Adjectives /Adverbs/Comparisons ‘© Adjectives describe nouns and are the same in singular and plural. They are close friends. (What Kind of friends? Close.) They can be factual (smail, round, yellow etc) ot opinion (awful, ugly etc). Note that after appear, be, become, get, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste we use adjectives, not adverbs. It tastes awful. (not: away) ‘© Most common adjectives (long, late etc) do not have a particular ending. However, there are certain common endings for adjectives which are formed from nouns and verbs. These are: -able fashionable ent persistent sical mechanical | like womane-ike sal magical esque picturesque -lous rebellious sly deathly -ant hesitant ful ‘successful ish stylish “ory = sensory sar spectacular tan franian ist racist “ous humorous sary disciplinary ible terrible ive selective -some bothersome sate considerate ic melodic «=F tess. faultless y sandy lal artticial ‘@ The most common prefixes used with adjectives are: - asexual im - immoral pre prearranged - abnormal in = inactive pro = pro-war ~ antisocial ir = irresponsible sub = sub-zero ~ disinterested mal - maladjusted super - superhuman - hyperactive non = non-existent un = unavailable = illegible over - overweight under - understaffed ‘© Compound adjectives are formed with: present participles. a long-playing record, a fee-paying student past participles, cut-off jeans, undercooked meat, a rolled-up carpet cardinal numbers + nouns. a three-year contract, a ten-minute journey, a two-week course prefixes and suffixes, a modern-day costume, an open-ended discussion well, badly, Ill, poorly + past participle. a poory-kept garden, 2 well-timed joke, a badly-furnished room © Present and past participles can be used as adjectives. The lecture was boring. We were exhausted. asone QS: Use the words in capitals to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. The Benefits of Exercise Working fulltime can be a very (0) .... experience for most people; long hours and the pressure to be (1)... streseful |— mm of @|-~| of ala]5 Adjectives /Adverbs /Comparisons (9) Keeping this in min (10) .... ime; WS rite tne opposites of the following adjectives. 1 active inactive 4 legible 7 available 2 existent Blin 5 religious 8 responsible 3 well-adiusted .. sue | 6 moral 9 respectful DS Make compound adjectives to describe the following: ‘An award that is well deserved. ...2 well-deserved award. A product that lasts a long time. 3 A suit that isn’t made well. Astory that never ends. ‘A meal that has three courses. ‘An employee who isn't paid well. ‘A.house that has two storeys. ‘An office that isn’t organised well @Vousena © Certain adjectives are used with the as nouns to talk about groups of people in general. These are: the elderly, the middle-aged, the old, the young, the blind, the deaf, the disabled, the living, Young people are full of curiosity./The young are full of curiosity. (refers to young people in general) The young people in our town are planning a concert. (refers to a specific group of young people) —— © D> iin “where recesay 1. The Government is cutting benefits for ...the... unemployed and ‘over the country are organising protest marches. unemployed people all 22 snes homeless in our town are being helped by young people, who are organising a sale to raise money for... needy people in general. 3 A friend of mine works in a school for ......... deaf, where she teaches.......... deaf children. 4 suns middle-aged people tend to criticise ......... young for their disrespectful attitude. 5 After the earthquake. ......... dead were buried in mass graves while........ living tried to make shelters for .. injured. 75 Adjectives /Adverbs / Comparisons ‘When there are two or more adjectives, they normally go in the following order: Afraid, alike, alive, alone, ashamed, asleep, content, il, glad etc are never followed by a noun. The baby is asleep. (not: the-asleep-baby) Nouns of material, purpose or substance can be used as adjectives. a cotton skirt, a winter cress, a shopping bag. However, certain adjectives derived from such nouns are used metaphorically. silky hair (hair like silk) but a silk scart (a scarf made of silk), a stony expression (cold expression) but a stone cottage (a cottage made of stone), golden hair (hair like gold) but a gold pen (a pen made of gold), feathery leaves (leaves which look like feathers) but a feather duster (a duster made of feathers), ‘metallic colour (colour that {ooks like metal) but a metal chair (a chair made of meta), leathery skin (Skin looking/feeling like leather) but a leather wallet (a wallet made of leather), a leaden feeling (an Unpleasant feeling) but lead pipes (pipes made of lead), a steely look (a strong, determined look) but steel framework (framework made of ste!) ARO. rewrite the sentences putting the adjectives into the correct place. Identify what kind of adjectives they are. He was carrying a briefcase. (leather, nice, black, new) ...He was carrying a nice new black leather briefcase. (opinion/age/colour/material). He gave her a scarf. (silk, fantastic, French, red) ... | bought chairs from an antique shop. (American, three, oak, old) She is an actress. (English, intelligent, young, dramatic) The table lamp was broken by the children. (metal, white, She bought a carpet. (expensive, Persian, antique, woollen)... He crashed his car yesterday. (sports, brand new, yellow) It was a dress. (hand-made, gorgeous, wedding, lace) saw a film on TV last night. (Italian, exciting, detective) .. They live in a house. (big, lovely, country, old-fashioned, brick) She is a salesperson. (young, computer, successful) .. bought a book. (old, poetry, Latin) We watched a programme. (short, English, interesting, educational) ‘She bought a raincoat. (plastic, long, cheap) ... They found a trunk. (wooden, rectangular, antique, interesting) He bought a yacht. (Swedish, second-hand, huge) .. WE nderne the correct adjective. Seorvousens She gave him a stone / stony look when he criticised her daughter. These metal / metallic chairs are suitable for outdoor use as they are weatherproof. The sky was full of light feather / feathery clouds. She is admired for her gold / golden hair and metal/metallic blue eyes. The old farmer had dark leather / leathery skin. This new body milk gives you smooth, silk / silky skin in a matter of days. She had a lead / leaden expression on her face. The gold / golden candlesticks were very expensive so we bought some silver / silvery ones instead, He wears woolly / woollen suits and expensive leather/leathery shoes. She has a steel / steely manner towards her colleagues. 74