock is simply the word for ‘hour’ — ae, and it doesn't need an ending. Other masculine nouns have the same endings, take Gunér ticket and n6ap dollar, for example: oni OME, os A6sAp iba (TPH, 4eTvipe) Guxéra, napa MATE (IneCTb, .) GHAIETOB, 16s1apOB For the first thirty minutes of any hour, Russians talk about so many minutes of the next hour. Here are some examples: nas MAHYT épBOrO five past 12 nécath MHHYT BTOpOrO ten past 1 usTHdquare Mang Tpérsero a quarter past 2 apAimath MHHYT eTBEpTOrO twenty past 3 ARgMATh HATE MAHYT HTOrO twenty-five past 4 nooniua miectéro half past 5 ‘The ordinal numbers used in this way are: népesiit first cemsmGit seventh Bropéit second nochM6it eighth rpérmit third MeBsr tit ninth uersépriiit fourth neces tenth nicrot ‘fifth oufmnannarsiit eleventh mecroa sixth mpensmareii — twelfth ‘The most important thing to remember is that Russian always looks forward to the next hour. Arriving exactly one hour late could be very inconvenient! After the half-way point one says that it is so many hours minus the number of minutes, 6¢3 apaguara nari uac twenty-five to 1 6e3 aaanaTé Ba twenty to 2 6e3 naTHanaTH TPH aquarter to 3 Ge necaTh wersipe tento4 6e3 nara nT five to 5 ‘The number after Gea ‘without’ has a new ending — m. It is wise to be aware of this since the number can sound quite different. If this all seems daunting, remember that you won't necessarily ever need to use these times, just to understand them if you hear them, UNIT7 — 93,Read and understand 7 Appointment books can bring order to one’s life, but they can also wreak havoc. . . Read the following notices then explain why Volodya seems to have got everything wrong. (Answers on page 96.) My26ii Mymxnna Kagé br. cp. orkpsit ¢ 10 s10 18 padsraer - orkptir ¢ 10 10 17 cll no 22 c6., ac. oTKpéIT c 14 0 18 BEIXOANGH eH — BTOpHHK BHIXOMHOH sleH — none MéDHK Tacrponém KuHoredrp ‘Pocctis" paGGraer nH, 'Méstenbkas Bépa', Ha. 8 20.00 81021 br., cp. Hoxasinne™ nepepsin c vacy 10 aByx Ir., 06. H pe, ‘Basuidua 0 coanére’ BHIXONHGML sleH — BOCKPECéHKE nau, 8 19.30 (@ enonenéasumx 11 4acén — my2¢i Tfuxuna (ii) Bo BrOpHK 12 4acdn — 066 B kacpé (iii) wepény 20.00 — kwn6: 'Mésienpxas Bépa’ (iv) nuersépr 1.30 - Kym#r» nponfKTH B racrpouéme (vy) pustrnmny 9 wacén — my3éi Hymxnna (vi) BeyOodry 8 uacép néuepa — und: "Basia o connate’ (vii) mpockpecéuse 7 0 11 ace néuepa — FkuN B KaChé 8 The following snatches of conversation have all become jumbled up and make no sense. Using the pictures to guide you, put them in the correct order. (Answers on page 96.) (i) Uo Bet a06nTe néraTs 3HMOR? (ii) Maraain orxpoinderes 8 nécem» sachs Gi) Cx6.nxo cefude mpémenm? (iv) Hnwuer6 ne néa10 (v) 106m Kararees Ha aKDKaX (vi) Houemy ner néesna? Yaxé nécars uacds (vii) Tare mung nicroro (viii) Koraa orxpsinderes nam marasin? (ix) “ro ner aésaere w cyOOory? (x) Hea ondsaninaer 94 UNIT7Did you know? Borxogusie mun (days off) Stores are open on Saturdays, but for the majority of Russian people the working week ends on Friday. Parents who scarcely see their child or children during the week will spend a lot of time with them on Saturday and Sunday, Despite the fact that both parents normally work, in a two-parent family the father will typically play with the children while the mother cooks, cleans and searches the shops for necessary items. Since the late 1980s, there has been greater freedom of worship, and a marked religious revival, and many will take time to worship in churches, synagogues or mosques. Even in the big cities, people do not very often go to the theater, movies or concerts. There are obviously exceptions, but for most people it is difficult to obtain tickets (the very verb used, xoerér means ‘to obtain with difficulty’), Few would eat out in restaurants or cafés except on special occasions, chiefly because such places are scarce. Of late, more have opened, but these are often prohibitively expensive, or require payment in foreign currency. The lack of activities and places for young people to go is particularly sharply felt. ‘The large cities may often seem transformed on weekends. If at all possible, urban dwellers try to escape the city. Excursions into the forest to pick mushrooms or vitamin-rich berries are favorite occupations. Anyone who can, rents (or buys) a ua, a small vacation house out of the city. For the average person, this will be no more than a hut, with few conveniencies, and it may take a long time to get to it by public transportation. Nevertheless, these dachas are much sought after. We have talked exclusively about city dwellers. In numerical terms the number of visitors from the countryside and smaller cities more than compensates for those leaving the city on weekends. Although these visitors do sightsee, in general they come to the big cities in order to buy food, clothes, and other items not available at home. Adacha UNIT7 95Your turn to speak 6) 9 Youwitl bea student finding his way around Moscow in the first part of this exercise, then you will have a chance to talk a little more about yourself. The following expressions will come in handy: Kora orkppinéercs..? Korad y pac nepepéu KaWAKY.IbI HAMHNAIOTES / KOHUAOTES.. a mob.10. XOMHTE B HOXOTDL Answers Practice what you | Exercise 1 (iv), (iii), (ii), (vi), (), (Vv) have learned Exercise 3 (a) ii (b)i (c) iii Exercise 4 (i) 1 hour (ii) !/2hour (iii) 1 hour Exercise 5 (i) January, February (ii) April, May (iii) August, September Read and understand | Exercise 7 (i) Mondays closed (ii) Tuesdays café is closed (iii) film only on Monday (iv) lunchbreak 1-2 (v) opens at 10 (vi) begins at 19:30 (vii) closes at 22 hours Exercise 8 i, v, iii, vii, ix, iv, vi, x 96 UNITYou will learn to ask where places are and how to get to them to understand directions and there will be some information and advice about public transportation Before you begin ‘A word of advice: when a person gives you directions, it is unlikely that you you will understand every word. But remember, you don't need to! You want the gist, the crucial words which will tell you where to go. Study guide Dialogues 1, 2: listen without the book jogues 1, 2: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned jogues 3, 4: listen without the book Dialogues 3, 4: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 5-7: listen without the book Dialogues 5-7: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Study the Key words and phrases Study the Grammar section carefully Do the exercises in Read and understand Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNITS 97Dialogues 6) 1 Lyena is tooking for a post office Lyena Bui ne ckéakere, re sutech OUT: Passerby — Ui6ura uépes s0péry Lyena — CnaciiGo. Passerby — Tlox4nyticra. ameck here, in the vicinity néwra_post office # | Boine cxaxere...? you couldn't tell me... could you? Like mbt we andere...?, this is a way of ‘mellowing a request for information, + | épea aop6ry across the road. Some other common answers to listen for are (the embarrassing) n6sra pAitoM ‘the post office is next door’ and néwra 3a yr6M the post office is around the corner’. ey 2 tra wants t0 get to the Arbat fra__Jgsywxn, wopnutire, noxkinyiicra, phi He noxcKéoxere, KaK mpoitrét Ha ApOér? Young woman Tipdimo u uépea epexut, Ira A St0 160? Young woman — Her, re-ro TpH MHHYTEI. Ira Tp Munyres. A Bb He cKakeTe, TAM Hax6sNTeA NOM-Myséit TyurKiHa? Young woman Ila, 30 KBapTiipa TIA... OM HOMep TisTEMecsT TPH. Tra Tateaecsr rpu, 1a? Cracti6o Gomuiée, waBMHtire. Young woman Hé 3a «to. Ap6ar a famous street in Moscow kpaprapa apartment nepex6.t_ passageway né aa 40 don't mention it ‘am there: the opposite of sect nom-my3éii Tyunkuna house-museum in which the poet Pushkin lived for a while | aésymixn girls. The age at which this word ceases to be appropriate would be difficult to fix. Hapnnitre, noxdanyfcra excuse me please, and a smile work just as well and will never offend! § | nor ne noxcéxxere...? There's litle difference between this question and pbt ne cKaxere... 4 | xax upoitré ua Apoar? How do I get to Arbét? You can use kak mpoitré...? in asking how to get anywhere on foot. Everybody knows what ApGa'r is, but usually the place you are looking for will be called jamua street, mpocnéxT avenue or na6mtasts square. You might, for example, ask: kax mpoitr... How do I get... na anny Hocroéscxoro? 10 Dostoevsky street? na mpocnéxt Mapa’? to ‘Peace’ avenue? va rudurane Tguixnna? to Pushkin square? (See also the grammar section on page 105.) + | upamo u épes nepex6a, straight ahead and through the passageway. Other words you should listen out for are nampano to the right and nanéno to the left. A series of instructions may be connected by HOTOM next. | ro a6:1ro? wil it take long? A rough translation since Ira's question is telegraphic, omitting all but the key word, The woman replies in similar fashion: Pue-To TpH Mun{rb around three minutes. ua? is the Pushkin house-museum there? If the place you § | ram nax6amres nom-my36it IY 2 where is... located? are looking for is a fair distance away, you can ask rite Hax6suTe | xnapriipa apartment. The woman begins to say apartment No. ... then corrects herself. It is in fact om nsTbecsT TpH house No. 53. 98 UNITS.Practice what you have learned Nina is still finding her way around in a new area. From her house she has been given directions to various places. On your recording you will hear these directions, but not the places! Follow the instructions each time, then see if you can complete the questions she asked. (Answers on page 108.) (i) Bot ne exdaxere, rae auecs (ii) But ne exioxere, rae aeck .... (ii) Bot we cxéxere, re 3ech (iv) Bot ne cxaxere, re 31ech ‘A tourist is given some directions and writes them down in translation. Unfortunately there is one mistake in each set of instructions. Listen to your recording, then correct his notes. (Answers on page 108.) (i) post office - straight ahead, then to the right; across the street from the Bolshoi Theater (ii) department store ~ straight ahead and through the passageway; opposite the subway station (iii) café - through the passageway is the Pushkin museum; the café is across the street UNITS = 99.69 6 Tanya Tamara 4 Masha Passerby Masha Passerby Masha Passerby Dialogues Which trolleybuses go to the Pushkin Museum? Tamépa, Tht He 3HAeIIb, Kaki TponnéliGyc HET 0 Myséa TY mKuHa? To myséa Nyuxuna naér rpoméiiGye stopéit, rpfmiarh néppbiti H BocemHdsuarbii, Heuié Hier aBro6yc BOceMOM H risTbnecsT 1sTHth. Kak6ii TponxénGye waér no My3éa HIfumkuna? which trolleybus goes to the Pushkin museum? You can find out about buses or trams by substituting for rponéHoye the words asr6oyc bus or Tpamaait tram. If you wanted to know about trolleybuses to Red Square or Dostoevsky street, you would ask: Kax6il Tpoxéii6yc uaér 20 Kpacnon mGmann? / 0 fnmunt HocroéscKoro? (More about these endings in the grammar section on page 105.) Tanya can't remember this deluge of numbers either! You met the ordinal numbers up to 12th in the last unit, Up to 20th they are also regular and easy to lean: Tpunasuars becomes TpHHdsmaTotH, HeTspHATMATD — NeréipHaauarsit, etc. From 21st, itis only the last number which changes according to the noun, i ApduunaT népBosit TpostTéAoye Don't forget that you probably won't need to use these numbers, just to understand them Masha wants to get to Pushkin Square Ckaxkitre, noxkényiicra, a kak MHe oTcIONIa MpoéxaTb Ha Tiymxneicyo niduae? Bam HY2kHO GxaTb Ha MeTp6 s10 craHunn 'TYmnKkMHCKast. A S10 610? Her, acer6 uertipe ocran6pxu. Crach6o. Tloxdayiicra. oretoxa from here Tyuxnuekas ni6mans /n6mass Hyuikana Pushkin square Kak Mute orcrota npoéxars na IIfmkuneKyio mi6utann? how do I get to Pushkin Square from here? Since she knows that it is a long way, Masha has used the verb mpoéxars to get somewhere by vehicle. Kak Mue mpoitri...? / Kak Mue mpoéxaTb...? are set questions when asking for directions. The pronoun mue is often omitted, Bam nfxno éxare na merp6 you need to go by subway Exar» is the most common verb for 'to go by vehicle’. 'I go by subway! is éay wa Merp6. You may also be told: Bam HY2KHO éxaTs Ha aBTOOyce You need to go by bus Bam HyAKHO éxaTe Ha TpOAEHOYce You need to go by trolleybus aM HY AKHO éxaTb Ha TpaMnde You need to go by tram baM HY HO éxaTb Ha nbeIIe You need to go by train a0 crénunn 'EymKnneKas' to 'Pushkinskaya’ station peer 4ersipe octanéakn only four stops 100 UNITSPractice what you have learned , 3 Below are pictures of signs you will see on a city street. Look at the numbers of the bus, trolleybus or tram routes which go from each stop and then listen to the dialogues on your recording. Can you tell which stop you need to wait at to get to each place? (Answers on page 108.) TPOJIIEMB YC ABTOBYC 4, 11, 23 13, 35 TPAMBAM TPOJIIEMB YC a. 1 (b) (©) (i) Kpacnas naémany (ii) Apoar (ii) Tfmxenexas nadmans 7) 4 — onyour recording you will hear a sightseer asking how to get to various famous places. He understood at the time, but later it was just a jumble of words, Listen, and see if you can find the necessary stations on the subway map below. (Answers on page 108.) MEHIEZEEBCKAR yam 13 TOA smerion svasaar BAPPMKAMIAS. soueoania KOMCOMOIIECKAR FKEACHOOPECHENCKAS y eaBhise worors EBA KyreKas ratrast-ronO yl TaPK KYAETYPAL OKTABPRCKAS (i) Kpemas (ii) mya¢i Hjmxnna (iii) Boasmdit rearp This was the most up-to-date map available in early 1993, however many stations have new names and more are likely to be renamed (see Did you know? on page 177). UNITS 10163 69 6) Misha Passerby Masha Passerby Masha Passerby Misha Passerby Masha Passerby 7 Misha Passenger Misha Dialogues Misha is looking for Vagan'kov cemetery Ckaakiite, kak MHe mpoéxare Ha Bardunkonckoe Kéu6uu1e? But xoriire npuiéxaTb k Morfisie Boicoukoro? Hla. Torad nam Hiker nedmuaTs TpéTHit Tpampdii. Cnach6o. Toxkényiicra, KundnGmine cemetery vorma then Bardukonckoe k4a6mine Vagan'kov cemetery. An old cemetery where the poet Esenin and the singer/bard Vysotsky are buried. Bui xoriire upuéxars K Morte Buie6ukoro? do you want to go to Vysotsky's grave? Since Vysotsky's death in 1980, this cemetery has been a piace of pilgrimage for lovers of his songs and verse. BaM H§2keH andumaTe Tpéruit rpampdit you need a No. 23 tram. If the thing needed is a feminine noun, you will hear: pat ny2kx4, and if itis neuter: BAM HY2KHO, ¢. BaM HY2KHa BTOpas OCTaH6BKA you need the second stop ba HgakHo Taxed? do you need a taxi? Where does he catch a No. 23? Ckaxcire, noxdnyiicra, a rie ocranénxa samaTs TpéTsero TpaMBéa? Bam HykHo l1poiith upsimo 4 éxar Hanpano. Cnaci6o. Toskasyiicra. rue ocrandexa 11u4)uaTs Tpérsero Tpamsds? where is the stop for the No. 23? The word for bus, trolleybus or tram stop is ocran6axa, and both the noun and the number (‘23rd’) take genitive endings after it. In fact, there was nothing to stop Misha asking simply: a re ocran6axa? Since he had just been told to take the No. 23, he wasn't going to be asking about any other stop! bam HY.kHO npoitrh mpsimo m éxars HaMpdno you need to go straight ahead then travel to the right In the tram Misha battles his way to the exit Vopnnitre, pst puixdnre Ha cnényiomei? Her, He BbIXOxY. Tor ad paspeuitire upotirh. BbI BHIXOAUTe Ha CHEAyIOMIeH? are you getting out at the next stop? People begin edging their way to the exit well before a train or bus stops and you will hear this question often, In reply you would say: 1a, # BBIXOAKY oF HeT, Ame BLIXOAKS. paspemnitre mpoitri_ allow me to pass. If you can't remember this, MOacHO? may I? will achieve the same result, 102 UNITSPractice what you have learned On your recording you will hear people asking for directions. Listen several times then tick the correct answer. (Answers on page 108.) ‘You will need the word Teneuéup ‘television center’. (i) The man needs to travel (a) by tram to the television center (b) by trolleybus to the television center (ii) The woman asks about (a). the stop for a No. 22 bus (b) the stop for a No. 25 trolleybus (c)_ the stop for a No. 25 bus (iii) The man is told that (a) the No, 9 trolleybus stop is across the road (b)_ the No. 10 bus is straight ahead You are a tourist trying to get out of a bus UNITS 103Key words and phrases To use BbI He cKaxKeTe, ..? ckaxkiiTe, HoxKaNyiCTa, napunirre, nox asyncra rte aitectn.? rule Hax6nHTCs.. Kak mpoitri, Kak mpoéxaTs. Ha ApOar? na yanny Hocroésexoro na Tyunknmexyio mi6mane? 5ro néaro? KaK6it aBTOGye HIET 10... my3éa Tynknna? Kpacnom ni6uiaam? gaunst HocroéscKoro? BbI BBIXOaHTe Ha cAényFONIeH? ‘A (He) BLIXOKY paspemnirre npoirrt To understand uépes nopéry uépes nepexdn aneck Tam éxar» wa Merp6 10 créummn Ha aBTé6yce Ha Tposnéii6yce Ha Tpampée na née31e Bam Hy Ken TpérHit Tpamnait aM HY2KHA BrOpaa OCTANODKA Ordinal numbers (Ist — 12th are in Unit 7 on page 93.) ‘Tpundanarbrit, -ax, -o€ weTsipHamarsii, -ax, -0€ naTHamMaTbM, -ax, -0€ mecTHaaNaTbIh, -as, -0€ BocemnamuaTEIit, -ax, -0€ MeBATHANMATHI, -A8, -0€ BasIATDI, -ax, -0€ apdanats népsbii, -as, -oe 104 UNITS could you possibly tell me...? tell me please... excuse me please... where in the vicinity is...? where is... located? how do I get (by foot)... how do I get (by vehicle). to the Arbat? to Dostoevsky street? to Pushkin square? will that take long? which bus goes to... Pushkin museum? Red Square? Dostoevsky street? are you getting off at the next (stop)? I'm (not) getting off allow me to pass you need to go (by foot).. you need to go (by vehicle)... straight ahead to the right to the left across the road through the passageway here there to go by subway to the station by bus by trolleybus by tram by train you need a No. 3 tram you need the second stop thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth twenty-firstGrammar Prepositions Words such as 10, through and from are called prepositions. As you would expect, they are particularly useful when asking for directions! You met quite a few in this unit: 8 / wa to, uépea through and 0 up to. Easy enough to Jearn, but unfortunately there are other changes. Each of these prepositions is said to ‘take’ a particular case, that is, it makes endings change in a particular way. Two cases are common when you are talking about going to places ~ the accusative case, used after B, wa and 4épe3, and the genitive case used after sno. In Unit 3, you saw that a feminine noun has a new ending if itis the object of the sentence (this is its accusative ending). It ends in exactly the same way after the preposition or ta meaning 'to, into’ and after 4épe3 meaning ‘across’. For example, the word for street is Yuma: to ask how to get to Dostoevsky street, you would say: Kak npoitrat wa ganny Hocroésexoro? Masculine and neuter nouns do not have different endings for the accusative. ‘One warning: p and wa can mean to, into’ if they come after a verb implying motion. However, they can also mean ‘in, on’, in which case the endings are different, i.e. Kpemtb 8 Moexné ‘the Kremlin is in Moscow’ (see the grammar section on page 31). Certain other prepositions, like 10, take the genitive case. Look at the following examples: KaK6ii awré6ye HaéT 10 ApGara? Kak6il aBr66yc Her 0 §mus1 HocroéscKoro? A masculine (or neuter) noun will simply add -a (sometimes spelled -a). A feminine noun will end in -6 (sometimes spelled -m) after these prepositions. A tourist visiting Belarus, Ukraine and Russia is asked by a Byelorussian border official which places he plans to see. He produces the following list of cities: (i) Muck. Gii) Kies (v) Mocksa (ii) Onécca (iv) Homrana (vi) Herep6ypr Here is a script of what he could have said, but you will need to add the cities with the correct endings. (When talking about movement to a city, the preposition a is always used.) (Answers on page 108.) (i) Hény moro (iii)... morém (ii) ,MoT6M (V) . nor6m (iv) . noroM (i ‘You will be traveling by bus, so you will need to ask: (i) néara (iii) redxp (v) pecropan Gi) marasin (iv) amréxa You will be travelling by bus, so you will need to ask: KaKOll aBTOOyC HET... (iv) 20 (v) a0 (i) m0. (ii) a0... ii) a0... (Answers on page 108.) UNITS 10510 Read and understand Members of a tourist group in Moscow spurned the services of their guide, asking only for a map of the metro and instructions about how to find some famous places. They managed admirably! Follow their instructions and the map, and mark out the route they would have planned in order to take in all the places. MENIESEEBCKAS HOBOCIOBONCKAR yma vw FOIA TRRACHOMIPECHENCKA Lt sarrafb-roPon (i) Boasm6a redrp — ua merpé 10 crannun "Tearpareuas! Gi) Kpesom # Kpdcuas na6man» — wa Merpé 10 cranmun 'Kwréit-r6poa! (iii) TpersaKésckas ranepéx — na merpé no cranusu 'Honoxysnéukas! (iv) Hamicion Monactsips — na merpé no craémunn 'TYaneKas! (v) Ap6ar — na merpé no crénumu 'ApGarckas' fan 'CMonéucKas! (vi), My36i JLLH. Toaer6ro — na merp6 sto créuunn 'KponérkuncKas! (vii) Kunoreérp 'Poceis:' — na merpé 10 crénumn 'TIfumuneKas! Below are two types of tickets commonly used by Muscovites. On what forms of transportation can they use each ticket? (Answers on page 108.) ~ABLYCT 1992 3 tA ro TRANCNOPTA 3 371290 a panne Be | (jy 106 UNITSDid you know? Getting around in the city For many years visitors to the Soviet Union were quietly discouraged from traveling around the city by themselves. Tourists were transported from one worthwhile ‘sight’ to another by coach, and rarely met Soviet people. Fortunately the atmosphere has changed, and since public transport within cities is good, if crowded, we would recommend that you make your ‘own way about. Especially now that you have learned to ask directions! ‘Some of the large cities have good subway systems, as well as trolleybuses, trams and buses. In the main cities you will also find Mapup§tHbie TaKeh, minibuses carrying about 10 passengers which follow a fixed route (normally indicated on the side window). You can ask the driver to stop anywhere along the route (just give the name of the place with noxkdaryiiera). Finding a taxi has become quite a problem unless you're outside a hotel, where there are always those wanting to eam some foreign currency. You probably won't need your Russian though ~ they seem to be able to negotiate their deals in any language! Tickets There are special barriers on the subway which only let you through after you have put in your money. However, to use trolleybuses, tram or buses, you need Tan6us1 or, more colloquially, ran6uunxw. These small tickets are available in booklets of 10, either in special kiosks on the street, or from the driver at a stop. If you are near the little machine, you can clip the ticket yourself. However, if you are wedged in among other commuters, hand it to it to somebody and say nependitre, nox anyitera (pass it along please). The ticket will soon come back clipped! Those who use public transportation a great deal buy the more economical and convenient eamuteii, a travel pass valid for one month. By the way, despite inevitable tension and friction caused by overcrowding, it is unusual for children or elderly people to have to stand in public transportation. wl ete did Moscow UNITS 107Gu Practice what you have learned Grammar Read and understand Your turn to speak You have just arrived in Moscow. You need to find out where the pharmacy is, how to get to Pushkin square, which trolleybuses go to Arbat and where the trolleybus stop is. You will be using the following phrases: nopnnitre, noxaayiter: cKaxxitre, noxdsyitera, THe 33ecb...? kak mpoéxars n/ta.. KaK6it TposéhOye WET 10... arse ocran6pka? Answers Exercise 1 (i) kacé (ii) Marasiin (iii) my3éit_ (iv) 6HOnHoTéKa Exercise 2 (i) straight ahead, then left (ii) store is next to underground station (iii) Pushkin museum is around the comer Exercise3 (ie (iia (iii)b Exercise 4 (i) Kurait-ropox (ii) Kpontorxunckas (iii) Tearpassuas Exercise 5 (i) b (ii)¢ (iii)a Exercise 7 (i) 8Muncx (ii) nOnéccy (iii) n Kien (iv) » Morésy (v) B Mocks (vi) » Merep6ypr Exercise 8 (i) 10 néurst (ii) 20 Marasina (iii) 10 Teérpa (iy) 20 arrréxnt (v) 110 pecropana Exercise 10 (j) all types of city transportation (ii) all types except underground 108 UNITSYou will learn to ask how to get to places outside the city to buy train and plane tickets to ask for information about departure times, where to go, etc. torent a car and you will read about travel within the Russian Federation MOCKOBCKHA FOPOACKOR COBET N10 TYPH3MY H OKCKYPCHAM KOHTPOJBHBIA ‘MOCHOBCHOE TOPORCKOE 6I0PO SHCHYPCHA ik BRIETY suaet & 09445 o 4451S ggaast § eit iar tev tamtem taelatines eee a) Ger r0 a aa Ha lp. 20 x. i eee ee vmioune aati dN cages arpideie ‘ Study guide Dialogue 1: listen without the book Dialogue I: listen, read and study Practice what you have learned Dialogues 2, 3: listen without the book Dialogues 2, 3: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 4, 5: listen without the book Dialogues 4, 5: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 6, 7: listen without the book Dialogues 6, 7: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Study the Key words and phrases Study the Grammar section carefully Do the exercises in Read and understand Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNIT9 1096) Tamara Passerby Tamara Passerby Tamara Passerby A station Dialogues Tamara wants to know how to get to Zagorsk Hspuntire, sbi He ckdxere, kak 106xaTb 10 3ar6pcKa? Jiyumre seeré Ha s1extpituKe. Tpocritre, ac kak6ro noKé1a? C Spocsdnckoro, Bonbiniée crracti6o. Toxkényiiera. an dpex or, since 1991, Cépruen Moca, a small city outside Moscow, containing a monastery which many consider the spiritual center of the Russian Orthodox Church ayumi ncer6 best of all KaK 0€xaTs 0 3arépeKa? how do I get to Zagorsk? Yes, the verb has changed! Kak 10éxart 10...? isn't much different from Kak Mpoéxats B/ a...?, but it's better when talking about places further away. Since the preposition 10 is used, the endings are those discussed on page 10S. Ha 9uexTpitake on a suburban train, If Zagorsk were further away, she would have heard wa nese on a train. C kax6ro woxséa? from which station? A railway station is wox3éat. The preposition ¢ means ‘from’ when followed by this genitive ending. station; the word for station has been ¢ ApocucKoro from Yaroslavsky left out since it is understood. HO UNIT9Practice what you have learned Below is a diagram showing five of Moscow's railway stations and the directions in which they face. Underneath is a jumbled list of cities which one can reach from these stations. After reading it, listen carefully to the dialogues and fill in the city which each arrow is pointing towards. (Answers on page 122.) (a) Kfescknit Box 341 > (e) @) A departure and arrivals board Kypexit nox () |__ Bestopyecknii Box3dit © KasducKnii Box3i (iv) Cmonéucx (i) Kummnén (v) Honocu6apex (ii) Caapxana (ii) X4pexon You will be trying to get to one of the above places. Listen to Andrei's prompts. UNIT9 111€) 2 Tamara Clerk Tamara Clerk Tamara 6) 3 Tamara Woman Tamara Woman Tamara Woman » Dialogues At the station Tamara buys a ticket to Zagorsk BYaure moGésHb1, sirre, noxKAnyiicra, osufin Gunér 10 SarépcKa. Ban tys14 4 o6parHo tin T6bKO B OnH KOHEL? BYasre mo6ésHb1, Ty14 u O6parHO. C pac pyOup nécarh. Bospinide cnach6o. Of.awre 0GE3HB1 please, be so kind ‘TéabKo only onitH OHA1éT 30 SaropeKa one ticket to Zagorsk. If you wanted a ticket to Moscow you would ask for: ouiin Ouaiér 20 Mocks: aM Ty:14 H OOparHO? do you want a round-trip ticket? B oft KOHEN a one-way ticket She asks a young woman when the next train will be Hopnniire, wot He ckdxere, Kora Omn-xdiiuian s1eKTpHIKA 10 Sarépexa? Uépes narHamare MHHYT, B 17:30, Ckaxxtire, ac Kaki mardpopMir? TouHo He néMHIO, KéoKeTCs CO RTOpGIi. Tlocmorpiire Ha Ta66. Bonbmide cnacti6o. Tloxdnyficra. korad Gamxdimas saexrphuka x0 3arépexa? when is the next train to Zagorsk? A more common way of saying 'the next train’ is enéayromras ouexTpiaKa, ‘Saexrpiiuxa is a feminine noun. A long-distance train is néeaa. Since this noun is masculine, the question would become: Korstd Gamaxdinunit (or enénytounnit) n6e3n 20 Kena? when is the next train to Kiev? Some other useful questions: Kora népsaa anextpiuxa no Sarépexa? when is the first train to Zagorsk?| Korad nocnéanas a1exrpiuxa x0 Mocksst? when is the last train to Moscow? uépes naTHdauars Munyr in 15 minutes. Not too long to wait — she might have been told wépes monwacd in half an hour, or 4épes uac in an hour. © kak6it naarcpépmei? from which track? The word maarcpopa is feminine. co Bropéit from the second (this is the same preposition ‘from’ — it is simply impossible to pronounce without the o!) ‘Toano He n6mMI0 I don't remember exactly késkerca I think, it seems (to me) Beware of such words ~ if you hear too many in one response, you may want to ask someone else! Nocmorpirre na Ta616 look at the board. In a smaller station, you might be told: nocmorpiire na pacnucdnue look at the timetable. 112 UNITSPractice what you have learned .) 3 Trwee friends went on daytrips out of Moscow. Well they were supposed to be daytrips. .. However, only one bought a round-trip ticket, and the others were stranded. Listen to your recording, then write down what each asked for. (Answers on page 122.) (i) Maitre, noxdayiiera, onin GHAEr .... Bam ryn4 H o6patuo form T6.1bKO B OnsH KONE? (ii) Maitre, noxaayiera, onan Ounér ... Bam Ty24 4 o6parHo Hum T6.1KKO B OMAK KOHEH? (ii) Maitre, noxéayitera, onin Onér .. Bam Ty:14 4 OOpaTHO fu1H T6a1bKO B omN KONE? z 4 ips es pu te eels ae railway station. Only the destination is shown. If you listen carefully to the following snatches of conversation, you should be able to add the time of departure and the track. (Answers on page 122.) Sicnas Tonsua MERA itt ha spéma ornpannénus | | ppéms ornpannéaus | | npéms ornpanaénna (i) i) (iii) . 5 You are a tourist wanting to go to Vladimir. As usual, Andrei will guide you UNITS 113,Ira Clerk tra Clerk tra Clerk Ira Clerk dra Clerk Ira Clerk Dialogues Iraiis at the Aeroflot desk of her hotel booking a flight apdsersyiire. T66pe1i tex. Y pac ects 6unérbt 10 Merep6¥pra Ha 34nrpa? A cK6mbKO BaM MecT HY2KHO? Hea. Ceituéc nocmorpio... Ha 34nrpa, K coxanéHiio, Mect Her. K coxkasnénmvo [ksazhalyényu] unfortunately ¢K6I1KO BAM MeCT HY2kHO? how many seats do you need? ceftude nocmorpro I'l just have a look Meet mer there aren't any seats. Mecr is the genitive plural of méero, a neuter noun. Maybe there are seats for the day after tomorrow? A a nocneséerpa? Ontin Moménr... Ha nlocneséerpa, noxéuyficra, Ha péficet B 7:35, B 14:25, B 18:35. mecté ect», Tléitre, noxaényiicra, upa Gunéva Ha 14:25, Tloxkdnyficra, kdeca pinom, yruiarire, noxdutyficra, 9a Onnér. Cnach6o. Beeré Hauryumero. Cuactavinoro nioséra! ‘omin momént one moment xécca pinom the cashier is at the next desk yusarire, noxdsyiicra, 3a Ousér pay (there) please for the ticket Beeré Hanayunero all the best euacrumnoro noxéra! have a good flight! ‘ana nlocaesésrpa? what about the day after tomorrow? If Ira needed to travel on a specific day of the week she would ask for OHNéT Ha NOHeAENBHMK, Ha BTOPHMK, Ha cpésty etc na péficbt 87:35, w 14:25, w 18:35 mecré ect there are seats on flights at 7:35, at 14:25 and at 18:35 aga Gunéra wa 14:25 2 tickets for the 14:25 camonér airplane 114 UNITSPractice what you have learned > 6 The Acroftot assistant has alist of flights still available, with a note of how many tickets are available on each. Listen to your recording. Cross out any flights on your list which are now fully booked. Readjust the number of seats available after all three customers have been served. (Answers on page 122.) (i) ma cerénna (12:25) (oniu Gunér) (ii) wa séerpa (14:25) (a Guxéra) (iii) Ha mocneséerpa (18:35), (uerwipe Ounéra) .) te You will be buying tickets for flights to Moscow. Listen to Andrei for full details as | AK M 529921 Bpewa navaaa pernerpause sea : (SO PARET ote... fo af Rene RACE Ge MT TAS | +] my. a [72a ben Ph ae ALLAN. Sey UA | o SAGHERTY] a, cane v Homer AgMPMENTA Pony ber era id ocposatne.. mon nsPtueNt vacowe “e:ceneiBunitA UNIT9 1156 ¢) Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Tanya Clerk Dialogues At her hotel Tanya asks about renting a car Supancrayiire. 3upancrayiire, Y bac MOxkHO BaaTE HanpoKér Mamuiny? Toskanyiicra. Kakyio Mamtitny ot iperiounréere? Cpésio.. 51 pexomeHutyo Bam Hrican Bay6épu. Xopouis. A ckébko $10 GYuter cCrGHTE B eH? S10 créur 40 nés1apor 6e3 crpax6pKu. A neeré cK6mbKO? * Beeré Sto GYner créMTb 40 n6nIapoR HOC 3 AGsIApa crpaxdeKa mumoc Gensiin. a pexomensay1o nam... I recommend... mn0¢ TPH 6s1apa erpaxdaka toc GeHsAH plus 3 dollars insurance, plus gasoline Y Bac MOKHO B3ATE HaMpoKéT Mauifny? can I rent a car here? Kakj1o Mauniny Bit mpeanounTéere? which car would you prefer? In her response Tanya could have said # mpestnoumravo I prefer, or simply # xouy T want. cpéamtor medium-sized. A big car would be Goa»uryto and a small one Masrenbxyto. By the way, do always listen carefully to the ending of KaKéa? which? since any adjective you use in response will probably have the same ending. Cx6.1nK0 S70 6fneT cr6WTE B jeHK? how much will that cost per day? She might have asked how much it will cost per week ek6sbKo 50 Ofer cTOMTE BHeNéN0? Ge3 erpax6sxn without insurance. Bes ‘without’ is another preposition which is followed by the genitive case. Beer6 cK61bKO? how much all together? Tanya will take it ‘Sto mena yerpdupaer, Ha Kax6it cpok Bot xorsire B3aTb MaLuiiHy? Ha nenémo. Tloxkényiicra, néirre Me cBo¥ KpesirHyto KéprouKy H mpand. Bor, noxanyfiera. Cnacii6o... Bospaiite, noxduyiicra... S70 6Ynet cTOHTb BaM TpricTa narrHduiart 16su1apoB. Xopomns. Mauusiny ppt BosbMére B Hdiiem rapaxké, Cracii6o, Ilo cauaduns, npuxonitre ene. $10 Meni yerpaupaer that suits me mpana driver's licence (plural in Russian) B Haute rapaxxé in our garage npuxositre em come again 116 UNIT9Oleg Clerk Oleg Clerk Oleg Clerk Oleg Clerk Oleg 9 wa KaK6ii cpox? for what period of time? ua nenémo fora week. Or you might want it for two weeks wa swe Hené.IH. AairTe Mune cnovo KpenitTHyt0 K4prouKy M upana give me your credit card and driving licence cvoro/séuny — both forms are possible here. There is more about cpoii, cBosi, ‘ep0é on page 138. Bosbmitre, noxdayiiera take (it) please. The two other forms of the verb Baas, ‘to take’ you will need are: a BOIbMY I will take BBI BoabMére you will take ‘pticra three hundred. Four hundred is wersipecra and five hundred ATHCOT. Practice what you have learned In the dialogue below Oleg is looking for a small car. Certain key words have been left out and are jumbled up in the box below. Listen to your recording, then fill in the gaps. (Answers on page 122.) 0 Cx6.Ko O¥aer CTOHTE ManeHbKaR Mamma B Gi) crpaxéuxn 50 n6.anapos . (iii) A... ck6bKO? ww) _aésu1apa Beer6 5ro Ofer crdur $0 n6..1apop mn06 .. o ‘erpaxénka . . Genstin. Sto Meus yerpaupaer. wi KaK6it cpox nbt xoTHtTe BoaTb MaMuiny? (wit) Ha... wit) Toxéayitera, néirre mue samy Kpeniruy¥o KApTOUKY H .. Bor, noxkéayitera. npasi Ges ma wceré.eném0 = TpM_— eH» atvoc You are a visitor to Moscow on a fairly limited budget. You will be practicing asking for different sizes of car, saying how long you need the car for and asking the crucial question about cost. UNIT9 117Key words and phrases To use KaK joéxarb 10 3arépeKa? © KaK6ro BoK3a.1a? onset Onsnér uaa (TpH, 4eTsipe) GuéTa ao Terep0ypra a0 Mocks ‘TysK4 4 OGparHO Bonin KONE kornd caéayioutas eK Tphuka 10...? Korsid cxéayLoMUN n6e3 10...” ¢ Kak6it nnaT¢6pMut? y Bac ecTb OMNETEI... na ceréna? na santpa? na nocaesderpa? na perc p 14.25? Y BAC MOKHO B3ATS HAMpOKAT... mauniny? auenpKyso mauufiny? epéanio10 mamniny? Gosrmunyro manutiny? CK6BKO 570 O¥aer CTONTH Benn? Bnenémo? Berd cK6m5KO? BIATS (A BOILMY, BLI BOILMETE) AXONS BHT /x BOIbMY MaUIHY... na Henés110 na je Henan To understand Ha sek TpituKe na néease uépes maTHasuaTs MungT nocmorpitre Ha Ta6.16 CKONBKO BAM MecT HY2HO? wa s4BTpa Mec HeT na 34pTpa mecra ech Ha KaKOA CpoK BbIXoTHTe BATH Mamuiny? 6e3 erpaxdnKn Tunoc Gen3in how do I get to Zagorsk? from which station? one ticket two (three, four) tickets to St. Petersburg to Moscow there and back one-way when is the next suburban trai when is the next train to...? from which track? do you have tickets... for today? for tomorrow? for the day after tomorrow? for the flight at 14:25? do you have for rent... acar? a small car? amedium car? abig car? how much will that cost... per day? per week? how much all together? to take (I will take, you will take) I want to take /I will take the car... for a week for two weeks by suburban train by train in fifteen minutes look at the board how many seats do you need? there are no seats tomorrow there are seats tomorrow for how long would you like the car? without insurance plus gasoline 18 UNITS10 New words: Grammar Verbs Russian verbs have six different endings depending on who is performing the action. There are patterns which you can follow in order to work out the ending for a verb you have never seen before. The first type of verb ‘conjugates’ (changes its endings) like the verb saab (to know): HAO Tknow ‘Tet audeum —_-you know (sing. to a child or a friend) on/ona sndet he/she knows MbI 3H4eM we know nb andere you know (pl. or more formal) out aHdtor they know The verbs 34mpakars (to have breakfast), o66naTs (to have lunch), §-xwnarre (to have dinner) conjugate in this way, as does the important verb MOMMA'S (to understand). There are also many verbs whose infinitives end in -eTb or -wk. Most of these will conjugate like rowopfrrs (to speak): a ronopto I speak ‘Tet roBopiium you speak (sing. to a child or a friend) on/oud ronopirr he/she speaks Mbironopfim we speak Bhi ronopitre you speak (pl. or more formal) oui rosopir they speak Here are three important verbs that follow the same pattern: emorpérs: (10 look, watch) cr6uTs (to cost) nmOMHHTE (to remember) A word of warning: You can't be sure that a verb will follow the above patterns. There are quite a lot of irregular verbs which unfortunately just have to be learned. the correct forms of the verbs in parentheses. (Answers on page axypuda, (umrérs — to read) Sra mapka 1114 annaxounépra w Auramo? (crourn) pecropine. (snrpakars, o6é1aT») (ii) CkéanKo ii) Own a6Ma, a (iv) Bor... mo-pyeekm? — Ja, a. emudro. (rosopiirs) (vy) Morne rae $ro Kacbé. (3HaTb) (vi) Ona xopom no- (v) aHéem (vi) HonMMéeT (vii) eyuraem (viii) rosoprins; wurrév0 (ix) nésauT (x) eréar 122. UNIT9CY You will learn to make a booking in a restaurant to order a meal for one and for a group to ask for vegetarian dishes to find out about drinks to ask for the bill and you will read about how Russians entertain Before you begin You will find it useful to look over Unit 4 in conjunction with this unit, Study guide Dialogues 1, 2: listen without the book Dialogues 1, 2: listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned jogues 3, 4: listen without the book jogues 3, 4; listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Dialogues 5-7: listen without the book Dialogues 5-7; listen, read and study one by one Practice what you have learned Study the Key words and phrases ‘Study the Grammar section carefully Do the exercises in Read and understand Read Did you know? Do the exercises in Your turn to speak Listen to all the dialogues once again straight through UNIT10 123Dialogues ¢ 3 1 ‘Seanya has dropped tnat'a cooperative cajé for lunch Tanya 3npéscrayiire. Waiter T66puiit newb. Tanya _Idirre, noxxényiicra, Mer, Waiter Tpomy osHaxémurecst. Tanya — 3uech Tak MHOro Gmon. A “To BEI opeKomeHsIyere? Waiter XONGHOE 4 BAM MOPEKOMEHLY10 N6GHO. Do GuKou0 rpyshHcKOH KYXHH, O4eHb BKYCHOE, Tanya A waropfiuee? Waiter A na ropiiuee — 1 Tax mai, uTo KMeBcKy!o KOTIETY. Tanya CnaciiGo. Mento menu pouty osHaK6mmTEes please look at it 3166n0 a Georgian vegetable dish with green beans and walnuts BKYcHBIt, -ax, -0€ tasty | auecb Tak Muéro Gmtoq there are so many dishes here. Mu6ro 'much/many' is always followed by a noun in the genitive case. Buon is the genitive plural of Ovox0. | ro est nopexomenayere? what would you recommend? A nopexomenayio I would recommend » | Ha xon6aoe for the cold dish, hors d'oeuvres na ropiuee for the hot dish Instead of wa xon6anoe you will often hear wa saxycky, while wa ropéuee is another way of saying wa Bropée for the second course. On this occasion no first course of soup was offered. % | Garon0 rpysiinexon Kyxum a Georgian dish. You might also be offered: Gaon0 pyeeKon KYxwu_ a Russian dish G:vouo ykpasncKoit KYxHm_ a Ukrainian dish # | a rax nymato, wo KiescKyto KoTxéry I would think Kiev cutlet. Although the meaning is clear, this sentence does not bear grammatical scrutiny! = 2 “tanya has finished hermneal Tanya CrractiGo 3a conér. Bcé Gxis10 6ueHt BKYCHO. Waiter A ro pam mpuecrit na secépr? Tanya — CnacriGo, # y>xé cprré. Eom MOxkHo, uduneaky Ké¢e. Waiter BYuer uciémeno. Oyaer ucndanexo it will be done | cnact6o 3a conér thank you for the advice. For’ in this sense is 9a. “Thank you for everything” would be enaci6o 3a ncé, | ncé Gxi0 6uens BKYcHO it was all very tasty. If you are still eating, you can use the present tense: Beé duew» wxYeno it’s all very tasty. | 470 Bam npunectit wa necépr? what can I bring you for dessert? That day the café offered Mopéaxenoe ice cream, Komm6r fruit compote, pomonast GaGa rum baba and Gamust pancakes. 9 | a yaKé corré I'm already full. A man would say: 1 yaxé corr. 4 | €cam m6xxHo, wémeuKy K6cbe if possible a cup of coffee. Once again the verb has been left out. She might have said mpmecitre bring me. ‘“émeuxy is a common diminutive form. You could also ask for wdmuxy K6cbe. 124 UNIT 10