, , ,

, ,

(
) (),

.


( ).

.

3p, 3n 3e

,
,
.

--
:

2K + 2H2O-> 2KOH + H2

nescafe

()

(

)



:
.
(
,
)
:
.

%w/w
% w/v
%v/v
% w/w 100 .
% w/v 100 ml
% v/v ml 100 ml

100ml

3,3g
4,7g

1,5g

% w/v

250ml

?

 HCl :
300g HCl 10%w/w.
:
400ml 6%w/v.
250g 50g Cl. %w/w
;
480g 60g ,
1,08g/ml. :
a/ %w/w
/ %w/v

 300g 20% w/w

200g . % w/w
.
300ml
HCl 15% w/v, 10% w/v.

 NaCl
3
i.
250 ml 10% w/v NaCl
Vlab.
4.
i. Vlab
NaCl 250 gr
50 gr NaCl. % w/w
?
ii. =1,09gr/ml
% w/v

T

Vlab

Vlab

 (c)
moles
1L .
c:
n: moles
V:

C=n/V

(mol/L) molarity
3


mol (n)

12gr 12C .
1 mol gr Ar
Mr 6,02*1023

n=gr /Ar Mr
C () =n (mol) /V ()
C Mr ( ) % w/v

Mr ( )

% w/w

200 ml NaOH 1,5M 3 NaOH
Vlab.
% w/v
NaOH

2 00
ml NaOH 1,5M 3 NaOH
Vlab.
% w/v
NaOH
5.
i. stock Vlab
NaOH 3 250ml,
100ml. 100ml
200ml.
1,5


n=n
V =V + V(H2O)
C V =C V



6
H2SO4 1M
10 stock
Vlab
H2SO4 0,5 1L
0,2 0,3 L.

H2SO4 0,5 0,3 L
H2SO4 0,2
H2SO4 0,4.