Chng 6: TN X MANDELSTAM-BRRILOUIN

Dch ting anh:

http://www.mientayvn.com/dich_tieng_anh_chuyen_nghanh.html

Phn bit phn x v tn x

nh sng i hng tun theo
nh lut Cc (gc phn x
bng gc ti).

nh sng i hng khng

tun theo quy lut no.

S khc nhau gia tn x Raman

v tn x BRRILOUIN
Tn x Raman
c c
n

r
t

x
n

s
h
n
n

r
t
t
i
v
Qu
g
n

o
i
da
o
g

t
n
n
g

n
h
p
h
g
n

v
g
n
nm tro

S khc nhau gia tn x Raman

v tn x BRRILOUIN
Tn x BRRILOUIN

Qu
t
phn rnh tn
t
bng dao x trn
c
n
tn s
m g vi tn c
than
s
h

S khc nhau gia tn x Raman

v tn x BRRILOUIN
Bc
sng
nh sng qua
qu trnh tn
x Raman b
thay
i
nhiu hn so
vi tn x
Brrilouin.

S ging nhau gia tn

x
BRRILOUIN v nhiu x Bragg.
Ni chung, sng in t (nh sng, tia X) khi chiu
qua mi trng mt vt cht bin thin tun hon
s b nhiu x.

Ch
v iu
oc
c nh
h
t sn
g

Ch
tin iu
h tia
th
X

S hnh thnh cch t Bragg

trong mi
C trng vt cht do sng
m cd
i
c
m ht tr ao
n

c
n

Trong mi trng
g cc ht vi m (nguyn t, phn t hoc
ng vtg cht,
v tnns bng tn s sng m (thay i v tr
bi vi
ion) c th dao ng
n t c y l
rt t so vi v tr cn bng).
th ht an
in l tr
tu m uy
n m n
h t tro
a. ng
v
t

Lc ny mi trng vt cht tr
thnh mt cch t Bragg c chu
k bng bc sng ca sng m.

Lc ny mi trng vt cht
tr thnh mt cch t Bragg
c chu k bng bc sng ca
sng m.
Khi nh sng 2 chiu ti cch
t Bragg s b tn x, nng
lng ca photon b mt i
hoc tng thm lm tn s ca
n thay i mt lng .
Cn c vo s thay i tn s
ny ta o c vn tc lan
truyn ca sng m trong mi
trng theo cng thc:

Ph
Ph
on tnh vn tc sng m:
Chng
cngthc
tr ominh
to
n on
n n
gm l
g l

in l
ng l
ng
.
t ng
.
t
t
n
ng
n
Phng php vt l c nim:
Xt bi ton
l nh hin tng
g
n
l
nhiu x qua cch t chuyn ng,

tn s nh gsng thay i do
c
ng
hiu ng Dopler.
a
da
c
o
a
Phng php c hc lng t: xt tng tc gia nh sng v
sng m di dng tng tc gia ht photon v ht phonon.