Php Th Tam Gic

Mc ch ca php th tam gic l xc nh xem c s khc nhau tng

th v tnh cht cm quan gia hai mu sn phm hay khng.
ngi th cn c hun luyn hiu r cng vic c m t trong
phiu nh gi cm quan, nhng khng hun luyn nh gi cc c
tnh cm quan c th.
Thit k th nghim
Php th tam gic c 6 trt t trnh by mu: v m ho thnh s
AAB
BAB
ABA
BBA
BAA
ABB
PHIU NH GI CM QUAN
Php th tam gic
Ngi th :. Ngy th :.
Bn nhn c 3 mu c gn m s gm 3 ch s, trong hai mu
ging nhau v mt mu khc. Hy th mu theo th t cho sn, t tri
qua phi v la chn mu no khc hai mu cn li. Ghi kt qu vo
bng di.
Hy thanh v bng bnh v nc sau mi mu. Bn khng c php
nm li mu.
Mu th

Mu khc (nh du )

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Ngi thc hin th nghim cn thng k s cu tr li ng. Tra

bng S cu tr li ng ti thiu cho php th tam gic (Bng 5Ph lc 2). S cu tr li ng thu nhn c ca ngi th phi
s liu tra trong bng tng ng vi s ngi th th mi c th
kt lun hai sn phm khc nhau c ngha cn khng th ngc li.
ti mc la chn.
Sau kt lun.

Php th 2-3
Mu chun R , 2 mu cn li c m ho phn bit 2 mu
mu no ging vi R
Bc 1 : chun b mu , th tch, khi lng, vt cha, nhit .
Bc 2: m ho mu
Php th 2-3 c 2 dng :
Php th 2-3 mt pha (mu kim chng khng i) : trong trng
hp ny, tt c ngi th cng nhn c mt mu kim chng.
C 2 kh nng trnh by mu (RAAB v RABA). Php th ny
thng c la chn khi ngi th c kinh nghim vi mt
trong hai sn phm. V d, nu sn phm X c cng thc ph bin
v sn phm Z c cng thc mi th php th 2-3 mt pha s l
phng php c la chn.
Php th 2-3 hai pha (mu kim chng cn bng) : trong php th
ny, mt na s ngi th nhn c mu kim chng l mu u
tin, na cn li nhn c mu kim chng l mu th hai.
Trng hp ny c 4 kh nng trnh by mu (RAAB, RABA,
RBAB v RBBA). Phng php ny c s dng khi cc mu th

u khng quen thuc hoc quen thuc nh nhau , hoc ko

lng mu th.
Phiu chun b :
Tn php th, ngy th , tn mu th, , s ngi tham gia , th t,
trnh by mu, m ho mu, tr li , nhn xt .
s liu th: s cu ng, cu sai
Bc 3, Phiu nh gi cm quan.
PHIU NH GI CM QUAN
Php th 2-3
Ngi th :. Ngy th :.
Bn nhn c 3 mu, trong mt mu chun c k hiu l R,
hai mu c gn m s gm 3 ch s. Hy th mu theo th t
cho sn, t tri qua phi v la chn mu no ging mu R. Ghi
kt qu vo bng di.
Hy thanh v bng bnh v nc sau mi mu. Bn khng c
php nm li mu.
Mu th

Mu ging mu R (nh du )

036
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X l kt qu: m Tng s cu tr li ng ca ngi th X ( tra

bng 4)
S cu tr li ng ti thiu a ( tra bng 3).

Nu X >= a 2 mu th khc nhau vi mc ngha = ..

X < a 2mu ko khc nhau.
Sau kt lun da vo bi.

Php th A- notA
Php th A-khng A c s dng khi php th tam gic v hai-ba
khng ph hp. V d nh trong nhng trng hp mu th qu
phc tp hay c mi v / hu v mnh hoc ko di. Php th ny
cng thng s dng khi mun kim sot thi gian gia cc mu
th hoc khi mu th c s khc nhau v hnh dng, kch thc
hay mu sc ngay c khi hnh dng, kch thc hay mu sc khng
lin quan n mc ch th nghim.
Mt nh sn xut thc phm mun thay i nh cung cp sa cho
sn phm ca cng ty mnh. Cng ty mong mun s thay i ny
khng to ra s khc bit gia hai sn phm t hai nh cung cp
sa c, mi mc ngha la chn l 5%. Php th A-not A c
s dng vi mu A t nh cung cp sa c v mu Khng A n t
nh cung cp sa mi. Hi ng 50 ngi th tham gia th nghim.
Bc u h c lm quen vi cc c tnh cm quan ca mu A.
Sau h ln lt nhn c hai mu nh gi m ha v yu
cu xc nh mu ny l mu A hay Khng A. Kt qu c tng
hp trong bng sau.

Sn phm nhn c:
cu trli

Khng A

Tng

34

20

54

Khng A 16

30

46

Tng

50

100

50

E1 (cp A/A): tng s cu tr li A ngang * tng s sn phm A

nhn c dc / tng s mu
E1 = 54*50/100 = 27,0
E2 (cp A/khng A): tng s cu tr li A * tng s sn phm
khng A nhn c / tng s mu
E2 = 54*50/100 = 27,0
E3 (cp khng A/A): tng s cu tr li khng A * tng s sn
phm A nhn c / tng s mu
E3 = 46*50/100 = 23,0
E4 (cp khng A/khng A): tng s cu tr li khng A * tng s
sn phm khng A nhn c / tng s mu
E4 = 46*50/100 = 23,0
Khi-bnh phng tnh ton:
X2 = (O1- E1)2 / E1 + (O2-E2)2 / E2 + + (O4-E4)2 / E4
( Oi ( ngang /dc) ln lt l: A/A, A/khngA, khngA/A,
khngA/ khngA)
Tra bng khi- bnh phng ( bng 11)

Bc t do= s sn phm -1 =2-1 =1 vi mc cho.

Nu khi 2 tnh > = khi2 tra : 2 snphm khcnhau vi mc ngha
Nh vy, cng ty c th a ra kt lun nh th no ?

Php th 2- AFC ( tra bng 1)

Nguyn tc thc hin: ngi th nhn c ng thi hai mu
m ha bng 3 ch s v c yu cu cho bit mu no c cng
mnh hn v mt c tnh c th no nh: v ngt, cng,
gin, Ty thuc vo mc ch th nghim m ngi th c
th c hun luyn trc v c tnh nh gi.
Trng hp l tng cc mu ch khc nhau duy nht v mt c
tnh cm quan. Nhng iu ny trn thc t rt kh t c bi l
trong thc phm khi mt thnh phn thay i s ko theo s thay
i ca cc tnh cht khc. Do , trong trng hp nu c nhiu
s khc nhau tn ti gia cc sn phm nh gi th nhm php th
khc bit tng th nn c s dng nh php th tam gic chng
hn.
Trong thc t, khi bit thuc tnh cm quan c th no m cc
mu khc nhau th vic s dng php th so snh cp i nh
hng (2-AFC) s c hiu qu v c tc ng mnh hn hn l khi
yu cu ch ra mu no khc.
Thit k th nghim: cc mu th c trnh by thnh cp v c 2
trt t trnh
by mu: AB v BA.
Sau so snh s cu tr li ng.

Php Th 3-AFC. (tra bng 2)

Nguyn tc: ngi th nhn c 3 mu m ha, trong 2

mu ging v 1 mu khc. Tuy nhin ngi th khng c bit
trc v iu ny. H c yu cu nh gi cc mu theo trnh t
cung cp v tm ra mu c cng mnh nht v mt c tnh c
th no . Ty thuc mc ch th nghim m ngi th c th
c hun luyn trc hiu r v thuc tnh nh gi ny.
Ging nh php th 2-AFC, cc mu th ch khc nhau duy nht
mt c tnh c th mc d rt kh t c iu ny. Nu c
qu nhiu s khc bit gia cc mu th th php th phn bit da
trn tng th sn phm s hu dng hn.
Thit k th nghim: Trong trng hp no php th cng ch c 3
kh nng sp
xp mu: AAB, ABA, BAA hoc BBA, BAB, ABB.