Concept !!

LAST TWO DIGITS OF A NUMBER

LAST TWO DIGITS OF A NUMBER
If we divide 4873 by 100, What is the Remainder ?
Obviously our answer will be 73. Last two digit of 4873 is also 73.
So if we divide any number by 100, the remainder is last two digit.
a) Number ending with 1 :
Example 1 : Find the last 2 digits of 41^56.
Here units digit is 1 . Now, multiply the 10s digit of the number with the last
digit of exponent 41^86 => 4 * 6 = 24 => 4 is the 10s digit. So, last 2 digits a
re => 41.
Example 2: Find the last 2 digits of 81^2897.
Last two digit will be 61 (8*7 =56)
Example 3: Find the last 2 digits of 894531^2432897.
Last two digit depends upon the last two numbers only : 894531^2432897 => 31^243
2897 , so last two digit will be 11 ( 3*7 = 21)
b) Number ending with 9 :
Example 1 : Find the last 2 digits of 59^56. (power is even)
59^56 = (100-41)^56 => 41^56. Now it ends with 1. So the last two digit is 41.(A
s discussed above)
Example 2 : Find the last 2 digits of 59^53. (power is odd)
59^53 = (100-41)^53 => - 41^53. Now it ends with 1. So the remainder is - 21(4*3
= 12). Since negative remainder is - 21 , Convert this to positive by taking th
e 100's complement i.e. 100 - 21 =79 . so the last two digit is 79.
c) Number ending with 3, 7 :
If you take a square of any number ending with 3 or
w you can apply the previous method.
Example 1 : Find the last 2 digits of 33^56. (power
33^56 = (33^2)^28 => 1089^28 => 89^28 => 11^28 => .
ast two digit is 81.
Example 2 : Find the last 2 digits of 37^59. (power
37^65 = 37 * (37^2)^32 =>37 * 3969^32 => 37 * 69^32
257. So the last two digit is 57.

7, it always ends with 9. No

is even)
Now it ends with 1. So the l
is odd)
=> 37 * 31^32 => 37 * 61 = 2

d) Number ending with 5 :

If you take any power of any number ending with 25,45,65,85 , last two digit is
always 25.
If you take any even power of number ending with 15,35,55,75,95, last two digit
is always 25.
If you take any odd power of number ending with 15,35,55,75,95, last two digit i
s always 75.
e) Number ending with 2,4,6,or 8 :
There is only one even two-digit number which always ends in itself (last two di
gits) - 76 i.e. 76 raised to any power gives the last two digits as 76. Therefor
e, our purpose is to get 76 as last two digits for even numbers.
We also need to remember that,
1) 24^2 = 76
2) 2^10 = xx24
3) 24^even = xx76
4) 24^odd = xx24
Example 1 : Find the last 2 digits of 2^59.
2^59 = (2^9) * (2^10)^5 = 512 * (1024)^5 = 12 * 24 = 88

Example 2 : Find the last 2 digits of 62^58

62^58 = (2^8) * (2^50) * (31^58) = 56 * 24 * 41 = 84
NOW TRY TO SOLVE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1) 7^2008 (CAT 2008)
2) 36^2010
3) 77^77
4) 78 ^ 2009
5) 73 ^589