D.

ori

R. Lazovi

. Jovanov

MATEMATIKA 2
Zbirka zadataka i primeri kolokvijuma
REXE A ODABRANIH ZADATAKA { INTEGRALI
Dragan ori

Drugi deo (144 zadatka), 4.5.2011.

Sadraj
ZADACI

Neodreeni integral

Integracija racionalnih funkcija

Integracija nekih trigonometrijskih funkcija

Integracija iracionalnih funkcija

10

Odreeni integral

12

Primena odreenog integrala

15

Nesvojstveni integrali

18

Dvojni integrali

18

Primena dvojnog integrala

21

10 Trojni integrali

22

REXEA

23

ZADACI
1

Neodreeni integral
F : (a, b) R

je primitivna funkcija za f ako je

x (a, b) F 0 (x) = f (x)

f (x)dx = {F | F je prim. funkcija za f } = {F + C, C R} = F (x) + C

F

sin x

ex

ex

cos x

ex

ex

arctan x
1
1 + x2

ln x
1
x

sin x
,
x

x 7

1
xn+1
n+1
xn

Svaka neprekidna funkcija ima primitivnu

Primitivna funkcija elementarne funkcije ne mora biti elementarna funkcija. Na
primer, za funkcije
x 7

ex
,
x

x 7 ex ,

x 7 sin x2

primitivne funkcije nisu elementarne

1.1.

[Zad.10, str.73]

Za funkciju f : x 7 1 +1 x2 odrediti primitivnu F za koju je F (1) = .

[Zad.4, str.73]
Odrediti bar jednu primitivnu funkciju za funkciju

1.2.

f : x 7 e|x|

[Nije iz Zbirke]

Dokazati da su F : x 7 ln(x + x2 + x2 ) (a 6= 0) i G : x 7 ln(x + x2 a2 ) (x a > 0)

primitivne funkcije za funkcije f : x 7 21 2 i g : x 7 21 2
1.3.

x +a

Svojstva integrala
Z
Z

k f (x)dx = k

(f (x) + g(x))dx =

Z X
n
i=1

ci fi (x)dx =

f (x)dx
Z

n
X

(homogenost)

f (x)dx +

ci

fi (x)dx

g(x)dx

(aditivnost)

(linearnost)

i=1

Nalaee integrala { Tablica + svojstva

x a

1.4.

[Zad.14, str.74]

(x 1)(x2 + 2)
f (x) =
,I=
5x2

1.5.

x2
,I=
1 + x2

f (x)dx =?

[Zad.16, str.74]

f (x) = tan2 x, I =

1.7.

f (x)dx =?

[Zad.18, str.74]

1
f (x) =
,I=
2
sin x cos2 x

1.8.

f (x)dx =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]

1
,I=
f (x) = 2
a x2

1.9.

f (x)dx =?

[Zad.15, str.74]

f (x) =

1.6.

f (x)dx =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]

1
f (x) =
,I=
(1 x2 )(1 + x2 )

f (x)dx =?

Zamena promen ive

Ako je

tada je

f (x)dx = F (x) + C,

f (u(x))du(x) = F (u(x)) + C

Na primer,
Z
Z
dx
iz x = ln |x| + C imamo
iz

du(x)
= ln |u(x)| + C
u(x)
Z
Z
du(x)
dx
=
arctan
x
+
C
imamo
= arctan u(x) + C
1 + x2
1 + u2 (x)

1.10.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

f (x) =

1.11.

1
(a 6= 0), I =
2
a + x2

[Nije iz Zbirke]

1
f (x) =
(a > 0), I =
2
a x2

[Zad.29, str.74]
R
f (x) = tan x, I = f (x)dx =?

1.12.

f (x)dx =?

f (x)dx =?

1.13.

[Zad.35, str.74 ]

f (x) =

1.14.
I=

1.15.
I=

1.16.

sin 2x
,I=
1 + sin2 x

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

xex dx =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

1
1
sin =?
2
x
x

[Zad.38, str.74]

f (x) = sin3 x cos xdx, I =

1.17.
I=

1.18.
I=

1.19.
I=

1.20.
I=

1.21.
I=

f (x)dx =?

f (x)dx =?

[Zad.39, str.74]
Z

arctan2 x
dx =?
1 + x2

[Zad.43, str.75]
Z

xdx
=?
1 + x4

[Zad.46, str.75]
Z

x3 dx

=?
1 x8

[Zad.47, str.75]
Z

dx
p

x(1 x)

=?

[Zad.45, str.75]
Z

a2

cos2

dx
=?
x + b2 sin2 x

Metoda smene
x = (t), - diferencijabilna
Z

f (x)dx =

f ((t)) (t)dt =

F (x) = G(1 (x))

1.22.
I=

g(t)dt = G(t) + C = G(1 (x)) + C

ako postoji 1

[Zad.61, str.75]
Z

dx

x(1 + 3 x)

1.23.
I=

1.24.
I=

1.25.

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

dx

(1 + x) x

[Zad.64, str.76]
Z

x2

dx

1 + x2

[zad.76, str.76]

Z p
I=
a2 x2 dx, a > 0

Smena (x) = t
Ako je f (x) = g((x)), tada smenom (x) = t imamo
Z

f (x)dx =

Dakle,

1.26.
I=

1.27.
I=

1.28.
I=

1.29.
I=

1.30.
I=

g((x))dx =

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

ee

dx

[Zad.71, str.76]
Z

cos(ln x)
dx
x

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

dx
1 + ex

[Zad.74, str.76]
Z

1
1+x
ln
dx
1 x2 1 x

[Zad.75, str.76]
Z

arctan x

dx
x(1 + x)

Metoda parcijalne integracija

d(uv) = udv + vdu
Z
Z
Z
d(uv) = udv + vdu

g(t)d( 1 (t)) =

f (x)dx = H((x)) + C

h(t)dt = H(t) + C

udv = uv

Korsiti se za
Z

vdu
Z

xn {ln x, eax , sin ax, cos ax, arcsin ax, arctan ax} dx

eax {sin bx, cos bx} dx

1.31.
I=

1.32.

[Zad.90, str.77]
Z

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I2 =

1.33.
I=

1.34.
I=

1.35.
I=

1.36.
I=

1.37.

x2 dx
=?
(1 + x2 )2

(x2

dx
=?
+ a2 )2

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z p
a2 + x2 dx =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

1+x
x
ln
dx =?
2
1
x
1x

[Zad.113, str.78]
Z

arcsin2 xdx =?

[zad.110, str.78]
Z

x2 arccos xdx =?

[Kolokvijum, 2002 (Zbirka, Pr.9)]

In =

arcsinn xdx,

Veza In i In2 ?

Integracija racionalnih funkcija

f (x) =

Ako je

P (x)
,
Q(x)

st(P ) < st(Q)

Q(x) = an (x a1 )k1 (x a2 )k2 (x akl )kl

tada svakom faktoru (x a)k odgovara zbir parcijalnih razlomaka

Ak
A2
A1
+ +
+
x a (x a)2
(x a)k

2.1.
Z

2.2.

[Nije iz Zbirke]
xdx
(x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)

[zad.132, str.79]

I=

2.3.

x4 3x2 3x 2
x3 x2 2x

x2 + 5x 2
dx =?
(x2 1)(x + 1)

[zad.133, str.79]

I=

2.5.

f (x)dx, f (x) =

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

2.4.

5x 8
dx =?
x3 4x2 + 4x

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

dx
=?
x3 (x + 1)3

Kompleksne nule
Q(x) = Q1 (x)(x2 + bx + c),

b2 4ac < 0

gde je Q1 (x) kao u prethodnom sluqaju

Trinomu x2 + bx + c odgovara sabirak
Z

Ax + B
dx
x2 + bx + c

se svodi na
Z

Ax + B
x2 + bx + c

d(x2 + bx + c)
dx = ln(x2 + bx + c) + C
x2 + bx + c
Z

1
xb
dx
= arctan
+C
(x b)2 + a2
a
a

2.6.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

3x 2
dx =?
x2 + 4x + 13

2.7.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

2.8.

xdx
=?
x3 1

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

x5 1
dx =?
x3 + x2 + x

[Zad.141, str.79]

I=

2.9.

dx
=?
x(1 + x2 )2

Integracija nekih trigonometrijskih funkcija

Ako je f (x) = R(sin x, cos x), gde je R(u, v) racionalna funkcija argumenata u i v, tada se
smenom tan x2 = t integracija funkcije f svodi na integraciju racionalnih funkcija.
x = 2 arctan t,

dx =

2dt
,
1 + t2

x
x
2 sin cos
2
2 = 2t ,
sin x =
x
x
1 + t2
cos2 + sin2
2
2
x
x
cos2 sin2
2
2
2 = 1t
cos x =
x
x
1 + t2
cos2 + sin2
2
2


Z
Z
2t
1 t2
2dt
R(sin x, cos x)dx = R
,
2
2
1+t 1+t
1 + t2

3.1.

[Zad.150, str.80]

I=

dx
1 + sin x + cos x

3.2.

[Zad.154, str.80]

1 sin x + cos x
dx
1 + sin x cos x

Trig. f. - Specijalni sluqajevi

R(u, v) = R(u, v),

sin x = t
Z

cos xdx
=
2
sin x 3 sin x + 2

t2

dt
3t + 2

R(u, v) = R(u, v),

cos x = t
Z
Z
sin x(1 cos x)
t1
dx =
dt
cos x(1 + cos2 x)
t(1 + t2 )

R(u, v) = R(u, v),

tan x = t
Z

3.3.

t4
1
+ C = tan3 x + C
4
4

dx
x + 5 sin2 x

3 cos2

1 tan x
dx
1 + tan x

[Zad.161, str.80]

I=

t3 dt =

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

3.5.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

3.4.

sin3 x
dx =
cos5 x

dx
1 + sin2 x

Integracija iracionalnih funkcija

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

ax + b),
ax + b = t
!
r
r
+b
n ax + b
Funkcije oblika R x, cx + d , n ax
=t
cx + d
p
Funkcije oblika R(x, a2 x2 ), x = a sin t
p
Funkcije oblika R(x, x2 a2 ), x = a cosh t ili x = sina t
p
Funkcije oblika R(x, x2 + a2 ), x = a sinh t ili x = a tan t
p
Funkcije oblika R(x, ax2 + bx + c) - svodi se na 3.,4. ili

Funkcije oblika R(x,

6.
smene:

ax2 + bx + c = t x a za a > 0

ax2 + bx + c = xt c za c > 0

ax2 + bx + c = (x )t za ax2 + bx + c = a(x )(x )

Koriste se tabliqni integrali:

Z
p
1. 2dx 2 = ln(x + x2 + a2 ) + C
2.
3.

x +a
p
dx

= ln(x + x2 a2 ) + C
2
2
x a
Z
x
dx

= arcsin + C
2
2
a
a x
Z

5., a mogu i Ojlerove

a takoe i integrali:
4.
5.
6.
4.1.

p
xp 2
a2
x + a2 +
ln(x + x2 + a2 ) + C
2
2
Z p
p
xp 2
a2
x2 a2 dx =
x a2
ln |x + x2 a2 | + C
2
2
Z p
2
a
x xp 2
a2 x2 dx =
a x2 + C
arcsin +
2
a
2
Z p

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

4.2.

dx

(x + 1) 1 x

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

4.3.

x2 + a2 dx =

1
(1 + x)2

r
3

1x
dx
1+x

[Zad.167, str.80]

Z
x+1 x1

I=
dx
x+1+ x1

4.4.
Z

4.5.

[Zad.169, str.80]
dx

(1 x) 1 x2

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

4.6.

Z p

(x2 1)3 dx

x2

dx

x2 + 1

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

4.9.

dx
1 x2 1

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

4.8.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

4.7.

x2 + 1
dx
x4

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

Z p

x2 + 6x dx

4.10.
I=

4.11.
I=

4.12.
I=

4.13.

[Zad.172, str.80]
Z

I=

4.15.
I=

5x + 4
dx
x2 + 2x + 5

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

xdx
x2 + x + 1

[Zad.171, str.80]
Z

x2 dx
x2 + x + 1

[Zad.174, str.81]

Z p

4.14.

4x2 4x + 3 dx

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

x2

p
4 x2 dx

[Zad.170, str.80]
Z

dx

(1 + x) 1 + x x2

Odreeni integral

Uslovi integrabilnosti
Neophodan uslov integrabilnosti
f R[a, b]

ograniqena na [a, b]

Dovo ni uslovi integrabilnosti

1. f C[a, b] f R[a, b]
2. f ograniqena i ima konaqan broj prekida na

[a, b]

f R[a, b]

Na primer, za f (x) = x1 i g(x) = sinx x imamo

f R[1, 2],

f 6 R[1, 1],

g R[/2, /2],

g 6 [/2, 3/2]

utn Lajbnicova formula

Ako je f C[a, b] i ako je F primitivna za f na [a, b], tada je
Z
a

f (x)dx = F (b) F (a) = F (x)

Na primer, (Zbirka - zad.32, str.84 i zad.40, str.85)

e2

e2

e2
d(ln x)

= ln(ln x) = ln(ln e2 ) ln(ln e) = ln 2

ln x
e
e
e
Z e
Z e
e
d(ln x)
dx

=
= arctan(ln x)
2.
2
2
1
x(1
+
ln
x)
1
+
ln
x
1
1

= arctan(ln e) arctan(ln 1) =
4
Ako je F primitivna za f na (a, b), tada je

1.

dx
=
x ln x

Z
a

5.1.

Z
0

4 x2 dx

[Zad.45, str.85]

I=

/4

Z
0

5.3.

a+

[Zad.41, str.85]

I=

5.2.

f (x)dx = F (b ) F (a+ ) = F (x)

dx
1 + 2 sin2 x

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

| ln x|dx

1/e

5.4.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

dx
3 + 2 cos x

Metoda smene
C (1) [, ],

f C[a, b],

() = a, () = b
Z

f (x)dx =

Ako je f neparna, tada je

Na primer,

1/2

Z
0

x2

f (x)dx = 0

1+x
dx = 0
1x
Z
Z a
je f (x)dx = 2

1/2

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

cos x ln

Ako je f parna, tada

5.5.

f ((t))0 (t)dt

a2 x2 dx, a > 0

f (x)dx

5.6.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

x3 + 1

dx
x2 4 x2

5.7.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

x3

5.8.

Z
4

p
x x2 4x dx

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

/2

Z
0

5.10.
Z

16 x8 dx

[Nije iz Zbirke]

I=

5.9.

[Kolokvijum, 2002.]

/2

sin3 x
dx
sin3 x + cos3 x

5.11.
I=

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

5.12.
I=

dx
1 + sin x + cos x

x sin x
dx
1 + cos2 x

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

/3

/4

dx
sin x cos3 x

Metoda parcijalne integracije

u, v C (1) [a, b]

Z
a

5.13.
I=

[Nije iz Zbirke]
Z

1/2

x ln

5.14.
I=

1+x
dx
1x

[Zad.74, str.86]
Z

x2 ln2 xdx

5.15.
I=

[Zad.80, str.87]
Z
0

arcsin

x
dx
x+1

b Z

udv = uv
a

vdu

5.16.
1

Z
0

5.17.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

x ln(x + 1 + x2 )
dx
(1 + x2 )2

[Zad.83, str.87]

In =

(a2 x2 )n dx, a > 0

Primena odreenog integrala

Povrxina ravne figure

Za figuru ograniqenu sa y = f (x),

y = 0, x = a, x = b
P =

Na primer, (zad.85, str.87)

Z

y = sin x, 0 x

P =

je

|f (x)|dx

sin xdx = cos x = (1 1) = 2

0

Za figuru ograniqenu sa y = f (x),

y = g(x), x = a, x = b

P =

je

|f (x) g(x)|dx

Na primer, (zad.91, str.87)

y = sin x, y = cos x, 0 x /4

Z /4
/4

2
2

(cosx sin x)dx = sin x + cos x

P =
=
+
01= 21
2
2
0
0

6.1.

[Zad.99, str.88]

y = ln(1 + x), y = xex , x = 1

6.2.

[Kolokvijum, 2008]

y=

6.3.

6.4.

1
, y = 1, x = 0,
x2 + 2x + 2

P =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]
y+

x = a (a > 0), x = 0, y = 0

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y = x 1, y 2 = x + 1

Duina luka krive linije

y = f (x), x [a, b]

l=

Z
a

1 + f 02 (x) dx

x = g(y), y [c, d]

l=

1 + g 02 (y) dy

x = (t), y = (t), t [t1 , t2 ]

l=

t2

t1

= (), [, ]

l=

2 + 02 d

[Zad.112, str.89]

f (x) =

6.6.

x2
ln x

, x [1, 3]
2
4

[Zad.115, str.89]

y = ln(x2 1),

6.7.

2
x
3
3

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y = ln

6.9.

2x5

[Zad.117, str.89]

y = ln(sin x),

6.8.

02 (t) + 02 (t) dt

6.5.

ex 1
,
ex + 1

x [1, 2]

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y=

6.10.
y=

6.11.

x2
1
2

ispod x-ose

[Kolokvijum, 2003, a i 2006]

p
p

x2 48 + 4 6 ln(x + x2 48),

[Zad.123, str.89]

x(t) = a cos3 t, y(t) = a sin3 t

6.12.

7x8

(Astroida)

[Zad.124, str.89]

x = a(t sin t), y = a(1 cos t), t [0, 2]

6.13.

(Cikloida)

[Kolokvijum, 2002]

p
p
x(t) = 2 2 1 t2 , y(t) = t 1 t2 ,

t [0, 1]

Zapremina rotacionog tela

y = f (x), x [a, b]

Vx =

Z
a

f 2 (x)dx, Vy = 2

Z
a

|xf (x)|dx

x = g(y), y [c, d]

Vy =

g (y)dy, Vx = 2

|yg(y)|dy

x = (t), y = (t), t [, ]

Vx =

2 (t)0 (t)dt

= (), [, ]

6.14.

3 () sin d

Vx =?, Vy =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y = sin x, x = 0, y = 1

6.16.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y2
x2
+ 2 = 1,
2
a
b

6.15.

2
V =
3

Vy =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y = ex , x = 0, x = 2, y = 0,

6.17.

[Zad.146, str.90]

y 2 = 2x, y = 2, x = 0,

6.18.

1
, x = 3,
x

Vy =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y = 2x x2 , y = 0,

6.21.

Vx =?

[Zad.155, str.91]

y = 2x x2 , y = 0,

6.20.

Vx =?

[Zad.147, str.90]

y = x, y =

6.19.

Vy ?

Vx =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]

x2 + y 2 = r2 , (x r)2 + y 2 = r2 ,

6.22.

V =?

(zajedniqi deo)

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y = x2 , 8x = y 2 ,

Vy =?

Povrxina omotaqa rot. tela

y = f (x), x [a, b]

Px = 2

x = g(y), y [c, d]

Py = 2

Z
c

1 + y 02 dx

p
x 1 + x02 dy

x = (t), y = (t), t [, ]

Px = 2

= (), [, ]

P = 2

p
(t) 02 (t) + 02 (t) dt

p
() 2 () + 02 () sin d

[Zbirka, zad.160, str.91]

y = x3 , 0 x 1, oko x-ose

6.23.
6.24.

[Kolokvijum, 2009]

y = x2

6.25.

ln x
, e x e,
8

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y = x2 , x = y 2 ,

6.26.

Vx =?, Px =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]

y = sin x,

oko x -ose

x [0, ]

Nesvojstveni integrali

???????????
8

Dvojni integrali

Dekartove koordinate
D = [a, b] [c, d]
ZZ

f (x, y)dxdy =

dx

f (x, y)dy =

Z
c

dy

D = {(x, y) | x [a, b], y1 (x) y y2 (x)}

ZZ

f (x, y)dxdy =

dx

y2 (x)

f (x, y)dy

y1 (x)

D = {(x, y) | y [c, d], x1 (y) x x2 (y)}

ZZ

f (x, y)dxdy =

8.1.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

ZZ

x2
dxdy,
1 + y2

D = [0, 1] [0, 1]

Z
c

dy

x2 (y)

x1 (y)

f (x, y)dx

f (x, y)dx

8.2.

[Zzad.18, str.99]

ZZ

(x3 + y 3 ) dxdy,

8.3.

y = x/2, y = x

[Nije iz Zbirke]

ZZ

dxdy
,
(x + y + 1)2

8.4.

je oblat ograniqena pravama

D = [0, 1] [0, 1]

[Nije iz Zbirke]

ZZ

(x + y)dxdy,

D : y 2 = 2x, x2 = 2y

8.5.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

ZZ

(x2 + y 2 )dxdy,

D : y = x, y = x + 1, y = 1, y = 3

8.6.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

ZZ

xydxdy,

D : x2 + y 2 = 1, x2 + y 2 = 2x, y = 0

8.7.

[Zzad.25, str.99]

ZZ

x2 y 2

8.8.

1 x3 y 3 dxdy,

D = {(x, y) : x 0, y 0, x3 + y 3 1}

[Kolokvijum, 2002]
ZZ

I=

x sin |y x2 |dxdy,

D = {(x, y) : 0 x

p
/2, 0 y }

Smene promen ivih

F : G D,

F : (u, v) 7 (x, y)



D(x, y) x0u x0v 
x = x(u, v), y = y(u, v), dxdy = |J|dudv, J =
=
D(u, v)  yu0 yv0 
ZZ
ZZ
f (x, y)dxdy =
f (x(u, v), y(u, v))|J|dudv
D

Vai
D(x, y)
1
=
D(u, v)
D(u, v)
D(x, y)

J=

8.9.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

ZZ

(x2 y 2 )dxdy,

D ; x + y = 1, x + y = 3, 2x y = 2, 2x y = 1

8.10.
ZZ

[Nije iz Zbirke]

cos

xy
dxdy,
x+y

D : x + y = 1, x = 0, y = 0

i x=4

8.11.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

ZZ

sin

xy
dxdy, D : y = x, y = x, xy = a, x > 0, a > 0, > > 0
a2

Polarne koordinate
x = cos , y = sin ,

J =

Za x2 + y2 R2 je (, ) [0, R] [0, 2]
Eliptiqke koordinate
x = a cos , y = b sin ,

8.12.

dxdy = abdd,

J = ab

[Zad.35, str.100]

ZZ p
a2 x2 y 2 dxdy,

D = {(x, y) | x2 + y 2 a2 , x 0, y 0}

8.13.

[Zad.36, str.100]

ZZ
D

8.14.

p
sin x2 + y 2
p
dxdy,
x2 + y 2

D = {(x, y) | 2 /9 x2 + y 2 2 }

[Nije iz Zbirke]
ZZ

I=

(1 2x 3y)dxdy,

D : x2 + y 2 R

8.15.
ZZ

[Kolokvijum, 2004]

8.16.

dxdy
,
(x2 + y 2 )2

D : x2 + y 2 = 4x, x2 + y 2 = 8x, y = 0, y = x

[zad.37, str.100]

ZZ p
R2 x2 y 2 dxdy,
I=

D : x2 + y 2 Rx, y 0

8.17.
I=

8.18.

[Zad.38, str.100]
ZZ

y
arctan dxdy,
x
D

D : x + y = 1, x + y = 9, y =

3
x, y = 3x
3

[Nije iz Zbirke]

Z r
x2
y2
4 2 2 dxdy,
a
b
D

D :

x2
y2
x2
y2
+
=
1,
+
= 1, x 0, y 0
a2
b2
4a2
4b2

Primena dvojnog integrala

Zapremine tela
Zapremina cilindriqnog tela qija je jedna osnova figura
osnova povrx z = f (x, y)
V =

ZZ

u ravni

Oxy ,

a druga

f (x, y)dxdy

9.1.

[Zad.48, str.101]

z = 4x2 + 2y 2 + 1, x + y 3 = 0, x = 0, y = 0, z = 0

9.2.

[Zad.53, str.101]

z = xy, z = 0, (x 1)2 + (y 1)2 = 1

9.3.

[Zad.57, str.101]

z = a2 x2 , x2 + y 2 = a2 , x = 0, y = 0, z = 0

9.4.

[Zad.62, str.101]

x2 + y 2 = 2x, x2 + y 2 = 2y, z = x + 2y, z 0

9.5.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

T : z = x2 + y 2 , z = 2(x2 + y 2 ), y = x, y 2 = x,

9.6.

[Kolokvijum, 2003]

T : x2 + y 2 = 2x, z = 2x + y, z = 0, y 0,

9.7.

V =?

V =?

[Kolokvijum, ??]

T : z = 0, z =

x2 + y 2
, (x 1)2 + y 2 = 1,
2

V =?

Povrxine ravnih figura

Povrxinu P (D) figure D moemo dobiti ako u dvojnom integralu na oblasti D uzmemo
funkciju f (x, y) = 1
P (D) =

ZZ

9.8.

[Zad.73, str.102]

y=

1
(x a)2 , x2 + y 2 = a2 , a > 0
a

dxdy

9.9.

[Zad.74, str.102]

x2 + y 2 = a2 , x + y = a, y =

9.10.

a
a
, x 0, y , a > 0
2
2

[Zad.75, str.102]

xy = a2 , x2 = ay y = 2a, x = 0, a > 0

9.11.
x=

9.12.

[Zad.79, str.102]
y 2 + b2
y 2 + a2
, x=
, a>b>0
2b
2a

[Zad.77, str.102]

(x a)2 + y 2 = a2 , x2 + (y a)2 = a2

9.13.

[Zad.78, str.102]

x2 + y 2 2ax = 0, x2 + y 2 ax = 0

9.14.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

D : x2 + y 2 2x, |y| x,

9.15.
D:

P (D) =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]
x
a

x y
y 2
= , y = 0,
b
a
b

P (D) =?

Povrxina dela povrxi

Povrxina dela povrxi z(x, y) nad D je data sa
P =

ZZ q

1 + zx02 + zy02 dxdy

9.16.

[Nije iz Zbirke]

z = x2 + y 2 ,

9.17.

D : x2 + y 2 1,

P =?

[Nije iz Zbirke]

x2 + y 2 + x2 = a2 ,

D : x2 + y 2 = ax

[Zad.88, str.103]
Izraqunati povrxinu dela konusa

9.18.

10

Trojni integrali

x2 + y 2 = z 2

koji iseca cilindar x2 + y2 = 2ax.

REXEA
1.1.

Jedna primitivna je arctan x

Skup svih primitivnih je {arctan x + C, C R}
Iz uslova arctan 1 + C = sledi C = 34
F (x) = arctan x +

3
4

1.2.
e|x| =

ex ,
ex ,

x0
x<0

Za x > 0 primitivne su ex + A, A R
Za x < 0 primitivne su ex + B, B R
Za x R primitivna funkcija F mora biti diferencijabilna (dakle, i neprekidna) u
taqki x = 0
Na primer,
(
F (x) =

1.3.

1+

F (x) =

x+

2x
2 x2 +a2

x2 + a2

Sliqno je i G (x) = g(x)

Uvrstiti u tabliqne

ex 1,
ex + 1,

x0
x<0

1
1
x2 + a2 + x

=
= f (x)
2
2
2
2
2
x +a
x+ x +a
x + a2

1.4.

p
dx
= ln(x + x2 a2 )
x2 a2

1
1
1 2 1 2 1
(x3 x2 + 2x 2) = x + 2
2
5x
5
5 5 x 5 x
Z
Z
1
dx
x dx =
x+1 + C ,
= ln |x| + C
+1
x
f (x) =

Za 6= 1 je

=
=

1.5.
f (x) =
Z

dx
= arctan x + C
1 + x2

1 1 2 1
2
2 1
x x + ln |x|
+C
5 2
5
5
5 x
2
2 1
1 2 1
x x + ln |x| + + C
10
5
5
5 x

x2 + 1
1
1
x2 + 1 1
=

=1
2
1+x
1 + x2
1 + x2
1 + x2

I = x arctan x + C

1.6.
f (x) =
Z

sin2 x
1 cos2 x
1
=
=
1
2
cos x
cos2 x
cos2 x

dx
= tan x + C
cos2 x
I = tan x x + C

1.7.
f (x) =
Z

sin2 x + cos2 x
1
1
=
x
+
cos2 x sin2
sin2 x cos2 x

dx
= cot x + C
sin2 x
I = tan x cot x + C

1.8.
f (x)

=
=
=

Uvrstiti u tabliqne

1 a+x+ax

2a (a x)(a + x)
dx
a+x
dx
xa



x + a
dx
1

+C
=
ln
xa
2a  x a 


x + a
dx
1

+C
=
ln
a2 x2
2a  x a 

1
I=
2a
Z

1.9.
f (x) =

I=

1
=
(a x)(a + x)
1
1
1

2a a x 2a
1
1
1

2a a + x 2a

1
2

1.10.
I=

dx
1

a + x 2a

1
1 1 + x2 + 1 x2
1
1
1
+

=
2
2
2
2 (1 x )(1 + x )
2 1x
2 1 + x2

1
dx
+
1 x2
2

1
a



1  x + 1  1
dx
=
ln
+ arctan x + C
1 + x2
2 x 1 2

1
d(x/a)
=
1 + (x/a)2
a

1
du
= arctan u + C
1 + u2
a

Dakle, I = a1 arctan xa + C
Uvrstiti u tabliqne

1
dx
x
= arctan + C
a2 + x2
a
a

1.11.

Dakle,

1
I=
a

d(x)
p

x
I = arcsin + C
a

Uvrstiti u tabliqne
1.12.

I=

1.13.

1.14.
I=

f (x)dx =

u3 du =

1.17. I =
1.18.

1
I=
2

1.19. I =

1
4

1.20. I =

du
= arcsin u + C
1 u2

d(cos x)
=
cos x

du(x)
,
u(x)

u(x) = cos x

du
= ln |u| + C = ln | cos x| + C
u

f (x)dx =

2 sin x cos x
dx =
1 + sin2 x

1
2

d(1 + sin2 x)
=
1 + sin2 x

du
u

du
= ln |u| + C = ln(1 + sin2 x) + C
u

ex d(x2 ) =

1
sin d
x

1
2

2
1
1
eu du = eu + C = ex + C
2
2

 
Z
1
1
= sin udu = cos u + C = cos + C
x
x

sin3 xd(sin x) =

u3 du

1 4
sin4 x
u +C =
+C
4
4

arctan xd(arctan x) =

dx
x
= arcsin + C
2
a
x

(x/a)2

I=

I=

1.15.

1.16.

d(x/a)

a2

sin x
=
cos xdx

I=

I=

(x/a)2

1
d(x2 )
=
1 + (x2 )2
2
d(x4 )
p

(x4 )2

I = 2 arcsin u + C = 2 arcsin

u2 du =

1 3
1
u + C = arctan3 x + C
3
3

1
du
1
= arctan u + C = arctan x2 + C
1 + u2
2
2

1
4

dx
=2

x 1x

1
du
1
= arcsin u + C = arcsin x4 + C
2
4
4
1u

Z
d( x)
du
2 == 2
1 u2
1 ( x)

x+C

1 a
1.21. I =

2 = 2
b
a
b
1 + a tan x


Z
1
1
du
1
b tan x
=
I=
arctan u + C =
arctan
+C
ab
1 + u2
ab
ab
a
Z

dx
1
= 2
a
cos2 x(a2 + b2 tan2 x)

d(tan x)

d
1+

b
a tan x

2
b
a tan x

x = t3 , 3 x = t2 , dx = 6t5 dt, 1 : x 7 6 x
Z
Z
Z
Z
1 + t2
dt
6t5 dt
t2 dt
=
6
dt

6
I=
=
6
t3 (1 + t2 )
1 + t2
1 + t2
1 + t2

I = 6t 6 arctan t + C = 6( 6 x arctan 6 x) + C

1.22. x = t6 = (t),

1.23. x = t2 , dx = 2tdt, t = x

dt
= 2 arctan t + A = 2 arctan x + A = F (x) + A
2
1+t

x = 1/t2 , dx = 2dt/t3 , t = 1/ x (druga smena)

I=

2tdt
=2
(1 + t2 )t

dt
1
= 2 arctan t + B = 2 arctan + B = G(x) + B
1 + t2
x

1
F (x) = G(x) + C , odnosno 2 arctan x = 2 arctan + C
x

Za x = 1 : 2 4 = 2 4 + C , C = Dakle, vai jednakost

1
arctan x + arctan =
2
x
I = 2

1.24. x = 1/t, dx = dt/t2 , 1 + x2 = 1 + 1/t2 =

t2 + 1
t2

Z
dt
tdt
t2 t

t2
1 + t2
1 + t2
Z
p
p
1
d(1 + t2 )

= 1 + t2 + C = 1 + 1/x2 + C
I=
2
2
1+t

I=

1.25. x = a sin t = (t),

- na (/2, /2) ima inverznu (monotona je)

x
1 : x 7 t = arcsin
a
Z p
Z
Z
a2
2
2
2
2
2
I=
a a sin t a cos tdt = a
cos tdt =
(1 + cos 2t)dt
2


a2
1
a2
x xp 2
t + sin 2t + C =
arcsin +
I=
a x2 + C
2
2
2
a
2

1.26. (x) = ex = t, d(ex ) = dt, ex dx = dt

I=

ex

e| {zdx} =

et dt = et + C

dt

I = ee

+C

1.27. (x) = ln x = t, dx/x = dt

I=

cos(ln x)

dx
=
x

cos tdt = sin t + C = sin(ln x) + C

1.28. (x) = 1 + ex = t, ex = t 1, x = ln(t 1), dx =

Z

dt
=
t(t 1)

I = ln

ex
+C
1 + ex

I=

t (t 1)
dt =
t(t 1)

dt

t1

dt
t1

dt
= ln |t 1| ln |t| + C
t



2dx
1+x
1+x
1 x 1 x + (1 + x)
dx = dt,
= dt
1.29. ln
= t, d ln
= dt,

2
1x
1x
1+x
(1 x)
1 x2
Z
1
1 t2
1
1+x
I=
tdt =
= ln2
+C
2
2 2
4
1x

1.30. arctan x = t, d(arctan x) = dt,

I=

t 2dt = t2 + C = arctan2

1.31. u = x
du = dx

1
dx
= dt
1+x 2 x

x+C

i dv = (1 +xdxx2 )2

i v = 12 1 +1 x2 ,
I=

1.32. I1 =

x
1
+
2(1 + x2 ) 2

x
dx
1
=
+ arctan x + C.
1 + x2
2(1 + x2 ) 2

dx
x2 + a2

Ako za integral I1 primenimo parcijalnu integraciju ( dv = dx), dobijamo

I1 =

I2 =

1.33. u =
du =

x
+2
x2 + a2

x2 dx
x
= 2
+ 2I1 2a2 I2
+ a2 )2
x + a2

(x2

1
x
1
1
x
1
x
2
+ 2 I1 = 2 2
+ 3 arctan + C
2
2
2
2a x + a
2a
2a x + a
2a
a

a2 + x2 , dv = dx

x
, v=x
+ x2

a2

=
=

Z
Z 2
p
p
x2 dx
a + x2 a2
2
2
2
2

x a +x
=x a +x
dx
a2 + x2
a2 + x2
p
p
x a2 + x2 I + a2 ln |x + a2 + x2 | + C
I=

p
xp 2
a2
ln |x + a2 + x2 | + C
a + x2 +
2
2

1.34. u = ln

1+x
xdx
,
dv =
1x
1 x2
du =

1x 1x+1+x
dx,

1+x
(1 x)2

v=

1
2

p
d(1 x2 )

= 1 x2
2
1x

Z
p
p
1+x
1+x
dx
I = 1 x2 ln
= 1 x2 ln
+2
+ 2 arcsin x + C
2
1x
1x
1x

1.35. u = arcsin2 x, dv = dx, du = 2

arcsin x
dx, v = x
1 x2
Z
x arcsin x

I = x arcsin2 x 2J, J =
dx
1 x2
Za J : u = arcsin x i dv = xdx 2
1x

dx
du =
i v = 1 x2
1 x2
p
J = 1 x2 arcsin x + x + C
p
I = x arcsin2 x + 2 1 x2 arcsin x 2x + C

1.36. u = x2

i dv = arccos xdx

v=

arccos xdx = x arccos x +

I = x3 arccos x x2
3I = x3 arccos x x2

1 x2 + 2

3I = x3 arccos x x2

1 x2

p
xdx
= x arccos x 1 x2
1 x2

1 x2 2I + 2

p
x 1 x2 dx.

p
x 1 x2 dx

1p
(1 x2 )3
3

1.37. u = arcsinn x, dv = dx
x arcsinn1 x

dx = x arcsinn x n J
1 x2

x
u = arcsinn1 x, dv =
, v = 1 x2
2
1x

In = x arcsinn x n

Za J :

p
1 x2 arcsinn1 x + (n 1)In2
p
In = x arcsinn x + n 1 x2 arcsinn1 x n(n 1)In2
J =

2.1.

x
A
B
C
=
+
+
(x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)
x+1 x+2 x+3
x = A(x + 2)(x + 3) + B(x + 1)(x + 3) + C(x + 1)(x + 2)

Za x = 1 sledi A = 1/2
Za x = 2 sledi B = 2
Za x = 3 sledi C = 3/2

Z
Z
Z
1
dx
dx
3
dx
+2

2
x+1
x+2 2
x+3
1
2
ln |x + 1| + 2 ln |x + 2| ln |x + 3| + C
2
3
(x + 2)2
ln
+C
|x + 1|1/2 |x + 3|3/2

=
=
=

2.2.
f (x) =

x4 x3 2x2 + x3 x2 2x x 2
x+2
=x+1
3
2
2
x x 2x
x(x x 2)
x+2
A
B
C
= +
+
x(x 2)(x + 1)
x
x2 x+1
x + 2 = A(x 2)(x + 1) + Bx(x + 1) + Cx(x 2)

Za x = 0, 2 = A (2) 1, A = 1
Za x = 1, 1 = C (1) (3), C = 1/3
Za x = 2, 4 = B 2 3, B = 2/3
I=
I=

2.3.

x2
+x+
2

dx 2

x
3

dx
1

x2 3

dx
x+1

x2
2
1
+ x + ln |x| ln |x 2| ln |x + 1| + C
2
3
3

A
C
x2 + 5x 2
x2 + 5x 2
B
=
+
=
+
2
2
2
(x 1)(x + 1)
(x 1)(x + 1)
x 1 (x + 1)
x+1

Za x = 1 je 12 + 5 1 2 = A (1 + 1)2 , 4A = 4, A = 1
Za x = 1 je (1)2 + 5 (1) 2 = B (1 1), B = 3
Za x = 0 je 2 = A B C , 2 = 1 3 C , C = 0
I=

2.4.

x3

dx
+3
x1

3
dx
= ln |x 1|
+C
(x + 1)2
x+1

A
5x 8
5x 8
B
C
= +
=
+
2
2
4x + 4x
x(x 2)
x
x 2 (x 2)2

5x 8 = A(x 2)2 + Bx(x 2) + Cx

Za x = 0,

8 = A 4, A = 2;

Za x = 2,

2 = C 2, C = 1

5x 8 = 2(x 2)2 + Bx(x 2) + x

Za x = 1,

3 = 2 + B (1) + 1, 2 = B (1), B = 2
Z
Z
Z
dx
1
dx
dx
I = 2
= 2 ln |x| + 2 ln |x 2|
+2
+
+C
2
x
x2
(x 2)
x2
I = ln

x2
x

2

1
+C
x2

2.5.

1
A
B
C
E
F
D
= 3+ 2+ +
+
+
x3 (x + 1)3
x
x
x
(x + 1)3
(x + 1)2
x+1
A(x + 1)3 + Bx(x + 1)2 + Cx2 (x + 1)3 + Dx3 + Ex3 (x + 1) + F x3 (x + 1)2 = 1.

Za x = 0 dobijamo A = 1, a za x = 1 dobijamo D = 1
Bx(x + 1)3 + Cx2 (x + 1)3 + Ex3 (x + 1) + F x3 (x + 1)2 = 3x(x + 1)
B(x + 1)2 + Cx(x + 1)2 + Ex2 + F x2 (x + 1) = 3

Za x = 0 dobijamo B = 3, a za x = 1 dobijamo E = 3
Cx(x + 1)2 + F x2 (x + 1) = 6x(x + 1)
C(x + 1) + F x = 6

za x = 0 dobijamo C = 6, a za x = 1 dobijamo F = 6
I=

3
3
1
1
+ + 6 ln x +
+
6 ln(x + 1) + C
2
3
2x
x
2(x + 1)
x+1

2.6.
I=
3
I=
2
I=

2.7.

3
2

2x + 4 4 4/3
dx
x2 + 4x + 13

2x + 4
dx 8
x2 + 4x + 13

d(x + 2)
(x + 2)2 + 32

3
8
x+2
ln |x2 + 4x + 13| arctan
+C
2
3
3

x2 1
x5 1
2
=
x

x
+
x3 + x2 + x
x3 + x2 + x
Z
3
2
x
x
x2 1
I=

+ J, J =
dx
3
2
x3 + x2 + x
x2 1
A
Bx + C
= + 2
x(x2 + x + 1)
x
x +x+1
x2 1 = A(x2 + x + 1) + (Bx + C)x = (A + B)x2 + (A + C)x + A

A = 1, A + B = 1, A + C = 0, B = 2, C = 1
x2 1
1
2x + 1
= + 2
+ x2 + x
x x +x+1

 2
x + x + 1
2
+C

J = ln |x| + ln(x + x + 1) + C = ln 

x
x3

2.8.

x3

x
A
Bx + C
=
+ 2
1
x1 x +x+1

Za x = 1, 1 = 3A, A = 1/3; Za x = 0, 0 = A + C (1), C = 1/3

Za x = 1, 1 = A 1 + (B + C) (2), 1 = 1/3 + 2B, B = 1/3

I=

1
3

Z
x1
1
1 1
2x 2
dx
=
ln
|x

1|

dx
2
2
x +x+1
3
3 2
x +x+1
Z
Z
1
d(x2 + x + 1) 1
dx
1

I = ln |x 1|

2
3
6
x2 + x + 1
2
(x + 1/2) + ( 3/2)2

dx
1

x1 3

I=

2.9.

1
1 2
1
x + 1/2
ln |x 1| ln(x2 + x + 1) arctan
+C
3
6
2
3
3/2

1
A Bx + C
Dx + E
= +
+
x(1 + x2 )2
x
1 + x2
(1 + x2 )2

1 = A(1 + x2 )2 + (Bx + C)x(1 + x2 ) + (Dx + e)x

Za x = 0 dobijamo A = 1
Za x = i, 1 = (Di + E)i, 1 = D + Ei,
2 2

D = 1, E = 0

1 = (1 + x ) + (Bx + C)x(1 + x ) x

Za x = 1, 1 = 4 + (B + C) 2 1, B + C = 1
Za x = 1, 1 = 4 + (B + C) (1) 2 1
2 = (B C) 2, B C = 1, 2B = 2, B = 1, C = 0
Z
Z
Z
Z
dx
xdx
1
xdx
1
d(1 + x2 )
2
I

=
ln
|x|

ln(1
+
x
)

2
2
2
x
1+x
(1 + x )
2
2
(1 + x2 )2
I = ln

|x|
1
+
+C
2
2(1 + x2 )
1+x

x
2dt
2t
1 t2
, sin x =
, cos x =
= t, dx =
2
2
2
1+t
1+t
1 + t2
Z
Z
Z
2dt
1
2dt
dt
=
I=

=
2 + 2t
1+t
2t
1 t2 1 + t2
1+
+
1 + t2
1 + t2

x
I = ln |1 + t| + C = ln 1 + tan
+C
2

3.1. tan

3.2. f (x) =
I=2

1
1+

2t
1+t2
2t
1+t2

1t2
1+t2
1t2
1+t1

1t
1 + t2 2t + 1 t2
=
2
2
1 + t + 2t 1 + t
t(1 + t)

(1 t)dt
t(t + 1)(t2 + 1)

A
B
Ct + D
1t
= +
+ 2
, A = 1, C = 0, B = D = 1
t(t + 1)(t2 + 1)
t
t+1
t +1
Z
Z
Z
dt
dt
dt
t
I=2
2
2
= 2 ln
2 arctan t + C
2
t
t+1
t +1
t+1
tan x2
x+C
I = ln
tan x2 + 1

3.3. tan x = t
I=

dx
=
cos2 x + 9 sin2 x

1
dt
= arctan(3 tan x) + C
1 + (3t)2
3

3.4. tan x = t
I=

Meutim, moe i bez smene,

I

1t
dt
(1 + t)(1 + t2 )

cos x sin x
dx
sin x + cos x

d(sin x + cos x)
sin x + cos x

ln | sin x + cos x| + C.

1 cos2 t
1
= t2 ,
= 1 + t2
cos2 t
cos2 t
Z
Z
Z
dt
dx/ cos2 x
dt
=
I=
=
t2 + 1 + t2
1 + 2t2
1/ cos2 x + tan2 x

1
d( 2t)
1

I=
= arctan( 2t) + C
2
1 + ( 2t)2
2

1
I = arctan( 2 tan x) + C
2
1
1
1
1
Moe i 1 + sin
=
=

2
cos2 x 1 + 2 tan2 x
x
cos2 x + 2 sin2 x

3.5. tan x = t, tan2 t = t2 ,

4.1.

1 x = t, x = 1 t2 , dx = 2tdt, x + 1 = t2 + 2
I=2

4.2.

r
3





 t 2 
 1 x 2 
dt
1
1




 + C = ln 
+C
= ln 
t2 2
2 t + 2
2  1 x + 2

1x
=t
1+x
x=

1 t3
,
1 + t3

3
I=
2

dx =

6t2
,
(1 + t3 )2

3
3
t dt = t4 + C =
8
8
3

1+x=
1x
1+x

4/3

2
1 + t3
+C

x+1
x+1
1 + t2
4tdt
= t,
= t2 , x = 2
, dx = 2
x1
x1
t 1
(t 1)2
q
x+1
Z
Z
x1 1
tdt
q
I=
dx = 4
(t 1)(t + 1)3
x+1
x1 + 1

4.3.

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
t
=
+


(t 1)(t + 1)3
8 t 1 8 t + 1 4 (t + 1)2
2 (t + 1)3

1
1
1
1
+C
I = ln |t 1| + ln |t + 1|
+
2
2
t + 1 (t + 1)2
r


1  t + 1 
t
x+1
I = ln 
+ C, t =


2
2
t1
(t + 1)
x1

4.4.

r
p
p
1x
2
(1 x) 1 x = (1 x) (1 x)(1 + x) = (1 x)(1 + x)
1+x

4tdt
2t2
2
1x
1 t2
, dx =
,1 x =
, 1+x=
= t2 , x =
2
2
2
1+x
1+t
(1 + t )
1 + t2
1 + t2
Z
Z
4tdt
dt
1
= +C
I=
=
2
2
t
t
2
2t

t
(1 + t2 )2
2
2
1+t 1+t
r
1+x
I=
+C
1x

Drugo rexee.
x = sin t

Z
dt
1 + sin t
dt
=
1 sin t
1 sin2 t
Z
Z
1 + sin t
d(cos t)
=
dt
=
tan
t

2
cos t
cos2 t
sin t + 1
1
+C =
+C
= tan t +
cos t
cos t
sin t + 1
x+1
= p
=
+C
2
1 x2
1 sin t
r
1+x
=
+C
1x

4.5. x = sin t
I

=
=
=
=
=

4.6. x = cosh t

cos tdt
cos t 1
Z
Z
dt
dt
1 cos t
Z
1 + cos t
t
dt
sin2 t
1
t + cot t +
+C
sin
t
1 x2
1
+ + C.
arcsin x +
x
x

Z q

=
=
=

(cosh2 t 1)3 sinh tdt

sinh4 tdt
Z
1
(cosh 2t 1)2 dt
4
Z
Z
Z
1
1
1
2
cosh tdt
cosh 2tdt +
dt
4
2
4
1
1
3
sinh 4t sinh 2t + t + C.
32
4
8

Kako je

x2 1),
p
sinh 2t = 2 sinh t cosh t = 2x x2 1,
p
sinh 4t = 2 sinh 2t cosh 2t = 4x x2 1(2x2 1),
t = arcosh x = ln(x +

imamo da je

p
1
1 p
x(2x2 1) x2 1 x x2 1 +
8
2
p
3
ln(x + x2 1) + C.
8

4.7. x = sinh t
I

=
=
=
=
=

4.8. x = tan t
I=

Kako je
sin2 t =

to je sin t =

x
,
1 + x2

cosh tdt
2
Z sinh t cosh t
dt
sinh2 t
coth t + C
p
1 + sinh2 t

+C
sinh t
1 + x2

+ C.
x

cos t
1
+C
4 dt =
sin t
3 sin3 t

tan2 t
sin2 t
x2
,
=
=
1 + x2
1 + tan2 t
sin2 t + cos2 t

pa je
1
I=
3

4.9. I =

Z p
(x + 3)2 32 d(x + 3)

(1 + x2 )3
+C
x3

p
tp 2
a2
t a2
ln |t + t2 a2 | + C
2
2
p
p
x+3
9
I=
x2 + 6x ln |x + 3 + x2 + 6x| + C
2
2
Z p

t2 a2 dt =

4.10.
Z
5
2
Z
5
=
2
Z
= 5

2x + 8/5
dx
x2 + 2x + 5
Z
2x + 2
5 2
dx

dx
2
2
2 5
x + 2x + 5
x + 2x + 5
Z
d(x2 + 2x + 5)
dx
p

dx
2 x2 + 2x + 5
(x + 1)2 + 22
p
p
5 x2 + 2x + 5 ln(x + 1 + x2 + 2x + 5) + C

4.11.
I

=
=

Z
Z
1
2x + 1
1
dx

dx
2
2
2
2
x +x+1
x +x+1


p
p
1
1
x2 + x + 1 ln x + + x2 + x + 1 .
2
2

4.12.
I

4.13. I =

Z
Z
x2 + x + 1
x + 1/2
1
dx

dx
dx
2
2
2
2
x +x+1
x +x+1
x +x+1
Z p
Z
Z
2x
+
1
1
dx
2

p
=
(x + 1/2) + 3/4dx
dx
2
2
2 x +x+1
(x + 1/2)2 + 3/4
p
3
x + 1/2 p 2
x + x + 1 + ln(x + 1/2 + x2 + x + 1)
=
2
8
p
p
1
2
x + x + 1 ln(x + 1/2 + x2 + x + 1) + C


p 2

p
2x + 1
3 1
=
x2 + x + 1 +
1

ln(x + 1/2 + x2 + x + 1) + C
4
8 2
p
1
2x 3 p 2
x + x + 1 ln(x + 1/2 + x2 + x + 1) + C
=
4
8
=

Z p

(2x 1)2 + 2 dx,

=
=
=

4.14. x = 2 sin t

2x 1 = t, 2dx = dt

Z
1 p2
t + 2 dt
2
 p

p
1 t
2
2
2
t + 2 + ln(t + t + 2) + C
2 2
2
p
p
2x 1
1
4x2 4x + 3 + ln(2x 1 + 4x2 4x + 3) + C
4
2

I=

4 sin2 t 2 cos t 2 cos tdt = 16

sin2 t cos2 t

=
=

I = 16J = 16

Kako je

sin2 t cos2 tdt = 16J

1 cos 2t 1 + cos 2t

2
2 

1
1
1 + cos 4t
1 1
2
(1 cos 2t) =
1
= cos 4t
4
4
2
8 8


1
1
1
t
sin 4t + C = 2t sin 4t + C
8
32
2

sin 4t

to je
I = 2 arcsin

=
=

2 sin 2t cos 2t
4 sin t cos t (cos2 t sin2 t)
p
= 4 sin t 1 sin2 t(1 2 sin t)
r


x
x2
x2
= 4
1
12
2
4
4


2
p
x
= x 4 x2 1
2
xp
=
4 x2 (2 x2 )
2

x xp
4 x2 (2 x2 ) + C

2
4

Drugo rexee.

p
1
du = dx, v = (4 x2 ) 4 x2
3
p
x
1
I = (4 x2 )3/2 + (4 x2 ) 4 x2 dx
3
3
Z
x
1
4 p
I = (4 x2 )3/2 +
4 x2 I
3
3
3
Z p
x
4
4
4 x2 dx
I = (4 x2 )3/2 + J, J =
3
3
3
Z
x xp
J = 22 x2 dx = 2 arcsin +
4 x2 + C
2
2
p
x
I = x(4 x2 )3/2 + 8 arcsin + 2x 4 x2 + C
2


p
x
1
x2
x xp
I = 2 arcsin + x 4 x2
4 x2 (x2 2) + C
1+
+ C I = 2 arcsin +
2
2
4
2
4
p
u = x, dv = x 4 x2 dx,

4.15.

Ojlerova smena

1 + x x2 = tx 1

1 + x x2 = t2 x2 2tx + 1, x(1 x) = x(t2 x 2t), 1 x = t2 x 2t

x=

t2 + t 1
1 + 2t
dt
,
dx
=
2

t2 + 1
(t2 + 1)2

p
1 + 2t
t2 + t 1
1 + x x2 = tx 1 = t 2
=
t +1
t2 + 1
2
t + 2t + 2
1+x=
t2 + 1
Z
Z
dt
t2 + 1
t2 + 1
t2 + t 1
dt = 2
I = 2

t2 + 2t + 2 t2 + t 1 (t2 + 1)2
1 + (t + 1)2

I = 2 arctan(t + 1) + C = 2 arctan

1+x+

1 + x x2
+C
x

Z p
a2
x xp 2
a2 x2 dx =
arcsin +
a x2 + C
2
a
2
22
x xp
F (x) =
4 x2
arcsin +
2
2
2

3
1 1

I = F (x) = 2 arcsin +
41=2 +
2 2
3
2
0

3
I= +
3
2

5.1.

/4

dx
=
5.2. I =
2
cos x + 3 sin2 x
0

Z /4
d( 3 tan x)
1

I=
3 0
1 + ( 3 tan x)2
/4

I = arctan( 3 tan x)
0
3

1
I = arctan 3 =
3
3 3
Z

5.3. I =
Z

ln xdx +

/4

d(tan x)
1 + 3 tan2 x

ln xdx

1/e

ln xdx = x ln x x + C

I = (x ln x x)

1/e

+ x ln x x



1 1 1
+ e e (0 1)
I = 0 1 ln +
e e e
I =1

2
2
+1=2
e
e

5.4.

2
F (x) = arctan
5

1
x
tan
2
5

x [0, )

I = F (x) = F ( ) F (0)
0


1
x
2
0
I = lim arctan tan
x
2
5
5

I=
5

5.5. x = a sin t,
I=

Z
0

/2

a2 sin2 t

dx = a cos tdt,

x
t

0
0

a
/2
Z /2

p
a2 a2 sin2 t a cos tdt = a4

sin2 t cos2 tdt

/2

a4
sin 2tdt =
8
0



a4
1
/2
I=
t sin 4t
8
4
0
4
a
I=
16
a4
I=
4

5.6. x = 2 sin t,

/2

(1 cos 4t)dt

x
t

dx = 2 cos tdt,

1
/6

3
/3

/3

(8 sin3 t + 1)2 cos t

p
dt
2
2
/6 4 sin t 4 4 sin t
Z /3
Z
1 /3 dt
sin tdt +
I=2
4 /6 sin2 t
/6
Z

!
3
1
1

2
2
4

/3 1
/3

I = 2 cos t
cos t
= 2
4
/6
/6
I=

3
3
3

7
31
6

5.7. x4 = t, x3 dx = dt
1
4

I=

1
4

Z
0

p
16 t2 dt

t = 4 sin u
Z
Z /2
| cos u| cos u u = 4
I=4

/2

cos2 udu

/2

(1 + cos 2u)du = 2u + sin 2u

/2

I = 2 0

I=

5.8. I =

Z
4

p
x (x 2)2 4 dx

x 2 = t, dx = dt
Z 3
p
(2 + t) t2 4 dt
I=
2

I=2

t2

4 dt +

t2 4 dt


 p
3
p
1 2
3 1

t 4 2 ln |t + t2 4| + (t2 4)3/2
2
3
2
2

3+ 5
14
5 4 ln
I=
3
2
I=2

5.9. tan
I=

Z
0

x
= t,
2

x
t
1

1+

2t
1+t2

1t2
1+t2

0
0

/2
,
1
2dt
1 + t2

sin x =

1 t2
2t
, cos x =
2
1+t
1 + t2

2dt
=
2 + 2t + 1 t2
1
+
t
0
1

I = ln(1 + t) = ln 2
I=

Z
0

2dt
=
2 + 2t

Z
0

dt
1+t

5.10. x =
I=

/2

2I =

t,
2

cos3 t
(dt) =
sin3 t + cos3 t

/2

sin x + cos3 x
dx =
sin3 x + cos3 x

x
t

dx = dt,

/2

Z
0

/2

/2

cos3 t
dt
sin3 t + cos3 t

/2

dt =

I = /4

5.11. x = t,
Z

x
t

dx = dt,

sin xdx

1 + cos2 x

x sin x
dx
2
0
0 1 + cos x

I = J I, 2I = J, I = J
2
Z

d(cos x)

arctan(cos
x)
J =
= (arctan(1) arctan 1) =
2x
1
+
cos
2
0
0
I=

I=

2
4

5.12. cos x = t
I=

/3

/4

sin xdx
=
(1 cos2 x) cos3 x

2/2

1/2

dt
(1 t2 )t3

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
=

+ + 3
2
3
(1 t )t
2 1t 2 1+t
t
t
Z 2/2
Z 2/2
Z 2/2
Z 2/2
dt
dt
dt
dt
1
1
I=

+
+
2 1/2 1 t 2 1/2 1 + t
t
t3
1/2
1/2

1
1 1
2/2
I = ln(t2 1) + ln t 2
2
2 t 1/2
I=

1
ln 3 + 1
2

x2
1+x
2dx
, v=
, dv = xdx du =
2
1x
1x
2
Z

1/2
2
2
x
1 + x 1/2
x dx
I=
ln

2
1x 1
1 x2
0
Z 1/2 2
x 1+1
1
dx
I = ln 3
8
1 x2
0
1/2 1  1 + x  1/2
1


I = ln 3 + x ln 

8
2
1 x 0
0

5.13. u = ln

I=

1 3
ln 3
2 8

2 ln x
x3
dx, v =
x
3
Z e
3
e
x3 2
e
2
2

I=
x2 ln xdx =
ln x
J
3
3 9
3
3
0

5.14. u = ln2 xdx, dv = x2 dx,

du =

dx
x3
u = ln x, dv = x2 dx, du =
, v=
x
3
Z e

3
3
3 e
e
x
e
1 x
1
2

J=
x2 dx =
ln x
= e3
3
3 0
3
3 3 0
9
0

Za J

I=

4
5 3
e3
e3 =
e
3
27
27

5.15. u = arcsin

1
dx
1
x+1x
dx =
, v=x
q

2
x
x
(x + 1)
2 x x+1
1 x+1
2 x+1
r
r
Z 3 2
Z 3
x
3
x d( x)
xdx
3

I = x arcsin
= 3 arcsin

2
x+1 0
4
2
x(x
+
1)
1+ x
0
0

3
3
I = 3 arcsin
( x arctan x)
2
0

4

I =3 3+ = 3
3
3
3
x
,
x+1

dv = dx du = q

5.16. u = ln(x + 1 + x2 ), dv =
p

xdx
,
(1 + x2 )2

du =

1
dx
, v=
2(1 + x2 )
1 + x2

Z 1

1
ln(x + 1 + x2 )
1
1 1
(1 + x2 )3/2 dx = ln(1 + 2) + J
I=
+

2
2(1 + x )
2 0
4
2
0

Za J :

J=

x = tant, t [0, /4]

/4

(1 + tan2 t)3/2 cos2 tdt =

/4

cos tdt =

I=

2 1
ln(1 +
4
4

5.17. In =

2
4

2)

(a2 x2 )n1 (a2 x2 )dx = a2 In1 J

Za J :

1
(a2 x2 )n
u = x, x(a2 x2 )n1 dx = dv du = dx, v = 2n
Z a
a
1
x
1

(a2 x2 )n dx =
J = (a2 x2 )n +
In
2n
2n 0
2n
0

In = a2 In1

1
In ,
2n

2n
a2 In1
2n + 1

In =

2n
2n
2(n 1)
(2n)!!
a2 In1 =

a4 In2 = a2n
I0
2n + 1
2n + 1 2(n 1) + 1
(2n + 1)!!
Z a
(2n)!!
dx = a, In = a2n+1
I0 =
(2n + 1)!!
0

In =

6.1. P =

Z
0

ln(1 + x)dx +

Z
0

xex dx

1
1

P = (x + 1) ln(1 + x) x + (xex ex )
0

0.8

0.6

ln(1+x)
x ex
0.4

0.2

0.2

0.4
1

P = 2 ln 2

2
x

2
2
= ln 4
e
e

6.2. y =

1
, y = 1, x = 0, P =?
x2 + 2x + 2

Z 0
1
Rexee.P =
1
dx
x2 + 2x + 2
1
Z 0
0
dx

P = x
2 + 2x + 1
1
x
1
Z 0
dx
p
P =1
(x
+
1)2 + 1
1
0
p

P = 1 ln(x + 1 + x2 + 2x + 2)
1

1/(x2 + 2 x + 2)1/2

1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
6

P = 1 ln(1 +

2) 0.1186

0
x

6.3. y = 0,

x = a2

y = a2

y = (a x)2
Z a2

(a2 + x 2a x)dx
P =
x = 0,

x 2 x1/2 + 1
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

P =

0.5

1.5
x

2.5

a4
6

6.4. P1 =

2 x + 1dx

0
4

(x + 1)3/2
3
1
Z 3

( x + 1 x + 1)dx
P2 =
P1 =

2
(x 1)2
3
(x + 1)3/2

3
2
0
9
P = P1 + P2 =
2
P2 =

(x + 1)1/2
2.5

1.5

0.5

y = x1

0.5

y = (x+1)1/2
y = (x+1)1/2

1.5
2

Drugo rexee.

1
x

P =

(y + 1 y 2 + 1)dy =

6.5. f 0 (x) = x

1
1

16x2
2

2
1
1
1
= x+
1 + f 02 (x) = + x2 +
2
2
16x
4x
p
1
1 + f 02 (x) = x +
4x

Z 3
3
1
x2
1

l=
x+
dx =
+ ln x
4x
2
4
1
1

l=

1
,
4x

2
y3
y2

+
+ 2y
3
2
1

f 02 (x) = x2 +

1
1
9 1
+ ln 3 = 4 + ln 3
2 4
2
4

6.6. f 0 (x) =

2x
,
x2 1

1 + f 02 (x) = 1 +

4x2
(x2 1)2

(x2 1)2 + 4x2

(x2 + 1)2
= 2
2
2
(x 1)
(x 1)2


Z 5
Z 5
5
dx
x2 + 1
1  x 1 

5
dx
+
2
dx
=
=
x
ln
+
2



2
2
x 1
2
x+1 2
2
2 x 1
2

1 + f 02 (x) =
l=

Z
2

l = 3 + ln

1
2
ln = 3 + ln 2
3
3

6.7. y0 = cot x,
2/3

l=

l=

/3
2/3

/3

l = ln

1 + y 02 (x) = 1 + cot2 x =

1
sin2 x

Z
dx
dx
1 2/3
=
sin x
2 /3 sin x2 cos x2



d tan x2
x
2/3
=
ln
tan

x
tan 2
2
/3

1
3 ln = ln 3 + ln 3 = ln 3
3

6.8. y0

e2x
,
1

e2x

1 + y 02 =

(e2x + 1)2
(e2x 1)2

Z e2 2
e2x + 1
t +1
dx
=
dt
2x 1
2 1)
e
t(t
1
e

Z e2 
2
1
1
1
|t2 1|
e
l=
+

dt = ln

t1 t+1
t
|t|
e
e

l=

l = 1 + ln(e2 + 1)

6.9. y0 = x

Z
p
2
l=
1 + x dx = 2
2
0
2
p

2
2 ln(x + 1 + x ) + 2J
0

1+

x2

dx = 2

Z
0

1 + x2

dx l = 2
1 + x2

Z
0

x2
1
+
1 + x2
1 + x2

dx =

Za J :

p
xdx
, v = 1 + x2
2
1+x

Z 2 p

p
2

2J = 2x 1 + x2 2
1 + x2 dx = 2 6 l
u = x, dv =

l = 2 ln( 2 + 3) + 2 6 l

l = ln( 2 + 3) + 6

x+4 6
x+2 6
02
6.10. y = 2
1+y = 2
,
x 48
x2 48
Z
Z 8
8

dx
2 d(x2 48)
q

+ 22 6
l=

2
2
x 48
7
7
x2 (4 3)2
0

8
8
p

2 p 2

2 x 48 + 2 12 ln(x + x2 48)
2
7
7

3
l = 3 2 + 4 3 ln
2
l=

6.11. x02 = 9a2 cos4 t sin2 t, y02 = 9a2 sin4 t cos2 t

x02 + y 02 = 9a2 cos2 t sin2 t(cos2 t + sin2 t)
x02 + y 02 = 9a2 cos2 t sin2 t
Z
Z /2
cos t sin t dt = 12a
l = 4 3a

/2

sin td(sin t)

/2

l = 6a sin2 t
= 6a
0

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1

Zaxto Zne moe:

2

cos t sin t dt =

l = 3a

0.5

2
3a

sin2 t = 0?
2
0

0.5

6.12. x0 = a(1 cos t),

y 0 = a sin t

x02 + y 02 = a2 (1 + cos2 t 2 cos + sin2 t)

x02 + y 02 = 2a2 (1 cos t) = 4a2 sin2
l=

2a sin

t
2



t
t
2
dt = 2a cos
2
2
2
0

2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0

10

15

20

l = 4a(1 + 1) = 8a

p
t
t2
, y 0 (t) = 1 t2
2
1t
1 t2
p
(2t2 + 1)2
2t2 + 1
02 + y 02 =
,
x02 + y 02 =
x
1 t2
1 t2
Z 1 2
1
2t + 1
3

l=
dt = 2I + 3 arcsin t = 2I +
2
2
0
1t
0
Z /2
Z 1p
2
cos2 udu
1 t dt =
I=

6.13. x0 (t) = 2 2

I=

/2

Z
0

l = 2

/2
1 + cos 2u
1

/2 1

du = u
+ sin 2u
=
2
2 0
4
4
0

3
+ =
4
2

6.14. Vx =
x2 =

a2 2
(b y 2 )
b2

y 2 dx =

b2
a2

(a2 x2 )dx =

b2
a2



x3
4
a
a2 x
= ab2
3
3
a

6.15. Vy =

Za I :



y3
4
b
2
b y
= a2 b
3
3
b

arcsin2 ydy = I

u = arcsin2 y, dv = dy, du = 2 arcsin y p

0

Za J :

I=

4 3
R
3

VL =

Z
1

I = y arcsin y 2

J =

Za a = b = R

a2
(b y )dy = 2
b
b

a2
x dy = 2
Vy =
b
b
Z

1 y2

u = arcsin y, dv = p

y2

2
2,
4

1 Z

arcsin y +
0

Vy =

Drugo rexee.

ydy

arcsin y p

dy
1 y2

2
2J
4

ydy

p
dy
, du = p
, v = 1 y2
1 y2
1 y2

dy

1 y2 p

1 y2

=1

2
( 8)
4

arcsin y = t, y = sin t, dy = cos tdt

Z /2
t2 cos tdt
I=
0

Tree rexee .
Vy =

 2
2

/2

Vy = 2

1 Vy
x sinxdx = 2

6.16. Vy = 22 e2

e2

ln2 ydy

Vy = 2(e2 + 1)

6.17. Vx = V1 V2 ,

V1 = r2 H = 22 2
Z 2
2

2xdx = x2 = 4
V2 =
0

Vx = 8 4 = 4

6.18. Vx = V1 + V2
1

V1 =

V2 =

y 2 dx =

x2 dx =

1
2
dx =
x2
3

Vx =

6.19. 2x x2 = y, x2 2x + y = 0, x1/2 = 1 1 y
p

Vy = V1 V2

V1 =

V2 =

(1 +

1 y)2 dy =

17

(1

1 y)2 dy =

0
1

8
Vy =
3

Drugo rexee.
Vy = 2

x(2x x2 )dx = 2

(2x2 x3 )dx = 2

6.20. Vx =
Vx =

2 3 x4
x
3
4


8
2
=
3
0

(2x x2 )2 dx

(4x2 4x3 + x4 )dx

Vx =

16

15

6.21. V = 2
V =

(r2 (x r)2 )dx

0

5 3

12

6.22. Vy =
Vy =

r/2

24

6.23. y0 = 3x2 ,
1

Px = 2

2
36

x3

Px =



y4
y
dy
64

y 02 = 9x4

p
1 + 9x4 dx

(1 + 9x4 )1/2 d(1 + 9x4 )

1
2

(1 + 9x4 )3/2
18 3
0

 3/2
10 1
Px =
27
Px =

6.24. y0 = 2x
e

1
,
8x

1 + y 02 = 1 = 4x2 +

1
1
=
64x2
2




1
ln x
2
Px = 2 x
2x +
dx
8
8x
e

Z e 
1 ln x
x 1
3
dx
Px = 2 2x + x ln x
8 4
64 x
e
Z
x2
x2
x ln xdx =
ln x
2
4
Z

Px =??


2
1
2x +
8x

6.25. Vx = V1 V2 =

(x x4 )dx =

10

Px = P1 + P2

x = y 2 , y = x, y 0 = 21 x
r
Z 1
Z 1

1
P1 = 2
x 1+
dx =
4x + 1dx
4x
0
0
1

P1 = (4x + 1)3/2 = (5 5 1)
6
6
0
2
0
Za P2 : y = x , y = 2x

Z 1 p

9 5
1
2
2
x 1 + 4x dx = =
ln(2 + 5)
P2 = 2
16
32
0
Z 1 p
x2 1 + 4x2 dx
Dodatak - I =

Za P1 :

p
u = x, dv = x 1 + 4x2 dx,

du = dx, v =

1
(1 + 4x2 )3/2
12

Z 1
1
x
1
2 3/2
(1 + 4x2 )3/2 dx
I=
(1 + 4x )
12
12 0
0
Z 1
Z 1p
p
5
1
5
1
4
I=
(1 + 4x2 ) 1 + 4x2 dx =
5
5
1 + 4x2 dx I
12
12 0
12
12 0
12
Z 1p
5
1
I=
5 J, J =
1 + 4x2 dx
16
16
0
p
4xdx
, v=x
u = 1 + 4x2 , dv = dx, du =
1 + 4x2
Z 1
1
p
p

x2 dx
1

J = x 1 + 4x2 4
= 5 J + ln(2x + 1 + 4x2 )
2
0
1 + 4x2
0

5 1
9
1
J=
+ ln(2 + 5), I =
5
ln(2 + 5)
2
4
16
64

6.26. y0 = sin x,
P = 2

1 + f 02 = 1 + cos2 x
Z p
p
sin x 1 + cos2 x dx = 2
1 + cos2 xd(cos x)
0
Z 1p
Z 1p
P = 2
1 + t2 dt = 2
1 + t2 dt

Z
0

cos x = t,

P = 4

Z
0

p
1 + t2 dt = 4I,

I=

Z
0

p
1 + t2 dt

1+t
dt
tdt

dt =
+ J , Za J : u = t, dv =
2
2
1+t
1+t
1 + t2
0
0
Z 1
1
p

t2 dt

J=
= t 1 + t2 I, 2I = ln(1 + 2) + 2
0
1 + t2
0

P = 4I = 2 ln(1 + 2) + 2 2 = (ln(3 + 2 2) + 2 2)
I=

8.1. I =

3 1

x2 dx

Z
0

dy
1 + y2

1
x

I=
arctan y dy
3 0
0

I =1

=
4
4

8.2. D = {(x, y) : 0 x 4, x/2 y x}

ZZ

(x3 + y 3 ) dxdy

dx

x3 y +

0
4

Z

"Z

(x3 + y 3 )dy

x/2


y4
y=x
dx

4
y=x/2


1
x3 (x x/2) + (x4 x4 /64) dx
4

Z
47 4 4
x dx
64 0
752
5


dy
8.3. I =
dx
2
0
0 (x + y + 1)
Z 1
1 
1

I=
dx
x+y+1 0
0

Z 1
1
1
+
dx
I=
x+2 x+1
0
1
x + 1
1

I = ln(x + 2) + ln(x + 1) = ln

x+2 0
0
4
I = ln
3

8.4. I =

2x

(x + y)dy dx

x2 /2

 
Z
2x
x y
dx +
2


y2
2x
I=
dx

2 x2 /2
x /2
0
0


Z 2
Z 2
1
1
I=
x 2x x3 dx +
x x4 dx
2
4
0
0

I=

8.5.
I=

8
5

Najpre po x, pa po y!
Z

Z

I(y) =


Z
(x2 + y 2 )dx dy =

y1

y1

(x2 + y 2 )dx =

I(y)dy

y
x3
y

+ y 2 x

3 y1
y1

1
1
y3
(y 1)3 + y 2 (y y + 1) = 2y 2 y +
3
3
3

Z 3
1
I=
2y 2 y +
dy
3
1

I(y) =

I = 14

8.6. I =

Z 1y2

3/2

y I(y)dy,

I(y) =

xdx

1y 2

2
x2
1y
I(y) =

2 1 1y2

p
1
1 p
1
(1 y 2 ) (1 + 1 y 2 2 1 y 2 ) = + 1 y 2
2
2
2
Z 3/2
p
1
I=
(y 2y 1 y 2 )dy
2 0
I(y) =

I=

5
48

8.7. I =

1
2

x I(x)dx,

I(x) =

1x3

y2
0

p
1 x3 y 3 dy

1x3
1 2
3
3 3/2
I(x) = (1 x y )
3 3
0
2
I(x) = (1 x3 )3/2
9
Z 1
Z
2 1 1
2
x2 (1 x3 )3/2 dx =
(1 x3 )3/2 d(1 x3 )
I=
9 0
9 3 0

I=

4
135

(
2
2
y x2 , (x, y) D1
y

x
,
y

x
=
8.8. |y x2 | = 2
x2 y, (x, y) D2
x y, y < x2
ZZ
ZZ
I=
f (x, y)dxdy +
f (x, y)dxdy = I1 + I2
(

D1

I1 =

Z /2

D2

xdx

x2

sin(y x2 )dy =

Z /2

x(cos x2 + 1)dx

1
x2
1
/2
2
I1 = sin x +
= +
2
2 0
2
4
Z /2
Z /2
Z x2
sin(x2 y)dy =
I2 =
xdx
x(1 cos x2 )dx
/2
x
1
1
2
I2 =
=
sin x
2
2
4
2
0

1 1
I = I1 + I2 = + + =
2
4
4
2
2

8.9. x + y = u, x y = v,
x + y = 1 u = 1,

uv
u+v
, y=
2
2
x + y = 3 u = 3,

2x y = 2 u + 3v = 4,

x=

2x y = 1 u + 3v = 2

G : u = 1, u = 3, u + 3v = 2, u + 3v = 4


1/2 1/2 

J = 
1/2 1/2

I=

Z
1

I=

(4u)/3

1
uv|J|dv =
du
2
(u+2)/3

14
9


v2
(4u)/3
u
du

2 (u+2)/3


Drugo rexee.
x + y = u, 2x y = v,

x=

u+v
2u v
1
, y=
, J =
3
3
3

u [1, 3], v [1, 2]

Z 3 Z 2
u
1
du
I=
(2v u) dv
3
1 3
1
I=

14
9

8.10. u = x y, v = x + y,

x=

u+v
vu
1
, y=
, J=
2
2
2

G : v = 1, u = v, u = v
Z v
Z
u
1 1
cos du
dv
I=
2 0
v
v
Z
u
1 1
v
v sin
I=
dv
2 0
v
v
Z 1
1
vdv = sin 1
I = sin 1
2
0
r

y
v
= u, xy = v, x =
, y = uv, (u, v) [, ] [0, a]
x
u


2
D(u, v) y/x 1/x
D(x, y)
1 x
1
y
=
= =
= ,
x 
D(x, y)  y
x
D(u, v)
2 y
2u
Z
Z
v
1 du a
sin
I=
dv
2 u 0
a
i a
1 h a
v
a
I = ln
cos
= ln
2

a 0

8.11.

8.12. x = cos , y = sin , [0, 1], [0, /2]

ZZ p

a2

x2

y2

dxdy =

8.13. x = cos , y = sin ,

G = [0, 2] [/3, ]
Z
Z 2
sin d
d
I=
/3

I = 2 ( cos )

/3

I = 3

/2

J =

Z
0

a2

1
d = a3
3

Z
0

/2

d =

a3

8.14. I =

(1 2 cos 3 sin )d


2
2
R
3 cos 3 sin
2
3
0
0

R2
2
(3 4R sin + 6R cos )
I=
6
0

I=

I = R2

8.15. x = cos , y = sin ,

ZZ

/4

[0, /4], [4 cos , 8 cos ]

8 cos

d
dd
d
=
4
3

4 cos
0
G


Z
Z
1 /4
1
1
1
1 /4
8 cos
I=
d 2

d
=
2 0
4 cos
2 0
64 cos2 16 cos2

 Z /4
d
1
1 1

I=
2
2 64 16
cos
0

1 14
3
/4
I=
tan
=
2
64
128
0
I=

8.16. [0, R cos ], [0, /2]

/2

R cos

Z
R cos
p
1 /2 p 2

2
2
d
d (R 2 )3
R d =
I=
3
0
0
0
0
Z /2 p

1
(R2 R2 cos2 )3 R3 d
I=
3 0
Z
R3 /2
R3
I=
(sin3 1)d = J
3 0
3
Z /2
/2
1
2

((1 cos2 ) sin 1)d = cos + cos3

J=
= +
3
2
3
0
0


R3
4
I=

6
3
Z

8.17. [1, 3], [/6, /3],

I=

/3

I=
I=

/6

y
y
= tan, arctan =
x
x

2
/3 2 3

2 /6 2 1

2
6

8.18. x = a cos , y = b sin

[1, 2], [0, /2], J = ab
Z /2 Z 2 p
d
I = ab
4 2 d
0

I = ab
2
2

Z
1

4 2 d(4 2 )

2
1p

I = ab
(4 2 )3
2 3
1

3
I=
ab
2

9.1. V =
V =

dy

ZZ

z dxdy, D = {(x, y) : x 0, y 0, y 3 x}

D
3y

(4x + 2y + 1)dx =

I(y)dy

I(y) =

3y

(4x + 2y + 1)dx

=
=

ZZ



10 3
2
=
39 37y + 18y y dy
3
0

3
10
37 2
3
4
=
39y y + 6y y
2
12
0
= 45

x = 1 + cos , y = 1 + sin , [0, 1], J =

xy dxdy,

(1 + cos )(1 + sin )dd

0
2

dd +

jer je

2 (sin + cos + sin cos )dd

sin d =

cos d =

sin cos d = 0.

z dxdy, D = {(x, y) : x 0, y 0, y a2 x2 }

V =

dx

a2 x2

(a2 x2 )dy =

I(x) =

a2 x2

Z
0

(a2 x2 )I(x)dx

V =

ZZ

9.3. V =

4
(3 y)3 + 2(3 y)y 2 + (3 y)
3
10
39 37y + 18y 2 y 3
3

9.2. V =


4 3
x=3y
2
x + 2xy + x
3
x=0

a2 x2 p

dy = y
= a2 x2
0

Z a
p
13
3 4
(a2 x2 ) a2 x2 dx =
(a2 x2 )3/2 dx = a3
=
a
24 2
16
0

(videti Zbirka, zad.83 (2), str.87)

9.4. V =

ZZ

zdxdy,

D = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 2x, x2 + y 2 2y} = D1 D2

x = cos , y = sin , K1 : x2 + y 2 = 2x, = 2 cos , K2 : x2 + y 2 = 2y, = 2 sin

ZZ
V =
(x + 2y)dxdy
D
/4

2 sin

(cos + 2 sin )d

2 d +

(cos + 2 sin )d

/4

/2

3
3

4
2

=
=

9.5. V = V1 V2
V1 =

ZZ

2(x2 + y 2 )dxdy,

V2 =

ZZ

(x2 + y 2 )dxdy

D = {(x, y) | 0 x 1, x y x}
ZZ
Z 1 Z x
2
2
dx
V =
(x + y )dxdy =
(x2 + y 2 )dy
D

3
V =
35

9.6. x = 1 + cos , y = sin

V =

V =

(2 + 2 cos + sin )d



2
1
2
1 + cos + sin = +
3
3
3

Drugo rexee.

x = cos , y = sin
Z 2 cos
Z /2
(2 cos + sin )2 d
d
V =
0

V =

16
3

/2

cos4 d

8
3

Z
0

/2

cos3 d(cos ) =

16 3 8 1
2

=+
3 16
3 4
3

9.7. x = 1 + cos , y = sin , [0, 1], [0, 2]

Z 1
Z 2
(1 + cos )2 + ( sin )2
x2 + y 2
d
dxdy =
d
2
2
0
0
D

Z 1
Z 2

3
2
d
V =
+ cos +
d
2
2
0
0
 2

Z 2

cos 3 4
1
d
V =
+
+

4
3
8
0
0



Z 2 
3
sin
3 cos
3
2
+
d =
+
V =
=
8
3
8
3
4
0
0
V =

ZZ

Drugo rexee.

x = cos , y = sin , [0, 2 cos ], [/2, /2]

Z 2 cos 3
Z /2
Z /2

d
V =
cos4 d
d = 2
2
0
/2
/2

Z
0

2 cos

2 d

V =2

/2

3
sin 2 sin 4
+
+
8
4
32

/2

V =2

2

9.8. P =

1 + cos 2
2

d

3
/2
=

4
/2



p
1
2
2
2
dxdy, D = (x, y) : (x a) y a x
a
D
Z a Z a2 x2
dx
P =
dy

ZZ

(xa)2 /a
Z a
1
2

0
2

Z a 
Z a
a
dx
xdx + a2
x dx 2a

4
a 0
0
0
a
a
a2
1 x3
a

+ x2 ax
4
a 3 0
0
0
a2
(3 4)
12

=
=
=

Za

Z
0

p
a2
a2 x2 =
4

videti: Zbirka, zad.58, str.86.

9.9. D = {(x, y) : a/2 y a, a y x

Z

I(y)dy,

I(y) =

P =

dx =

ay

Z p

a2 x2 dx =

(videti Zbirka, zad.76, str.76), to je

P

a2 y 2 }

Z a2 y2

a/2

Kako je

a/2
2

=
=
=

a2
x xp 2
a x2 + C
arcsin +
2
a
2

p
a2 y 2 a + y

a2 y 2 dy a

a/2

ydy

a/2

a
x
y2
a
a
arcsin
a(a a/2) +
2
a a/2
2 a/2


2
2
a
a
a2
a2
a
3

+0
+

2 2
6
8
2
2
8
a2
a2
( 3 + 1)
6
8

9.10. D = D1 D2 ,
D1 = {(x, y) : 0 x a/2, x2 /a y 2a}, D2 = {(x, y) : a/2 x a, x2 /a y a2 /x}
Z a2 /x
Z a
Z 2a
Z a/2
23 2
dy = =
dx
dy +
dx
P =
a + a2 ln 2
24
x2 /a
a/2
x2 /a
0

y 2 + b2
y 2 + a2
a+b
=
sledi
x=
, y = ab
2b
2a
2
ZZ
n
o

y 2 + b2
y 2 + a2
P =2
dxdy, D = 0 y ab, x1 x x2 , x1 =
, x2 =
2b
2a
D


Z x2
Z ab  2
Z ab

y + b2
y 2 + a2
2
dy
dx = 2
P =2

dy = = (a b) ab
2b
2a
3
0
x1
0

9.11.

Iz

9.12. x = cos , y = sin

K1 : (x a)2 + y 2 = a2 , x2 2ax + y 2 = 0, x2 + y 2 = 2ax, r2 = 2ar cos , r = 2a cos
K2 : x2 + (y a)2 = a2 , x2 2ay + y 2 = 0, x2 + y 2 = 2ay, r2 = 2ar sin , r = 2a sin

/4

d +

2a2

/2

/4

sin2 d + 2a2

2a cos

/4

2a sin

/2

cos2 d

/4





1
1
2
2
= a

+a
4
2
4
2


= a2
1
2

9.13. D = {(x, y) : x2 +y2 ax, x2 +y2 2ax},

P

/2

/2

2a cos

2a cos

2
d
a cos

a cos

x = cos , y = sin , [a cos , 2a cos ]

3a2

/2

cos2 d

0
2

3a

3 2
a
4

/2

9.14. x = cos , y = sin ,

J =

G : , 0 2 cos
4
4
ZZ
ZZ
P (D) =
dxdy =
dd
D

P (D) = 2

P (D) = 4

/4

2 cos

d = 2

0
/4

cos2 d =

9.15. P (D) =
u=

x y
+ ,
a
b

ZZ

dxdy

v=

x y

a
b

2
2 cos

4 2 0

+1
2

ab
2
Z 1 Z u
Z
ab 1
ab
du
dv =
(u u2 )du
P (D) =
2 0
2 0
u2
G : v = u2 , v = u,

J =

1 + cos 2
d
2

P (D) =

ab 1
ab
=
2 6
12

9.16. zx0 = 2x,

P =

zy0 = 2y,

1 + zx02 + zy02 = 1 + 4x2 + 4y 2

ZZ p

1 + 4x2 + 4y 2 dxdy

x = cos , y = sin , J = , 1 + 4x2 + 4y 2 = 1 + 42

Z 1p
Z 2
1 + 42 d
d
P =
0

P =

3/2
(5 1)
6

9.17. z =

p
a2 x2 y 2 ,

D : (x a/2)2 + y 2 = a2 /4

y
x
, zy0 = p
zx0 = p
a2 x2 y 2
a2 x2 y 2
ZZ q
ZZ
adxdy
p
P =2
1 + zx02 + zy02 dxdy = 2
2 x2 y 2
a
D
D
x = cos , y = sin
G : = a cos , [0, /2]
Z /2 Z a cos
ad
p
d
P =2
a 2 2
0
0
Z /2
2
(1 sin )d = ( 2)a2
P = 2a
0

9.18. z =

p
x2 + y 2 , D : x2 + y 2 2ax, D : (x a)2 + y 2 a2
x

zx02 = p

x2 + y 2
P

y
zy02 = p
,
2
x + y2

ZZ

1 + zx02 + zy02 =

2dxdy

Z
2 2

/2

/2

Z
4 2

Z
2 2

/2

0
/2

2a cos

1 2
2a cos

d
2
0
4a2 cos2 d

Z /2
2
= 4a 2
(1 + cos 2)d

0
2
1
/2
= 4 2a + sin 2
2
0
2
= 2 2a .