Trang

nh chnh sch B quyt n luyn thi i hc theo ch mn Vt L in xoay chiu

in
Sa li
V d 4: Mt dng in xoay chiu c cng tc thi: i = 4

cos100t (A) i qua mt in tr R = 5 .

1) Tnh nhit lng to ra in tr R trong thi gian 7 pht.
2) Nhng R vo mt bnh cha m = 1,2 kg nc. Hi sau thi gian 10
(pht) nhit nc trong bnh tng bao nhiu . Bit hiu sut ca qu
trnh un nc l H = 90% v nhit dung ring ca nc l c = 4,2
(kJ/kg.C0).
Hng dn
1) p dng cng thc:
2)

Ta

Q I Rt 4 .5.7.60 33600 J

14

26

H .I Rt
cm

Qthu H .Qta cmt H .I Rt

0

c:
2

t 0

4 , 2.103.1, 2

V d 2: in p hai u on mch c biu thc u =

200cos(100t + 5/6) (u o bng vn, t o bng giy).
Trong khong thi gian t 0 n 0,01 s in p tc thi
c gi tr bng 100 V vo nhng thi im
A. 3/200 s v 5/600 s.
B. 1/400 s v 2/400 s.
C. 1/500 s v 3/500 s.
D. 1/200 v 7/600 s.
V d 1: Dng in xoay chiu chy trong dy dn c
biu i = 2cos(100t - /6) (A) (t o bng giy). Tnh in
lng chuyn qua tit din thng ca dy dn trong
1/300 (s) k t lc t = 0.
A. 6,666 mC. B. 5,513 mC. C. 6,366 mC. D. 6,092 mC.
Hng dn
Cch 1:
t2

Q idt
t1

1 / 300

1 / 300

2)

Ta

Q I 2 Rt 4 2 .5.7.60 33600 J

6 ,366.10 3 C Chn C.

cm

Qthu H .Qta cmt H .I 2 Rt

0

c:

H .I 2 Rt

0 ,9.42 .5.10.60
3

4 , 2.10 .1, 2

60 0
C
7

V d 2: in p hai u on mch c biu thc u =

200cos(100t + 5/6) (u o bng vn, t o bng giy).
Trong khong thi gian t 0 n 0,02 s in p tc thi c
gi tr bng 100 V vo nhng thi im
A. 3/200 s v 5/600 s.
B. 1/400 s v 2/400 s.
C. 1/500 s v 3/500 s.
D. 1/200 v 7/600 s.
V d 1: Dng in xoay chiu chy trong dy dn c
biu i = 2cos(100t - /6) (A) (t o bng giy). Tnh in
lng chuyn qua tit din thng ca dy dn trong 1/300
(s) k t lc t = 0.
A. 6,666 mC. B. 5,513 mC. C. 6,366 mC. D. 6,092 mC.
Hng dn
Cch 1:
t2

1 / 300

t1

Q idt

2cos 100 t dt
3

sin 100 t
100
3

1) p dng cng thc:

t 0

12 0C

cos100t (A) i qua mt in tr R = 5 .

1) Tnh nhit lng to ra in tr R trong thi gian 7 pht.
2) Nhng R vo mt bnh cha m = 1,2 kg nc. Hi sau thi gian 10 (pht)
nhit nc trong bnh tng bao nhiu . Bit hiu sut ca qu trnh un
nc l H = 90% v nhit dung ring ca nc l c = 4,2 (kJ/kg.C0).
Hng dn

0 ,9.4 .5.10.60

V d 4: Mt dng in xoay chiu c cng tc thi: i = 4

2cos 100 t dt
6

sin 100 t
100
6

1 / 300

6 ,366.10 3 C Chn C.

28

V d 6: Cho dng in xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 2

A chy qua bnh in phn cha dung dch H 2SO4 vi
cc in cc tr. Tnh th tch kh iu kin tiu chun
thot ra trong thi gian 16 pht mi in cc.
A. 0,168 lt. B. 0,0235 lt. C. 0,047 lt. D. 0,056 lt.

V d 6: Cho dng in xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 2

A chy qua bnh in phn cha dung dch H 2SO4 vi cc
in cc tr. Tnh th tch kh iu kin tiu chun thot
ra trong thi gian 5 pht mi in cc.
A. 0,168 lt. B. 0,0235 lt. C. 0,047 lt. D. 0,056 lt.

58

V d 9: t in p xoay chiu vo hai u on mch AB theo

V d 9: t in p xoay chiu vo hai u on mch AB theo

th t gm cun dy thun cm L c cm khng 100

tr R = 100 v t in C c dung khng 200

3 , in th t gm cun dy thun cm L c cm khng 100 3 , in

3 mc ni tr R = 100 v t in C c dung khng 200 3 mc ni tip,

tip, M l im gia L v R, N l im gia ca R v C. Kt qu

no sau y khng ng?
A. in p hai u
on AN sm pha
hn in p hai u
on mch AB l 2/3
B. Cng dng in tr pha /3 so vi in p hai u on
mch AB.
C. in p hai u on AN sm pha hn in p hai u on
mch AB l 2/3.
D. in p hai u on mch AB sm pha hn in p hai u t
in l /6.
Hng dn

M l im gia L v R, N l im gia ca R v C. Kt qu no sau

y khng ng?
A. in p hai u
on AN sm pha
hn in p hai u
on mch AB l 2/3
B. Cng dng in tr pha /3 so vi in p hai u on
mch AB.
C. in p hai u on AN sm pha hn in p hai u on
mch AB l 2/3.
D. in p hai u on mch AB sm pha hn in p hai u t
in l /6.
Hng dn

tan AB
tan AN

Z L ZC
R
ZL
R

AB C

100 3 200 3
100

100 3
100

3 AB

3 AN

0 : u AB s m hn uC l
3 2
6
6

tan AB
tan AN

Z L ZC
R
ZL
R

AB C

100 3 200 3
100

100 3
100

3 AB

3 AN

0 : u AB s m hn uC l
3 2
6
6

Chn B.

Chn C.

80

Bi 79: on mch AB mc ni tip theo th t gm in tr R = 50

cun dy c in tr r, c t cm L v t in C = 0,2/ mF, M l im
ni gia C v cun dy. M t i n p xoay chiu n nh c mc vo
AM, khi dng i n trong mch i1 = 2cos(100t - /3) (A). i n p ny
mc vo AB th dng i n qua mch i2 = cos(100t + /6) (A). t cm
ca cu n dy bng:

Bi 79: on mch AB mc ni tip theo th t gm in tr R = 50

cun dy c in tr r, c t cm L v t in C = 0,02/ mF, M l im
ni gia C v cun dy. M t i n p xoay chiu n nh c mc vo
AM, khi dng i n trong mch i1 = 2cos(100t - /3) (A). i n p ny
mc vo AB th dng i n qua mch i2 = cos(100t + /6) (A). t cm
ca cu n dy bng:

88

V d 3: Mt on mch cha hai trong ba phn t: t

in, in tr thun, cun cm thun mc ni tip. Bit
in p gia hai u on mch v cng dng in
qua n ln lt c biu thc: u = 60cos(100t - /2) (V),

V d 3: Mt on mch cha hai trong ba phn t: t

in, in tr thun, cun cm thun mc ni tip. Bit
in p gia hai u on mch v cng dng in
qua n ln lt c biu thc: u = 60cos(100t - /2) (V), i

i = 2sin(100t + /6) (A). Hi trong on mch c cc

phn t no? Tnh dung khng, cm khng hoc in tr
tng ng vi mi phn t . Tnh cng sut tiu th
ca on mch.

= 2sin(100t + /6) (A). Hi trong on mch c cc

phn t no? Tnh dung khng, cm khng hoc in tr
tng ng vi mi phn t . Tnh cng sut tiu th ca
on mch.

A. R = 15 3 ; ZL = 15 v P = 30 (W).

A. R = 15 3 ; ZL = 15 v P = 30 (W).

B. R = 15 ; ZC = 15 3 v P = 30 3 (W).

B. R = 15 ; ZC = 15 3 v P = 30 3 (W).

C. R = 15 3 ; ZC = 15 v P = 30 3 (W).

C. R = 15 3 ; ZC = 15 v P = 30 3 (W).

D. R = 15 ; ZL = 15 3 v P = 30 (W).

D. R = 15 ; ZL = 15 3 v P = 30 (W).

Hng dn
Vit li biu thc: i = 2sin(100t + /6) (A) =

Hng dn
Vit li biu thc: i = 2sin(100t + /6) (A) = 2cos(100t

2cos(100t - /3) (A).

- /3) (A).

Z R i Z L ZC

2 15 3 15i

i
2
3
u

60

Z R i Z L ZC

R 15 3
Z C 15

Z L Z C 15

102

ZL 0

112

Z C 15

Z L Z C 15

ZL 0

P I 2 R 30 3 W Chn B.

P I 2 R 30 3 W Chn C.

V d 7: Mt on mch xoay chiu ni tip AB gm

in tr thun R, cun cm thun L v t in c in

V d 7: Mt on mch xoay chiu ni tip AB gm

in tr thun R, cun cm thun L v t in c in
dung C. in p hai u on AB l u = U0cost (V) th

dung C. in p hai u on AB l u = U0 2 cost

112

60

R 15 3

2 15 3 15i

i
2
3
u

(V) th in p trn L l u L = U0 2 cos(t + /3) (V).

Mun mch xy ra cng hng th in dung ca t bng
Bi 8: Mt on mch xoay chiu ni tip AB gm in
tr thun R, cun cm thun L v t in c in dung C.
in p hai u on AB l u = U0cost (V) th in p
trn C l uC = U0cos(t - 2/3) (V). Mun mch xy ra
cng hng th in dung ca t bng
Bi 9: Mt mch in xoay chiu gm mt t in C ni

in p trn L l uL = U0 2 cos(t + /3) (V). Mun

mch xy ra cng hng th in dung ca t bng
Bi 8: Mt on mch xoay chiu ni tip AB gm in
tr thun R, cun cm thun L v t in c in dung C.
in p hai u on AB l u = 2U0cost (V) th in p
trn C l uC = U0cos(t - 2/3) (V). Mun mch xy ra
cng hng th in dung ca t bng
Bi 9: Mt mch in xoay chiu gm mt t in C ni

161

203

tip vi mt cun dy. t vo hai u on mch mt

tip vi mt cun dy. t vo hai u on mch mt

in p u = U 8 cost (V) th in p hai u t in C

in p u = U 8 cost (V) th in p hai u t in C

l uL = Ucos(t + 3/4) (V). T s gia dung khng v

cm khng bng
V d 19: (GIN R-C-rL) t in p xoay chiu u

l uC = Ucos(t + 3/4) (V). T s gia dung khng v

cm khng bng
V d 19: (GIN R-C-rL) t in p xoay chiu u

=120 6 cost (V) vo hai u on mch AB gm hai

on mch AM v MB mc ni tip th cng hiu
dng qua mch l 0,5 A. on AM gm in tr thun R
mc ni tip vi t in C, on MB gm cun cm. Bit
in p gia hai u on mch MB v in p gia hai
u on mch AB lch pha nhau /2. in p hiu dng
trn R bng mt na in p hiu dng trn on AM.
Cng sut tiu th ca mch l

=120 6 cost (V) vo hai u on mch AB gm hai

V uX t cc i tr hn u Lr v thi gian l T/4 (tc l v

pha l 2/2) nn:

289

X Lr

on mch AM v MB mc ni tip th cng hiu

dng qua mch l 0,5 A. on AM gm in tr thun R
mc ni tip vi t in C, on MB gm cun cm. Bit
in p gia hai u on mch AM v in p gia hai
u on mch AB lch pha nhau /2. in p hiu dng
trn R bng mt na in p hiu dng trn on AM.
Cng sut tiu th ca mch l
V uX t cc i tr hn uLr v thi gian l T/4 (tc l v

. Ta thy: pha l /2) nn:

2
6

X 0 nn X c th l in tr mc ni tip vi
2

X Lr

. Ta thy:
2
6

X 0 nn X c th l in tr mc ni tip vi t
2

t Chn B.
V d 12: on mch AB ni tip gm hai on mch
AM v MB. on mch AM l mt cun dy c in tr

Chn B.
V d 12: on mch AB ni tip gm hai on mch
AM v MB. on mch AM l mt cun dy c in tr

thun R = 40 3 v t cm L = 0,4/ H, on

thun R = 40 3 v t cm L = 0,4/ H, on mch

mch MB l mt t in c in dung C thay i c,

C c gi tr hu hn v khc khng. t vo AB mt

MB l mt t in c in dung C thay i c, C c gi
tr hu hn v khc khng. t vo AB mt in p: u AB

in p: uAB = 120 2 cos100t (V). iu chnh C

tng in p hiu dng (U AM + UMB) t gi tr cc i.
Tm gi tr cc i ca tng s ny.
A. 240 V.
C. 120 V.
B. 120 3 V.

= 120 2 cos100t (V). iu chnh C tng in p

hiu dng (UAM + UMB) t gi tr cc i. Tm gi tr cc
i ca tng s ny.
A. 240 V.
C. 120 V.
B. 120 3 V.

Hng dn

Hng dn

UR R 3
600
Xt AEM: tan AME
AME
U L ZL

UR R 3
600
Xt AEM: tan AME
AME
UL ZL

120 0
1800 AME

120 0
1800 AME

p dng nh l hm s sin cho AMB:

p dng nh l hm s sin cho AMB:

AB
sin 60

AM
sin

MB
sin

U AM U MB


2 sin
cos
2
2

AM MB
sin sin

AB
sin 60

AM
sin

MB
sin

U AM U MB


2 sin
cos
2
2

AM MB
sin sin

 U AM U MB 2 AB sin 600 cos

max

Khi : U AM U MB max 120 3 V Chn B.
307

308

322
328

329

347
362

Ch : Chng ta nh li cc cng thc gii

nhanh sau y:
Khi R thay i hai gi tr L1 v L2 m c cng P th

Khi : U AM U MB max 2U AB 240 V Chn A.

Ch : Chng ta nh li cc cng thc gii
nhanh sau y:
Khi R thay i hai gi tr R1 v R2 m c cng P th

Pmax khi: R0 R1 R2 .

Pmax khi: R0 R1 R2 .

*c cng UC th UCmax khi: C0

2C1C2
C1 C2

Bi 49 p n B
By gi nu cho thm iu kin:
L

Ch : iu kin

L
C

n 2 R 2 th ta c h:

n 2 R 2 c th tr hnh di dng

iu kin vung pha.

Bi 16 p n B, Bi 30 p n A
V d 20: Mch RLC mc vo my pht in xoay
chiu. Khi tc quay ca roto l n (vng/pht) th cng
sut l P h s cng sut 0,5 3 . Khi tc quay ca
roto l 2n (vng/pht) th cng sut l 4P. Khi tc
quay ca roto l n 2 (vng/pht) th cng sut bng
bao nhiu?
A. 16P/7. B. P 3 . C. 9P. D. 24P/13.
Hng dn
R
3
R2
2

Z L ZC
* cos
(1)
2
2
3
R2 Z Z
P'

* P

R Z L ZC
I '
2

k
2
I
Z C

2
R kZ L
k

4 4.

Z C

ZL
P''
P

R
3

2R
3

(2). T (1), (2) suy ra:

P'

* P

R Z L ZC
I ''
2
k'
2
I
Z

R 2 k ' Z L C
k '

R2

2.

R2

P ''

16

R2

R
3

3
Z C

R
3

2 3

P Chn A.

7
V d 21: Trongmtgithchnh
mt hcsinhmunmtqut in
loi180 V 220 Whotngbnh

2R
3

; ZC

R2
3

(2). T (1), (2) suy ra:

R 2 Z L ZC
I ''
2
k'
2
P I
Z C

2
R k' ZL
k '

R2

16

R2

Z C

P''

R Z L ZC
I '
2

k
2
I
Z C

2
R kZ L
k

ZL

nR 2 th ta c h:

2Z L

R 2 2Z L

nR 2 c th tr hnh di dng iu

; ZC

A. 16P/7. B. P 3 . C. 8P/3. D. 24P/13.

Hng dn
R
3
R2
2
cos

L C
*
(1)
2
2
3
R2 Z Z

Z C

kin vung pha.

Bi 16 p n D, Bi 30 p n B
V d 20: Mch RLC mc vo my pht in xoay chiu.
Khi tc quay ca roto l n (vng/pht) th cng sut l
P h s cng sut 0,5 3 . Khi tc quay ca roto l 2n
(vng/pht) th cng sut l 4P. Khi tc quay ca roto
l n 2 (vng/pht) th cng sut bng bao nhiu?

4 4.

Ch : iu kin

R 2 2Z L

2Z L

C1 C2

By gi nu cho thm iu kin:

R2

*c cng UC th UCmax khi: C0

Bi 49 p n D.

389

U AM U MB

2 cos max
2 AB
sin 600
2

sin

2.

R2

P ''

8
3

R
3

R2
3

2R

8
3

2 3

P Chn C.

V d 21: Trongmtgi thchnh

mt hc sinh mun mt qut in
loi180 V 120 Whotngbnh

thngdimtinpxoaychiucgitr hiudng
220 V,nnmcnitipviqutmtbintr.Banu
hcsinhbintrcgitr 70 thothycng
hiudngtrongmchl0,75 Avcngsutcaqut
int92,8%.Munquthot ngbnhthngth
phiiuchnhbintrnhthno?
A. Gim i 20 .B.
Tngthm12 .
C. Gim i 12 .D.
Tngthm20 .
Hng dn
*Lc u, ng c hot ng di nh mc, cng sut
tiu th ca n:
92,8
P ' UI cos
.120 U .0, 75cos
100
U cos 148, 48 V
r
r
r
T phng trnh vc t: U AB U R U chiu ln trc
honh v trc tung ta c:
U AB cos AB U R U cos

U AB sin AB 0 U sin

thngdimtinpxoaychiucgitr hiudng
220 V,nnmcnitipviqutmtbintr.Banu
hcsinh bintrcgitr 70 thothycng
hiudngtrongmchl0,75 Avcngsutcaqut
in t 92,8%. Mun qut hot ng bnh thng th
phiiuchnhbintrnhthno?
A. Gim i 20 .B.
Tngthm12 .
C. Gim i 12 .D.
Tngthm20 .
Hng dn
*Lc u, ng c hot ng di nh mc, cng sut
tiu th ca n:
92,8
P ' UI cos
.120 U .0, 75cos
100
U cos 148, 48 V
r
r
r
T phng trnh vc t: U AB U R U chiu ln trc
honh v trc tung ta c:
U AB cos AB U R U cos

U AB sin AB 0 U sin

220 cos AB 70.0,75 148, 48

220 cos AB 70.0,75 148, 48

U sin 89, 482

kt

220 sin AB 0 U sin

hp vi U cos 148, 48 , suy ra: 0,5424 rad hay
cos 0,8565 .
*Khi ng c hot ng bnh thng:
P UI cos 120 180.I .0,8565 I 0, 7784 A

r
r
r
T phng trnh vc t: U AB U R U chiu ln trc

honh v trc tung ta c:

U AB cos AB U R U cos

U AB sin AB 0 U sin
220 cos AB U R 180.cos 0,5424

220 sin AB 0 180.sin 0, 5424

AB 0, 436 rad U R 45, 25 R

404

UR

58

U sin 89, 482

kt
220 sin AB 0 U sin
hp vi U cos 148, 48 , suy ra: 0,5424 rad hay
cos 0,8565 .
*Khi ng c hot ng bnh thng:

P UI cos 120 180.I .0,8565 I 0, 7784 A

r
r
r
T phng trnh vc t: U AB U R U chiu ln trc
honh v trc tung ta c:
U AB cos AB U R U cos

U AB sin AB 0 U sin
220 cos AB U R 180.cos 0,5424

220 sin AB 0 180.sin 0, 5424

AB 0, 436 rad U R 45, 25 R

UR

58

Gim i 70 58 = 12 Chn C.

Gim i 70 58 = 12 Chn C.

V d 19: Mt my bin p c li i xng gm bn

nhnh nhng ch c hai nhnh c qun hai cun dy.
Khi mc mt cun dy vo in p xoay chiu th cc
ng sc t do n sinh ra khng b thot ra ngoi v
c chia u cho hai nhnh cn li. Khi mc cun 1 (c
1000 vng) vo in p hiu dng 60 V th cun 2 khi
h c in p hiu dng l 40 V. S vng dy ca
cun 2 l
V d 20: Mt my bin p c li i xng gm 5 nhnh
nhng ch c hai nhnh c qun hai cun dy. Khi
mc mt cun dy vo in p xoay chiu th cc ng
sc t do n sinh ra khng b thot ra ngoi v c chia
u cho hai nhnh cn li. Khi mc cun 1 vo in p
hiu dng 120 V th cun 2 khi h c in p hiu
dng U2. Khi mc cun 2 vi in p hiu dng 3U 2 th
in p hiu dng cun 1 khi h l

V d 19: Mt my bin p c li i xng gm bn

nhnh nhng ch c hai nhnh c qun hai cun dy.
Khi mc mt cun dy vo in p xoay chiu th cc
ng sc t do n sinh ra khng b thot ra ngoi v
c chia u cho cc nhnh cn li. Khi mc cun 1 (c
1000 vng) vo in p hiu dng 60 V th cun 2 khi
h c in p hiu dng l 40 V. S vng dy ca cun
2 l
V d 20: Mt my bin p c li i xng gm 5 nhnh
nhng ch c hai nhnh c qun hai cun dy. Khi mc
mt cun dy vo in p xoay chiu th cc ng sc t
do n sinh ra khng b thot ra ngoi v c chia u
cho cc nhnh cn li. Khi mc cun 1 vo in p hiu
dng 120 V th cun 2 khi h c in p hiu dng
U2. Khi mc cun 2 vi in p hiu dng 3U 2 th in p
hiu dng cun 1 khi h l