Theragthpi pana kad parinihpit?

Dr. S. Vijitakumro

Paarasesu

ganthesu

savijjati

Khuddakanikye

sobhamna2

Theragthpti

veditabb.3

yakici

therehi
Aya

gantha

suttante

bhsitamudnesu,

tameva

kho

pana

ekakaniptdito

mahniptante ekavsati nipt vahati. Kati gthyo asmi dissante?

Ctuddasa-dvesatdhika-sahassa gth gat.4 Tasmihi ye arahatta
pattehi

mahtherehi

abhiviseso

ya

yadeva

paccanubhta

jhna

sampatti

samadhigata

ta

tadeva

yathbhta pkaiktu paresa sapetu vyamant im gth

bhsisu. Yath bhikkhu savara pajjisu imasmi dhammavinaye
agrasm

anagriya

pabbajitv

tatheva

savarampann

ca

paipajjamn ca te sabbadukkhanissaraa nibba sacchikatv

attano

gahahakale

laddha

ya

hna

gamma

pothujjanika

dukkhaca vedanaca sallekkhant ubhayni tni jvitni sasandanti

sasamenti.

Te

sasandetv

parisuddha

ajjhatta

sasametv

vkaront

kevala

evarpenni

paripua

udnena

vkyni

addasma

tassa

bykatisu.
Theragthpli

adhyamn

maya

parini hamana
samrabba uggatni kicipi visamni matni asmi.

Idha pakara e kho pana Bhagavato klato pa hya

Asokassa samaya

Dr.S Vijakura, Ph.D i Pali,, B.A(Hos) (USJP), M.A (Kelaiya), M.A (BPU), Royal Pudi (OSS), PhD

(USJP), Lecurer, Mahidol Uiversiy, Salaya, Thailad

2

khuddakapha- dhammapada-udna-itivuttaka-suttanipta-vimnavatthu-petavatthutheragth-thergth-jtaka-niddesa- pa isambhidmagga-apadna-buddhavasacariypiakavasena pannarasappabhedo khuddakanikyoti, Digha Nikaya Atthakatha,

1886, p.15
3

Y hi te attan yathdhigata maggaphalasukha paccavekkhitv kci udnavasena,

kci attano sampattivihrapaccavekkhaavasena, kci pucchvasena, kci
parinibbnasamaye ssanassa niyynikabhvavibhvanavasena abhsisu, t sabb
sagtikle ekajjha katv theragthicceva, Theragath A hakatha,
1940, p. 2

Tasmi kati gthyoti sallakkhamn Sahassa honti t gth, ti sahi satni ca;
Ther ca dve sat sahi, cattro ca paksitti ahakathya sadassamnamida
pha vkaroma. Theragath A hakatha,
1940,p. 3 , [Kintu vattamne Buddhajayanti

ganthamlya aa dassma. ta kho pana Ctuddasa-dvesatdhika-sahassa gth]

parimitattamabhavati. Imasmi ganthe Tathgatassa dharamaneyeva

bhsita

gthayo savijjanti. Tathgatassa

bhsitagthyopi

santi.

Tathpi

tasmi

parinibbute
Tathgathassa

sampe atte
parinibbute

atikkante tisatavasse gyita gthyopi dissante sammukhanti. Kena hena

tathgathassa dharamneyeva bhsitagthyo santti vadma? Yath

kod aatthero bhasati tassa hadaye samuppann cetan ta pahame
samaye

iti

ga hitabba.

Tathpi

Sriputtamoggallnattherna

gthyopi. Sopkattheragthpi thesnamantare yojpetv da habba

.

Yena kenaci kra ena so Rhulakumrassa pabbajja purime yeva

imasmi Bhagavato ssane pabbajito ahosi. Ki a sdhra aaa v o v?
Yadi Rhulassa pabbajj uddissa Bhagavato na, bhikkhave, ananuto
mtpithi putto pabbjetabbo. Yo pabbjeyya, patti dukkaassti5.
Aapatthi, yath Mahvaggapliygata papana vmasamne ya
Ussahanti pana te, nanda, drak kke upetunti? Ussahanti,
bhagavti. Atha kho bhagav etasmi nidne etasmi pakarae
dhammi katha katv bhikkh mantesi anujnmi, bhikkhave,
napannarasavassa

draka

kkuepaka

pabbjetunti.6

ta

vkaroti sopkassa pabbajj pana assa papanassa ca pureyeva

ahosti.

Tenahi

Theragthpaliygata

sopkattheragthpi

aparinibbutassa tathgatassa pahame samayeti vattu yutta.

Punaca

para,

yakici

theragth

Bhagavato

parinibbute

samptte ca bhsitanti viutbbo. Yath Dhammaplattheragath.

Athakathya savijjate So tena puakammena devamanussesu
sasaranto imasmi buddhuppde satthari parinibbute avantirahe
brhmaakule nibbattitv dhammaplo ti laddhanmoti7 Tasm, na
tattha kicipi vilambamna niddesitu va ati
tasm Theragthpliy
Buddhassa Bhagavato parinibbute nacirasseva kle sagahit gthyopi
dassantti vattu.

5
6
7

Vinaya Pitaka, 1997, ed, Orldenberg Hermann, p. 83

Ibid p.79
Theragath Pali, 1966, ed, Pischel Richard, p.70

Uttarimpi,

Tathgathassa

parinibbnato

dvesatavassaccayenapi

antarepavisih gthyo savijjanti. Ida mata suhu avadhrayitu

yena Tekiccatheragthya. Theragthahakathnayena, so kho pana
candaguttassa rao samaye jvita kappento yo eko bhikkhu. Tad
cakko subuddhassa paveyyattiya kiriysu up yakosallaca disv,
aya imasmi rjakule patiha labhanto ma abhibhaveyyti
isspakato

ra

Tekicchakr

pitu

candaguttena

ta

bandhangre

bandhangrappavesana

sutv

khippesi.

bhto

palyitv

savsittherassa santika gantv attano savegakraa therassa

kathetv

pabbajitv8

Asmi

tassa

therevarassa

gahahajvita

vkaramno sadassita imasi p he rjassa Cadaguassa ca ahpi C akko

ii purohiassa ca ai drua kiriya. Tenahiyeva kraeneva sakkomha
Tekicchattheragthya niravajja kla upadhretu.
Imasmi

visaye

Ekavihriyattheragthpi

atva

garuko

hoti.

Theragthpliy dasaka nipte gatamida eva bhsati katha nu kho

kilesna saharana ktuti. Ida kho pana tisso iti Asokassa rao
ekassa bhtuno bhsita. imasmi buddhuppde bhagavati parinibbute
dhammsokarao kanihabht hutv nibbatti iti pha tassa visesa
vibhge

paridpayati.

pabbajjamapekkhi?

Kasm

so

pabbajita

ekadivasa

sundarnti

cintetv

gato

arae

migava

yonakamahdhammarakkhitatthera hatthingena slaskha gahetv

bjiyamna nisinna disv sajtapasdo aho vathampi aya
mahthero

viya

pabbajitv

arae

vihareyyanti

cintesi. 9Tassa

rjabhvaca khattiyattaca tesna gthbbhantarepca paridpayate

yath Esa bandhmi sannha, pavisissmi knana10 vijjate yath
khattiyarupeneva. Apica, Avijja dlayissmi, nisinno nagamuddhani11
iti amhehi uddharyamne asmi phe upayuttassa upampi passissma
khattiyassa

vacane.

Sace,

sabbena

sabba

paggahya

ekavihriyatteragth asokassa samayeva bhsitanti avadhrema.

8
9

Theragath Pali, 1966, ed, Pischel Richard, p.163

Theragath Pali, 1966, ed, Pischel Richard, p.227

10
11

Theragath Pali, 1966, ed, Pischel Richard, p.58

Ibid

ida

Antime, Theragthpliy duka nipte gata vtasokattheragth

rabbha

samuggata

vivda

uddissa

asmsamatapi

dassetv

upasametu ussahmi. Imasmi kraasmi pariyesita K.R.Norman

nma bahussuto viyatto visrado padito yath Vtasoko pana Asokassa
rao

nattra

iti

ganhti.

Tathpi

so

Anena

nayena

cintetv

Theragthhakathcariyassa mataca paikkhipati.12 So Aya vtasoko

thero vigatsoko iti gahetv theragthpliy pacc Asokassa samayeva
parinihna

pattti

Badaratitthavsin

vaditu

upakrati.

Theragthpiy

Dhammaplcariyenaa

saracita

Theragthahakaceva Jambudpe itihsagatapavattni ca yathbala

adhyamn maya addasma aa mata. Yath katha? imasmi
buddhuppde ahrasavassdhikna dvinna vassasatna matthake
dhammsokarao kanihabht hutv nibbatti, tassa vtasoko ti nma
ahosi.13 Asokassa rao natt pana Vigatsokova no Vitsoko. Vitsoko
nmo tasseko bht. Imasmi gambhra paha vissajjana kmoha
icchmi sandassitu aesa mataca sasaditu, sasametu. Oliver
Abeynayake iti mahcariyo attano A Textual and historical analysis of the
Khuddka Nikaya nma ganthe so Vtasoko iti Asokassa rao eko bhtti
Asokvadna

nma

gantamuddharyamno

pakseti. 14 Tena

nayena

sallakkhetv yadida Vtasokassa Theragthpi savijjamna ima

Theragthpi nna Tathgatassa parinibbute aha-pacavassasate
samatikkante
sdhra a

parinihnampannti
kra ani

vattu

ida

veditabb.
pacch

Nevatthi
Asokassa

kicipi
samaye

parinihpitanti.

Upanissitni Ganthni
12

"Dhammapala is mistaken about Vitasoka, and we should rather see in him Ashoka's
grandson 'Vigatasoka', Norman K.R, Poems of Early Buddhist Monks, 1969, p. xxvii
13
14

Theragath Pali, 1966, ed, Pischel Richard, p.45

"The Asokavadana states that vitasoka was one of the brother", Abeynayake Oliver,

Textual and Historical Analysis of the Khuddhaka Nikaya, 1984, p. 85

PahameGa e
Digha Nikaya Atthakatha, 1886, ed, Davids Rhys and Carpenter Estlin J, PTS, London
Theragath Pali, 1966, ed, Pischel Richard, PTS, London
Theragath A hakatha,
1940, ed, Woodword F.L, PTS, London

Vinaya Pitaka, 1997, ed, Orldenberg Hermann, PTS, London

DutiyeGa e
Abeynayake Oliver, Textual and Historical Analysis of the Khuddhaka Nikaya, 1984, by
Author, Colombo
Norman K.R, Poems of Early Buddhist Monks, 1969, PTS, London