NHNG GI TR CHIN LC CA VNG BIN O

NAM B VIT NAM

V Minh Tp
NCS, Trng i hc KHXH-NV TP.H Ch Minh
Sch Nhn din v pht huy cc gi tr ti nguyn bin o phc v pht trin
vng Nam B, Nxb HQG TP.HCM.

Tm tt
Vng bin o lun c v tr a chin lc, a kinh t quan trng i vi mi quc
gia c ch quyn v bin. Vng bin thuc ch quyn ca Vit Nam ngy cng c vai tr, v
tr cc k quan trng v chnh tr, kinh t, an ninh quc phng v gn vi khng gian vn ha
c trng, trong c vng bin Nam B Vit Nam. Trong bi cnh th gii v khu vc hin
nay c nhiu thay i v bin ng v chnh tr, kinh t, an ninh, quan h quc t Vit Nam
hng n xy dng chin lc bin n 2020; Chin lc khai thc, s dng bn vng ti
nguyn v bo v mi trng bin n 2020, tm nhn 2030; v Chin lc pht trin bn
vng Vit Nam giai on 2011 2020 Vic nghin cu nhng gi tr chin lc vng bin
o Nam B ca nc ta l rt cn thit c v mt khoa hc ln thc tin.
V vy, bi vit ny tc gi tp trung phn tch v lm r nhng gi tr chin lc ca
vng bin Nam B Vit Nam hin nay trn cc mt ch yu l kinh t, an ninh quc phng v
vn ha. T , a ra mt s gii php nhm pht huy nhng th mnh, gi tr chin lc
trong tin trnh hi nhp v pht trin bn vng trong th k XXI.
T kha: Gi tr chin lc, Bin ng, Nam B, Vit Nam, kinh t bin, an ninh quc
phng.

Abstract
THE STRATEGIC VALUES OF SEA ISLANDS
OF SOUTHERN VIETNAM
The sea and islands always play an important role in geo-strategy, geo-economy with
all nations have sovereignty about sea. The sea of Vietnam more and more play an important
role, important location in politics, economy, national security and associate with typical
cultural space, including southern Vietnam Sea. In the context of world and region have many
changes and fluctuate about politics, economy, security and international relations Vietnam
toward to building sea strategy until 2020; the exploiting plan, using sustainable resources and
protect the sea environment till 2020, vision 2030 and development strategy for Vietnam from
2011 to 2020 The research about tactical values of sea Southern Vietnam of our country is
necessary for both of science and reality.

Thus, this article author mainly focus on analyze and clarify the tactical value of sea
Southern Vietnam nowadays on some field such as economy, national security and cultural.
Therefore, give out some solutions in order to promote advantages, tactical values during the
integration process and sustainable development in XXI century.
Key word: tactical values, South China Sea, Southern Vietnam, Vietnam, sea
economy, national security
1. Vi nt v vng bin Nam B
Nam B l vng t pha Nam thuc lnh th ca Vit Nam, c din tch khong 63,6
nghn km2, chim 19,1% din tch c nc. Dn s khong 32.221.700 ngi (2011), chim
khong 35% dn s c nc, gm 17 tnh v 2 thnh ph trc thuc trung ng (TP.H Ch
Minh v Cn Th), c chia thnh hai min ng Nam B v min Ty Nam B, y cng
l hai vng kinh t trng im ca c nc1. Nam B c mt din mo vn ha, tc ngi, ti
nguyn thin nhin phong ph, a dng v c v tr a kinh t, a vn ha quan trng ca t
nc.
Vng bin o Nam B kt ni vi t lin v vng bin ng nam Bin ng, vi
chiu di b bin hn 1 triu km, trong vng bin ng Nam B c b bin di 350 km,
ko di t vng bin Ninh Thun n B Ra Vng Tu. Vng bin Ty Nam B c chiu
di b bin 732 km, l vng bin kn, pha ng nam thng ra Bin ng v tip gip vi bin
cc nc Singapore, Thi lan, Malaysia, Indonesia v Philippin.
Nam B ni chung v vng bin Nam B ni ring nm v tr trung tm ca khu vc
ng Nam , c ba mt gip bin (pha Ty gip Vnh Thi Lan, pha ng v ng Nam
gip Bin ng), nm trc ng giao thng hng hi quc t, kt ni ng , Nam ,
chu i Dng v cc o, qun o trong Thi Bnh Dng.
Vi th mnh c thin nhin u i v ban tng, vng bin Nam B khng nhng c
v tr a l t nhin c o, v tr a chin lc quan trng trong lch s t c i n hin
i m cn c ti nguyn a dng v giu c nh v du kh, h sinh thi ln bao gm nhiu
tiu h sinh thi, c vai tr quan trng pht trin ngun li bin ca vng v t nc, giu
tnh a dng sinh hc.
S sng cn v pht trin ca cc tnh, thnh thuc Nam B ngy nay khng th tch ri
bin, o, kt ni vi vng bin thuc lnh th t nc thnh mt th thng nht, hi nhp
quc t v vn ra bin ln. ng thi do tc ng ca nhiu nhn t ni sinh v ngoi sinh
nh hng mnh m n s pht trin kinh t v i sng sinh hot x hi vng Nam B.
Chnh v vy, bo v, s dng v khai thc vng bin Nam B thuc phn lnh th cc Nam
ca T quc ni ring v bin o Vit Nam ni chung l s mnh v nhim v ca chng ta
trong thi i ngy nay.
2. Nhng gi tr chin lc ca vng bin Nam B
Vng bin Nam B mang li nhng gi tr c ngha chin lc v kinh t, an ninh
quc phng v khng gian vn ha a dng, cung cp ngun ti nguyn chin lc quan trng
Theo cch phn chia khu vc hin nay, Nam B gm min ng v Ty. ng Nam B c din tch
khong 23,6 nghn km2, chim 7,1% c nc, dn s hn 14,9 triu ngi, chim gn 15% c nc
(2011), GDP dn u c nc, ton khu vc c 5 tnh v 1 thnh ph trc thuc trung ng; Ty Nam
B c din tch khong 40 nghn km2, chim 12% c nc, vi dn s hn 17,3 triu ngi, chim gn
21% c nc (2011), ton khu vc gm 12 tnh v 1 thnh ph trc thuc trung ng, l va la ln
nht c nc.
1

v nng lng, khong vt, hi sn, m bo an ninh quc phng, c my iu tit quan trng
v mi trng. Tt c to nn b phn cu thnh h thng nng s sng ca con ngi
Nam B ni ring v Vit Nam ni chung.
2.1. Gi tr chin lc v kinh t
V ti nguyn khong sn, nng lng. Quan trng l tim nng du kh v kh t.
ng Nam B c ngun ti nguyn thin nhin ln nht v rt quan trng i vi c nc l
du m v kh t, tp trung vng bin B Ra-Vng Tu; tr lng du m chim khong
93,3% tr lng du xc minh ca c nc; tr lng kh chim 16,2% tr lng kh c
nc. Du m v kh t l nhng mt hng xut khu quan trng hin nay v l ngun
nguyn, nhin liu cho cng nghip ha du, cng nghip in trong tng lai2. Du kh c
tr lng d bo l 4-5 t tn du v 485 - 500 t m3 kh, c ngha quan trng i vi nn
kinh t vng v kinh t quc dn. Ring khu vc lng cho Cn Sn pht hin hai m kh
thin nhin Lan Ty - Lan tr lng 58 t m3, mi nm c th khai thc 1-3 t m3. Ngoi
ra, trn thm lc a ng Nam B t l cc mi khoan thm d, tm kim gp du kh kh
cao, ti y pht hin cc m du c gi tr thng mi ln nh Bch H, Rng, i Hng,
Rng ng ... Tr lng cng nghip ca cc m ny cho php khai thc 20 triu tn du mi
nm. Kh ng hnh v kh thin nhin cng c tr lng ln (khong 300 t m3) cho php
mi nm khai thc 6 t m3. Vng bin Nam B cn c nhiu b trm tch c trin vng du kh
c xc nh, trong cc b Cu Long (din tch 6 vn km2) v Nam Cn Sn (din tch
trn 10 vn km2) c nh gi l c trin vng du kh v iu kin khai thc thun li nht,
vi tng tr lng c tnh khong 10 t tn du quy i3.
Du kh c coi l tin , l ngun nguyn nhin liu quan trng i vi s pht trin
ca t nc. Hin Petro Vit Nam cng ang lp cc d n kh thi xy dng 2-3 trung
tm ha du gn vi nguyn liu t cc nh my lc du s 1, 2 v mt trung tm ha du mi
gn vi ngun nguyn liu t kh thin khu vc ng Nam B4. Trin vng pht trin cng
nghip khai thc du kh trong tng lai ca vng l rt ln, nht l vng ng Nam B c
iu kin m rng qui m v c cu nhiu ngnh cng nghip lc du, ha du, cc dch
v khai thc du kh...
Bn cnh , thy triu, sng v gi l ngun nng lng ti to tim nng trn cc
vng bin-o Vit Nam ni chung v Nam b ni ring, c kh nng sn xut ti 5 x
109Kw/gi/nm5.
V h sinh thi bin, o. Trong vng bin Nam B c nhiu loi ng vt qu nh i
mi, rn bin, chim bin v th bin. Vi mt vng bin rng, c mc a dng sinh hc
cao, l vng c su hn 30m nc tr vo b, c c trng bi h sinh thi ln hng
chc nghn ha m ph v vnh kn, hng trm ha bi triu v rng ngp mn, nhiu ca sng
vi cc h sinh thi rng ngp mn, h sinh thi c bin, h sinh thi rn san h, h sinh thi
onn rt giu ti nguyn ng thc vt, c tim nng v thy sn, sinh hc v kinh t.
Tuy nhin ngun ti nguyn ny cn cha nh gi y . Nhng h sinh thi ny mang li

Tng quan v ng Nam B, Cc xc tin Thng mi, http://www.vietrade.gov.vn/cac-vung-kinht-khac/3606-tng-quan-vung-ong-nam-b-phn-1.html

3
V tr a l, iu kin t nhin ca Vng ng Nam B, http://ptit.edu.vn/wps/portal/nongthonvn/
4
Theo k hoch pht trin ngnh lc - ha du c Tp on Du kh Vit Nam (PVN) a ra, th
n nm 2015 s tp trung trin khai xy dng m rng t hp ho du Dung Qut (Qung Ngi), t
hp Ho du Long Sn (B Ra-Vng Tu), t hp ha du Ha Tm (Ph Yn). Giai on 2016-2025
s hon thnh xy dng T hp Ha du Nghi Sn (Thanh Ha), m rng cng sut cc t hp ha
du Dung Qut, Long Sn, Ha Tm
5
Trn Nam Tin (2011), Hong Sa - Trng Sa: Hi v p, NXB Tr.
2

nhng li ch kinh t trc tip, h tr cho cc ngnh nng-lm-ng nghip cng nh cc dch
v gin tip.
Theo thng k cho thy, c bin tp trung Cn o, Ph Quc, vi din tch khong
200ha v 300 ha, rng ngp mn Nam B rng khong 250.000 ha, C Mau c mc
a dng sinh hc cao nht c nc (vi 32 loi c chnh v 32 loi khc cng h)6 v trn
500 loi rong, to bin.
Theo D n ca Tng cc thy sn, tng tr lng ngun li hi sn bin Vit Nam
trung bnh khong 4,25 triu tn. Trong ch yu l tr lng c ni nh, c ni ln, hi sn
tng y v c rn san h. Tr lng ngun li hi sn vng b chim 12,7%; vng lng
chim 18,9%; v vng khi chim 68,4% tng tr lng. Trong , tr lng ngun li hi
sn ng Nam B l 1.141 ngn tn v Ty Nam B l 610 ngn tn7. Ring tr lng c
ni trung bnh cc vng bin Vit Nam vo khong 2.744.900 tn v kh nng khai thc l
1.372.400 tn. Trong , ng Nam B c tr lng 770.800 tn v kh nng khai thc l
385.400 tn (chim t l 42,9%) v Ty Nam B c tr lng l 945.400 tn (chim t l
62%) v kh nng khai thc l 472.700 tn.
Cn theo s liu ca B Thy sn, tr lng hi sn ca vng bin Vit Nam vo
khong 3,88 triu tn, cho php khai thc khong 1,55 triu tn/nm, gm cc loi c y, c
ni, c ni i dng. Trong , vng bin ng Nam B c nh gi l ng trng ln
nht Vit Nam vi tr lng khong 2 triu tn (kh nng khai thc 830.000 tn), vng Ty
Nam Vnh Thi Lan khong 506.000 tn, khai thc 202.000 tn8. Ton vng c hai ng
trng trng im ca c nc l Ninh Thun- B Ra Vng Tu vi tr lng hi sn cao v
c kh nng khai thc, nui trng thy sn qu nh tm, i mi, mc, c ni, c y, c, s
Ring vng Ty Nam B c nh gi l vng c ngnh thy sn bin pht trin nht c
nc, v khu vc ny c nhiu bi tm, bi c ln, tr lng c bin chim c nc, c
vng bin rng, nc bin m, thim lc a nng, mt khc thy sn c vai tr quan trng,
nht l i vi cc tnh ven bin, t trn 30% so vi mc bnh qun c nc, hai tnh c t
trng cao nht nc l Bc Liu v C Mau
Trong cc h sinh thi ny, tnh a dng sinh hc rt cao cn th hin tim nng nui
trng thy sn nc mn, l trong cc vng ca sng, m ph, vng vnh v vng bin ven
b rt ln. Din tch tim nng nui trng thy sn ca vng bao gm 3 loi hnh mt nc
l nc ngt, nc l v vng nc mn ven b, c th nui trng cc loi c sn nh tm,
cua, rong cu, nui c lng... Nui trng sinh vt bin cng ng gp mt sn lng ln
thy sn cho thc phm, dc phm, vt liu cng nghip, m ngh... phc v cho cuc sng
nh tm l c sn c tim nng khai thc ln v c gi tr kinh t cao, phn b C Mau,
King Giang, Bc Liu.
V ti nguyn du lch v ti nguyn giao thng. Vng bin Nam B c nhiu bi ct, bi
tm, hang ng t nhin p v h thng o ln nh, hnh thnh cc trung tm du lch ln
nh Vng Tu, Long Hi, H Tin, Cn o, Ph Quc, Kin Hi bt nht l Cn o (B
Ra-Vng Tu), Kin Hi v Ph Quc (Kin Giang)9, trong o Ph Quc l o ln nht
Nguyn Hng Thao (2004), Bo v mi trng bin: Vn v gii php, Nxb CTQG, H Ni,
tr.166.
7
Hi ngh bo co kt qu iu tra, nh gi hin trng ngun li hi sn vng bin Vit Nam, giai
on 2011-2013, Tng cc Thy sn, ngy 10/3/2014, http://www.rimf.org.vn.
8
Nguyn Hng Thao (2004), sd, tr.164.
9
Cn o l mt o thuc tnh B Ra-Vng Tu gm 16 hn o ln nh, vi tng din tch 76,71
km2, c kh hu trong lnh, thun li cho sc khe con ngi, c nhiu loi cy g v thuc qu, nhiu
loi chim th, c, rong, san h vi tr lng ng k, ring o Cn Ln c 24 bi bin ln nh
(xem: Nguyn nh Thng-Nguyn Linh-H S Hnh (2010), Lch s nh t Cn o (1962-1975),
6

c nc. Cc o khng ch c tim nng kinh t ln v du lch v cn c chin lc v an

ninh quc phng. V vy, vng bin Nam B hi t y iu kin pht trin cc loi
hnh du lch hin i nh ngh ngi, dng bnh, tm bin, tham quan, du lch sinh thi
nghin cu khoa hc bin, o, du lch th thao, dch v hi ngh, hi tho trong nc v quc
t.
Bn cnh , vng bin Nam B c tim nng v th mnh pht trin giao thng vn ti
bin ngnh c iu kin pht trin v sinh li ln. Vng bin ny c iu kin thun li l
ba mt gip bin, to s giao lu v m rng vi cc nc trong khu vc v th gii. Xt v
hiu qu kinh t, tim nng giao thng hng hi l rt ln. Dc b bin Nam B c th xy
dng cng bin nc su nh Vng Tu, Hn Chng, Ph Quc, Cn o v nhiu im
cng trung bnh cc o Ty Nam. Do vng nm k tuyn hng hi khu vc v quc t, nn
tng lai s gp phn hnh thnh h thng lin vn ng Nam , vng Nam B c th pht
trin mt s cng chuyn dng hoc qu cnh cho cc nc trong khu vc v th gii, nhm
p ng mc tiu n nm 2020, nc ta pht trin h thng cng bin theo mt quy hoch
tng th v thng nht trn quy m c nc nhm p ng yu cu cng nghip ha, hin i
ha t nc; to c s vt cht k thut nhanh chng a nc ta hi nhp v sc cnh
tranh trong hot ng cng bin vi cc nc trong khu vc v trn th gii, khng nh v tr
v u th v kinh t bin, ng thi gp phn bo m quc phng, an ninh ca t nc.
Hnh thnh nhng u mi giao lu kinh t quan trng vi quc t lm ng lc pht trin cc
khu kinh t, th cng nghip ven bin10.
2.2. Gi tr chin lc v an ninh quc phng
Ngoi tim nng chin lc v kinh t - x hi, vng bin, o Nam B cn c gi tr l
khng gian chin lc v an ninh quc phng cho vng v c nc.
C th ni vng bin Nam B tip gip vi Vnh Thi Lan, bn o M Lai, thng qua
eo bin Basi, bin Sulu v eo bin Malacca ni lin vi Thi Bnh Dng v n Dng,
cng vi Bin ng, vng bin pha Nam ca T quc lun nh hng n cc quan h a
chnh tr trong sut thi k cn v hin i. Ngy nay, giao lu v tip xc gia cc nc ngy
cng gia tng, vng bin o Vit Nam ni chung v Nam B ni ring cng tr nn nhn
nhp v tp np, vin cnh tng lai ca thng mi hng hi v vn ti ng bin tip tc
c ha hn. Vic gii quyt vn hoch nh ranh gii thm lc a v vng c quyn
kinh t Vnh Thi Lan c nhiu tin trin. Vn Bin ng lin quan n tranh chp v
xung t bin o trong hn ba thp nin qua tr nn phc tp v kh lng, t ra thch thc
ln cho vic gii quyt cc tranh chp. V vy, chng ta phi lun lun cnh gic v khng
ngng tng cng xy dng lc lng hi qun mnh, xy dng cc cn c qun s, cc
tuyn phng th pht trin t nc v bo v ch quyn lnh th.
Vng bin Vit Nam ni chung v Nam B ni ring, vi a hnh lnh th v ca vng
him tr, nhng vnh kn, xen ln vi nhng b bin bng phng, thun tin cho vic tr n
Nxb Tp.HCM, tr.15-19); Kin Hi l mt huyn o ca Kin Giang, nm ngoi khi vng bin Ty
Nam, tng din tch t nhin cc o ni l 2615,39ha, vi 23 o ln nh, c nhiu phong cnh p,
hu tnh (Bi Chn, ng Da, ui H B), c UNESCO cng nhn l khu d tr sinh quyn
th gii (2006) (Xem: http://www.tapchicongnghiep.vn, ngy 30/8/2012 v vi.wikipedia.org); Ph
Quc l vng bin thuc tnh Kin Giang, c 22 hn o ln nh, trong o Ph Quc ln nht, c
din tch 589,23 km. Ph Quc, cn c mnh danh l o Ngc, l hn o ln nht ca Vit Nam,
cng l o ln nht trong qun th 22 o ti y, nm trong vnh Thi Lan. Ph Quc c xc nh
l trung tm du lch sinh thi, c nhiu thng cnh p nh vn quc gia, Khu bo tn bin, cc bi
bin (An Thi, Dng ng, Bi Trng (Xem: htpp://www.vi.wikipedia.org).
10
Theo Quyt nh s 1037/Q-TTg ngy 24/6/2014, Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt iu chnh
Quy hoch pht trin h thng cng bin Vit Nam n nm 2020, nh hng n nm 2030.

tu thuyn v chuyn qun bng ng bin. Vi h thng o trn vng bin Nam B cng
vi di t lin ven bin thun li cho vic xy dng cc cn c qun s, im ta, pho i,
cc trm gc tin tiu (Ph Quc, Cn o, Kin Hi), hnh thnh tuyn phng th nhiu
tng, nhiu lp, vi th b tr chin lc hp th trn b, di nc, to iu kin thun li
bo v, kim sot v lm ch vng bin ca vng Nam B v ca t nc. ng thi, y
cng l nhng li th b tr cc lc lng, v kh trang b k thut ca cc lc lng hot
ng trn bin, ven bin phi hp cht ch vi cc lc lng trn b, to thnh th lin hon
bin o b trong th trn phng th khu vc11.
Nh vy, h thng cc o, cc huyn o hin nay ca vng bin Nam B c v tr
chin lc quan trng trong s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc, l h thng tin tiu bo
v t lin. Trn cc o c th lp nhng cn c kim sot vng bin, vng tri nc ta,
kim tra hot ng ca tu, thuyn, bo m an ninh quc phng, xy dng kinh t, bo v
ch quyn v ton vn lnh th ca t nc ta. ng thi l c s nc ta tin ra bin v
i dng trong th k XXI.
2.3. Gi tr chin lc vn ha bin o
Nu ly bin o lm im qui chiu, vng ven bin Vit Nam c th chia lm 4 khu
vc c bn12, mi khu vc u c du n ca bin o trong tng th vn ha dn tc, mi
khu vc ven bin, vn ha bin o cng c nhng sc thi ring, nhng d ring hay chung,
m nht khc nhau th vai tr, v tr ca bin o c nh hnh r nt trong lch s vn ha
dn tc. Nu vng vn ha Bc B c vn ha bin m nht nht, vng ven bin Bc Trung
B bt u biu hin r nhng yu t vn ha bin th hai vng cn li l ni c vn ha bin
mnh, m nt nht13.
Nhn li tin trnh lch s pht trin ca dn tc t xa n nay, cng ng dn tc sinh
sng trn lnh th Vit Nam lun lun coi bin o nh mt phn khng th tch ri, c trong
i sng v tm thc ca mnh. T xa, vn ha bin cng gn b vi nhng cu chuyn
truyn thuyt, n s gn b vi bin o trong cng cuc dng nc v gi nc, gn vi
qu trnh m t vo phng Nam ca vua cha nh Nguyn, cho n thc ca th h ngy
nay v gi tr vn ha bin o. i vi vng bin o Nam B, thc v s chinh phc bin
lun gn gi tr kinh t bin vi gi tr vn ha bin. iu ny minh chng rt r v vn ha
bin gn vi l hi dn gian nh L hi th cng Thnh Hong lng, L hi Nghinh ng, th
cng c voica c dn sng vng ven bin, cha ng nhng nt c o, gp phn
quan trng trong vic bo lu cc gi tr vn ha truyn thng v mang ngha nhn vn su
sc, th hin th ng x vn ha ca ng dn trc bin c. Tc th cng c voi gp phn
bo v loi ng vt qu him, bo v mi trng, cn bng sinh thi bin, cn bng ngun
li hi sn. Di sn vn ha lch s bin Nam B cn th hin cc hn o ln ca khu vc
nh Cn o, Kin Hi, v o Ph Quc, nhng ni ny li nhng gi tr lch s vn ha
c v truyn thng v hin i gp phn to nn bn sc vn ha Vit Nam.
Th mnh pht huy, bo tn v pht trin vn ha bin o vng Nam B hin nay l
ngy cng c nhiu c dn nh c ra vng ven bin sinh sng, c nhiu huyn, x thuc
cc tnh dc ven bin, c dn ven bin lun thc chinh phc bin c, lun nhn thc cuc
sng lun gn lin vi bin, iu ny th hin nhng kha cnh nh ra bin ln nh bt
H Nguyn (2013), Gii thiu v bin, o Vit Nam, Nxb Thng tin v Truyn thng, H Ni,
tr.32.
12
Theo cc nh nghin cu, c th chia vng ven bin Vit Nam thnh 4 khu vc c bn: (1) Khu vc
ven bin Bc B (Mng Ci Qung Ninh n Thanh Ha); (2) Khu vc ven bin Bc Trung B
(Ngh An n Hu); (3) Khu vc ven bin Trung Trung B - Nam Trung B - ng Nam B (
Nng n B Ra Vng Tu) v (4) Khu vc ven bin Ty Nam B (Cn Th H Tin).
13
H Nguyn (2013), Sch dn, tr.66-70.
11

c, bo v ng trng truyn thng, kt hp t chc cc nghi l, l hi truyn thng, th cng

thn bin, ghe, tu thuyn trc khi xut dng mong cho cuc vt bin, chinh phc
bin ca c dn c bnh an, may mn v mang li gi tr kinh t cao. Tuy nhin, th mnh
cha c quan tm ng mc, nhiu ni thuc cc tnh Nam B cn m nht, c chng
cng ch m nt vng ven bin, cn phn ln su trong lc a, thc v hiu bit v vn
ha bin o cn hn ch rt nhiu. Nhn chung vn ha bin o vng Nam B ni ring v
c nc ni chung cha to c s bt ph ln trong h thng khng gian vn ha dn tc.
Vng bin Nam B c nhiu th mnh rt ln khng ch v kinh t, an ninh-quc phng, m
cn c gi tr vn ha v gi. Trong , vn ha bin o cn phi c pht trin c tnh
chin lc, l nhim v v trch nhim ca chnh quyn ln ngi dn (c vng ven bin ln
c dn trong t lin) ca cc tnh Nam B, iu ny to sc mnh trong vic gi gn, bo v
bin o ca T quc, gp phn a Vit Nam hon thnh v pht trin chin lc bin ca
t nc n nm 2020.
3. Mt s gii php pht trin bn vng gi tr chin lc vng bin o Nam B
trong th k XXI.
pht trin bn vng vng bin o Nam B, tc gi xin a ra mt s gii php ch
yu sau:
Th nht, xc nh mi quan h chin lc gia pht trin tng hp kinh t bin vi an
ninh quc phng v vn ha bin o vng Nam B. Vng bin Nam B c nhiu tim nng
rt ln v ti nguyn bin v vng ven bin c ngha rt quan trng i vi s nghip pht
trin ca vng. Tuy nhin, quy m pht trin kinh t bin ca vng vn cha tng xng vi
tim nng, thiu tnh h thng v c s h tng, dch v hu cn, cng ngh hin i, k thut
nh bt, khai thc cn hn ch v cha chun b cc iu kin cn thit sc vn
ra vng bin quc t. Chnh v vy, cn c chin lc pht trin tng hp kinh t bin cho c
vng, kt ni cht ch gia cc tnh, to bc t ph v c ch pht trin kinh t bin.
ng thi, mun pht trin n nh v bn vng vng bin Nam B, cn chun b xy dng
cc tiu ch c th bo m v quc phng - an ninh, kin quyt bo v vng chc cc
vng bin o ca vng trong bi cnh tranh chp bin o ang din ra ngy cng phc tp.
Qun trit pht trin kinh t x hi, an ninh quc phng phi gn vi xy dng vn ha bin
o, nhm to c ch phi hp thun li cho s nghip pht trin chung cho c vng. Bn
cnh , cc a phng ca cc tnh Nam B c bin, o cn xy dng v trin khai l trnh
pht trin tng hp kinh t bin a phng gn vi vic bo m quc phng, an ninh v
vn ha bin o. Xc nh mi quan h chin lc v kinh t - quc phng, an ninh vn
ha bin o vng Nam B l nhm pht huy sc mnh tng hp, gi vng c lp, ch
quyn, quyn ch quyn, quyn ti phn, ton vn lnh th, lnh hi, vng tri T quc.
Th hai, gii php v chin lc pht trin kinh t. Cc tnh ven bin Nam B da vo
th mnh ca vng v da vo nh hng chin lc pht trin ca t nc, cn a ra l
trnh hin thc ha pht trin bin o trong thi gian ngn hn v di hn (nh tp trung v
chnh sch, lut php, cc ngnh kinh t mi nhn, v khoa hc cng ngh, c s h tng,
nghin cu khoa hc bin). i vi xy dng h thng c ch chnh sch c hiu qu s
gp phn qun l ti nguyn, mi trng bin v khai thc c hiu qu cc ngun li t bin
o cho s nghip pht trin ca vng. i vi pht trin mt s ngnh mi nhn nh du lch,
dch v bin, khai thc v nui trng hi snv xy dng nhanh h thng kt cu h tng
trn cc o v vng ven bin, m bo an sinh x hi ngi dn ra nh c lu di vng
ven bin v cc o, s tng gi tr kinh t, to tng trng ca vng, gp phn n nh,
pht trin bn vng vng, gp phn bo v an ninh, ch quyn vng bin, o ca vng Nam
B v c nc. Bn cnh , y mnh cng tc nghin cu khoa hc cng ngh v qun l
v pht trin kinh t bin, o nhm khai thc, s dng bn vng cc ngun ti nguyn v bo

v mi trng bin, o. Thc hin cc cc gii php nhm ng ph c hiu qu vi bin i

kh hu, gim thiu ti a s suy thoi ti nguyn bin v hi o, a dng sinh hc bin v
cc h sinh thi bin.
Th ba, gii php v chin lc an ninh, quc phng. Vng bin o Nam B hin ti
c 3 mt gip bin, li nm trong khu vc c xung t a chnh tr nan gii v mang tnh
nhy cm (tranh chp Bin ng, Vnh Thi Lan). Chng ta cng khng th loi tr hay
phng nguy c mt an ninh khu vc. V n khng ch lin quan n nhiu kha cnh nh
ch quyn, an ninh, qun s, kinh t, chnh tr, ngoi giao n i sng sinh hot chnh tr
trong khu vc m cn lin quan n khng gian sinh tn cc c dn sng ven bin, n t
do, an ton hng hi v mi trng bin; n ha bnh, n nh v hp tc cng pht trin ti
khu vc Nam B v Bin ng. V vy, m bo an ninh quc phng vng bin Nam B,
chng ta khng ngng xy dng lc lng hi qun, qun i mnh sn sng chin u, thc
hin cc cuc din tp nh k, xy dng cn c qun s lin hon ni bin o vi t lin
to iu kin bo v, kim sot v lm ch vng bin. Cn xy dng cc o (Cn o, Ph
Quc, Kin Hi) thnh chui phng th kin c v vng chc khu vc pha nam. y l cc
o to thnh h thng tin tiu bo v t lin, h thng cn c khu vc v c nc tin ra
bin ln v i dng trong th k XXI, khai thc c hiu qu cc ngun li vng bin, o v
thm lc a. ng thi to c s php l trong vic khng nh ch quyn ca nc ta i vi
cc o, c ngha l c s khng nh ch quyn ca nc ta i vi vng bin v thm
lc a bao quanh.
Th t, gii php v pht trin vn ha. Trn c s gn pht trin kinh t bin, gi gn
an ninh vng bin, s sng v pht trin sinh tn ca dn tc ta ni chung v c dn Nam B
ni ring l thing ling. Cng vi vic ln bin xy dng t nc v thng qua bin
gn gi v bo v t nc l mt nt c o ca bn sc vn ha Vit Nam, m Nam B c
ng gp rt ln trong tin trnh y. Cc tnh Nam B cn tip tc nghin cu lp danh mc
v h s cc di tch lch s vn ha, danh lam thng cnh v sinh thi vng bin. Cn thit
thnh lp cc h thng Bo tng v vn ha bin o cc a phng, cng nh cho c
vng. Nng cp v m rng cc di tch hin c, ng thi u t cho cng tc su tm, khai
qut, bo qun di sn vn ha bin o. a dng ha cc loi hnh vn ha lin quan n bin
o phn nh nhu cu i sng mi mt v thng xuyn ca cng ng c dn ven bin v
lc a, gm c qu trnh giao lu, hi nhp vi th gii, trong c nhiu tp qun v truyn
thng sinh hot l hi ca c dn Nam B, tng bc nh hnh n np v dn tr thnh c
du n su sc trong i sng vn ha ca nhn dn Nam B. Thng xuyn t chc nh k
cc hot ng nh Tun l Bin v Ho o Nam B/Vit Nam, Din n Thng hiu
Bin/vn ha bin o Nam B, cc hi ngh, hi tho trao i, nghin cu v vn ha bin
o ng thi, tin phong a ni dung vn ha bin o vo chng trnh ging dy i
hc v h thng cc trng ph thng ti Nam B.
Ti liu tham kho
1. Hi Khoa hc Lch s Vit Nam (2014), Lc s vng t Nam B Vit Nam, Nxb
CTQG, H Ni.
2. nh Knh Lu Vn Khu (2009), Nhng chuyn l v bin, Nxb Gio dc, H Ni.
3. Trn Nam Tin (2011), Hong Sa - Trng Sa: Hi v p, NXB Tr.
4. Nguyn Hng Thao (2004), Bo v mi trng bin: vn v gii php, Nxb
CTQG, H Ni.

5. Nguyn nh Thng-Nguyn Linh-H S Hnh (2010), Lch s nh t Cn o

(1962-1975), Nxb Tp.HCM.
6. H Nguyn (2013), Gii thiu v bin, o Vit Nam, Nxb Thng tin v Truyn
thng, H Ni.
THNG TIN TC GI:
H v tn: V Minh Tp
a ch gi th: 276/3/45 M L, Bnh Tr ng A, Q.Bnh Tn, HCMC.
S ti khon: 17002 1500 8508, Ngn hng Agrribank, Chi nhnh Thp mi.
Email: tapminhs@gmail.com