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Calculation and Analysis of the Coupling Effects of High Voltage

Transmission Lines in Joint-use Corridors Shared by
Multi-systems
Jun Zhu, Xiaobin Cao, Zihui Zhao, Li Chen, and Guangning Wu
School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, China

Abstract Electromagnetic coupling effects among transmission lines threaten the stability
and reliability of each system, which the corridor is shared by. This paper investigates the effects
of various parameters on the electromagnetic interference among transmission lines in detail.
The influencing factors include erection parameters, soil parameters and operation parameters
of power system. A multi-conductor transmission line model is established to calculate the
coupling effects of transmission lines with EMTP. The model consists of 500 kV double-circuit
AC transmission lines and 1000 kV one-circuit AC transmission lines. And then, the effects of
various parameters on the generated interferences are analyzed, when 1000 kV AC transmission
lines are de-energized. The general rules of induction components among transmission lines
changing with different parameters are obtained. This paper provides an insight on how to make
the safe distance of transmission lines in the corridors.
1. INTRODUCTION

With the rapid development of economy and society, joint-use corridors shared by multi-system
have the characteristic of saving land, which is occupied by power, communication, transportation
and energy transport systems. Meanwhile, in order to meet energy demand, UHV transmission lines
are gradually put into use. This leads to the load current and fault current of transmission lines
increased significantly, and exacerbates the electromagnetic coupling effects among transmission
lines in joint-use corridors. So the electromagnetic interference threatens the stability and reliability
of each system in the corridors.
In order to ensure each system operating safely in the corridors, many countries have started
research and have developed regulations and standards [1, 2]. Researchers mainly study on the
coupling effects among parallel transmission lines. The generation mechanism of electromagnetic
induction components between two parallel conductors was analyzed in [3] and [4]. These papers
described a method of calculating the transverse voltage caused by electric field induction based on
charge equivalent method. The electromagnetic interference among parallel transmission lines was
analyzed in [5] and [6]. These papers pointed out that the induced longitudinal EMF increases with
the parallel length in approximate direct proportion. But, all the research above is not concerning
the electromagnetic interference among multi-circuit lines.
Transmission lines in the corridor are close to each other, so the electromagnetic interference level
is more serious. This threatens reliable operation of each system and the safety of line maintenance.
It is necessary to study on the electromagnetic induction among lines in the corridors, and analyze
the general rules of induction components changing with different parameters.
2. SYSTEM SITUATION AND SIMULATION MODEL

This paper mainly studies on the general rules of induction components among lines changing with
different parameters, so there is no need to correspond with the actual lines. Typical erection
situation and line parameters are confirmed from relevant articles. Then, a parallel transmission
lines system has been set up, as shown in Fig. 1(a). The total length of transmission lines in parallel
is l (km), and the separation distance between 500 kV and 1000 kV ac transmission lines is d (m).
A cross section of the joint-use corridor is shown in Fig. 1(b), and various parameters of transmission lines in the common corridor were given by [6] and [7] in detail. This paper adopts nine-phase
line to simulate 500 kV double-circuit ac transmission lines on the same tower in parallel with
1000 kV one-circuit ac transmission lines with EMTP.

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500 kV AC TL

1000 kV AC TL

(a)

(b)

Figure 1: 500 kV double-circuit ac TL on the same tower in parallel with 1000 kV one-circuit ac TL. (a)
Parallel transmission lines system. (b) Cross section of parallel transmission lines system.

Figure 2: Relation between transverse voltage and

length of parallel lines (d = 40 m, h = 38.5 m, =
100 m).

Figure 3: Relation between transverse voltage and

separation distance (l = 60 km, h = 38.5 m, =
100 m).

3. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION COMPONENT ON 1000 KV DE-ENERGIZED

LINES
3.1. Transverse Voltage Due to Electric-field Induction

When 1000 kV ac transmission lines are de-energized and insulated against ground, the transverse
voltage is generated in every phase of UHV transmission lines due to electric-field induction. The
rules of transverse voltage changing with length of parallel lines and separate distance are respectively shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The length of parallel lines is varying from 20 m to 140 m, and
separeted distance from 40 m to 190 m.
3.2. Longitudinal EMF and Induced Current Due to Magnetic-field Induction

When 1000 kV ac transmission lines are de-energized and grounded at a single terminal or at
two terminals, the longitudinal EMF and induced current are generated in every phase of UHV
transmission lines due to magnetic-field induction. The rules of longitudinal EMF and induced
current changing with parallel length, separation distance, soil resistivity and current in energized
lines are respectively shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7. Parallel length is varying from 20 m to 140 m,
separeted distance from 40 m to 190 m, soil resistivity from 10 m to 105 m, and current from
400 A to 3000 A in every phase.
4. DISCUSSION

The effects of various parameters on the generated electromagnetic interference are discussed in
this section. The parallel transmission line system described in Section 2 is taken as an example
to analyze. All the calculation results are the induced interferences on the A phase conductor of
1000 kV lines with neighboring 500 kV ac lines in the steady state.

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PIERS Proceedings, Suzhou, China, September 1216, 2011

Figure 4: Relation between longitudinal EMF/induced current and length of parallel lines. (d = 40 m,
h = 38.5 m, = 100 m, I = 1000 A).

Figure 5: Relation between Longitudinal EMF/induced current and separation distance. (l = 60 km, h =
38.5 m, = 100 m, I = 1000 A).

Figure 6: Relation between longitudinal EMF/induced current and soil resistivity. (l = 60 km, d = 40 m,
h = 38.5 m, I = 1000 A).

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4.1. Length of Parallel Lines

Relation between electromagnetic induction components and length of parallel lines is shown in
Figs. 2 and 4. The transverse voltage does not vary with the parallel length markedly, while the
longitudinal EMF increases with the parallel length and do not present direct proportion. When
the de-energized lines are grounded at two terminals, the current amplitude is very large. So,
when the de-energized lines are maintained, it is important to take measures to reduce the current
amplitude in the grounding loop.
4.2. Separation Distance

Relation between the electromagnetic induction components and separation distance is shown in
Figs. 3 and 5. With the increase of separation distance, all the components above decrease and do
not present direct proportion. The effects of separation distance upon the electromagnetic induction
components on the A phase conductor are shown in Tab. 1. When the distance is smaller than 80 m,
all components are very large and decrease rapidly with the increase of separation distance. When
the distance is larger than 80 m, all components are small and decrease slowly with the increase of
separation distance. So transmission lines in the corridors should keep a certain distance. In this
paper, the separation distance is suggested to be larger than 80 m in the parallel transmission line
system.

Figure 7: Relation between longitudinal EMF/induced current and current in 500 kV TL. (l = 60 km,
d = 40 m, h = 38.5 m, = 100 m).
Table 1: Effects of separation distance upon the electromagnetic induction components on A phase conductor.
Separation Distance (m)
Transverse Voltage (kV)
Longitudinal EMF (kV)
Induced Current (A)

40
30.6
0.95
42.1

60
10.3
0.26
10.9

80
5.63
0.14
5.11

100
3.71
0.11
3.46

120
2.63
0.1
2.76

140
1.94
0.098
2.38

160
1.49
0.093
2.12

180
1.17
0.088
1.94

Table 2: Effects of soil resistivity upon the electromagnetic induction components on the A phase conductor.
Soil Resistivity ( m)
Longitudinal EMF (V)
Induced Current (A)
Soil Resistivity ( m)
Longitudinal EMF (V)
Induced Current (A)

10
983.9
44.7
103
919.9
40.3

20
973.7
43.8
2 103
910.2
39.9

50
961.1
42.8
5 103
897.4
39.4

80
954.7
42.3
8 103
890.8
39.1

102
951.6
42.1
104
887.7
39.0

2 102
942.1
41.5
2 104
877.9
38.7

5 102
929.5
40.8
5 104
865.1
38.4

8 102
923.0
40.4
8 104
858.5
38.2

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4.3. Soil Resistivity

Relation between the induced longitudinal EMF/current and soil resistivity is shown in Fig. 6.
With the increase of soil resistivity, the longitudinal EMFs and induced currents in each phase of
1000 kV ac transmission lines present different trends, and are slightly affected by it. The effects
of soil resistivity upon the electromagnetic induction components on the A phase conductor are
shown in Tab. 2. While the variation range of soil resistivity is in the same order of magnitude, the
induction components change slightly. While the variation range exceeds one order of magnitude,
the induction components are changed obviously. It is because that the mutual impedances between
transmission lines change with soil resistivity. The formulas of the mutual impedance and the
complex depth are shown in [5]. It is obviously obtained that the complex depth of earth return
current circuit is very large in power frequency. While the variation range of soil resistivity is in the
same order of magnitude, the complex depth changes slightly. Therefore, the mutual impedance
is essentially constant, leading to the induction components changing slightly. While the variation
range of soil resistivity exceeds one order of magnitude, even reaching several orders of magnitude,
the complex depth changes in several orders of magnitude. Thus, the mutual impedance changes
greatly, leading to the induction components changing obviously.
4.4. Current in Energized Lines

Relation between the induced longitudinal EMF/current and current in energized lines is shown in
Fig. 7. The induced longitudinal EMF and induced current increased with current of 500kV lines
in approximate direct proportion.
5. CONCLUSION

In this paper, the electromagnetic coupling effects of HV transmission lines in the corridors have
been studies with a computing model established in EMTP. From the calculation results, the
following conclusions can be drawn.
1. The transverse voltage does not vary with the parallel length markedly, while the longitudinal
EMF increases with the parallel length and do not present direct proportion.
2. The induced current is very large and essentially constant with parallel length. It is important
to take measures to reduce the current amplitude in the grounding loop when de-energized
lines are maintained.
3. All the induction components decrease and do not present direct proportion with separation
distance increased. When the distance is larger than 80 m, all components are small and
decrease slowly with the increase of separation distance. Thus, the separation distance is
suggested to larger than 80 m in the parallel transmission line system of this paper.
4. With the increase of soil resistivity, the longitudinal EMFs and induced currents in each
phase of 1000 kV ac transmission lines present different trends, and are slightly affected by it.
While the variation range of soil resistivity is in the same order of magnitude, the induction
components change slightly. While the variation range exceeds one order of magnitude, the
induction components are changed obviously.
5. The induced longitudinal EMF and induced current increased with current of energized lines
in approximate direct proportion.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank Professor Guangning Wu in Southwest Jiaotong University for
kindly comments and suggestions. This research was supported by the International Cooperation
Ministry of Science and Technology PRC (Grant No. 2009DFA72230).
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