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LEARN ENGLISH, GET THE WORLD OPENED .

Fundaments of English Grammar (Beginner).

Fundamentals of
English Grammar
(Sound, Language, Letter, Word, Syllable, Person, Number, Basic Pattern of English Sentence, Principal
& Auxiliary Verb, Making Imperative, Optative & Exclamatory Sentence including exercise. )

Prepared by: Md. Meherab Hossen.

Cell: +8801726-072409.
E-mail/face book/Skype/twitter:
meherab2409@gmail.com

Why should we learn English among so many languages in the world?

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Sound ?

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(Sound) (Language)

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, , Second
Language ( )
Word-meaning ( ) / Vocabulary ( )
, English Grammar
Practice, practice and practice.
Happy English Learning.
, , Sound ()
Sound - Letter ( ) Letter ( ) A-Z
Letter- Alphabet ( )
- Vowel ( ), Consonant ( ), Consonant
W Y Semi-Vowel ( - )

1. Vowel: (Letter)

Vowel

Vowel A, E, I ,O ,U.
A- a+a+a.; E- e+e+e..; O- o+o+o.....
2. Consonant: Vowel Consonant
Consonant Vowel Consonant B,C,D, F,G

B- b+e.; D- d+e.
3.

Semi-Vowel:

; H- a+h.

W Y Semi-Vowel , W Y Vowel

Consonant
Note: W Y Word Consonant War,Win,Year, You .
W Y Word - Vowel- Cow, Dawn, Try, Dry

Word Vowel Semi-Vowel

Government, Come, a, Pen

Mother, School, World,

Syllable ( )
[ Syllable ]
Syllable
Syllable- Vowel Semi-Vowel
Word- Syllable Word ,
1. Mono-Syllable Word ( ) 2. Di-Syllable Word ( ) 3. Tri- Syllable Word
( ) 4. Poly- Syllable Word ( - )
1. Mono-Syllable Word: Word Syllable Mono-Syllable Word
A, An, Pet, Black, Cow, Hand, Go,
2. Di-Syllable Word: Word Syllable Di-Syllable Word Mo+ther=
Mother, Fa+ther= Father, Care+ ful= Careful ,
3. Tri-Syllable Word: Word Syllable Tri -Syllable Word

Con+di+tion= Condition, Re+la+tion=Relation ,Won+der+ful =Wonderful, Re+gu+lar=

Regular ,Beau+ti+ful=Beautiful,
4. Poly-Syllable Word: Word Syllable Poly -Syllable Word
Exa+mi+na+tion= Examination, In+ter+na+tio+nal= International, Sa+tis+fac+tion=
Satisfaction, Pro+ nun+ ci+a+tion= Pronunciation, Com+mu+ni+ca+tion= Communication

Person ()
English Sentence- Verb- Subject- Person
-Person
1.First person( )
2. Second Person ( )
3. Third Person ( )
1. First person: Person First person
2. Second Person: person Second Person
3. Third Person: Person Third Person
First person

Second Person

Third Person

I(),We()

You(),You

He, She, It, This, That, Fatema, Rahim,

Narayanganj
, ,,,
(I,We,You,You) Noun ()
Pronoun ( )- Third Person

Number-
, Number
Number , 1. Singular Number. ( ) 2. Plural Number. ( )
1. Singular Number ( ) Word , , Singular
Number
2. Plural Number Word , , Plural Number

Singular( )
Plural( )
Man ( )
Men ( )
Dog ( )
Dogs ( )
Book()
Books()

Basic Pattern of English Sentence

( )

SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT (/ + / + )

Example ():

(Sub), (Object), (Verb)

I watch

television.
I (Sub) + (watch)Verb+ television (Object).

Subject: Sentence ()- Subject

- Jasim plays football. (Sub-Jasim)
, Subject
- The people of Bangladesh lead ( )

happy life .
Verb: Verb
Jasim plays football. (Verb-Play). The people of Bangladesh lead a happy life.
(Verb-lead).
Object: Verb Object , Verb
Object Jasim plays football. Sentence- Verb Plays
(), ? football. Sentence- Object
football
Mr. Meherab teaches us English. Mr. Meherab teaches
English to us.
- Sentence- Verb teaches (), ? English .
? us . Sentence- Object us
English
Object 1. Direct Object. 2. Indirect Object.
-Direct Object- Object Direct Object Computer, Table, Pen, Car,
Milk, Bag
-Indirect Object-

Fatema, Tiger, Fish

Object Indirect Object me, us, him, Sakib,

, Sentence-a Object Indirect Object , Direct Object

Direct Object Indirect Object to
-My mother gave me a bicycle on my birthday. My mother
gave a bicycle to me on my birthday.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

I read a book. ( Sub+ Verb+ Obj)

I am a journalist. ( Sub+ Verb+ Obj)
The bird flies. ( Sub+ Verb)
My friend runs very fast. ( Sub+ Verb+ext )
-Start. (Verb)
- Perform your duty. (Verb+ Obj)
- Water the garden. (Verb+ Obj)
- Buy me a wrist watch. ( Sub+ Verb+ Obj)

, Sentence , Subject Object Sentence

, Verb Sentence

Principal Verb & Auxiliary Verb.

, Verb Verb , English Grammar
, Sentence making Principal Verb & Auxiliary Verb
- Verb- form ..

Present
Past(Verb2 )
Past
(Verb1 )
Participle(Verb3 )
Go
went
gone
Come
came
come
-Verb- Present form- ing Present Participle

Present
Participle(Verb4 )
going
coming

English Language- Verb- form

1.

Principal Verb

( ) : Verb Verb-

Principal Verb He plays. She made tea.

, Principal Verb Sentence

2.

Auxiliary Verb /Helping Verb ( ): Verb Principal

Verb- Auxiliary Verb He is playing. She has
made tea.

BsiRx fvlvq eeZ gvU 24 wU Auxiliary verb wb `Lvbv nj t

Auxiliary Verb- (Contracted Negative) t A.V+nt

: Have + nt = Havent. A. Verb-

Contracted Negative

hgbt- Do not= Dont, Must not= Mustnt etc. (Etcetera - BZvw` )

Will not Wont

i) Shall not Shant

ii) Am not- Arent iii)

Making Imperative, Optative & Exclamatory Sentence.

, ,
1. Assertive Sentence( )
[Assertive Sentence 1. Affirmative Sentence ( ) 2. Negative
Sentence ( )
2. Interrogative Sentence. ( )
3. Imperative Sentence ( )
4. Optative Sentence ( )
5. Exclamatory Sentence ( )

Imperative Sentence ( ): Sentence , , , ,

, Sentence- Imperative Sentence

Structure of Imperative Sentence.

V1 +Object+ Extension ( ).
Example: - Finish the work in time.

- the work (Object) / in time - (Ext) / Finish- (Verb) - Finish the work

in time.
1. -Stand up. ( /Order)
2. - Study attentively. ( /Advice)
3. Please, help me. ( / Request)
( Sentence- Please/Kindly (
) Please/Kindly- Comma ( , ) ,

4. Do not make a noise. ( / Forbid/Prohibit)
5. -Never tell a lie. ( / Forbid/Prohibit)
( Sentence , , Sentence - Do not
Never , Imperative Sentence- Structure
)
6. Let us help the distressed man.
7. Let us help the distressed man.
(Imperative Sentence Sentence Let us
Imperative Sentence- Structure )
8. - Let me do the work.
9. Let Rohan speak.
(Imperative Sentence- - , Sentence Let , __-
, , , , , , Imperative Sentence-
Structure )
Imperative Sentence- Subject Sentence-
Subject
. - You compensate right now.
. - You get out of here.

Optative Sentence ( ): Sentence Sentence Optative Sentence

Structure of Optative Sentence.

May+Subject+V1 +Object+ Extension.
Example: - May you be happy in life.
May your father come round soon.
Optative Sentence- Subject ,
. God save you. .
You live long.
Exclamatory Sentence ( ): Sentence
Exclamatory Sentence ! How beautiful the flower is? !
Hurrah! We won the game.

Structure of Exclamatory Sentence.

1. What + a/an+ Adjective+ subject+ subject- Pronoun+ Verb!
! - What a nice day it is!
2. How+ Adjective+ subject+ + Verb !
!- How fool I am!
3. Interjection word! Assertive Sentence!
! Fie! You are very bad.
4. If/Had + subject+ + Verb !
! If I were a bird !
Had I been a bird !
If Exclamatory Sentence , Subject Person Number
, Verb to be were- , Verb to have
had-

! If I were innocent!
! - If I had one billion dollar !

Exercise for

Imperative, Optative, Exclamatory Sentence.

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