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Larynx
Larynx
DEVELOPMENT OF LARYNX
Larynx develops from the
tracheobroncheal groove which is
ventral midline respiratory
diverticulum of the foregut.
Epiglottis and the Thyroid cartilage
develop from the fourth branchial
arch.
SITUATION OF LARYNX
CONSTITUTION OF LARYNX
Formed by a cartilaginous skeleton
held together by ligaments.
CARTILAGES OF LARYNX
CARTILAGES OF LARYNXEPIGLOTTIS
Epiglottis-leaf shaped fibro elastic
cartilage and projects behind the
base of the tongue.
The narrow lower border is attached
by the thyro-epiglottic ligament to
the posterior surface of thyroid alae
below thyroid notch.
CARTILAGES OF LARYNXCRICOID
It is signet ring shaped with a broad
lamina posteriorly and narrow arch in
front.
cricoid, thyroid and epiglottis are
unpaired cartilages of larynx where
as arytenoid,corniculate and
cuneiform cartilages are paired.
CARTILAGES OF LARYNXARYTENOID
Shaped like a pyramid
Base participates in crico-arytenoid
joint.
Anterior vocal process gives
attachment to vocal cord.
The lateral mescular process
provides attachment to the posterior
and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles
Extrinsic ligaments
1)Thyrohyoid membrane
2)Medial and lateral thyrohyoid
ligament
3)Cricothyroid membrane
4)Cricotracheal membrane
MUSCLES OF LARYNX-INTRINSIC
EXTRINSIC MUSCLES
Strap muscles
Pharyngeal muscles including inferior
constrictor muscle
CAVITY OF LARYNX
EXTENT- from laryngeal inlet above
to lower border of cricoid cartilage.
Inlet of larynx communicates with
laryngopharynx.
CAVITY OF LARYNX
Divided into three parts by 2 folds of
mucus membrane: False cords and
True vocal cords
Parts are Vestibule, ventricle and
subglottic space
Length of glottis is about 2.5cm in
adult male and about 7-9mm in a
child
HISTOLOGY OF LARYNX
Mucous membrane lines the entire
larynx.
Stratified squamous epithelium lines
true vocal cords and upper parts of
vestibule.
Columnar ciliated epithelium lines rest
of the cavity.
Mucous glands preset in all parts
except on free edges of vocal cords
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
SUPRAGLOTTIS-pre-epiglottic and
upper deep cervical nodes.
GLOTTIS-Lymphatics are practically
absent
SUBGLOTTIS-prelaryngeal and
pretracheal nodes also lower deep
cervical nodes
LARYNGEAL SPACES
PRE-EPIGLOTTIC SPACE
PARAGLOTTIC SPACE
REINKES SPACE