NGHIN CU CNG NGH TUYN QUNG THIC GC

KHU SUI GIANG, TNH NINH THUN

KS. Trn Ngc Anh v nnk
Vin KH&CN M - Luyn kim

Tm tt: Bo co trnh by kt qu th nghim tuyn qung thic gc khu Sui Giang tnh
Ninh Thun. Hm lng qung nguyn khai 0,182% Sn. Kt qu thu c sau khi nghin cu c hm
lng qung tinh 55% Sn vi thc thu khong 73%.
1. M u
Thic v hp kim l nguyn liu quan trng ca nhiu ngnh cng ngh nh in t, xy
dng, vn ti, t; ngoi ra cn s dng trong sn xut bao b thc phm, sn, vt liu tng
hp. Trong v tri t c khong 18 khong vt cha thic, bao gm cc khong oxyt, silicat,
sunfua, sunfonat, borat, tantan-niobi v cc hp kim t nhin. Trong s thic tn ti
khong vt casiterit l ch yu. Khong vt casiterit tn ti dng tp hp ht, tinh th, ht xm
nhim, tinh m, nn keo dng tuyn hoa, kt hch vi cu trc vng ng tm. Khng mu,
xm, vng mt ong, hung nu, gch, en. nh kim cng. cng 6-7. Khi lng ring
6,5-7,1 g/cm3. Cng thc ha hc ca casiterit l SnO2, thnh phn ha hc Sn = 78,8%.
Cc sn phm ca thic ang c tiu th trn th trng th gii rt a dng
theo cht lng v mc ch s dng khc nhau. Nhng nc c sn lng khai thc
thic v sn xut thic kim loi hng u th gii l Trung Quc, Peru, Indonesia,
Bolivia, Malaysia, Thi Lan, Hoa K.
Vit Nam tr lng thic cp 332, 333 khong 97.600 tn, cp 334a
khong 268.000 tn SnO2 v tp trung cc vng Pia OcCao Bng, Tam o, Tuyn
Quang, Qu HpNgh An, Trng XunThanh Ha, Hng SnH Tnh, Qung
Nam, Nng, Lm ng...
Cng ngh tuyn qung thic sa khong c hm lng cao trong nc c
nghin cu kh ph bin bng phng php tuyn trng lc v tuyn t thu c
qung tinh c hm lng cao. Nhng cng ngh tuyn qung thic gc c hm lng
ngho cha tin hnh nghin cu su. V vy vic nghin cu qung thic gc c hm
lng ngho l cn thit.
2. Thnh phn vt cht qung thic gc khu Sui Giang tnh Ninh Thun
M thic gc khu Sui Giang xp vo nhm m III, thm d n cp tr lng
122. Mng li thm d c p dng i vi cp 122 v d kin t 362 tn Sn kim
loi.
Cng tc nghin cu cng ngh tuyn qung thic gc khu Sui Giang tnh Ninh
Thun c tin hnh ti Phng Cng ngh Tuyn khong, Vin Khoa hc v Cng
ngh M-Luyn kim. Cc nghin cu thnh phn vt cht c tin hnh bng cc
thit b v phng php sau:
+ Phn tch ha: Mu qung u, phn tch thnh phn ht v cc sn phm
ca qu trnh th nghim c xc nh hm lng kim loi c ch v tp cht bng
phng php phn tch ha t. Phng php phn tch s dng l AAS (quang ph

hp ph nguyn t) v ICP (quang ph cm ng plasma) ti Trung tm Phn tch Th

nghim a cht Tng Cc a cht v Khong sn Vit Nam, Trung tm Phn tch
ha l thuc Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh M-Luyn kim.
+ Phn tch khong tng thch hc: Mu phn tch thnh phn khong vt c
ly t mu nghin cu cng ngh tuyn khong. Cng tc phn tch c thc hin ti
Vin Khoa hc a cht v Khong sn-B Ti nguyn v Mi trng. Cc mu thch
hc c phn tch di knh hin vi phn cc AXIOLAB v gim nh di knh
hin vi soi ni MBC - 9... xc nh thnh phn vt cht ca mu nghin cu, quan
st v m t khong vt bng mt thng.
+ Phn tch rnghen: Thc hin ti Trung tm Phn tch Th nghim a cht
Tng Cc a cht v Khong sn Vit Nam trn h thit b nhiu x tia X, my D8advance.
Thnh phn khong vt: Kt qu phn tch khong tng thch hc ch ra rng
cc khong vt phi qung nh thch anh, mica v cc khong khng xc nh chim
95%. Casiterit gp trong mu di dng ht ng thc, t hnh, c ht dng tha hnh,
kch thc ht t 0,1 n 1mm. Phn b ri rc trong nn mu, c ht nm trong m
hematit, c ht c dng mc ghp song tinh. C ht c dng tm ko di.
Trn b mt ht c kch thc ln thng b nt n yu. Ngoi ra cn c cc
khong c t nh hematit, limonit, pyrit, pyrotin. Kt qu phn tch thnh phn ha
hc, phn tch rnghen th hin trn Bng 1 v Bng 2.
Mu qung thic khu Sui Giang tnh Ninh Thun c hm lng thp. Hm
lng Sn trung bnh trong mu nguyn khai l 0,182%, cc tp cht i km SiO 2 =
68,98%, Fe2O3 = 5,72%, S = 0,2%, As = 0,002%.
M thic khu Sui Giang thnh h thch anh casiterit. Thnh phn khong vt
ch yu l casiterit, hematit, limonit, pyrit, pyrotin, khong vt phi qung bao gm
thch anh v mica Khong casiterit xm nhim 0,11mm nn thun li cho khu x
l qung.
Bng 1. Thnh phn ha hc mu nghin cu
Thnh phn ha hc v hm lng (%)
Sn

Cu

SiO2

0,182 0,0035 68,98 0,20

TFe

P2O5

As

Mo

Bi

TiO2

4,01

0,01 0,002 0,002 0,003 0,001 0,08

Bng 2. Kt qu phn tch rnghen qung thic gc khu Sui Ging

TT

Thnh phn khong vt

Khong hm lng,%

Illit KAl2[AlSi3O10](OH)2

3941

Clorit Mg2Al3[AlSi3O10](OH)8

Thch anh SiO2

4143

Albit NaAlSi3O8

57

Pyrit FeS2

24

Casiterit SnO2

35

* Kt qu nghin cu thnh phn v t cht mu nghin cu cho thy:

Qung thic gc khu Sui Giang tnh Ninh Thun hm lng thic ngho xm nhim
mn, cc tp cht ch yu l thch anh, mica, hematit, pyrit, limonit, gtit... Do , tuyn
tch SnO2 ra khi cc tp cht phi qung nh thch anh, mica i km trong mu qung c
th dng phng php tuyn trng lc. Qung tinh tuyn trng lc c hm lng cha cao
v cn ln nhiu khong vt c t bao gm manhetit, hematit, limonit, gtit... nn s dng
phng php tuyn t tch cc khong c t ra khi qung tinh thic.
3. Kt qu nghin cu
3.1. Nghin cu tuyn trng lc
T nhng kt qu nghin cu thnh phn vt cht mu, cc kt qu nghin cu
thm d v cc kt qu nghin cu tuyn cc i tng tng t trong v ngoi
nc, i vi qung thic gc khu Sui Giang s dng phng php tuyn trng lc
trong thit b c s dng y l vt xon v bn i thu c qung tinh
thic th thi b cc tp cht phi qung nh thch anh, mica. Mu nghin cu c gia
cng xung ht ph hp -0,5mm sau c tuyn trn thit b vt xon ly ra 3
sn phm qung tinh thic th, qung trung gian v qung thi, qung tinh thic th
vi hm lng cha cao c tip tc tuyn tinh trn thit b bn i. Kt qu th
nghim tuyn trng lc c th hin Bng 3.
Bng 3. Kt qu th nghi m tuyn kt hp vt ngbn i
BP

TB

Qung tinh vt

5,822

5,822

Hm
lng Sn,
%
2,642

Tuyn Trung gian vt

vt Qung ui vt

23,432

23,432

70,746

Qung cp

Th
nghim

Tn sn phm

Thu hoch, %

Thc thu Sn, %

BP

TB

84,515

84,515

0,081

10,432

10,432

70,746

0,013

5,053

5,053

100,000

100,000

0,182

100,000 100,000

Qung tinh

12,521

0,729

17,068

80,890

68,364

Tuyn Trung gian

bn i Qung ui

15,647

0,911

2,336

13,835

11,693

71,832

4,182

0,194

5,275

4,458

Qung cp

100,000

5,822

2,642

100,000 84,515

3.2. Nghin cu nng cao hm lng qung tinh tuyn trng lc

Nh kt qu phn tch khong vt qung tinh tuyn trng lc th nghim trn
thy rng trong mu qung ch cn ch yu l cc khong vt st t nh magnetit,
hematit, gtit, lepidocroxyt. Phng php tuyn tch cc khong vt st ra khi cc
khong vt khng nhim t hoc nhim t yu c s dng l phng php tuyn t.
Thit b s dng th nghim l my tuyn t a hng c cng t trng cao
nht t 12.000 xtet. Qung tinh tuyn trng lc c tuyn t qua cc cng t
trng 2500; 11000 xtet. Kt qu th nghim nng cao hm lng qung tinh tuyn
trng lc th hin Bng 4.
Bng 4. Kt qu th nghi m tuyn t nng cao hm lng Sn
Tn sn phm

Thu hoch, %

Hm lng, %

Thc thu Sn, %

Thc

Sn phm c t
2500 xtet
Sn phm c t
11000 xtet
Sn phm khng
t 11000 xtet
Qung cp

BP

TB

Sn

Fe

BP

TB

thu Fe,
%

54,321

0,396

1,458

56,215

4,643

3,174

84,625

20,416

0,149 10,016

21,723

11,988

8,196

12,291

25,263

0,184 56,292

4,405

83,369

56,994

3,084

100,000 0,729 17,058

36,084 100,000 68,364 100,000

3.3. Nghin cu x l qung trung gian

Qung trung gian bao gm: qung trung gian tuyn vt ng, qung trung gian
tuyn bn i, qung thi tuyn bn i, sn phm c t 11000 xtet. Bng tng hp
sn phm trung gian c th hin trn Bng 5.
Bng 5. Bng tng hp cc sn phm trung gian
Tn sn phm
Qung trung gian tuyn vt
Qung trung gian bn i
Qung thi bn i
Sn phm c t 11000 xtet
Tng

Thu hoch,
%

Hm lng
Sn, %

Thc thu Sn,

%

23,432
0,911
4,182
0,149
28,674

0,081
2,336
0,194
10,018
0,221

10,432
11,693
4,458
8,195
34,778

T bng tng hp cc sn phm trung gian cho thy, tng thc thu Sn trong sn
phm trung gian l 34,778%, thc thu mt vo sn phm trung gian cn cao. Do
cn phi c nghin cu x l qung trung gian ny nng cao thc thu Sn cho
ton khu cng ngh. Nu x l tng hp cc qung trung gian d b mt mt thic vo
sn phm thi, gim thc thu. Do , cc sn phm cn c x l ring.
Qung trung gian ca mu nghin cu c nghin cu x l bng cc
phng php tuyn khc nhau nh tuyn trng lc trn cc thit b truyn thng, cc
thit b siu trng lc Knelson v phng php tuyn ni.
X l qung trung gian trn cc thit b truyn thng vt xon, bn i. Qung
trung gian c thnh phn khong vt v ha hc tng t vi qung u, thu hi
c thic trong sn phm trung gian cn phi gia cng gii phng kt hch. Qua kt
qu nghin cu xc nh ht gii phng xung -0,25mm, ri sau tin hnh
tuyn trn thit b vt ng kt hp bn i. Thu c qung tinh thic c hm lng
khong 1516% Sn ng vi thc thu ton b khong 1820%. Kt qu nghin cu trn
thit b truyn thng th qung tinh ca khu x l trung gian c th kt hp cng vi
qung tinh th ca khu x l qung u ri tin hnh th nghim tuyn t nng cao
hm lng Sn.
Ngoi ra, x l qung trung gian bng phng php tuyn ni v trn thit b
siu trng lc Knelson. Vi phng php tuyn ni sau 3 ln tuyn tinh thu c
qung tinh thic c hm lng khong 8% v thc thu ton b khong 7%. Kt qu
th nghim trn thit b siu trng lc hm lng Sn ch t 1,562% ng vi thc
thu 20,967%. Cc kt qu th nghim trn thit b Knelson cho thy i vi qung

thic gc khu Sui Giang khi tin hnh tuyn trn thit b Knelson cho kt qu
khng kh quan, hm lng v thc thu thic cn cha cao, sau khi tuyn Knelson
ch nhn c qung tinh thic th, vn phi qua cc khu x l khc mi nhn
c qung tinh thic t cht lng.
T cc kt qu nghin cu x l qung trung gian bng cc phng php khc
nhau, theo tiu ch kinh t v k thut, ti la chn phng php tuyn trng lc
trn thit b vt xon kt hp bn i.
3.4. Kt qu nghin cu s
Vi cc iu kin v ch tuyn ti u xc lp, a ra c s cng
ngh tuyn hp l qung thic gc khu Sui Giang. S th hin trn Hnh 1. Kt
qu cc ch tiu d kin th hin trn Bng 6.
Qung u
p
0,5mm
Tuyn vt ng 1
Tuyn bn i 1
Tuyn t 900 e

PC 0,25mm

PC 0,25mm

Nghin

Nghin
Tuyn t 2500 e
Tuyn t 11000 e
Tuyn vt ng 2

Tuyn bn i 2

T
u
Qung thi
Qung tinh thic
Qung tinh st
y
Hnh 1. S cng ngh
tuyn qung thic gc khu Sui Giang
n
v


n
g
Bng 6. Ch tiu d kin tuyn qung thic gc khu Sui Giang
1

Tn sn phm

Qung tinh thic

Sn phm st t
Qung thi

Thu hoch, %

Hm lng, %

Thc thu, %

0,245
0,630
99,125

55
58
0,03

~74
~10
~16

4. Kt lun v kin ngh

quy m phng th nghim nghin cu thnh cng quy trnh cng ngh
tuyn qung thic gc khu Sui Giang tnh Ninh Thun. Qung tinh thic nhn c
c hm lng Sn l 55,025% vi thc thu l 73,962%
ti hon thnh m ra trin vng x l c ngun qu n g thic gc ngho khu
Sui Giang tnh Ninh Thun tng tr lng Sn y. Ngoi ra, c hng x l qung thic
gc c thnh phn vt cht, thnh phn ha tng t nh mu nghin cu, tng sn lng
i vi khong sng Sn ni chung.
- Cn tip tc nghin cu trin khai quy m ln hn, c c s cng nh
thng s chi tit cho ch u t quyt nh u t tip hoc lp d n thit k chi tit
tip sau./.
Ti liu tham kho
/1/. nThm d thic khu Sui Giang, x Cng Hi, huyn Thun Bc, tnh Ninh Thun
nm 2011 - Lin on a cht Trung Trung B.
/2/. Nguyn Bo Linh. Nghin cu tnh kh tuyn mu qung thuc n thm d thic khu
Sui Giang, x Cng Hi, huyn Thun Bc, tnh Ninh Thun. H Ni 2011.
/3/. Quy hoch phn vng thm d, khai thc, ch bin v s dng qung thic, vonfram v
antimon giai on 2007 2015, c xt n nm 2025 Quyt nh s 05/2008/Q-BCT ngy 04 thng
3 nm 2008 ca B Cng Thng.
/4/. Chu Vn Hon Nghin cu cng ngh tuyn qung thic gc Ni Pho. Vin M-Luyn
kim. H Ni 1991.
/5/. Handbook of flotation reagents, volume 2, Srdian M. Bulatovic, 2007

STUDY ON THE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY FOR THE

LODE TIN ORES SUOI GIANG, NINH THUAN PROVINCE
Eng. Tran Ngoc Anh et al.
National Institute of Mining - Metallurgy Science and Technology

Abstract: This report presents test results for the Sui Giang lode tin ores processing. The
ROM ores has the Sn content of 0,182%.
content of 55% Sn and the recovery of 73%.

The result of the research was a tin concentrate with