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ISBN: 978-960-9407-09-0
SET: 978-960-9407-12-0


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A-D

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1
A-D

2009


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A-D

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A-D

:
, &

2009

THE RED DATA BOOK


OF RARE AND THREATENED
PLANTS OF GREECE

VOLUME ONE
A-D

Edited by
Dimitrios Phitos, Theophanis Constantinidis & Georgia Kamari

Assisted by Pepy Bareka

HELLENIC CAL SOCIETY

PATRAS 2009

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XVII

FOREWORD

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STQEAMDSHEVERSEQMVAXNFKIFE-TCHNFVHASVEOQEREMSKXSHIMJAMDTMSHIMJIMGKXFEEKHAR
QRSBEEMSHNTGHS SATGHSAMDVQISSEMBXAFEVIMCQEDIBKXOQNFNTMDAMDILAGIMASIUEOENOKEIM
AMCIEMS'QEECE%TQNOE A'QEEJVNQD LEAMRFAQ RIGHSED AMDFAQ RIGHSEDIMDEEDSHEXVEQE
%TQNOEARALXSHICAKOEQRNM A0HNEMICIAMOQIMCERRFQNLCNARSAK,EBAMNM VARABDTCSEDFQNL
HEQ MASIUE RHNQE ILONQSED SN %TQNOE AMD EECSIUEKX REDTCED BX SHE RSIKK XNTSHFTK :ETR VHN
RIQEDHEQSHQEERNMRSHEFNTMDEQJIMGRNF(EKKEMIC#QESE NTQROIQISTAKIFMNSGEMESICFNQEFASHEQR
3N FAQ FNQ AMCIEMS LXSHNKNGX "TS DNER SHIR XNT LIGHS ARJ HAUE AMX BEAQIMG NM A BNNJ
DEAKIMGVISHQAQEAMDSHQEASEMEDOKAMSR7EKK OEQHAORISDNER'EMITR )SEMDSNBEKIEUE VAR
NLMIOQEREMSIMLAMJIMDIMACQXOSICRSASE BTSISMEEDEDSHEOAQSICTKAQ TMIPTECNMDISINMRNF
SHE AMCIEMS 'QEEJ HNLEKAMDR SN RTQFACE AMD EWOKNDE 4HE RNCIAK AMD CTKSTQAK ALBIEMCE SHEM
OQEUAIKIMGIMSHECNARSKAMDRAMDIRKAMDRNFSHE%ARS-EDISEQQAMEAMLTRSBEREEMARELBEDDED
IM AMDCNMDISINMEDBX SHEEWCISIMGKXLAMIFNKDMASTQAK OHXRICAKAMDBINKNGICAKEMUIQNMLEMSNF
SHNRECNTMSQIER4HEABQTOSAKSEQMASINMNFKAMDAMDREA OKAIMRAMDLNTMSAIMR DQXRTLLEQRAMD
VESVIMSEQRIRARSQNMGRSILTKAMSSNSHEHTLAMLIMD ARSHNREVHNHAUEKIUEDISVIKKJMNV/ME
HARSNSQAUEKARFAQAR3NTSH!FQICAAMD7ERS!TRSQAKIASHEMNTSNFQEACHAMDTMHEAQDNF SNMD
REARNMAKEWOKNRINMRNFRCEMSAMDCNKNTQSHASAQECNLOAQABKESNSHNRENF(EKKAR
-XRTQLIRE SHEM IRSHASSHEMASTQENF'QEECE SHEGQEASUAQIESXAMDNQIGIMAKISXNFISRFATMA
AMDNQA IRARLTCHOAQSNFNTQCTKSTQAKOASQILNMXARAQESHASCNTMSQXaRAMCIEMSSEWSR LNMT
LEMSRAMDAQSEFACSR!MDIMDEED ARIFSNRTOONQSSHIRARRTLOSINM 'QEECEIREWCEEDIMGKXQICHIM
TMIPTEOKAMSR ROECIERSHASAQEFNTMDNMKXHEQEAMDMNVHEQEEKREIMSHEVNQKD%MDELICR VECAKK
SHELALNMGBINKNGIRSR AMDISIRGEMEQAKKXQECNGMIREDSHASSHEXAQEOAQSICTKAQKXUAKTABKE OAQSKX
BECATRELAMXAQEQAQE FNTMDNMKXIMSIMX RCASSEQEDNQTMIPTEKNCAKISIER AMDLNQEILONQSAMSKX
BECATRENFSHEFACSSHASNMCEKNRS BEISNMOTQONRENQBXACCIDEMS SHEXAQEIQQESQIEUABKXGNME
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SHASHARKNRSMNSHIMGRIMCENFISRTQGEMCX
/FAKKSHECNTMSQIERNF%TQNOE 'QEECEIRSHASVHICHHNRSRBXFAQSHEKAQGERSMTLBEQNFEM
DELIC ROECIER !LNMG ISR ABNTS  ROECIER NF HIGHEQ OKAMSR AM ERSILASED  AQE FNTMD
MNVHEQENTSRIDESHECNTMSQXaRONKISICAKBNTMDAQIERAKLNRSNMENTSNFEIGHS3OAIMEWCKTDIMG
SHE#AMAQX)RKAMDR CNLERRECNMD VISHEMDELICROECIER^BTSSHEM 3OAIMaRRTQFACEAQEAIR
AKLNRSFNTQSILERKAQGEQSHAMSHASNF'QEECE4HEREAQEOQNUIRINMAKERSILASERMNSEWACSGTQER
ARMEVROECIERAQEDIRCNUEQEDAKLNRSBXSHEDAX BTSNMSHENSHEQHAMD RNLENFSHEEMDELIC
CNMSIMGEMSAQEFNTMDEKREVHEQEAMDCEARESNBEEMDELIC/MBAKAMCE BXAMDKAQGE MNSHIMG
LTCHVIKKCHAMGE
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XVIII

FNQAMXCNTMSQX AMDCEQSAIMKXFNQ'QEECE7HEM)VARAXNTMGLAM ASASILEVHEMADUNCASER


NFCNMREQUASINMRSIKKVEQEGHSIMGAGAIMRSVIMDLIKKR )RSQNMGKXUNICEDLXCNMCEQMFNQLNQEAMD
BESSEQJMNVKEDGEARAOQEQEPTIRISENFAMXRNTMDKXBAREDCNMREQUASINMONKICX RSQERRIMGSHEMEED
SNJMNVVHAS VHEQE VHXAMDHNVSNOQNSECSOKAMSRAMDAMILAKRASQIRJIMAMEECSIUEVAX/ME
SHIQDNFACEMSTQXKASEQ LTCHHARBEEMACHIEUEDBTSLNQEQELAIMRSNBEDNME4HEIMUERSIGASINM
NFNTQNQAAMDFATMAIROQNGQERRIMGRSEADIKXBTSIRRSIKKFAQFQNLRTCIEMS4HEQACEAGAIMRSSHE
SICJIMGCKNCJNFDERSQTCSINMAMDDEKESEQINTRCHAMGEGNERNM FNQTRRCIEMSIRSRAMDSHEOQACSICAK
CNMREQUASINMIRSRAKIJE
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SHEOARSDECADERVHIKEQEUEAKIMGSNSHECQISICAKQEADEQSHELAGMISTDENFSHESARJAHEAD&IEEM
XEAQR AGN A RILIKAQ BNNJ VISH IDEMSICAK SISKE VAR OTBKIRHED DEAKIMG VISH AM NMKX LAQGIMAKKX
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EMSQIERIMSHEOQEREMSBNNJ KERRSHAMAQETODASERFQNLISRFNQEQTMMEQAMDFNQNFSHEL
SHEMALEHARBEEMCHAMGED SHENSHEQRAQECNLOKESEKXMEV"XCNMREPTEMCE VHEMTRIMGBNSH
BNNJRRIDEBXRIDE NMEMDRIMFNQLASINMNMNUEQDIEQEMS'QEEJOKAMSR NQAKLNRSNF
SHECNTMSQXaRSNSAKNQA
3SASIRSICRAQEASELOSIMGRTBECSBTSSHEXAQEMNSSHEERREMSIAK7HEMVEKCNLIMGSHIRBNNJ
AMDCNLLEMDIMGISSNISRQEADEQRHIO )FEEKSHQIKKEDBXSHEACHIEUELEMSISQEOQEREMSR ILOQERRED
BXSHEALNTMSNFMEVIMFNQLASINMISIMCKTDER AMDHAOOXASSHERIGHSNFRNLAMXFARCIMASIMG
ROECIER RNLE FALIKIAQ RNLE MEUEQ REEM BEFNQE -X LAIM QEARNM FNQ CNMSEMSLEMS HNVEUEQ
IRSHEEWSEMSSNVHICHISIRBAREDNMSHEVNQJNFKNCAKBNSAMIRSR.NSNMKXAQEAKKSHQEEUNKTLE
EDISNQRAMDATSHNQRNFARTBRSAMSIAKRHAQENFSHESEWS 'QEEJMASINMAKRAMDQERIDEMSREUEMLNQE
ILONQSAMSKX AKKBTSNFSHECNMSQIBTSIMGATSHNQRAQE'QEEJ.N )ALMNSGNIMGSNDEFEMD
OAQNCHIAKIMSEQERSRHEQE MNQAL)RTOONQSIMGMASINMAKIRSICASSISTDER7HAS)DNVIRHSNEWOQERR
IRLXCNMUICSINMNFKNMGRSAMDIMG SHASCNMREQUASINMAVAQEMERR SNXIEKDONRISIUEQERTKSR LTRS
CNLE FQNL VISHIM /Q SN PTNSE FQNL A OAOEQ ) VQNSE  XEAQR AGN b#NMREQUASINM ACSIUISIER
LTRSAKVAXRHAUESHEIQQNNSRIMSHECNTMSQXCNMCEQMED LTRSBERTOONQSEDAMDCAQQIEDNTSBX
ISRIMHABISAMSR0ENOKEFQNLNSHEQCNTMSQIERCAMRNLESILERHEKOVISHADUICEBAREDNMSHEIQNVM
EWOEQIEMCEBTSSHEXLTRSBECAQEFTKMNSSNGIUESHEILOQERRINMSHASCNMREQUASINM QASHEQSHAM
CNQQERONMDIMGSNAUISAKMEEDNFSHECNTMSQXISREKF IRACHICAMEILONQSEDFQNLABQNADc
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MERR ONKISICAKGNNDVIKKAMDSHEAUAIKABIKISXNFLEAMR BTSAKRN AMDLAXBELNRSBARICAKKX NM
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XIX

XX

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25

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z{mnoGKNBAKONOTKASINM 
gz{ggtozgqsthh{to m~qmtoqtobz{mnocjkshq|kgkz{qmgqtsgkmstqtnmmm)5#. |oqpk|tzms|g{kqmoq}pmkmht{ti|
sst to jk }o|s gps zto ksg zt{ gztg|qosk gzttspsk kgr
to khgnttkmgsg{{giiksk|to{|tsgksggjsgm tstnm|gs ig
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oz| kzo~kgskomksstsgtoigmgst{ikqt 
gz{ggtozgqsthh{to m~qmtoqtoboztz{mnoczgqgsk~kjsk
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}o|sgpstojtokjto ttztkgs|gztqksgk}gsltsggztg|qoskkgrtoksgskoqikpiqg}|~qt zpz~tjtqt ksttjksksgksk{
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26


gspqpzsg|g~k{m}nk gott gzt||sth{tm{pqjgmzqtosjm| 

27

tztg|gg{ghskggztSAWNM krgqtospspszkqzkpszkqz{smmUAGQAMCX 
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tikntmtztnkgkrgqggzmszkqt~zto|g{zktzgqitsgztogzk{k
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kzmqklkg gz zkqkqto to ks gzk{m|t zgqitsk m tztnkg ng zqzk sg
tqlkg{ghstsgozmmszkqkqtk{timthgqgzk{

28

gpf{lfrzl
gtgs|
toktvo|tqgqm
gskztqm
kp}spt

q{|kt
% LAIKAUQAL MHLCTNCGQ

fzjilsrs
itopsstokt{ito 
t{gqi
% LAIKDINMUARR NSEMESGQ
i{lorfrrs
ggtztsg|gg~kqm
vo|tkqh{{tst
qg
t~{qg |qt~pqto
qg
% LAIKJUIDAJIR GLAIKCNL

zyplrrl
g{sm
q{|kt
LAIKAKIBEQSAMS GLAIKCNL

frr{syps
v{tnmqg
qg
LAIKKALOQGIAM XAHNNGQ

ripysnzsfzs
tg|t{tig|ggrst|
gt{tig
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nsg
% LAIKOAMDQINO BINKTNAGQ

jophiljiops
tgt{tigvos
gt{tig
gskztgqs
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% LAIKGENQGIAD TOASQARGQ

pfrssnfphfpf
tg|t{tig|ggrst|
gt{tig
ns|gztjqg|gstnmss
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% LAIKLAQIAMNT BINKTNAGQ

jophsnnp{s
tgtgs|
gt{tig
ns|gztjqg|gstnmss
nsg
% LAIKJGENQGHI BINKTNAGQ

pjzplf
qigqttgs|
tgt{tigvos
gt{tig
gskztgqs
qg
% LAIKAQSEKAQI TOASQARGQ
|spif{jphs
qqg|g
i|{gt

jophsnnpfrf
qigqttgs|
tgt{tigvos
gt{tig
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% LAIKNGENQGIN TOASQARGQ

fzzfrsnprl
tgs|ztto{g
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gjq
% LAIKUAKLAQIKI GLAIKCNL

frrfpsps
tg|t{tig|ggrst|
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nsg
% LAIKAXAMMIS BINKTNAGQ



ffr{l}zl
gtgs|
toktvo|tqgqm
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q{|kt
% LAIKDALAM MHLCTNCGQ

rsf
tgtgs|
gt{tig
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% LAIKCSHAMNR BINKTNAGQ

jzlypsnlrjzyl
tgtgs|
gt{tig
ns|gztjqg|gstnmss
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% LAIKOIMDEK BINKTNAGQ

jsiopysnzsorfrrs
qigqtg|tgs|^kphtgs|
~t{gt{tigvo|tkqh{{tst
qt{ktgskztks|m
kg{ts|m
% LAIKJSHENDNQ FNQATSHGQ

llpzzsjphs
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% LAIKDILISQG TOASQARGQ

n{l{s
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% LAIKSHXLAJIR AGQNAQSIRSICNCNL

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qigqt|t{tig
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% LAIKODILNOTK CCTNIGQ
zjnmjpisnzrl
qigqtg|tgs|^kphtgs|
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% LAIKEEKEHE FNQATSHGQ
h{plyps
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% LAIKDARKILMI NSEMESGQ
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% LAIKQICNRSH ATAGQ

ofrril{zfs
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q{|kt
% LAIKMINAM MHLCTNCGQ
ofrrisnnisqf
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gt{tig
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% LAIKEINAMMI BINKTNAGQ
fhfy{lrrf
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toktvo|tqgqm
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q{|kt
% LAIKAMMA?J EDTBINKNGXTNCGQ
fzshjpysnzspo{ps
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% LAIKOHAQLEJ NSEMESGQ
fzysnk{lzjnmps
tgvgqg|tispg
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% LAIKEKJAKO OHAQLTNAGQ



fzyszs
tgtgs|
gt{tig
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% LAIKAOJAKSRIR BINKTNAGQ
fpljophf
qigqttgs|
tgt{tigvos
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% LAIKJALAQI TOASQARGQ
fpfhfrrf{isnfz{
qigqtomg|tgs|
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gt{tig
qt{ktgskztks|m
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% LAIKUJAQAG BINKATSHGQ
fpfhrrlfz{
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smqpmtohto

qit {k}g{ts
% LAIKUARNJAQAG TOASQARGQ
fpfyzrljs|rl
tg|t{tig|ggrst|
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ns|gztjqg|gstnmss
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% LAIKSHJAQALOKIAMIR GLAIKCNL
fpsjphs
ns|jqogiqt|qkosg
sttktikg|s
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k~st{tigg|sqtsps
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% LAIKJAGE FQIAGQ
fpssnjhhrf
qigqtomg|tgs|
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gt{tig

qt{ktgskztks|m
kg{ts|m
% LAIKJAQNTRNT BINATSHGQ
fpifrrs
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gskztgqs
gqg
% LAIKJAQXDAR TOASQARGQ
fsrl{l
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% LAIKLTRCI NSEMESGQ
s{{rlzzf
qigqtomg|tgs|
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gt{tig
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% LAIKJNJJIMI BINATSHGQ
s{snms
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% LAIKJNJLNSNR IMGQ
fzlzrl
ns|skp
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% LAIKEJNSAKI BINATSHGQ
snyz sgfrkjsr
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% LAIKKJNTLBKI BINKTNAGQ
snsgszsnfjprf
tgtgs|
gt{tig
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% LAIKJJNTSRNU BINKTNAGQ



ph{f{zfs
qigqtomg|tgs|
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gt{tig
qt{ktgskztks|m
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% LAIKMJQIGAR BINATSHGQ

'EQLAMX
% LAIKWXRSQAJIRFNSIR VAKDBATTMI FQEIBTQGDE

nypo{lf}fpf
qigqtomg|tgs|
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q{|kt
% LAIKJXOQINS RSEGSEIHEQGQ

frffpf
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% LAIKLOAMISRA CCTNIGQ

npf{ysnzsfpzfys
qigqttgs|
tgt{tigvos
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% LAIKHAJXQI XAHNNGQ
orfrriljs|rl
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ns|gztjqg|gstnmss
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% LAIKCNMRSGQ BINKTNAGQ
yfkorrl
tg|t{tig|ggrst|
gt{tig
ns|gztjqg|gstnmss
nsg
% LAIKIBAYNR BINKTNAGQ
yfp{fyl
qigqttgs|
tgt{tigvos
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% LAIKBAQEJA TOASQARGQ
np{lus
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$ &QEIBTQGI"Q

{srsisnf
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LAIKOAO RTJ NSEMESGQ

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tgt{tigvos
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% LAIKEUAOAO TOASQARGQ
fpf{jnysnzsnhhjzs
gqg||m
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zzlfpmjryl
ns|jqogiqt|qkosg
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% LAIKJGEGGB NSEMESGQQAKKIO AGQNATSHGQ
ffplps
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$ &QEIBTQGI"Q
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% LAIKDILISQINRRALAQAR VAKDBATTMI FQEIBTQGDE
ffpzs
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% LAIKRSEKRAL HNSLAIKCNL



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% LAIKLRAQIJA BINKTNAGQ
nprfz{
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gt{tig
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% LAIKURLXQMI BINKTNAGQ
fnpysnzs{zfs
olgsto
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% LAIKMRSAUQ NSEMESGQ
j|fr{lrfff
qigqtomg|tgs|
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gt{tig
qt{ktgskztks|m
kg{ts|m
% LAIKDIAMI BINATSHGQ
nzzhr{lorrl
isgg
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kg{ts|m
% LAIKRUBBN IALAGQ
kfrsni{llpl
qigqttgs|
tgt{tigvos
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gskztgqs
qg
% LAIKSYAMNXD TOASQARGQ
lrf{sphnp
qigqttgs|
tgt{tigvos
gt{tig
gskztgqs
qg
% LAIKSIMIAJNT TOASQARGQ
ph{ffrfhl
ns|jqogiqt|qkosg
sttktikg|s
g|s|tomps

k~st{tigg|sqtsps
qg{|st
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% LAIKSQIGAR FQIAGQSQIGAROAM XAHNNGQ
ph{snfpgpf
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nsg
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f{plnisqf
qigqtomg|tgs|
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gt{tig
qt{ktgskztks|m
kg{ts|m
% LAIKSRAJIQI BINATSHGQ
gjz{fmfrs
g|kjtst~ps
kg{ts|m
% LAIKSRIUEK AGQNATSHGQ
pyilorrl
qigqtomg|tgs|
votikpiqg}g
gt{tig
qt{ktgskztks|m
kg{ts|m
% LAIKSRIQIOID BINATSHGQ
|ynpior
qigqtomg|tgs|
votikpiqg}g
gt{tig
qt{ktgskztks|m
kg{ts|m
% LAIKRSRIRI BINATSHGQ
usslps
qigqttgs|
tgt{tigvos
gt{tig
gskztgqs
qg
% LAIKDOHISNR TOASQARGQ
usnprfp{lprf
ktikg|iqtst|sttgsps
gs
% LAIKNQA LAICHGQ



frzisn|l
qigqtomg|tgs|
|gvotikpiqg}g
gt{tig
qt{ktgskztks|m
kg{ts|m
% LAIKCHAMKIDT BINATSHGQ
sjiops
tqgtok{topgsssps
psssg
% LAIKYNECHISNT GLAIKCNL
!JMBIDDJ3MK
!RHFTQKNMG#KNRE
$NQE
3HEEKD3..
5+
% LAIK4BKNCJEEK ANKCNL
!GJHLF-HDJQ
2LEQRSEIMRSQ
$ +IQCHHEIL4ECJ
'EQLAMX
% LAIKMBNEHKIMG NQA WDE
!MWBD/DRDP
-AKERIAMA4QNOICAKR
,EUEK
4TM*TGAH4NVEQ .N
*AKAM4TMJT!BDTK2AHLAM
+TCHIMG
3AQAVAJ -AKAXRIA
% LAIKBNSAMIRS LAKERIAMACNL
#MWJD4JPHID
3ACHUEQRSMDIGEMQASFQ5LVEKSFQAGEM325
'ERCHRRSEKKE
,TIREMRSQ
$ "EQKIM
'EQLAMX
% LAIKTKQIJEDNXKE TLVEKSQASDE
&PDSRDP6DPLDP
"NSAMIRCHEQ'AQSEMTMD"NSAMIRCHER-TRETL
"EQKIM $AHKEL
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$ "EQKIM
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$IOAQSILEMSNDI3CIEMYE"NSAMICHE
5MIUEQRISDEGKI3STDIDI0AKEQLN
UIA,IMCNKM 
0AKEQLN
)SAKX
% LAIKVGQETSEQ BGBLNQG
*JDHLQRDSADP LCPD@Q
7EIDNQMVEG
$ +AQKRQTHE
'EQLAMX
% LAIKJKEIMRSETBEQ BNNJR JABEKBVDE
+@LQCMUL1HBG@PC
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3SQNTD
'KNTCERSEQRHIQE',31
5+
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/@NN!D@R@
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0/"NW
"TDAOERS
(TMGAQX
% LAIKOAOOBEA BNSMHLTRHT
/DPQQML*@PHL
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% LAIKJAQIMOEQRRNM UGQEGINMRE
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$ "EQKIM
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% LAIKSQATR BGBLNQG
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% LAIKQIRSNV TMI ONSRDALDE


2BGSJDP LCPD@Q
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2LMFDPSN!PHRR
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3 ,TMD
% LAIK"QISS3MNGEQTO BNSLTRKTRE

2LMFDPSN2TDL
"NSAMICAK-TRETL
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6AKKGASAM
3 ,TMD
% LAIK3UEM3MNGEQTO BNSLTRKTRE
3SPJ@LC-HBGMJ@Q
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0/"NW
3S,NTIR -/ 
53!
% LAIKMICHNKARSTQKAMD LNBNSNQG



vv
vv

Acantholimon aeGaeUm&+-EXEQ 

AstraGalUsaGraniotii/QOHEW"NIRR127

Achillea occUlta#NMRSAMSIM+AKONTSY 

AstraGalUsdrUpaceUs/QOHEW"NIRR

Adoniscyllenea"NIRR (EKDQ/QOH 

AstraGalUslaconicUs)ASQN+IS4AM

AeGilopsspeltoides4ATRCH
UAQliGUstica3AUIGM &INQI 

AstraGalUsmaniaticUs+IS4AM3SQID
AsyneUmaGiGanteUm"NIRR "NQML

AethionemacarlsberGii3SQID0AOAM 

Athamantaarachnoidea"NIRR/QOH

AethionemaorbicUlatUm"NIRR (AXEJ 51

AUbrietaerUbescens'QIREB

Aethionemaretsina0HISNR3MNGEQTO 

BelleValiabreVipedicellata4TQQIKK

AJUGapiskoi$EGEM"AKD 56

BelleValiaedirnensisYHASAX"-ASHEV

AJUGapyramidalis, 58

BelleValiasitiaca+XOQ4YAMNTD150

Alkannasartoriana"NIRR(EKDQ 60

Biebersteiniaorphanidis"NIRR152

AlliUmplatakisii4YAMNTD+XOQ 

BolanthUscreUtZbUrGii'QETSEQ155

AlliUmrUnemarkii4QIGAR4YAMNTD 66

BonanniaGraeca, (AKCRX157

AlliUmsamothracicUm4YAMNTD
3SQID+IS4AM 68

UpleUrUmaira3MNGEQTO
BUpleUrUmcapillare"NIRR(EKDQ161

AlnUsincana, -NEMCHRTBROincana 70

BUpleUrUmkakiskalae'QETSEQ

Althenialiformis0ESIS 72
AlyssUmfraGillimUm"AKD 2ECHF 

BUxbaUmiaViridis-NTGEW,AL$#
"QIDEW-NTG.ERSK166

AlyssUmidaeUm"NIRR(EKDQ 76

CallitrichepUlchra3CHNSRL

AlyssUmlassiticUm(AKCRX 78

CampanUlaaiZoides:AQAMEW'QETSEQ172

AlyssUmsphacioticUm"NIRR(EKDQ 81

CampanUlaasperUloides
"NIRR/QOH %MGKEQ175

AlyssUmteniUm(AKCRX 

CampanUlaGarGanica4EMRTBROacarnanica
$ALBNKDS $ALBNKDS177

AnchUsasamothracica"IGAYYI3EKUI 87
Anthemiscretica,RTBROsibthorpii
'QIREB 'NUAEQSR 

CampanUlaGarGanica4EMRTBROcephallenica
&EEQ (AXEJ

AnthemisGlaberrima2ECHF 'QETSEQ 

CampanUlahierapetrae2ECHF

Anthemismacedonica"NIRR/QOH
RTBROorbelica0AMI /BEQOQ'QETSEQ 

CampanUlamerxmUelleri0HISNR185

Anthemissamariensis4TQKAMD 

CampanUlapanGea(AQSUIG187

AQUileGianiGricans"ATLG 

CampanUlapapillosa(AKCRX

ArabisprocUrrens7AKDRS+IS101

CampanUlareiseri(AKCRX

ArenarialeUcadia0HISNR3SQID
Armeriajohnsenii0AOAM+NJJIMI105

CampanUlasamothracica$EGEM 'QETSEQ
"TQDESRTBROsamothracica 

ArUmcyrenaicUm(QTBX107

CampanUlasaxatilis,RTBROsaxatilis 

ArUmpUrpUreospathUm0#"NXCE
AsperUlabaenitZii(EKDQEW"NIRR111

CentaUreaachaia"NIRR(EKDQ
RTBROcorinthiaca"NIRR(EKDQ 0HISNR
4'ENQGIADIR200

AsperUlabrachyphylla4QIGAR)ASQN

CentaUreaaetolica0HISNR4'ENQGIADIR

AsperUlaelonea)ASQN4'ENQGIADIR116

CentaUreaarGentea,RTBROarGentea 205

AsperUlamaleVonensis%HQEMD
3CHMBECJ 4ELERX118

CentaUreaarGentea,RTBROchionantha
4TQKAMD,#HIKSNM 'QETSEQ207

AsperUlanaUfraGa%HQEMD'TSEQL120

CentaUreaathoa$#RTBROathoa

AsperUlasaxicola%HQEMD

CentaUreaattica.XLAMRTBROmeGarensis
(AKCRX(AXEJ $NRSK211

AspleniUmcreticUm,NUIR 2EICHRS:AQAM125



CentaUreacharrelii(AKCRX$Q216

ColchicUmsoboliferUm
&IRCH#!-EX 3SEF

CentaUreacithaeronea0HISNR#NMRSAMSIM218

ColchicUmsteVenii+TMSH

CentaUreaheldreichii(AKCRX220

Consolidaarenaria#AQKRSQL

CentaUrealancifolia3IEBEQEW3OQEMG222

ConsolidabreVicornis6IR 3N

CentaUrealeonidia+AKONTSY#NMRSAMSIM

ConsolidatenUissima3L 3N

CentaUrealitochorea4'ENQGIADIR0HISNR227

ConsolidatUntasiana(AKCRX 3N

CentaUreamessenicolasiana4'ENQGIADIR
'$ILISQEKKNR2NTSRI

ConVolVUlUs mairei-AIQE0ESISL
Coriariamyrtifolia,

CentaUreaniederi(EKDQ

Corydalis thasia3SN+ISAM 3SN+ISAM

CentaUreapaxorUm0HISNR4'ENQGIADIR

CrepisarcUata+ALAQI3SQID

CentaUreapeUcedanifolia"NIRR/QOH

Crepisathoa"NIRR

CentaUreapocUlatoris'QETSEQ

CrepisaUricUlifolia3IEBEQEW3OQEMG

CentaUreacarystea4QIGAR#NMRSAMSIM

CentaUreaprinceps"NIRR(EKDQ

Crepisheldreichiana+TMSYE 'QETSEQ

CentaUreapseUdocadmea7AGEMISY

CrepismerxmUelleri+ALAQI(AQSUIG

CentaUreapUmilio,

Crepissibthorpiana"NIRR(EKDQ

CentaUrearechinGeri0HISNR251

CrocUsrobertianUs#"QICJEKK

CentaUreasUbciliaris"NIRR(EKDQ
RTBROacarnanica-ASSHR

CrocUsspeciosUs-"IEBRTBROspeciosUs

CentranthUssieberi(EKDQ256

CrUciatataUrica0AKKAREW7IKKD %HQEMD
RTBROeUboea%HQEMD %HQEMD

CephalantheracUcUllata"NIRR(EKDQ258

CUscUtaatrans&EIMBQTM

CephalariasQUamiora3IEBEQ 'QETSEQ261

CyanUsbaldaccii"AKD (NKTB

CerastiUmdominici&AUAQGEQ

Cynaracyrenaica-AIQE7EIKKEQ

CerastiUmillyricUm!QDRTBROcrinitUm
,NMRIMG 0$3EKK7HISEHEAD265

CynoGlossUmsphacioticUm"NIRR(EKDQ
DactylorhiZaincarnata, 3N

CerastiUmrUnemarkii-RCHK2ECHF268

DactylorhiZamacedonica*(KY+MJEKE

ChaerophyllUm creticUm"NIRR(EKDQ270

DactylorhiZapythaGorae'KY(22EIMHAQD

CicUtaVirosa,272

Datiscacannabina,

Clematiselisabethae-carolae'QETSEQ

DianthUsarpadianUs!DE"NQML

ColchicUmasteranthUm6ARRIKIAD+0EQRR277
ColchicUmbUrttii-EIJKE280

DianthUshaematocalyx"NIRR(EKDQ
RTBROphitosianUs#NMRSAMSIM

ColchicUmchimonanthUm+0EQRR282

DianthUsinGoldbyi4TQQIKK

ColchicUmeUboeUm"NIRR +0EQRR

DianthUsjUniperinUs3L
RTBROkaVUsicUs4TQKAMD

ColchicUmlinGUlatUm"NIRR3OQTMEQ
RTBROlinGUlatUm286
ColchicUmparnassicUm
3AQSNQI /QOH(EKDQ288
ColchicUmpeloponnesiacUm2ECHF
0($AUIR
ColchicUmpsaridis(EKDQEW(AKCRX
ColchicUmpUlchellUm+0EQRR
ColchicUmraUsii+0EQRR

DianthUsxylorrhiZUs"NIRR(EKDQ
Drabalaconica3SEUAMNUI+IS4AM
DrabanUda"K !K 3HEHBAY-+NCH
Drabastrasseri'QETSEQ
DroserarotUndifolia,
Dryasoctopetala,
Drymocallishalacsyana$EGEM
+TQSSN3SQID



Acantholimon aegaeum F. K. Meyer

54

Plumbaginaceae
Acantholimon aegaeum F. K. Meyer in Haussknechtia 3: 38 (1987).
3ys ;{{ E t t= b#HINRc PaUli 
{ozt*% 

zngsjmtoqinm|gskrggmh|mm |oqp
knkkghgn ghkt{n|jg}totoi|k|qsk zqtk htzto zkqtqltos t kjt
k|qstggpsqsgzgzqtgsg}kqnsgqm ksk|kgskzkqt~kk|knkstghk{ntozq~tossttqtq|mmtot
qt qt t kjt ostjkkg gz g Silene UrVillei
PetrorhaGia armerioides VincetoxicUm canescens RTBRO
pedUncUlatUm AsyneUma VirGatUm RTBRO cichoriiforme
Stipa holusericea &estUca jeanperti|ggq|kjk|jk
gz |tskqg kjm zto }tsg k ghkt{n| zkqt~

nrrnf Acantholimon UlicinUm 7IKKD EW 3CHTKSER


"NIRRIM$#REMRT"NJHAQI%DLNMDRNMIM&K4TQ
  |g$NAM!JAXDIM 
A echinUs , "TMGE REMRT 2ECHIMGEQ F IM &KNQA
!EGAEAA 
jphpf|t{ok ozginst kzqt|k}g{tq}t~g g|gsnjkh{gt|gzo|s}{{g
kgq }{{g |g gg zkqgsnto {ko| {ip m
zgqrm |qs }gq|s gztzksps {kzps snt}qt h{gt |to    CL gz{t hqg~pjg|{gjlkstgrgsnkv{{g   W
   LL iqgtkj {ti~tkj k gh{kg hm zto
~kjszkqh{{ktsh{g q~gpk{g}qq~p ~kjsi{go| k{kz|ggqgtjspm|g
|{mq g|gsntkjgz{mrmqg}{{gmstrm
z{gkqg|g{kzkqggzgotonqtogrgsng
k hqg~ {k~t g|qkqm p |g  CL ps }{{ps ksgjtj~to~k|to  
LL ~tsgt|gnsgpgqgg~jgq|g
z{g g|jp zqsg zkq|{ktsgkq|gsnm
{o|g LL oz{ko|t khqgsjm kg{g|q~pgtsp{sg|gkoqkg ~tgstkjgz{mrm
|qgkkqonqskqg gtztgjks|gg{itosg
g|gssg tjtsp zkqnqg g{g k{g}q p
ksspqjsg hqg~poskspsgmhmto k
g|qso~gtsk kz{gosksmhm zqtgqmsmhkpszk{ps{tgqz|g
ztozkq~ksgzqg|gzkq|{kkgts|{o|g

fqrs{}zfg}otoAcantholimon aeGaeUm
zkq{ghstsgs gq~| g kjm A echinUs , "TMGE
|g A UlicinUm 7IKKDEW3CHTKSER "NIRR O -EXEQ
tzkqiqgkpjgkqtkjtkggsgnkqmmps
koqpzg|s SAWA to isto Acantholimon sg gqn gz kstzk |g tq}t{ti| jg|q tq}
gz ms sgt{g ~tos zq}gg gsgispqnk t
kzzkjt to kjto gz to $NAM  !JAXDIM 
ttzttosgsgkqgzzqtmitkskjmtkktoz{mkqtoiiksktoA aeGaeUm
ksg~pqg}ht{ggtjggzkjmm|g
sgt{g zto gs|tos ms RTBRECS Caryophyllacea
ozkq{ghskkjmzptA phryGiUm"NIRRgz
N -AMIRA $A |ts ms qsm |g g A acerosUm
7IKKD "NIRR|gA diVersifoliUm3CHVAQY-EXEQgz

posof{fpmispt
jpsisfrms|spfztstptstst k
msgr|gqzgsgzgqgsk~qts|hqt
johpf|{ jqyzol sg ksjm| kjt ps sps to |g to isp st gz om{ nk
gqmqthg|gqtmst |gn|ggqm
q|m|gzk{tgqhtsm qt}m{g ms
t}gslkgkokqt L kszngsk|kskg~qggskqgmkgpsom{tqps
|tqo}s
systAcantholimon aeGaeUm}kg~kjsgzt|{k|kgst|zkqjkk|k|gqk |gn|gkgstigg}qoisps gskqktqks
zkqt~ zto h|tsg stsg ks hqnm|k g }tq
kghkt{n||qmskhqkg|nkm{ttisptz{mnotk}gsltsgkjksjqkzkqt~ zto

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAcantholimon aeGaeUm



mskzgq~g-TKAgtgtoA aeGaeUm gzmt


k}gsltos ~gm{kqt t |g |qkqg }{{g k
~mkgomtowgzt{kg tjtgo
tjkoztz{mnosngzqzksgnkpqmntspjgkqkgzmsztmmzqtggto

qtmto ksmst~khqknkkzkqt~
ms|tqo}toqtoq|m|gkjzgqkzkqt~tqtzk{t k|nkz{mnooztz{mno
sgzkq{ghsksgzkqtqstgqngpsrggmzgqtg|ggm o~s|{g|g{{gi
g{{gim~qmmimzkqt~zto}kgt
kjtztqksgktosgiksk|gztngtok
|qtmkt

fflyzlmnrtAcantholimon aeGaeUm }kgkt{iqnktjkg|qhpszqt|k}g{tq}psgps k{ikzkqt~zto|g{ztoszkqhg{{ts|togzgktjkpsgpsg


jg}tqk|qmksgtog|gzttspskkgr
to g{{ksjk~tspk~gszkqkqkko|gqksg
{ntoskkz|tspsggqg|nksmt |gtzgqk{nsknqgomgr|gqzg ztozgqgskt}o
igg|q~qts|jmg zqt}qk|g{ko|gqk
igjgztqoi|k|qskzkqt~ktki{t
okqt krggpso~ss ~oqsgsps

pf ypsff {{gi ms ~qm m im


zkqt~ztogzgstAcantholimon aeGaeUmngzqzksggzt}ko~ntssggskqgggtoqto
q|m |gnkqpnts p zqtgkoksm zkqt~ k jg~kq| ~jt zto ng zkq{ghsk |g to gst|tghkt{n|thtztom|tqo} gong
jg}{lkmos~kgmzgqrmtokjtogms
zqtgg ps oztz{mnos m to t qt qt
zqt}qk|g{kqkjosgmk ~tsgzkqt~
kghk{nt ghgnjg}t|gz{tgtz|~{pqjgkokqt L

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


t kjt }psg k g |qqg m )5#. 
A BII A |g $ zto z{mqtsg ~gqg|mqlkg p
qp65 ~khqknkstsgoztz{mnok|nk

2TDL2LMFDPSN!PHRR2LMFDPSN

Acantholimon aeGaeUm gztqtqtmstotovpgqjg 



Achillea occulta Constantin. & Kalpoutz.

54

Compositae
Achillea occultaConstantin. & Kalpoutz. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 147(2): 250 (2005).
ys ;{{ 0E k{tzssmt t g|psg=
b-S+NTKNCHEQA SHETOOEQOAQSRNFSHELNTMSAIM FQNL
SHECHAOEKNF0QNSIR)KIARSNSHE.%TOOEQOAQSR LNRSKX
AKNMGSHECQERSKIMEAMDSHE.%RKNOER RSEEOCAKCAQENTR
QNCJR RKNOER AMD SHICJESR VISH Acer semperVirens AMD
Amelanchier AKS C   L   .  
%c  -AX  Constantinidis & +alpoUtZakis 
{ozt!4(5 ozt" &) 50! 

to qto zto jgmqtsg ozt{kgg h{mm


k nsto |g jsqg g zkqkqt |ts ngsjm
|g jksjqjm kjm ksg g g|{tong k gkq|t
mkstsg g ksjm| }o m {{jg  Acer
semperVirens
Amelanchier parViora RTBRO chelmea
&raxinUs ornUs RTBRO ornUs |g Phillyrea latifolia ks
to |qmst k}gslkg t
RhamnUs sibthorpiana
A occUlta zqt|kqm|kqqm gtztg
mh{mmtkrqkpshq~psmszqtgktos
gz ms stsm m{g| g|stht{g stt tg
gottokjtoztqksghqkntskzmk~g{|jk
k k|knksk zkqjk tztnkk gl k ms
A occUlta }tsg tqsg gosng kjm zp g
*Consolida tUntasiana
CerastiUm illyricUm RTBRO
brachiatUm Crepis fraasii
Cymbalaria microcalyx RTBRO
microcalyx
-inUartia pichleri
-elica rectiora
Stachys
chrysantha ThalictrUm orientale |A occUlta ztqk
sgksg}ntsm|gsggztk{ktkz|qgtskjtk
zqtgkosk qpi hq~ps zto opqkkg
|qztmgitsto~gt
oztz{mnot zto }tsg ms tozqlg |g
ms zgqzgq zqtts zgqk}kq zkqh{{tsg
{t t oztz{mnot k}gsltsg g   L
zkqzto

jphpf| t{ok kjt ~mglts ojk snt}qgk{~m~pqjg|{gjk |to CL


kgqgq~pmqg}{{ggqgq~pp~kjs{kg gz{zkqt~j |to W LL
klkimgzz{gk gsptkjk|qto{tht|g
  zt{ |qkqto {tht tjsk |p gz gotqt{thtghgn|gg|gssgtjtsptp
~stkgg}{{g~g gsptkjpz{gpk{{kz|  W LL zgqtgkg}{{g
mhmk {thtk}{t kstkp k
ztj|to|to LLkqh{mg|k}g{toz{to LL hq|gzkqh{gt|to  LL
ptkjpk{{kz| zt{gqgq~pp~kjs
{kg kks khqgsjm k{g}q|ggszkqnqg zg gsntj~m k{{kz| jg}gs {kg g{{
kgqgtgjskkq}kqkg|gsnjgn{kg {ko|
  gs |k}{t i{pjg k   ghgnk {tht
jgkps     W    LL snjg j|to kqg}qjg {ko| gjksjm g}jkoqosksgmhm
toigsgzkqh{tosms|tqo}tog~gsto~gsg
ksgsptkj |ggs    W   LL ~pq
zzzt k gg} |tqsg ~ h{kssjm gs gztqqt}tsoiqgg

fqrs{}zfAchillea occUlta zkqiq}m|kzq}gg#NMRSAMSIMIDIR+AKONTSYAJIR kpqnm|kgs|kkg|qksmgkjsztogztk{ts

posof{fpmn #NMRSAMSIMIDIR
+AKONTSYAJIR 
jpsis frms|spf oqp t t p ztqk
sgkzk|gnkptstst
johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|kjtm{{jgspstgzgqmto{t~qg|gtozqlg  k{tzssmt |gn |g gz g hqg~jm
rgqm isppzgqzgq |tsggsg}kqnsg
qm
sys Achillea occUlta k}gslkg |oqp g
gskqg gg to qto to{t~qg sg qt
kgto otqto om{kqm |tqo} g  L
t tztt kzm ztqk sg nkpqmnk p zqt|gm to
qtoqspsgzqtgsttgsgt{|g}ogot
to kjto }tsg osnp k hqg~jk z{gi |g
|qmst g htqktgsgt{| |g gsgt{| gg

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjto!chillea occUlta



tksjm|kjtAchillea occUltagztqtto{t~qgmk{tztsstovp%+g{ztol|m 



ms tjg Anthemoideae m tztg oiikskk ks k


msAchillea RECSINMPtarmica tjgpsAnthemoideaegsghgnnm|kmsA RECSIN Anthemoideae 'TN
AK 3ATJEKAK %HQEMDNQFEQ'TN
g{{mgrst|tqtnmmgomRECSIN~qklkg
zkqkqmqkosg
gkjmztoksggrst|kiikqgmsAchillea
occUlta ksggA barrelieri 4EM 3CH"IO A mUcronUlata "EQSNK A oxyloba $# 3CH"IO|gA schUrii3CH"IO
oi|k|qsmtjgkjskrgz{skggzsssg
qm {zk|gggqzng ks{mmtjgA barellieri A mUcronUlata A oxyloba }tsgms
|gg{gksozq~tosgsg}tqpszgqgzsp
kjsgzms{{jg|gmA occUlta nkpqkgikpiqg}|gzttspsmgztooiikskm
Achillea occUltajg|qskgk|t{ggz{toto
oiikskm krggmtq}t{tigps}{{psg
}{{g m hm |g g |gkqg }{{g to h{gt
msA occUlta }qtoslkimgzz{gkgsptkjk
{tht {tht got |gn |g t g|qgt {th to
}{{toztqksgjgqtsgzkqgqp zkqzto~q
t ts to sg kzz{ts |q {th tjsg
ztqksgozq~kt~tto}{{to |pgzto
|qto {tht {g g {{g oiiks m kjm ~tos
}{{g hm |g |gkqg }{{g h{gt k  zkqkqto {tht zto ksg iqgtkjk p ptkjk k{{kz|totztqkmos~kgsg~ltsg
zkqkqt zp ms zkqzpm m A mUcronUlata
|gmA schUrii

gskpzlk |ztts kt |sjost krg}sm t


kii{{ts tz{mnotmngzqzksgk{i~tsg
igzngsg{{gitokzzjtokz|sjosmg kj| ms zkqzpm zto gqsm| krk{rk kzmqktos
t}o|mzkqh{{tsgzgqjkig gzoq|gi
p|gqk}kmsgqgro{jmh{mmztozqt}qk|ztgzqtggtkjt
(tqksh{mmmto{t~qgoz|kgkstsmh|mmgz|tzjggitzqthps gqimsstrm
|g t |g{t|gq sg jkokqkps jqt zto tjmik
|kqgk m{kz|tspsg ms |tqo} to qto
jko|t{sk ms tj| kg}tq gsnqzps |g lps
p mkz|qgtgh|mm}gskgjksnkk
ozkqht{| |sjost ms kzhpm ps oztz{mnos
m A occUlta 4g ~tqt}ig lg |ggsg{stos |oqp ggsnsggg|gg}{{gtokjto g}stsggsii~gg|gkqgggtoh{gt|g
to t}ng{t gsgspm |ts t ql| mg
t}ng{tgsgspmo~szqtgktsggk
|t{mkqpihq~ps ztoj|t{gzqtkiiltsggzki{g~tqt}iglgqsgtgmA
occUlta zto}tsg|ts|kqgkm{kz|tspsg
zqtkiiltsg ko|t{kqg |g ksg zkqkqt k|knksg k |sjsto |g zngs |ggqt} {{k
ojk p }tsgkgz|qmsggzqgqm
ztozqt}qtoszqtgg tgzmsh|mmt
|ggzgsnqzskjqgmqmk
pf ypsff ztkjztk g{{gi t tztk
ng ztqtgs sg kzjqtos gqsm| sg ozthgntosmsztmgtozkqh{{tstmAchillea occUlta
ngzqzksggzt}ko~nts
g }o m A occUlta |gg}qstos sg kzhstos
zgqmszgqtogzkqtj||gzgh|mmto
htztotoztgjztkksg|tztmmmh|mm p ng ztqtk sg kk ms zgqgipi ps
g~gsps to kjto |gn |g sg gsgk{k ms gsgspmtoz{mnotgzzqggwk|tto g
tgksqikgngzqzksggzt}ko~nk
toi|k|qst}oksgk{|o||gztqkk|t{g sg |g{{kqimnk k tgs|t zto jgkqg
p}ohqg~|mzpsgg~gsto kts|g{{m{t
~kq k}gsltosom{ztt}qpm|ggztk{ts|g{qztjgqmm|gjgsttokjto
t qt to{t~qg ~k kz{kik sg zkq{m}nk t
|ot ps t|t{ti| mgs|s zkqt~s v
zqtggtoqtogsgskgsg~knk|
kzjqgmmsk{{ts|kzhpmmA occUlta

ffl yzlmnr Achillea occUlta ~mglk


sg ki{t |g ksgt z{mno t qt to{t~qg
ztotgqnpsgpstokjtoozt{tilkgk
gq|k~{jkg|qhgqnps}osztok}gsltsghqg~jkkrqkksgj|t{tsgozt{tink g }o o~s qltht{ts g |gkqg ggtok{~toto|g~mgltosstoqjg|k
}{{psztoosk~ltostsgikszt{{gz{ggg
zqmk|mmtoz{mnotmto{t~qg t
jkrkgogskq~gszkqztoktgp
gzkqkqtg|qhkzzgkzgsk|mm t
ozt{iktsjtz{mnog tg
jkkqtispoztz{mnomzgqzgqzkq{ghskzkqztotg ksmszkqt~mtozqlgk}gsltsgzkqztotg
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjzt
kjt ~gqg|mqlkg p qp 65 k hm ms |gmitqtztmm m )5#.  }psg k t |qqt
$ |oqpkrggmzt{zkqtqsmzkqt~k}s to s |g m Achillea occUlta jks }gskg sg

js|rlorfrril
$zjnmpsfzysnk{l



Adonis cylleneaBoiss., Heldr. & Orph.

o-3

Ranunculaceae
Adonis cyllenea Boiss., Heldr. & Orph. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 5 (1856).
j{nys 3SQID B   ;{{ 0E k{tzssmt ttqsng=bIMLNMSE:IQIA#XKKEME OQNOE
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Aegilops speltoidesTausch
var.ligustica (Savign.) Fiori

54

Gramineae
Aegilops speltoides Tausch var. ligustica (Savign.) Fiori, Fl. Italia 4: 33 (1907).
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Aethionema carlsbergii Strid & Papan.



Cruciferae
Aethionema carlsbergii Strid & Papan. in Bot. Not. 133: 521 (1980).
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/{ozt#ozt ' ,$ 0!, 'QETSEQ 

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gkzmtz|ksjm |Draba laconica *Urinea tayGetea |g Phitosia crocifolia
fqrs{}zftAethionema carlsberGiiksgsg
~gqg|mq| kjt oiiks k N kzm kstzN
ksjm|Ae urbicUlatUmtIRR (AXEJ sggzgkz|qgkqg ~g}og m ozg{z| lsm to npsg kttztt igki{t~qts|jmg knkpqkt
gomt tIRRIEQ  (AKCRX  (AXEJ 
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t tztt ~tos kzm zt{ kig{kqg zkqig gqtolk kzm ttmk k t  polyGaloides $#
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|gtzt{|qkqtk{knkqtgto{toto

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g|qgg jgkps W LL pNkjp~kjs
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mkz}o pNkjpkz|ppNkj  W  LL
grgsnggz{hqo ~pqhq|g |to~q
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  W   LL zqgspz ztq}oqkkhqgsjmzkqnqg gkrpkq|k{{kz|| g}tkj gztqtiio{psg ms |tqo} g{g {ko| p k{g}qqjsg jgkps   W   LL ~k{t
zk{to m|o|{| so~g zkqzto t|m zqt g
zg{gsnqkgst|t|qstgr|gqzghqo |to LL kztj|tkon |to LLgqz |kqt ts~pqt tszkqt m|o|{| jgqto   LL kghgn|t{pgms|tqo}|gk
zkqigz{to   LLttstozqgg
kz|m    W   LL {kg gst|t|gsg

ffl yzlmnr t Aethionema carlsberGii


~mglkt{itk{ktjkgpszto|ggstsg
kjt|oqpoztz{mnot tsgk|pstztpsksgtsKocUs classicUstokjto sgmom{kqm
|tqo}toqt}m{g tsgikt |gtjkkqtom{kqkzkqt~thk|goqi|m
kqthtsg tsgiktk|nksggztojt
oztz{mnot |ggkqnm|gs ~ zkqkqg ps

posof{fpmispt
jpsis frms|spf z t {t gto ~q
gq~to{to
johpf|{jqyzoltAethionema carlsberGiiksg
tz|ksjm|kjt k}gslkstgsgmom{kqm |tqo} qt}m {g to gito ms 
k{tzssmtq}gg tks{ipkjthqnm|kkzmom{kqkzkqt~thk|goqi|
mkqthtsg tsgikt
sys t Aethionema carlsberGii }kg om{kqk |tqo} to gito |g gsgzkg gzt|{k| k ghkt{n| zkqgg k zkqjk
~g{|jk z{gi zg stsm |{m k mkg
zto m om{ ro{jm h{mm gztolk qt m|kq g{{ |g ~k| }pks nk
~ ghkt{n|s hq~ps k gsgt{| htqks
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  L glk{{gkjmzpgAstraGalUs tayGeteUs %Uphorbia herniariifolia Daphne oleoides
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Pimpinella traGiUm RanUncUlUs sUbhomophyllUs R breVi-

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAethionema carlsberGii



gps|gk|gtz{mno ost{| jks


ngzqzksgozkqhgskgqgtg

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tgs|t zto |g qkosm| stg k sg
kzko~nkmex sitUjgqmto

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


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jks}gskgsg|sjosktos gzmsozkqh|mm zto
zqgigtztkgkt{{|mqttqtgiktzm
t ispt htzt to Ae carlsberGii ksg ~k|
gzttspst|gg|qgznkkgsnqzskjqgmqmk w gzt{kg kskg t |sjost ozthnmpsispsoztz{mnosto
stt mzgqtogtoAe carlsberGii kzt{|q|gmg}|qkqmpsJL2 toztz{mnotztozkq~tos|qsgqngps|gmzngs
ozkqo{{ti gz htgs|t |gnts gzgqgmm m
zkqtj|kzzkom|ggrt{immm|ggto
ippsstispsnkpstztkk}gslkg |g ps t{itk{s oztz{mnos to zto jks
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jophffpl

pf ypsff ~q i jks ~tos {m}nk


qg ig ms tog| zqtgg to Aethionema
carlsberGii w gztk{kg| jqm ig m jgqmm
ps oztz{mnos to zqtkskg m zqtgg gz
ozkqht{| o{{ti m gzt}oi kght{s m jt
mh{mm|gmgzt}oi|ggqt}|skskqiks

tkstztksjm|kjtAethionema carlsberGiigzms|tqo}kqthtsg giktvpTQKAMD 

50

Aethionema orbiculatum (Boiss.) Hayek

54

Cruciferae
Aethionema orbiculatum (Boiss.) Hayek in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 472 (1925).
3ys ;{{  kqsmt ito qto= b-S
!SHNRc AUcher-loy ' "/)3 

ggspqpjtSAWAjg}qk|oqptiknt|g
mstq}ps|gqzsto

nrrnfCrenUlaria orbicUlata"NIRRIM!MM3CI.AS
"NS RQ  
%Unomia orbicUlata 'QIREB 3OICIK &K 2TLEK  
 

fflyzlmnrtzkqiqg}kst kj kjt
ksg sg gz g kz|qgkqg ~g}og m ozg{z|lsmtonpsgost{|zgqgmqnm|gsgq|kk|gtsjkgps jzgqpstspgm
hqg~jto |tqo} zto gztk{ts ksgt z{mno
gqjg 

jphpf|t{ok zt{h{gt {kt}okro{jmhmz~to~qCLsnt}qth{gt|to


pCLv{{gk{g}qgq|jm jgkps 
W LL gspNkjpkz|pk{{ktkj kgh{kg|tqo} g~gm{kqg|gkgggsnkgkhqg~ ~t g |tqo}gg ksg{{gksg ~kjs ~g
zg{g     W     LL k ztq}oq gz~qpm
g{g{ko| jgkps   W   LL koqp gsptkj gh{g p g|qtg ms |tqo} |g
kg~sqjskiqgkpkq|sgg|to
   LL zkqoit}qg ~pq|tqo}gttjsggr|gqzg hqo   LL tj|t |g ms |gqzt}tqgkonkp|oqtkst |to LLgqz
|kqt ts~pqt ptkj |o|{|     W   LL
zqggkz|m  W LL {kg ~qot|qsg

rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjzt
Aethionema orbicUlatUm ~gqg|mqlkg p qp 65
}psgkms|gmitqtztmmm)5#. |gk
hmtsozt{tilkstgqnpsks{|psgps t
tztt ms zqt|ksm zkqzpm jks ozkqhgsk ost{| g  tg |qqt $ |gn |g {ip
mzt{zkqtqsmzkqt~k}sto|qqt
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pf ypsff t Aethionema orbicUlatUm zkq{ghskgtogg{itom)5#.igms{{jg
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posof{ fpm 2n   0AOAMICNKANT


TMOTBKIM&QAMYM 
jpsisfrms|spfztstst~qgq~
oitto
johpf|{jqyzoltAethionema orbicUlatUmksgtz|ksjm|toqtonpsg
sys t Aethionema orbicUlatUm k}gslkg m
hqg~jm |tqo} to npsg k okqt gz 
~qLvkggzt|{k|k~ghkt{n|s hq~ps k qk ki{k |{k k |q
tjk ps   gps ktspsN ks ozq~tos
zqtkkg}tqk|nk tztkgzgsostjkkggz{{gzsg ksjg}qtsg|gksjm| ~g}og zp g Silene orphanidis AsperUla
sUberosa HelichrysUm sibthorpii Draba lasiocarpa Arabis
bryoides|g Potentilla speciosagqjg 
fqrs{ }zf t Aethionema orbicUlatUm ksg
sg ~gqg|mq| ~g}ot oiiks k N kzm
kstzN ksjm| e retsina 0HISNR  3MNGEQTO t
tztt}kgk~gm{okqg~qL to
zgqgng{to gztto ghkt{n|t hq~to
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3MNGEQTO tmk kzm zgqtolkkt
ksjm|togitoe carlsberGii 3SQID0AOAMz

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAethionema orbicUlatUm

51

g ms zqtgg to kjto got zqtkskg m


gzt}oio{{ti}o|to{|t |gn|g|nk{{m
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tokqkosm|sqg|gtgs|tzto k
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htzto kzkqks
rrsfpifjophffpl

tksjm|kjtAethionema orbicUlatUmgzms|tqo}toqtonpsgitsqt vpgqjg 

52

Aethionema retsina Phitos & Snogerup

"1

Cruciferae
Aethionema retsinaPhitos & Snogerup in Bot. Not. 126: 142 (1973).
ys;{{7!E t|qt=bKILERSNMECKIRAS
!JQ +NQAJIA AMD TO SN  JL 3 NF !JQ +NQAJIA AKS 
Lc -AX S SnoGerUp & - 'Ustafsson 
{ozt,$ozt"- ' + 50! 

zkqt~ zpgScorZonera scyriakstksjm|to


qto ~o{g CentaUrea rechinGeri ksjm| igto
CampanUla merxmUelleri ksjm| |qto  xgqs
'aliUm reiseriksjm|ztqjps kso~sosgssg |g g kjm %Uphorbia acanthothamnos |g Ballota acetabUlosa

jphpf| t{ok }o k hm ~oq ro{jm


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mgq|jm |gkqg ~kjs ~g zgto{tkj
  W   LL gskqg gsptkj p gs{ti~tkj k{{kz| {g gsnkg kq| gz g gskqg
~kjsgsnkggrgsnggz{hqo k snm
rpkq| zg{g kqp g||tkj z{to    
LL gsptkj kpkq| zg{g kzzkjg gsptkj
z{to     LL g{g osnp sg {ko| k
hm ztq}oq g krpkq| kig{kqg k so~g |to   LL|g{gg   W  LLgqz
|kqt  W  LL kzkq}kqkg|zkqitz{to   LLt|gkqto|g  LLt
gskqto g|q|t{t{t|to   LL

fqrs{ }zf t z{ts oiiks SAWNM to


Aethionema retsina ksg ~pq g}ht{g t Ae
orbicUlatUm"NIRR (AXEJ ksjm|m~kqtstoto
npsg|gttzttksg kzm zt{ok~g}otk
gsnkg|gk{g}qgq|jm}{{g|g|gqz|kqt
zto}qksgzqg
}psgkto0HISNR3MNGEQTO tAe
retsinajg}qkg}gztgsg}kqnskjt gzms
qng zqt|k}g{tkjk}sm |gn|ggztiknt|gt~gps}{{pstAe orbicUlatUm~gqg|mqlkggzhqg~kqk {kzkqk |gg|kkskp
|qkksk jg|{gjk k |qkqg k iknt |g
kskqg }{{g |gqzt to Ae orbicUlatUm ~tos
|gqj~mmhm|ggh{kgptrkg|tqo} |gn
|gzt{hqg~igsg{{tkjtkttztttAe
retsina }gskg sg ~k kq| ttmk ksg t Ae
carlsberGii ksjm|togitojg}tqpsjt
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0HISNR3MNGEQTO 

posof{fpmn 0HISNR3MNGEQTO
 
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sm|qt|g|oqtzt{g kokqt L
ms|qtkstzlkgtqt~o{g tstgtosmttoi|k|qsg ~kkstznkk|nktohq~tot|qtto~o{g kgzgqg{g|
lsmgztg|qpqttqg|ptg|qpqtzt|{kqg|gksgs|nkthq~tmszkqt~tq|gms|oqtzt{gksgispgnmk}sm
mhqkgg|tosmt
systkjtAethionema retsina }kggzt|{k|k|gg|qo}kghkt{n|hqg~jkkz}skk ~|gkt~hq~pskk{~t|gn{to
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kig{kqtpsLgzmhmps|nkpshq~ps
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ffl yzlmnr ~q kqg ksg ispt


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 h tg|qpqtzt|{kqgks{|gtg
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qit The Red Data Book of Rare and Threatened Plants
of 'reece 3MNGEQTOA zqtgkkggzt
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pf ypsff t |q iknt ps jt oztz{mnostoAethionema retsinatqt~o{gt


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55

Ajuga piskoi Degen & Bald.

54

Labiatae
Ajuga piskoiDegen & Bald. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 46: 414 (1896).
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zgqgzgttog{gtgtottpgsssps zkqtqlkg k sg st tt t 
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zqtsp v{{g h{gt }mstkj ms hm q|g zgqtg k g }{{g kig{kqg gz g snm
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 skoqt   LL k tjsk zkqzto jz{to
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LL qtj~qpm kztq}oqskqg|gp{sgztokr~kk{g}qgzts|{o|gsp~k{tkjthqg~k
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54

Labiatae
Ajuga pyramidalis L., Sp. Pl. 561 (1753).
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Allium platakisii Tzanoud. & Kypr.

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Allium platakisii Tzanoud. & Kypr. in Fl. Medit. 3: 309 (1993).
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+XOQINSAJIR 
jpsisfrms|spfkzhqt|g|hqt
johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|kjtm{{jg spst gz tszt zkqiqg}to ms
hqg~tsmjg ts|ts m tztg hq|kg gzsgs
gzg|mqm kgrtog|qpmqtom
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systAlliUm platakisii}kgmshqg~tsmjg
ts|ts zto zqt g |nkg ghkt{n|
zgq|g hq~g |qmst k hqkg |nkm g{{
hqnm|k g|m |g k zkqjk nk m smjg t
tztk ~tos mzkqm |{m |g htqktjo| |nkm
g |nkg hq~g ostjkkg gz {{g ~gt}o|
kjmzpgAchillea cretica Ptilostemon chamaepeUce
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z{gi k mzkqm |{m k}gslkg gl k g kjm
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RTBRO latifoliakhmgzgqgzsp|g{ghstsg
ozm ts hgn zqtgqti to m ~gt}o|
jghpm tkjtngztqtksg~gqg|mqnkkkp
gzt|{k|p|oqp~gt}o|

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ts.gigg|~qt ttzttksgisptig
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m| 4YAMNTDAJIR  +XOQINSAJIR  k{{t~kk t


|sjostkrg}sto krggtozt{|qtgqntpsgpstoz{mnotto|sjostiskg
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gitzqthps gz g zgqg|kksg sm k jkjtsm
ms|q|gmmhqg~tsmjgzkqztoqgg |gmszkqtqsmht|t|gsmmm}o|
|{omjksozkqhgsktmost{||gm m
kzg|q~qts|jmgzgqgtsmsmjgp
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ispstgzmszkqt~ztozkqiq}m|k mhqg~tsmjgts|ts zto~toskstznknkk
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zkqkqggztg|gkjkjtstt|qiknt m smjg t oi|k|qst gqn jks zqzk
sg gz~k zt{ gz ts gqn ps ost{| ozgq~sps gps k kgikskqm kz|k g t sm
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kjtoozqp|m tA platakisii zpzgqgmqnm|kkosn|k|g{{qikg gsgzgqikgh{gm|kozikght{hjg

pf ypsff kpqkg gzgqgmt k gz


oskssmmkgqjktz|gq~ sgggk
mh|mmmhqg~tsmjgts|ts pmkg}tqgitzqthps g|m|ggiqt|tsk{ps psg
zqtjg~kq|qtigmjgqmmtokjto
zzqnkgjg~kq|qgigmsEWRISTjgqmmtokjtoztqksgksgm|g{{qikgtoktgs|tzto|gmjgqmmzkqps{{toiksk|tt{ti|to{|tkqzklkksk|t{|t

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


gqmsjosgmgtokjtosggsgzgqikgh{g-

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tk{{ms|ksjm|kjtAlliUm platakisiigz
mssmjgts|tsmqmvpozqp|m 

65

Allium runemarkiiTrigas & Tzanoud.

"1

Alliaceae
Allium runemarkii Trigas & Tzanoud. in Nord. J. Bot. 20: 89 (2000).
ys;{{7!E thtg=bFEVJLEARSNFSHE
SNVMNF+AQIRSNR  LABNUEREAKEUEK QNCJXOKACER
ALNMG OHQXGAMAc  -AX  TZanoUdakis & TriGas
{ozt50! 

RECSScorodon+NCH%sgoiikskgk{{ms|kjm
mtjgtoA obtUsiorUmA erythraeUm'QIREB|g
A thessalicUm"QTKKN 00AUNME #3AKLEQI4YAMNTD
ztoksgispgzzkqt~m|g{{jg "QTKKN  AK   {g g kjm ksg g{{tzgq|
|g jg}tqtzttsg kgr to |oqp ts g}tq
tqsg ~gqg|mq| ps ht{hs ps }{{ps |g
ps gsnps {g ksg jz{tkj n  W   |g t
|gqoozttozgqtoltos|qjg}tqtztk

jphpf|t{htm}gq|tpptkjk    
W   CLrpkq|t~sk|ggst jkqgjk
kq|jkqqmistkzgq{{m{ksk tkpkq|t
khqgsjk {ko|t jg}gsk v{{g   {kg |to   CL {g gskq~kst p qnt  
CL {kt |o{sjq| |g{ost gz t zkqh{mg
ps}{{ps|gt to|totogrgsng
~kjsm}gq| zo|s zt{ogsntj|tzkqzto
tkgrto qnt |to LLznmzgqgstog hqg~kqmgzmsgrgsng|g|g{ztogm
hmgo kjtk{g}qskhg{hjkkig{kqmhg{hjg skoqm osnpksgg|qq}t m
hqg~kqmhg{hjg skoqmkhqg~q}tqo~t
p  kqist |o{sjq| zg{g {ko| qjsg k
ztq}oq p zqgstzq}oqt kgt skqt k{g}q
|oq zqt g rp gzNqtiio{psg p hqg~p
g|jtkj ms |tqo} |to     LL tsk
hqg~kqttkgzg{g krpkq|sggqips| gkpkq|kz{gkqmhm|ggztpkstksgtspgtosnqkztq}oqt jk
wtn|mptkj ~pqkhqg~ztj|t   W 
 LL {ko| kgki{mztq}oq |ggszsg
zqsm ztq}oq |m{jg t gskqt g |nk {thtk|qgk}gs zqsggm}gq|   
W   LLzqgggqg |tozkqztoLL

ffl yzlmnr t AlliUm rUnemarkii ksg


isp st gz ms zkqt~ zto zkqiq}m|k zto
kstznm|gs{ik~{jktg  sggsgztsgkkrgqk|zkqtqsm|gms|gt
htzttokjtoksg|tszgq|kzkqt~
m  htg jks kstznm|gs {{t oztz{mnot
to tkkzkqt~zgqg|kksktoisptz{mnotgtgtokjtoksgzt{|q|gosnp
gsgztsg k ki{m zo|smg k |q j|ksg
mngsjtoh{mm
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|sjost tq| krg}sm to tsgj|t ispt
z{mnot to kjto ksg jgkqg gormst {ip
m krgqk| zkqtqsm zkqt~ krz{p to
g{{|gmnmmzkqt~gotkjthqnm|k
|g|tkszq~kqtotstzgt ttzttosjk
ms|tssgjmzgqg{gktszgqg|kkstkzgq~-

posof{fpmn 4QIGAR4YAMNTDAJIR 
jpsisfrms|spft
johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| kjt m {{jg
ispstgztslocUs classicUsgsgt{|mgqto mhtg
sys sgzkg k kj}m k stsm k}sm
to ~t{n|t oztqgt k okqt   L
|gk|qgzgmgzmn{gg kgzt{kg
sgkzmqklkggztsk|gkgitsjgng{gstskqt
h{mm m zkqt~ ~gqg|mqlkg gz g
kjm CentaUrea spinosa RTBRO spinosa SarcopoteriUm
spinosUm |g Anthyllis hermanniae t AlliUm rUnemarkii
gsgzkgk|qj|ksgkgrpszqtgsg}kqnspsngspjskjs
kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAlliUm rUnemarkii

fqrs{ }zf t AlliUm rUnemarkii gs|k m

66

g|jqto~ggikitsg zpmjstrmstojqtomnmtoozq~tsttstzgtk~tms
zqhgmpsgot|spsmzgqg{gm|gg|ko
|ztto |qto ms oi|k|qsm nm ng ztqtgs
sg krg}gstos t{{|mqt ts z{mno qgijgg
t|| |g toq| gszorm zto zgqgmqkg g
k{kogg ~qsg ms zgqg{g| lsm m gqto
kzkskto|sjstokrg}smtokjtokm
{mqpszqtggin sitU|gex sitU|qskggzgqgmmigmjgqmmtokjto ttztt}psg
k ms |gmitqtztmm m )5#.  tztnkkg
ms|gmitqgpsqpsjoskosps#2 ig
z{mqtg|qqg"A BI II III U A BI II III U 
pfypsffks~k{m}nktzttjztkqt
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kqg ksmzkqt~krz{ptojkshq|kgoz
|ztt|gnkzqtggzgqg|t{tnmmtotsgj|tisptz{mnottokjto igmso{{ti
z{mqt}tqsmht{ti|toozkq}tq ngjsk
zt{kz{mqt}tqkigmjosg|toz{mnot
|g josgmk kzhp to ex sitU jgqmm
tokjto jgkqgktgs|tzto ksgsggz
g ksjk|soksg qg zqtgg to zkqgg|
o{{ti kg}tq |g |g{{qikg lpsgst o{|t
jkrgstzt{{gz{ggtoksgk|t{t ksg
zqggtokjtozgqtoltosom{ztt}qpm jgkqgzkqtqsmzkqt~k}smtokjto|gtkt|sjostztotgzk{ts
|oqp {ip m toq| |g t|| gszorm
mkoqkqmzkqt~ |gntsksjkjkismmsjmtoqig |qtgztngt ,AGTMA  AK  ig ms
gztk{kg|in sitUjgqmto
frfhlph{flplkfrsni{l

tksjm|kjtAlliUm rUnemarkiits}o|tohtztmgqto htg |g{kztqkgmgrgsngtovpqi|g 

67

Allium samothracicum Tzanoud.,


Strid & Kit Tan

$-

Alliaceae
Allium samothracicum Tzanoud., Strid & Kit Tan in Portug. Acta Biol. 19: 356 (2000).
ys ;{{ .!E t gtnq|m= b3ALNSHQAJI
#HNQA C  Lc TZanoUdakis  {ozt 50!
ozt# 

ksktA achaiUm"NIRRksjm|kjtztogzgs
msk{tzssmt mkqk{{jg m|gsjt
tA parnassicUm "NIRR (AKCRXtz|ksjm|kjt
togqsgt|gm|sg t A friGidUm"NIRR
(EKDQgzgs|oqpgqmmk{tztssto |gt
koqkgkrz{pmA panicUlatUm,RTBROpanicUlatUm
t samothracicUm jg|qskggztokstoiikskto|oqpgzt~qgpskrpkq|s~sps
toht{ht t~qg|gjgktozkqitsto
t~g|gjgkpshg{hjpsmznm t
|tpsztj|ps|gt~gtoozqto4YAMNTDAJIR4AM 

jphpf| t{ok }o k ht{h ptkj koqpptkj jgkpszkqzto    W    CL


rpkq|t~skkhqgsjk {ko|tpoz}gt
kpkq|t g|qgt {ko|t |g khqgsjk {gt
ktspst to     CL |gzkst
k{kto|t{kt|g{ztskt to|to
toh{gtv{{g  iqgtkj go{g|tksgt
spqt {kg |to CL|gz{to  LL
znm zgqgstog |g ms gsnt}tqg jgqksm
k jt k{knkqg sg gg hg{hjk k kz|m
iqgtkjgz{mrm mg|qkqmhg{hjgmg|qkqmmgrgsng mhqg~kqmmhqg~kqmm
grgsng grgsng kz|m m}gq| k {ig
zt{{snm snmm}m  ms|g{{qikg tj|tgsnpsst |to    LL
t |ksq|t tqnqtzt t zkq}kqkg|t o~s |oqt
kqist|pjpstkj |o{sjq| kzg{gg jgkps  W  LL {ko| koz}gm kqonqpz
|ksq| skqpm |g gh{kg gz{mrm g krpkq|
gsptkjk{{kz| gkpkq|ptkjtsk
~kjs t k t zkqist sgg gz{ o}oksg
|g   LL k g gg to zkqitsto gsnqk
|qst wtn|m zqgspz jgkps   W   LL
|t  }tqtz{tm ptkjpk{{ktkj kstksmzqtms|tqo}|gzqtmhm k
k|}ggtgskqtgm{t{ko| |to
   LLgknoqjk

fflyzlmnrtAlliUm samothracicUm ksg


sg zst tz| ksjm| m gtnq|m zto ~mglk gqgt oztz{mnot k {it tg
isptoztz{mnottok}gsltsgg~gm{|g
ksjkgokqgto|ggtmsto
zp g zg{g k~m m qg gtnq|m kgr
mqg|gmggqg{s |g|tsms
g{gzt{most{|z{mnotokjtoksj~kgsgmsozkqhgskgtg
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
zkqt~ krz{pm to AlliUm samothracicUm koq|kg gq|k |ts k zkqt~ zto o~s kz|ztsg
ttoqk|gt|t|tmgtnq|mispt
oztz{mnot to |sjosktos |gn ztqk sg kzm-

posof{ fpm n   4YAMNTDAJIR 


4AM 
jpsisfrms|spftst|gt{t
johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|kjtm{{jg ~q kqg isp st gz m st gtnq|m
sys t kjt gzgs k zt|{g m{{tops
htzps zp }qigsg zkqjk zkqt~ |g zg{g
k~m |gn|gk{ikqtzkqkqtjggqgisg
ksjgggkz{koqjqps k~gm{okqtp
L vkgglk{{g|ts}ozpgBallota
acetabUlosa Carlina corymbosa AsparaGUs acUtifoliUs
CentaUrea solstitialis RhamnUs lycioides Vitex aGnUscastUs SarcopoteriUm spinosUm Hedypnois cretica|
fqrs{ }zf t AlliUm samothracicUm gs|k
ms RECSIN CodonoprasUm |g }gskg sg oiikskk

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAlliUm samothracicUm

68

qkgnts gqsm| gz gsnqzsk jqgmqmk g{{|gmsgskr{ki|mh|mmsqikk zp


m gzt|qosm m h{mm ps zg{gs k~s g
k|kgsg |gg|kog| qig m jstrm jgz{osm tj|s gqmqs t zngs gsgjgk }okk|g{{pz|sjsqps nggzk{tgsgksjgggtokjtojmk{ikqtgzjtjk|gkk
gz ms zqm zgqgqmm to kjto jgzskg
k{pmpsoztz{mnostomszkqt~4YAMNTDAJIR4AM 
qtkskgtkjtsgksg~nkms|gmitqgps
sjoskosps }psgkms|ggrmm)5#.
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to ps |qs |g jkzgqsps oztz{mnos to
mzngsk{pmtogqntpsgpsto|g
ps k{{ts|s |sjsps zto ksj~kg sg gskpzk gz gsnqzsk jqgmqmk }psg k g
|qqgA BII A|g#AI 

tokjtokqzklkzkqps
kqgqp mkg|ggiqg}|gzgqg|t{tnmm
ps}o|sgps jgkqg|gmskzt~mgsnt}tqg ngkzqkg|g{kqmk|sgmjosg|
psoztz{mnostog|qtzqnkgzqtznkk|g{{qikg|gzt{{gz{ggttokjtoktgs|t zto nkpqkg kzhkh{msm ig ms k|
ztoex sitU jgqmm|gzqtggto
{zfsph{f

pf ypsff ~q i jks ~tos {m}nk


qgigmsgzq|tzmjgqmm|gzqtggps
oztz{mnostoAlliUm samothracicUm kjtsto
t kjt }kg k zkqt~ k zngsmg toq|
|gt||gszorm stltokjtksgtz{ts
qkg{|tqztzqtggtozqtosjkg
kmszqtznkgksmqpm|gjmtoqigt|t{ti| oskjmm ps zt{s jgkqg ps |gt|ps
msto|gtjkkqtkmsjg}{grmzkqps

tksjm|kjtAlliUm samothracicUmgzmstgtnq|mvpqi|g 



Alnus incana (L.) Moench subsp.incana

o-3

Betulaceae
Alnus incana (L.) Moench, Methodus: 424 (1794) subsp.incana.
j{nys *NMREKK  *AQUIR    (EQB "TQREQ
88)))503 

t~kgnks~kzkqtj||gg|{olksgkj}m
g{{gzt}kikgjgg kj}mtsp|gg|{olksg|gtkig{kqtqtmh{gm|zkqjtotooztkjtooq}sksgkognmtmsrmqgg|g~k|kognmtk~kkqst|gkgqst
zgikt4AKKAMSIQE ngsgjm| ms
{{jggzgs|oqp|g|tqkgsmtqks
lsm L ksgtjggpshqnm|k
kjttr kkost||qt|{g||g|qtkjg}|osn|k

nrrnf BetUla alnUs , UAQ incana , 3O 0K 


 
jphpf| vo{{th{t jsjqt to ~q  L
o~snstv{tp~q}gt {kt{gj|t~stjk z{mgjk ~ |t{{jk k skgq m{|g
}ng{tkhqg~ztj|tv{{g|to   CL
ptkj {ti~tkjpptkj |o|{| jz{zqtsp
k lkimz{koq|sskqps |tqo}k{g}qp
kssptrkg hm}mstkj qtiio{ksmk{g}q |gqjtkj |p kz}skg osnp z{mgjm k}qtzqsm i{go| snm tstiks k to{tq}k grgsnk t tztk ~mgltsg jm gz t
}nszpqt to zqtmitksto to |g gsnltos zqs
gzms|zormps}{{psqqksgsnmgs k|ggshq|tmhmto kto{tok}gslksto
ms|qmps|{gj|pskqsnt {tht tsk
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k ~kjs kz}ok to{to t tztt kgqztsg k
ro{jk ptkjk |ps|to kinto   W  
LLps|tgs k|tsztj|tgqz|qot
k  z{koq| zkqig zkqzto   LL m hm ps
gztro{pspshqg|psztozgqgstos

fqrs{}zfgjtoztkjm gtztgjg|qskgmAlnUs incana jm{gjtRTBROincana|gtRTBRO


koloensis /QKNUA   $ ,UE jg}qtos kgr to
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, 'AEQSM g{{jg}qktsp~q}gt}{t tom
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k{g}qpstsgtrkg|tqo}ps}{{psto
ffl yzlmnr zkqt~ k}sm to
RTBRO incana ms {{jg ksg ~k| |q 
km2 krgg |oqp to krkj|kosto ksjggt
ttztt}kggzt{kslsm|g|t|oqppsqkgs kig{kqtoztz{mnok}g-

posof{fpmn"AKK 
jpsisfrms|spfvkhqtoqt|gqt
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zkqtqlkgmstjzm ztohqnm|gsost{|
nkk}sm gztztktkqkstzltsg
k jt zkqt~ zto gs|tos t |ot v 
mszkqt~mjg'2 |gmszkqt~{g
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jqtotjg|z{kig tgs kokqt  L }|g  ngsgjm  {konkqjto  ngsgjm |   k{kogt
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kpiqg}|krz{pmmAlnUs incana sUbsp incanams{{jg

70

slkg |g |t ps qkgs ms zkqt~ g{hg


gqto zto m A incana RTBRO incana gztk{k t
|oqgq~tt~ktmglps|ojqt~gqth{mm
oztz{mnot zto k}gsltsg nk qkzg
gnoqgt|gqkzggoqt~pqtoksgg}|qkqt |g gqnts kq| jk|jk tg ks
oz{tzknktoztkjtgszqtpzkkggz~k||qgqngps tggsnm 

mzgqtogtooztkjtozkqtqlkgk|qgqn
gps kkzktsoztz{mnoz~o{ttk ztqksggztk{tos|gntq|zgqitsgkmkrg}stogznkgo
pfypsffgqgzqtggzqzkgzgqgp|gzqpgq~|sgt~ktosmskrg}{mm
ztmg|gps~gqg|mq|stohtztotooztkjto zkhk g|m |g ms koqkqm zkqt~ t
tztkksgjosgsgjggqrtostshtztzqzksg
gzt}kitsgk|nkzkqzpmgmjg~kqmps
ojpszqzksg{ghskgthgqozmmztojgmgtooztkjto ksgkrg}g{nkmzkqgqpkzhpm|gkrz{pto jgkqgnkzto
k}gsltsg|qtoztz{mnotgq{{m{g mkzq}pm|gmksmqpm |oqppskz|kzsmzkqt~ g{{|gpsozg{{{pspsgqjpsjg~kq|s
gq~s ng gork t ksjg}qts to |g ng to kognmtztk ksgkskqitztmntsigmszqtgg
got to oztkjto kqgqp |qskg gzgqgmm m
zqgigtztmm{kztkqt|ggiqg}tooztz{mnot to oztkjto zgq{{m{g k m k{m ps gnt{ti|s~gqg|mq|s|gmjtpsojps

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


AlnUsincanaRTBROincana~gqg|mqlkgp~kjs
zk{tkst SAWNM .4 k hm ms |gmitqtztmm
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gps|gmjgnkmg|gg{{{psnkpsigms
krz{p m krgqsg |oqp gz ojqt{ti|
osn|k4AKKAMSIQE tjqgmqmkztokgh{{tosmsojg||ggmpsnkpsk}sm
tokjto zpz~mjstrmmjgz{osmjqps
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z{mnot oi~qsp jgqp ig nk zto

usnp{l orfrrs
jsiopysnzs zrlzjnmjpisn
orrlpyil

zspkztqkg}{{to|gojgmAlnUs incana RTBROincana kzqtz{st gzmstjzmvp%{konkqjto 


p{k|ps|tgqkq |gqqkskgrgsnkjkr m AlnUs incana RTBRO incana vpj|m 

71

Althenia liAormis Petit



Zannichelliaceae
Althenia liAormisPetit in Saigey & Raspail, Ann. Sci. Obs. 1: 451, t. 12 (1829).
ys ;g{{g k|ht{ to sto= b)METMSE LEMRE
TMIN OEQ IMRTKAL ,A #ALAQGTE OQAEFECSTQA 2HNDAMI
NRSINQTL IMKACTRAKRN UEQMACTKE6AKCAQERDICSN%SAMG
DE 6ACCAQR RTB APTA OEDEL ES UIW ALOKITR AKSAc &
Petit {ozt+ 

qk zto ojsps omps zgq|t


ojst g{thtzt htzt go hq|kg 
to ~pqt it qt|zt m st rt ~k 
|gknosm |tL z{tL hnt
 CL |g |g t nqt gztrmqgskg kq| j
ts t{t to  hqnm|gs kzm g kjm RUppia
maritima |g ,amprothamniUm papUlosUm k kzksk
kz|k zto zqgigtztnm|gs ts jt htzt
t |g itot  zq{t  |g t{t
 jkhqnm|gsojqhgg|q}ogtszq{tto
kqnm|knkqt|qggskqt t# O( 
g{gmg  |g gipimg  LHNR
{stn{gg{stn{gggok|kskgt
gmrtoA liformishqnm|ksglkkhnt
zkqztoCL glkRUppia maritima R cirrhosa|g
,amprothamniUm papUlosUm t skq  k~k
nkqt|qgg  t# g{gmg  |g gipimg
 LHNR kzt~g| zgq|t oiqtzt
q|kg |ts ts wqpz  kqk {{jg  t
htzt gos m A liformis osozq~k k m RUppia
maritima|gtgq}otTolypella nidicaUAQGlomerata
tsttokqnm|gsO(  g{gmg
|ggipimgLHNR

nrrnf Althenia liformis 0ESIS RTBRO urientalis


4YUEKEU IM "NS :HTQM -NRCNV  ,EMIMGQAD  
 
A orientalis4YUEKEU 0'AQCA -TQIKKN4AKAUEQAIM
,AGARCAKIA 
A barrandonii $TUAK *NTUE IM "TKK 3NC "NS &QAMCE
 
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jphpf| t{ok ojqht o}ojg| ztjk kjt st|tzngs|gjt|tlgg{kz kz|m{gt{kzt pCLv{{g|gaksg{{gi
  CL W     LL q~tkj tr{m|g gjgqkg
t{ktzqtgqmstmhmto}{{to pLL
k pg ~q  LL snm g~g{gg tsqm qqksg
snm k ghgn |ozk{{tkj zkqsnt k  tjsk
tsg  gsnqk k  ioqkg|t {kg snm k
zkqsntgztk{tkstgzgggqz}o{{g
{t smgtkjk   LL ig |q ~tgstkj
pj|tkjgqzjgkztj|t |tozkqzto 
LLk|toq}to k{{ktkjkz|pk{{ktkj kq}tzkqztoLL

fqrs{ }zf g ism ps i{o|s


o}{oqps ojps Althenia ,epilaena Zannichellia
|gPseUdalthenia ispkzmpVleisia ~tosisk
gztjk| gz to 4NLKIMRNM  0NKTRYMX  ms

posof{fpmn 'AQCA -TQIKKN


4AKAUEQA 
jpsisfrms|spft
johpf|{jqyzolAlthenia liformisosgsgm}q| moqzmgzmshmq|
kqsmt~qms{{jg mstoq|g mpg
2NRSNU ms  |g  hmqg ms zkq|gzg 4QAMRCAROIA |g t  qs .EXQIY &AQR |gn kzm |g
|g|tpsjo|s|gspsg|sm}q| 5NSIKA  #NNJ  'TN  +NTLOKI 3NUAMSYI
 ms{{jg ~qkqg tkjt~khqknkk
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tztnkgm|+NTLOKI 3NUAMSYI zm
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g{{ m zmi zqt{kom m gsg}tq go jks ~k
krg|qhpnk
sys Althenia liformis }kg k o}{oqg
ghgn ojsg ogg |ts m n{gg $AMDX
 ms{{jgksgispgztog|{tonto

kpiqg}|krz{pmmAlthenia liformis ms{{jg

72

t|tiskg Zannichelliaceae ms tztg jg~pqltos


gz ms Cymodoceaceae |g ms tztg tztnkts g
ng{g ism Althenia |g m ,epilaena ksg kst
oiiksk|gk~gsgq~|nkpqmnkgzto!RCHEQRNM
'QAEBMEQ pjtRECSINMERtoistoAlthenia
tk{kogtgoist~toszkqiqg}kjtkjm m
A liformis 0ESIS |g m A barrandonii $TUAK *NTUE ks
t !RCHEQRNM  'QAEBMEQ   g jg|qstos
p oztkjm 'AQCA -TQIKKN  4AKAUEQA 
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orientalis 4YUEKEU 'AQCA -TQIKKN  4AKAUEQA {{t
oiiqg}kz~$AMDX 5NSIKA nkpqtsg
jtgoSAWApsgkjt

krg}smgzthtztgosgt}k{kgkgrmm
mg{gmto ztokqnm|ktszq{t
to  ts {{t htzt m rto {stn{gg jk}gskgsggskpzlk|zttskt|sjost
krg}smztmgomqlkgtikitsgs
|gtzgqk{nsthtztk~koztkj}tqkzkz~stsmrmqggt gztrqgsmtot
gtm{stn{ggig|gg|kogkqtjqtto
t gogs|gk|gtst{ttojgznm|kk~kgsgzrkojqhgg|q}og gskg
gtztg|gmsA liformis
pfypsff~qkqgjks~tos{m}nk|g
jks~toszqtgnk|ztgqgzqtggtokjto
}psgkggsg}qnm|gszgqgzsp ngzqzkk|nkqztsgzqt{m}ntstztkjztkg{{gi
ztoztqksgkzjqtosgqsm|sgozthgntos
ms ztmg to zkqh{{tst m Althenia liformis
qggz{gzqzksggzgitqkonktztgjztkgztrqgsmpshtzpsm|gmigtzttsjztk{it
|ggqt}tor{{to kzkjthtztksgzgq|t|g|sjosktosgzzk{ipmtoq|
gszorm zqzk sg {m}nk qsg to{~ts ig
msgzt}oiqmgztqqps|gt|g|sgzth{psmskiizkqt~ kszqzksgqonkmt||gszorm{t zqzksgjtnkjgkqmzqtt~
m~qm~m|s{zgps|g}ot}gq|ps
iqp|g{{kqitkskzkqt~

fflyzlmnrAlthenia liformis ksgsg


|q {kzt}o o}ojg| ojq}ot qlpst ts
zonsg|gk{kphonsttskqpsoiqtzps
w k| tto t gqn ps gps to kjto ksg
gjsgtsgozt{tink ksksgzt{j|t{tsgk|mnkkzg|qhm|ggmpsz{mnosto
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
g ms {{jg t kjt ~gqg|mqlkg p sjoskts khmms|gmitqtztmmm)5#.
}psg k g |qqg "A BII III krgg ps zt{
{ips tztnks k}s to |gn |g m ozthnm |g kpm m |gm ps htzps to
jm gz ts zgq|t g{thtzt m rto }gskg
~kkrg}gsnk k}tskkz|kztozqgigtztnm|gs k|k t |g itot  zq{t
|gt{t jkhqnm|kmAlthenia liformispm

jsrsnyz sgfrk
psfrrfps

kightgs|o{{ti|ghtztmAlthenia liformisms{stn{ggitokpqitortovptoz{ thgsl 



Alyssum Aragillimum (Bald.) Rech. f.

54

Cruciferae
Alyssum Aragillimum (Bald.) Rech. f. in Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 80(12): 58 (1943).
ys ;{{ ++ t qm t gsps= bIM
AKSIRR L 3OASHI ( 0METLA !ROQNUNTMA c   *TK
 Baldacci )ter CreticUm  no sozt"-
' 7 75 75 (AK 

tAlyssUm fraGillimUmztqksgjg|qnkgztozgq| to A sphacioticUm gz g |qkqg }{{g to


   W   LL gs W LL ghqg~kqg
zg{g  LLgsLL |gg|qkqg|kqg
  LL gs   LL g tztg ksg k{{kz| p
gsptkj|g~koqpgsptkjpm|o|{||g
k}gsltsgkzt{hqg~kqtoztj|to LL
gs LL 

nrrnfAlyssUm alpestreUAQfraGillimUm"AKD -AKOIGHIA 


A nebrodenseUAQfraGillimUm"AKD (AKCRX #NMRO
&K'QAEC 

ffl yzlmnr to{~ts  oztz{mnot ksg ispt {t t |oqp gsgt{| g


psko|sqpskhm~qkqgzgqgmqktooiiqg}gtzkjt kgztooztz{mnot gqgtgozt{tiltsgk{igpkq|
k|gtsjkk|nkoztz{mnozkqt~k}s
to ksg  JL2 |g m ost{| zkqt~ zto |gg{ghsktkjtjksrkzkqsgJL2ks~kjgzpnkkqmosk~kpmpspqpsgps
mgs|jg|osktsgqnto

jphpf|gsjm zt{okzgzto~mglkzmk{gt{kzt |gg|kkst zo|st |top


 CL jgqp jg|{gjlkst t tztt qltht{ts
v{{g|oqpk}gslksgms|tqo}|gmshm
ps h{gs gsptkj p {ti~tkj zgto{tkj
   W   LL khqg~|gzo|s {ko| gkqtkjq~pggrgsnggz{ zo|s z{top
CL }qkpkqgkqsnmzg{g|qsg kz|m |to   LL k{ko| gkqtkjq~pg
g{g|qsg zgto{tkj   W   LL {kg
tj|t |gqzt   LL gqz |kqt k{{kz|
p gsptkj   W   LL krgqtosto to zgqgstst{to kzo|s {ko| gkqtkjq~pg hg{hjkk{g}qjti|psk {t   LL
zqggzkqzto WLL kk{~tzkqit

rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjzt
kjt|sjoskk|oqpgzmsozkqht{|h|mmgz
gitzqhgg mtztgosk~lkg|gna{mmsjq|kg
to|g{t|gqtgki{gokqgpsko|sqps zspgztjgtqttikitsgoh{zkg
}o ksk ms ztmg ps zkqps zto zgqitsg|gkztjlkmski|ggmpsspsgps
zgq{t zto t kjt zqtgkkg k |ztt hgn

posof{fpmn -NMSLNKKIM 
jpsis frms|spf t p t{t |gqzt
pqltosgztst{tptsitot
johpf|{ jqyzol tz| ksjm| ps ko|s
qpsmsqm
sysqg~jkghkt{n|z{gi|g|tqo}tiqg gst| zkqjk |g ~g{|jk nk
~ ghkt{n|s hq~ps ~g{|sk |g qk
~pggnkqkkki{gk~g{nps |g
gqi{jkjg}tkjt{sk kokqt 
L}gslkkq|kz|{omtohtztotoksg
{{t tz| ksjm| ps ko|s qps t AlyssUm
sphacioticUm stk g jt go kjm gsgztsg
gl zp z~ qk to qto htoq~ $AUIR
  {{g kjm zto ztqk sg osozq~tos ksg g
Acantholimon androsaceUm ksjm| m qm |g
PrUnUs prostrata
fqrs{}zftoiikskqtkjttoAlyssUm
fraGillimUmksgtA nebrodense4IMEN gzms|k{g
|g |oqp t oztkjt A nebrodense RTBRO tenUicaUle
(AQSUIG ttzttksgtz|ksjm|psgqjtops
qpsmmzkqp|{{jg(AQSUIGA  

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAlyssUm fraGillimUm



gzms|gg|kksmtq}tokiimgtojqto
gzmsszt{mkqkgztooztz{mnotto
qt qsk |t{jg togq qt g|th{m
ksgjosgssgjmtoqikzkqkqto|sjsto
gzmsjstrmtojqto msozkqh|mm msgrmmtotoqtmsozkqht{|o{{tigzhtgs|t|mztoqtqtkskgm|gmitqgqp65
}psgkt|qqt$m)5#. jkjtsto
m zkqt~ zto t kjt |gg{ghsk ksg zngs
|qkqm ps  JL2 |g p sg ms rkzkqs g 
km2tkjtjksz{mqtt|qqt$ jkjtsto
tost{|z{mnorkzkqsgqgtg

m h{mm ig g zkqtjt   ks ~tsg ms


zkqt~ k| zkq}qgrm p qt i|qm s g
gztk{ggksgksngqqos| ngzqzksgkqkosmnkm|tzmgzkqgqpzkq}qgrm k|g{{m{m
gztlmpmpszgqgjtg|s~qmsmim pstz|s|mstq}ps|gps|gt|psps~pqs
o{{ti}osngzqzksgk{i~kg gs|gsg
zkqtqstgqnzkqpsngztqtksgo{{k~nkkmsgzgqgmmjkggstikitsgojks
osgzsttogzk{ sggsgzo~nts}ok
|g{{qikg k sg zqt|tos ex sitU oztz{mnot
gz to tztto o{| ng zt{{gz{ggnk |g ng jgskmnkktgs|tzto kszqggngztqtgs sg |ggknts k qzklk zkqps {m
jgj|ggngkzqkzkmsjosgmgk{{ts|kzgskgipi zkqgg| ks~om z{mnos ms
zkqzpmztot}o|toztz{mnotkpntszqgs
ks|qtotqto

pf ypsff sg gz to oztz{mnot
gzgs t qt htoq~ t |qtgznkg to zqtiqgt #2%4!0,!.4 zto jmtoqinm|k k|k t
 ig t kjt Nepeta sphaciotica ksj~kg kzm
sgozkq{ghsktAlyssUm fraGillimUmgztqtk sg zqgigtztmnk zkq}qgrm k g got to
gztngt zqt|kstosggzt}ko~nkmh|mm ks
oi~qspngzqzksgzgqg|t{tonkgmgsgissmm

-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

tksjm|kjtAlyssUm fraGillimUmgzgko|qmmqmvp.4TQKAMD 

75

Alyssum idaeum Boiss. & Heldr.

54

Cruciferae
Alyssum idaeum Boiss. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 8: 35 (1849).
3ys ;{{  t qm t knsm=
bADRAWACACTLIMTLLNMSIR)DAEACS;RICAKS=
QAQTLc -A Heldreich sn{ozt' "/)3
ozt" "- 75 (AK 

k opggg ghkt{n|s {nps ggnk


|g gnkqtztmsk qk ~g{|jm qm |kq
|t{mk hq~ps ks ztqk kzm sg k}gslkg
gskg k sgstq}to nsto k hqg~jk
ghkt{n|tqks|{k kokqt 
L kgr ps ostjs }os zkq{ghstsg g
kjm 
 ksjm| m qm  Arabis alpina
AstraGalUs
creticUs Berberis cretica PrUnUs prostrata |g Valantia
apricatAlyssUm idaeUmksg~k||tsms|tqo}
t goq t om{kqt mkt m qm g
 L zto ostjkkg gz g kjm BUfonia stricta
Cicer incisUm %Uphorbia herniariifolia -inUartia attica|g
*Silene VarieGata

nrrnf AlyssUm cUretUm 'AMD "TKK 3NC "NS


&QAMCE 
A idaeUmUAQcUretUm'AMD (AXEJ 2EOEQS3OEC
.NU 2EGMI 6EG "EIH  ;0QNDQ &K 0EMIMR "AKCAM= 
 
jphpf| t{ok zg ~mgltog ojk
k gq|k p zt{{ {kzt}o jg|{gjsg k{~m |gzksg m hm to m gsnt}qt h{gt
qztsk gzt{itsk k qjg|k }{{ps gsnt}qg
k{~m gstqnpsg |to   CL v{{g hm
i{go|tzqsg p gm~qtg k{{kz| p koqp
ptkj zgto{tkj jgkps    W    
LL kzo|s|{om|gjtkz}sktogz
{kztkjk gkqtkjkq~kjgqto   LL
gztk{tkskgzgq|k kzgsk{mspj~g{p
|gzksk|go~sgsgttkskg|skzg{g
|to  LL g{g |qsg kz|m }mstkj jgkps   W  LL k g|qgg |qzkjg g|qk
tskksgkszkqitt|gkqtoto
|toto hqg~ktskktjsgmhmto
gr|gqzgzo|s|ghqg~kg ztj|t|to LL
kqg i{go| |o|{| p koqp ptkj |to
    LL q~g k ~kjs |t{zp sp qt
hg{hjkjti|psk mgzkqkqtgzms{{m
kks kzzkjtzkqnqt{t|to  LL
zqgg jgqto    LL ozkq{ghgststo
tozkqoitoz{to LL

3fqrs{ }zf grst| nm to AlyssUm


cUretUm 'AMD ksg ghhgm zkqt~ o{{ti to
ztoksgtqt}sm zspgzt~pq{g
m jo| z{koq m zkjjg to gnto ts
tqksi|tm|moiiqg}gtoqnqtojks
~kjkjkigggzmso{{titozto'andoGer
HerbariUm CreticUm no   (AQSUIG A
tztnmktA cUretUmgossogtoA idaeUm
m os~kg (AQSUIG  kzgs{ghk m ospsog
g{{mkpkigtA idaeUmbngszkqtqst
tqtxm{tqkmmqmggsg}tqgzm
|m}psgkts(AQSUIGts3SQIDB ztqk
sg gsg}qkg k {gsngsm tztnkgc qklkg
zkqgqpqkosgigsgkrg|qhpnkmgomgtoA

posof{fpmn -NMSLNKKIM 
jpsis frms|spf t |g tst qt
|gqztk}gsltsggztst{tptsitot
johpf|{jqyzolsgtz|ksjm|kjtto
tqksti|totoxm{tqkmqm sj~kgkzm
sgk}gslkgm|mmqmh{zkgrst|
~{gmos~kg oiiqg}gto|kstonkpqk
gzq}gmgsg}tqgzmskzgq~gmkqsm
-EQRIM6IKAXES mtoq|g/QCAM"IMYES
ksg zt{ zngs sg t}k{kg k {gsngst zqtjtqks{ipoiiqg}kzgqgj~tsg~tos
hgktszqtjtqtokhh{tiqg}|zmi
|ggz}gskgjkskrggstszttzttjztk{{tjkigtoA idaeUmgzmsqm
kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAlyssUm idaeUm

sys t AlyssUm idaeUm gsgzkg |oqp

76

cUretUm |ztongzqzksgozkq{hkzgqgmqk
|g sk o{{ti ms zkqt~ to zto ts t
to  m  gqm |g t oiiqg}g to qnqto
kz|}nm|gstqt}smg{{jks|g}kqgssg
kstztos|zttAlyssUmgqgqmgs kstt
ozq~kstsmozkqh|mmmszkqt~m|tqo}

{| z{mno to ksg zqt}gs kig{kqt gz


ks{|gtg
pf ypsff jmtoqig zkqtqps jqps zsp gz t okqt ps  L ts xm{tqkm ng zqzk sg gzgitqkonk gomq |qg |tqo}tiqgtotqksti|to zspgzgL
zgqgskg|mj~pjqto|gjmtoqikggsnkom zkqt~ k ~kjs }o| |ggm h{mm
m tztg k |gm zkqzto  HA zkq{ghskg
t |ot v  k ts |pj| '2 )DI
/QNR gto{itogot ngzqzksgzqtgkonkpkns|nmgoq|gsgms~gqg~nkkjqto
tksgozthgnnkgzmsozkqht{|h|mmps
gitzqthps
kqgqp sggztooztz{mnotngzqzk
sgzkq}qg~nk ksggzt|{kntsgh|tsglg
|gsgzgqg|t{tonmnkmgsgissmmmh{mmig
gzkqtjt ks ~qmtztsgmszkqt~rp
gzmszkq}qgrmpqoqgsggztk{ggksgksngqqos|ngzqzksgjkqkosmnkmjosgmg
zkq}qgrm zkqkqps zkqt~s k ms |g{{m{m
gztlmpm ps zgqgjtg|s ~qms m im ps
tz|s|mstq}ps|g~pq|so{{tik{to
tooztz{mnotngzqzksgk{i~kg gs|gsg
zkqtqstgqnzkqpsngztqtksgo{{k~nkgsgtgksqikgjkszqt|g{kmjg|sjost ksg|g{{kqimnts}oztongjmtoqitos
ex sitUoztz{mnotzgotztqksggzt|mnk
zkqgqpzt{{gz{gg|o{|ztonggsgzgqg~nk
|g ng jgskmnk k tgs|t zto g{{ |g ng
zqtmnkkkzqggqzklkzkqpstt ng kzqk ms kz{ti m kzgsgkgipi t
{{tsmsjkrgipizkqgpsks~ompsz{mnos k zkqzpm zto t got}ok oztz{mnot
k{gpnts|pgzsg|qtqt

fflyzlmnrto{~tst|oztz{mnot to kjto ksg ispt gz ts tqks i|t to


xm{tqkmoiiqg}g~kzgqgmqktogz
got zto zt|{tos k iknt gz sts sg ks{|t tt p p {ik k|gtsjk ks{|g tg
ost{|z{mno zqt}gs ozkqhgskg
qgtg|gmk}smtokjtoksgzkqztoJL2ksmost{|zkqt~zto|gg{ghstos
g tg to kjto ztqk sg ksg {  JL2 ks
~tos zgqgmqmnk kqk |g osk~lksk kkg|qgkjg|osktogqntpsksm{|psgps
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
4tkjtksj~kgsghq|kgk|sjostkrggm
ozkqh|mmgzzqhgg |ztozqt|g{kthgq
g|qt~qstzqh{mgktqskzkqt~toxm{tqkm zq}gk kzk|k to tj|t j|to |g
tgormstgqngzskmszkqt~sgm
|qg|tqo}tiqgzspgzg~pqtoqtk
t~q |g gqk oztjk|stos m h|mm gz
zqhgggorskttztqksgh{kg}o
sg kk ms ztmg ps zgqgitsps zkqps
|g sg zgqkztjk ms ki|ggm gqh{ps
st jqt zto t  kzk|kstsgs ~q g 
L ztqksgjmtoqitoszkqgqp|sjsto p
mjgz{osmtotjtqgto togormsto toqt m ozkqo{{ti gz htgs|t |g
|mztoqtqtkskgm|gmitqgtoqpt65 ig
tkjt)5#. }psgkt|qqt$ kzkj
m|gmmstztgkrgz{skgksg|qkqmps
km2gtkjtjks~kt|qqt$ jtost-

-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

77

Alyssum lassiticum Halcsy

54

Cruciferae
Alyssum lassiticum Halcsy, Consp. Fl. Graec. Suppl. 1: 10 (1908).
ys ;{{  t qm t gnto= bIM
QTOERSQIBTR L ,AYAQI ,ARRISHI DIRSQ -IQABEKKNc  *TK
 Baldacci no  )SEQ #QESICTL !KSEQTL 
/{ozt75 (AKozt"- ' -/ 

ko|s qps |g to xm{tqkm  |g  qm


gst~p t sphacioticUm jg}qkg|qkqg
}{{g W LL tog|qkqtoztj|to
LL ztoksg~kjsjz{tps|kqgps|gt
ksjgmto ztoosnpgztk{kggzqk

jphpf| gsjm oz{ko|t }g q~p mngst {gt |gg|kkst m gsnt}qt k g|qgt


qjg|g }{{ps gsnt}qt |to   CL k gqg
}{{gv{{gk{{kz|pgs{ti~tkj jgkps
pWLL zo|s|g{ozksgjtkz}skk
k m{kztkjk gkqtkjk q~k k   g|sk
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78

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80

Alyssum sphacioticum Boiss. & Heldr.

54

Cruciferae
Alyssum sphacioticum Boiss. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 8: 35 (1849).
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81

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Alyssum tenium Halcsy

54

Cruciferae
Alyssum tenium Halcsy, Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 93 (1900).
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85

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86

Anchusa samothracica Bigazzi & Selvi



Boraginaceae
Anchusa samothracica Bigazzi & Selvi in Nord. J. Bot. 20(2): 141 (2000).
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Anthemis cretica L.
subsp. sibthorpii (Griseb.) Govaerts

$-

Compositae
Anthemis cretica L.subsp. sibthorpii (Griseb.) Govaerts,World Checklist Seed Pl. 1(1): 7 (1995).
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Anthemis glaberrima (Rech. f.) Greuter

"1

Compositae
Anthemis glaberrima (Rech. f.) Greuter in Candollea 23: 148 (1968).
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Anthemis macedonica Boiss. & Orph.


subsp. orbelica+<ID*=@MKM "M@PO@M

54

Compositae
Anthemis macedonica Boiss. & Orph. subsp. orbelica+<ID*=@MKM "M@PO@MDI2DGG?@IJRD<
(2003).
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  k koqkqt kzzkjt zkq{ghskg ts
jkns |g{tit m )5#. 7AKSEQ  'IKKESS 
ms |gmitqg 2 ig m to{igqg ms {{jg t
oztkjt ~gqg|mqlkg p 4qp 65 k hm ms
|gmitqtztmmm)5#.  |oqpkrgg
mzkqtqsmzkqt~k}sto|gmm
kpm to z{mnot to {ip m kr{rm m
jg| h{mm }gslkg |oqp k gst|
m{{tok rmq|ghqg~jknk kj|ksgm
lsmpsjqotjgs psjgstr|g|pst}qps

zrlzjnmjpisn 3GMK@Q1@SQ
orfrrsjsiopysnzs
orrlpyil

sp|g|pkz}skgmgrgsngmAnthemis macedonica RTBROorbelica vp{konkqjto 



Anthemis samariensis Turland

54

Compositae
Anthemis samariensis Turland in Willdenowia 38: 63 (2008).
3ys;{{ tqm tgsps=bHEAD
NF RIDE UAKKEX NF &AQAMGI 3ALAQIAR 3ALAQIA GNQGE
BESVEEM -S -EKIMDANT AMD !UKILAMAJNT +NQI 7 NF
0ESQADE    .    %  L
CQEUICENF. FACIMGUEQSICAKCAKCAQENTRCKIc *TK
N * TUrland  {ozt 50! ozt " + -/
50! 

jtnkztogz~toskgrtozkqztoJL
sys pi k |gg|qo}to ghkt{n|t
|qmst k |nkm  p  k okqt 
 L p zngs t }o sg k}gslkg kzm
~gm{kqg kq| ostj kjm ksg g g|{tong 

 ksjm| m qm  Anthyllis VUlneraria


AsperUla
idaea Athamanta macedonica AUbrieta deltoidea
*BUpleUrUm kakiskalae
CampanUla jacQUinii
CentaUrea
arGentea RTBRO macrothysana Cephalaria sQUamiora
Crepis fraasii
DianthUs jUniperinUs RTBRO jUniperinUs
*'aliUm frUticosUm HellenocarUm mUltiorUm
,omelosia
albocincta Odontites linkii RTBRO creticUs
Onobrychis
sphaciotica Potentilla speciosa|gSatUreja spinosa

jphpf| t{ok zqt|k}g{tq}m zg jgqtopCLq~pgzo|s kzqtoq~kg~s


}g k~g4 kko|qsztj|t|topL
|gstohqg~tsk ~kjszkskmskz}skg
to }ot {gt jg|{gjst k{g}q ro{jk
ms hm m gsnt}qg k{~m }qtsg }{{g |g
mssnmsnt}qth{gt|gg|kkstpqnt
g|qgt ipsjk |to CL ~pq}{{gk
{ig}{{gt|gkqto q~t~kjsq~t
k|gzmszkqt~gp|pgzt|k}{tv{{g|to   CL kjtkz}sktokqp
pzo|sq~p ~t W  LL {gg
  W  CL jzkqt~j |qt{thtosnp
 t|gnsgtojgqkstk gzt{m||ggk}{gtsqm kp{mstkj|gi{ptkjgsnjgsntj~mk{{ktkjp}gq|mssnmm
jgqto   LL q|g |kqgjp zqsg zto
kgzztos k |qsg |ggs {ti~tkj   W   
LL k gqg q~pg kgg skqpm hgno|gsm
|qzkjghgno|gsg khqgsjm kzo|s ghgnk
~k zg gsntj~m |ggspz{ ko| gs{ti~tkj   WLL g|qkqgpshqg|psms|gqzt}tqg|gLL khqgsjm{ptkjgsnjg
  k p{sg zqst zto kgzzk k |ggs
|o{sjq| jgkps    W     LL i{pjt
~kjsgzt|{sts|gmssnmm {ko| kzm|k 
W  LL|tkjgsnjg|qsg p{sg|o{sjq|g{{k}rm|tsttsto jgkps  W   LL {tht {ti~tkjk~gsg
g~st|gsg ks gs|ps| kz|m k  gg}k
ipsk k{g}q|gzksg         W  
LL~pqtszzzt kgnkskkz|kqghjk
kz}skg zo|s |g{osm k |qt|tz| {ko|
qghjtq}k }t{jk zzt oqq|spst k sg
jg|{tz{top LL kptzkqzto LL

3fqrs{ }zf Anthemis samariensis ksg {t m tjg m A cretica , m tztg zkq{ghsk


zngszkqkqgpsSAWAkjm|goztkjm zto
krgz{stsggzmszgsg|gms{ikqg~qts
g|gtsmtjg mA samariensisoiikskk zngs zkqkqt k ms A cretica RTBRO cassia
"NIRR 'QIEQRNMA cassia"NIRR ztozkqiq}m|kgz
t qt !JQA $A -S #ARRITR m  toq|g |ts
g stqg k m oqg |g ktikg| g|
tjgmA creticakzmgszqtpzkkgmsqm gz ms A abrotanifolia 7IKKD 'TRR m tztg ksg
ksjm|kom{qmzkq{ghgstspspsko|s
qps&QAMYMA p gotkjtksggq|k-

posof{fpmispt
jpsisfrms|spfsnlkgztstst~q
gq~toto{to ksgg~gsgpqltosgzgq~toto{to
johpf|{ jqyzol tz| ksjm| to tqkst
i|topsko|sqpsqm ispstgz

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAnthemis samariensis



tksjm|kjtAnthemis samariensisis kzsp |gthtzto|p gzgko|qmmqmvpTQKAMD 



jg}tqk|gzmA samariensisttq}t{ti|
t|gt|t{ti|{zkts4TQKAMD igzkqkqk{kztqkk

rmqgg4TQKAMD ozt{ikt|qmstzto
krkqkosnm|gs gszqtpzktos t zt{ t  ps
zngss |gg{{{ps htzps ig t kjt | zto
oztjk|skzngssgozq~ksgikntz{mnotmrmps~{jpspqpsgps
glkstgzqjqtggojkjtsg zqtkskgt~gqg|mqqp65 igtkjt }psg
kms)5#. g}tz{mqtgt|qqt$ j
tz{mno|gg{ghskgzt{|qzkqt~kintostJL2 kjtnkztogz~toszkqzto
JLkgrto

fflyzlmnrsgisptstjtoztz{mnot to kjto oztz{mno gz zto t


kjtzkqiq}m|k zkq{ghskto{~ts{ikk|gtsjk qg tg sg jkkqt oztz{mno
  JL stp m hqkg z{koq m |tqo} o{gs|tozkq{ghskto{~tsqgtgks
ozq~tosjkjtsg ztosgoztjk|stososk~lksk
kk g|qgk jg|osk to gqnt ps
gpstoz{mnot

pfypsffoztz{mnotngzqzksgzgqg|t{tontsg jgq| ks ng zqzk sg zqgigtztmntszqtk||qkoskpsqiqptqps k


sg kzmgsnts kzzqnkt oztz{mnot ngs
t zt |g{{m{k zkqt~ ksg go zto hq|tsg
sgm|tqo}o{gs|to mks|tqo}tiqg|gzkq{ghstostqt|stztojg~pqlk
~gqjqkmggq|gto{i

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


rggto|qmsjtohtzto ~kjs{ggtgksggzqgtgh|tsglgt|gts
snqpzt ks }gskg sg ozq~tos |sjost krgg
}o|s|ggqt}s ztongztqtgssgg}gstos
sgktosjqg|tsz{mnotokjtoz{mno~kjmkzhkgzikitsgztoosjtsg
k|gq|}gsksg zp~oqtskt zgik|g

-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

sp|g|pkz}skgmgrgsngtoksjm|tkjtoAnthemis samariensisgzgko|qmmqmvpTQKAMD 



54

Aquilegia nigricans Baumg.

Ranunculaceae
Aquilegia nigricans Baumg. in Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. Princip. Vindob. 2: 104 (1816).
ys t kjt ~k zkqiqg}k gz m togsg
/{ozt#, 

sysispzkqt~ ztomAQUileGia niGricans


k}gslkg ms {{jg hq|tsg k okqt gz
 p  L k r}pg |g zgqo} jgs k
&aGUs |g PinUs |g k | }o{{th{g jm tqkss
zkqt~ssgzkgkzkqkqt{ikqtoiq
qmkjzgqmpqg|{omgz}o{{th{to
nsto|gjsqg

nrrnf AQUileGia haenkeana +NCH 3XM &K 'EQL


(EKUED nom illeG
A VUlGaris , UAQ niGricans "ATLG 3CHTQ IM 6EQH
-ISSH3IEBEMBTQG6EQEIMR.ASTQVIRR(EQLAMMRSADS
 
A VUlGaris , RTBRO niGricans "ATLG $NLIM IM
0QERKIA  

fqrs{}zfqstoiiqg}k~tosozthhkmsAQUileGia niGricanskoztkjtzt|{gm
A VUlGaris, g{{gzi~qtstohtgs|t zpt
!JEQNXD |g3SQIDB ~kiskgztjk|p
jgkqtkjttistAQUileGia,ngzqzksgk{kmnkjkrtj||gsgzqgigtztmntszkqggjggoqkpskgrpskjs gtztgzkq{ghsk
ksg|gntqnkkht{ti|qztmtqtnmmps
kjs

jphpf|{itkzgksgkqpjg|{gjlkst ro{jkqlpgk{~mqng  CL kqp


~stjm kmgjksjkq~pgmhm|ggsgkistgjksjk|gmgjksjkggskqggg
v{{g hkp {ig k g|q ~t {gg koqp
qips|  W CL q~j gskqggg
gsq}pqips|pkoqpgsptkj osnp
 W  CL k{g}qphgnpq{thg!skqg
}{{g hgngp |qkqg gsgg ~g k zt{
|q iknt snm {ig ~mgltsg gst| snkthqo k{g}q|k|{sggsksgskgq hgnp
|ogs p k{gstjm rpkq| gg zkqgsnto
jksg  gzt|{stsg koqp k{{kz|  
LLpkq|gg}qtsgsk|qg pLL
kz|m ksg|oqz{|qt|to LL ztojkoqskgms|tqo}tskgq|kt k}gsg|qkqtpsmpstozkqgsnto tqst~tos
kgqgzkkmtsjm+gqzgztk{tkstgz
k{g}q|oqt qg}jk ~stjkn{g|kkzt{{ gjksjk q~k kspsto m hm |to 
LL kzt{{zqgg

fflyzlmnrk|nkz{mno~toszgqgmqmnkst{igpkq|jk|jk}oqkltsgpzkqkqt{kztkqkzgqgmqkzkjto
t{{ts
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
kkoqpzg||{g|gtkjtjksgzk{kg g{{p
{tmk{{ms|~{pqjgnkpqkgqp65 
jg|k|tsmkrz{pto kto{ito |qt|g

posof{ fpm n   UAM ,NNM 


6ARRIKEUA 
jpsisfrms|spftstpgq~to{to
johpf|{ jqyzol AQUileGia niGricans ksg
kjt m  oqzm t tztt k}gslkg k tqks
zkqt~ gzmsoqg~qms{{jg|ggzms
togsg~qmsko|tqpgms{{jgksgispstgznk3SQIDB ztogs|tosk
zkqt~ g qm q{g|g t qkhkss qt
tt gng |g {{m }m t pgsssps
|gtsqtttpgsssps|ggtq
gn t jgjk tqks zkqt~ ~gm{tqto
otqtom|g{{jgjks~tosg|mkqkosmnk zt{ |g{ ksg zngss sg ozq~k t ks {ip
kjtkzkqkqkzkqt~ g{{zspzgqgsk
zt{zst

kpiqg}|krz{pmmQUileGia niGricansms{{jg



jzgqtoz{mnotmgsksgmgs|gtoztqksg|ggqg}kgzsg|gstgo~
ikits zpsgtz|zqiqgggsgjpmg
jg|zoq|gi

mgs| t k|kgsk ht|tksk |g jg| zkqt~ ztogogsgzkg sgzgqgkstoskms


zgqgjtg|totq}tmjmtoqigzo|ssjgst|gtzoq|giztqtssgktosmgs|tok{{ms|tz{mnot

pfypsffks~tos{m}nkkj|qgig
t kjt ~q kqg g ms QUileGia niGricans ksg

tkjtAQUileGia niGricansgztqtqtvp!3SQID 

100

2TDL2LMFDPSN!PHRR2LMFDPSN

Arabis procurrens Waldst. & Kit.

o -3

Cruciferae
Arabis procurrensWaldst. & Kit., Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 2: 154 (1804).
ys;togsg=7aldstein no 02 
nrrnf A praecox 7AKDRS  +IS EW 7IKKD %MTL
(NQS"EQNK 
A recta"ATLGMNM6IKKIM(IRS0K$ATOH6IKKAQR 
 
jphpf|t{okzg kg|qzgqg}ojkk{~m|to   CL gstqnpsgpqng j~p
jg|{gjk iosk{ikj~jkq~kv{{g
qjg|ggsptkjpgs{ti~tkj  W LL
tr{m|g g|qggk Njskk|nkz{koq o~skjmgz~qpmms|pkz}skg iosk|
gzzgqo}|ggskqgm|pkz}skgzto
}qtosj~jkq~kv{{gh{gt  ~g ptkjpkz|m k|o|{|p|gqjtkjhm  
W LLgrgsngzt{ogsn htqotkj ~pqhq|g gz{ k {ik jg|{gjk m hm kzm|osksmms|gqzt}tqgtj|ttqlst  LL
zg{g kz|m ptkj    LL ios g z{koq|
g|tkjmhmg{g LL {ko|gr|gqzg
gqgqgiqgtkj    W  LL tqlst hg{hjkkkoj|qtkgtskqt |gqzt}qt
ztj|t ~q  LL zqgg kz|m     LL
{kg ~pqzkqig |ggs
posof{ fpm n     *AKAR 
3TNLIMEM 

skg ps }{{ps ps ptkjs p kzm|ps }{{ps


h{gtk|o|{|p|gqjtkjhm|gps{kzs
tqltsps |kqps |to   LL k ztj|to
g|qkqtopsLLoiiks|mkjmzpmA
Vochinensis3OQEMG|gm ferdinandi-cobUrGii*+EKK
3TEMDEQL jks ~tos ~q kqg gsg}kqnk gz ms
{{jg
ffl yzlmnr k{{ms| z{mno to
kjto hq|kg ms  |g  tjzm |g jg|qskg
to{~ts k  oztz{mnot %KEHEQIADNT 
AK   kig{kqt oztz{mno hqnm|k
ms zkqt~ qo zto k|nm|k ozq~tos
zkqkqggztgoz{tztoztz{mnot
ksg zt{ |qkqt |g k|nm|k gztk{tsg
ost{|gz{ikqgpsgpsost{|
gqn ps pqps gps ms zkqt~ krz{pm
mArabis procUrrensms{{jgksgj|t{t kzto
zgqst sg k|mnk k g|qhkg ng zqzk p sg
zkq{ghsk zkqkqg gz  tg zkqt~
k}smtokjtoksg~k||q JL2
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
tkjt~gqg|mqlkgp~kjszk{tkst.4 k
hm ms |gmitqtztmm m )5#.   |oqpkrggmzkqtqsmzkqt~k}sto
ms{{jg
Arabis procUrrens jks }gskg sg gskpzlk

jpsisfrms|spfzq{tpt
johpf|{jqyzolost{|krz{pmtokjtozkq{ghskggqzng|gtqkszkqt~
to  gt m g{|gs| kqtsto to{igqg {{jg zqmstoi|t{ghg togsg sg}tq
gzm{thg|gjkskzhkhgnm|gsmngiksms
k~g zto|g{{kqikgzkqgg|khqg~|mzto
|gztqksgjg}kikms{{jgksgispst
gzmstqtkqmtjzmvqg| sg kzjg
qo %KEHEQIADNTAK 4RIQIOIDIR!SHAMARIADIR 4AMAK 
systkjt}kgkhq~tokhqgkkj}mk{kz}o{{tzmg kjm&aGUs zgskqgk
|qgstiggjgpspsk|kpsk1UercUs ROO
PinUs niGra|gP sylVestris kiqgsmghk{nt k
okqt  L%KEHEQIADNTAK
4AMAK 
fqrs{}zf Arabis procUrrens jg|qskggz
{{gk{{ms|kjmtoistokrggpsg|qszgqg}ojps toj~jtq~gtms|pkz}-

kpiqg}|krz{pmmArabis procUrrensms{{jg

101

|ztts kt |sjost krg}sm t kii {{ts


ptgsnqzskjqgmqmkmszkqt~ztqk
sg zqt|g{tos kpm to z{mnot gqgmqnm|kmkrz{pmtoz{mnottokjtokostkg
gzmjzgmm|ttimtojto mszgqrm
gstips |g ioss zqgss jg|s jqps ztsp tkz{k||o{ttk mjgqmmpsgstips|gmosqmmpsjg|sjqps |gn|g
m jstrm sps jg|s jqps |g qg|kqtjqps
kosttsmjgqmm|gmsgrmmtoz{mnotto
kjto ks m zo|s oi|pm ps jgs m jpm
psgstips|gmmosqmm|gjstrmjg|s
jqpskzmqkltos zngs gqsm|tooztz{mnottokjto
oztz{mnotmszkqt~tovqg|tzngs
sgjgq~toskig{kqt|sjost kzkjjksiskg|g-

g jg~kq| kzhgm ks to jgmqmto smktotogqnstotovqg|t


pfypsff{{gi ztongztqtgssgkzjqtosgqsm|sgozthgntosmsztmgto
zkqh{{tstmArabis procUrrens ngzqzksggzt}ko~nts w |qt qt zqtgg zqtkskg t
m ksmqpm ps gqjps jg~kq|s gq~s t
|gtokoqkqto|tstztojghkjqgmqtztkg
g jm m zkqt~ zm zqzk sg isk z{qm
|ggiqg} to z{mnot k sg |ggk josg m
k{|sgrtomkggz|gmitqkgzk{tkspskjsm)5#.  
orfrrsjsiopysnzs
zrlzjnmjpisnorrlpyil

tkjtArabis procUrrensgzmstqtkqmtjzmvp+ktjpqzto{t 

102

Arenaria leucadia Phitos & Strid

N$-

Caryophyllaceae
Arenaria leucadia Phitos & Strid in Bot. Chron. 11: 55 (1994).
3ys;{{)N) stt tko|=b.RIDE
CJL.7NFSHESNVM RAMDXREARHNQE CL N
. N %c-AX Constantinidis & Strid
/{ozt50!)ozt# 
jphpf| tstk zg k zt{oqnto {kzt
h{gt|to   CLgkqtqtto}ot
zo|s~stjk mgjksjk tgskqt|g{ozkst
kgjksjk|gmgjksjkq~kgkqg}{{g
toh{gtzgto{tkj |to   LL ~gk skqg gkgg|ggskqg~g ptkj
q~pgrgsng~k|zo|s snkthqo k
  snm |g{osm k zo|s kz|k gjksjk
q~k q|g |to     LL ptkj {ti~tkj
trgzg{g|to     LL ptkj {ti~tkj
tr{m|g gjksjm k|qzkjgz{gpkhqgsjm
g{g gsptkj t|m k{g}q g|qkqg ps
kz{ps {ko|gptkj k|{mqt~pg t|mzqtgzg{gzqggzkqzto W LL
sk}qtkj gqgk|qgzkqtiio{psg}og
posof{ fpm 2n   0HISNR  3SQID
 
jpsis frms|spf !zggzq{to~qg
{mgto
johpf|{ jqyzol tz| ksjm| m sto
ko|jg gs isp ~q zq}gg st gz t
locUs classicUs msgjmzgqg{gtog|qpmqtooqzkqg 0HISNR  3SQID   q}gk ~{pqj|
o{{timstmko|jgqi|to k~gs
p gzt{kg ms kqkm to kjto |gna {t t |tpsgtnssm|gzgqg{g|lsmzto
~mgltsgghqkgm{stn{ggmz{m
m ko|jg gz t g|qpqt oqzkqg ~q to
{to zp kzm |g k  g|m |qt oztz{mnot mszgqg{gng mszgqg{gg{|g
tqtg|qt}p mA leUcadia gsg}qnm|k
gzmsk}g{{msg kjg}tqk|zkqh{{ts |gn
|gktqkszkqt~mko|jgTQSNM 
skgonktokjto~qkltsgkzhkhgpm
sys Arenaria leUcadia ksg g{}t kjt t
~gqg|mq| htzt to tztto ksg t gjk
zgqg{ktosmt zto}kgk|g{gskzoisk
|tspsk ~gqg|mq|s gt}{ps kjs zp g
Cakile maritima %rynGiUm maritimUm 'laUciUm aVUm
-alcolmia maritima OtanthUs maritimUs Silene colorata
-edicaGo marina %chinophora spinosa CrithmUm
maritimUm Anthemis pereGrina | t qt g|
k}gslkg k |qt oztz{mnot gjk

ki|t{zk zto ~mgltsg to zgqgng{to


ghkt{n|t hq~to m zkqt~ ks ts g{
~mglk |q oztz{mno ms sp lsm m
gjto zgqg{g gl k {{g kjm }os zp g
%chinophora spinosa -atthiola tricUspidata &Umana
thymifolia Anthyllis hermanniae %rynGiUm maritimUm
CoridothymUs capitatUs|
fqrs{}zfArenaria leUcadiaksgoiiks
k ms A conferta "NIRR |g ms A serpyllifolia , ms
ko|jg osgsgk|tz{mnotkmskoqpkrgz{psm|gosnpkqgz{tkjA serpyllifolia
, m tztg ~k hqg~kqg zg{g g|qkqg ktitsg jggg |g |qkqg zqgg k tr{m|g
}og z ms kzm jz{tkj A conferta jg}qk
ttiknt|gmstq}pszkqps|gto
q~gm t|gtshtzt g}tmk{kogg
ksg sg zkq{}t tqks SAWNM t tztt gzgs k
okqt  L0HISNR#NMRSAMSIMIDIRA 
ffl yzlmnr Arenaria leUcadia ~mglk |qt oztz{mnot ms zkqt~ to g|qpmqtooqzkqgtgst~toztz{mnoosgg
gz zkqzto  tg |g ms zkqt~ ps {ps
gz zkqzto  tg kgr gos ps jt nkpshqnm|gsk{~g|gjg|tqzsgtggot
tokjtomszgqg{gtogngt~mglksgs

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoArenaria leUcadia



g|m |q oztz{mno gztk{tkst gz  zkqztotg|gmsgjmzgqg{g|lsmtog{t


t oztz{mno gqnk zkqzto  tg t qt
g|kqnm|gszkqztotgost{| k{m
ms zkqt~ krz{p m |ggkqnm|gs {ikqg
gztgqi|to 
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
zgqgng{thtzt totztto}kgmArenaria
leUcadia j~tsgki{tsgqnskz|kzs|gms
nkqszkqtjt|ggogztk{kmgs|gzk{igt
kjtzkj p t}ogsnlk|ggzgsnlkkspq ms strm |g ms nkqs zkqtjt koq|kg oz
mstq}zkqpshonspsmstgzt}kikgtkt|sjost|ggqt}to|gms
jq|kgmzgqgnkq|zkqjtog|gzk{ig
t}ogztk{km|ggzmmmzgqg{g|lsm m
tztgt}k{kgkkkqigtg{tztmmpsnssk
|gz| m~gsgg gz ts t ko|jg zkqt~
{stn{gg kkkqigtoq|oztjtzgqg{gmzkqt~ng kkj}tqkkzlkjqgmqmk tztkkzjjtsgtkz|zk
pszgqg{stosmtktjtm~gst|spsps
gtnsk qmgztqqps| 
rlksgmkpnk gs|gmzkqt~m{stn{ggmz{mmko|jg~kksg~nkt|ot
zqtgkotsps zkqt~s v  '2

t|gnkzqtggjks~k tog| |ggzqg||k}gqti


qtkstok sg |ggg~nk m Arenaria leUcadia ms
|gmitqg ps sjoskosps %. m )5#. 
krggmzkqtqsmzkqt~k}sm ps
gzk{sztogskpzltostoztz{mnotm|gm
ozthnmmztmgpst|tzpsmg|qqg"A BIII |g#gI |g{ztosmszkqzpmmA
leUcadia
pfypsffztkjztkg{{giztongztqtgssgkzjqtosgqsm|sgozthgntosms
ztmg ps htzps m Arenaria leUcadia ng zqzk
sggzt}ko~ntsjgkqg mszkqt~togngt
ztoj~kgki{mtoq|zm|gmnkqszkqtjt zqtkskgmk{ki~ksm|smmpst~mps k
khgzqtt}o|zkqh{{ts
k zgqtk zkqt~ toq| jqgmqmg
ksj~kg g qg zqtgg ps htzps sg ksg
j|t{ggsgztk{kg|szkzkqzk zqtkstokms|g{{qikggottokjtoktgs|t
zto|gm}{grmpszkqpstokqzklk
ksk|t{|t kks|ztk~qkgnk sgkzgsg}kqnktkjtkg}g{kqknkpsmkqss
{{pszkqt~sk}gskto

tksjm|kjtArenaria leUcadia gzmsstko|jgvpgqm 



lpsussfpgpfph{sn

54

Armeria johnseniiPapan. & Kokkini

Plumbaginaceae
Armeria johnseniiPapan. & Kokkini in Willdenowia 12: 221 (1982).
ys ;{{ 7!E t htg= bAD OQNLNSNQITL
ATRSQN NCCIDEMSAKELIMRTKAE IMRAWNRIRKISNQEIRc *TM
 + H RechinGer f {ozt7 
jphpf|vozt{ok zo|szqt|k}g{tq}t
v{{ggz{ ksiqgtkj ksgskqt g|qgg
{kg i{go| tro|qo}g kkz}okzqgst|qsto
gjsk |g jt kz}skk jtq}| snt}qt
h{gt{kzt |to CL |o{sjq|t p{mstkjk {kt k kz}ok zqst|qsto gjsk |oqp
mhmtok}{t|q jgqto LLq|g zkqh{gt |ggs khqgsjm g krpkq|
ptkj ptkj qips|     W     LL k
gz{mrmqgsmzqtgp|gz{gkhqgsjm
zkqnqg gkpkq|gsptkj   }tqt|tpskrpkq|s kz{gkqgkhqgsjmzkqnqg|gk|tqo}k{g}qgh{kgg~jtksg
jtsnm zkqhg{{kstgzsgki{tgsn|hq|t
tj|tgsnps|to   LL{o|g~tgstkj |to    LL ozkq{ghgststo to igsto|gtoz{|qto kq~k|g|tps|qps
skqps z{|qthqg~ |to   LL k|o|{|
pptkjto{ p{sg|tozkqztoLL ~k{t
|{o|gkkhqgsjkzo~kk}sm{ko|
posof{fpmn qi|g 
jpsisfrms|spftst itot

zgq|tohtztoztogsgzkgksggkr
CichoriUm spinosUm Silene sedoides RTBRO sedoides
CentaUrea raphaninaRTBROmixta Anthyllis hermanniae
AlliUm GUttatUmRTBROsardoUm SedUm litoreUm PhleUm
arenariUm DesmaZeria marina Reichardia picroides|
fqrs{}zfArmeria johnseniiksgoiiks
kmsA canescens(NRS "NIRR sgtqkskjtkki{mzt|{ttq}g ztokrgz{skgms|gkiktg~kjsjtq}|}{{gkkskhqgsjm
zkqnqg|ggkrpkq|hq|gztoksghqg~kqg
gzggh{gkpkq| ksggmgs|kqg|ts
~gqg|mq|psjtkjswt mA johnseniijg|qskgk|t{ggzmsA canescensgztokz}ok
zqgst|qsto gjsk to gsnt}qto h{gt
|g g }{{g g krpkq| hq|g k ~gqg|mq|
qgsm zqt g p gz{mrm ts |qkqt |{o|gkq~kst|g|tps|qpsskqps|g
tohqg~kqtoztj|topsg~ojpszm mA
johnsenii gsgzkg k zgq|k zkqt~ ks m A
canescensksgtqkskjt|ggsgzkgosnp
k okqg kig{kqg ps  L qi|g  
|qkqktq}t{ti|ttmkkmsA johnsenii
zgqtolkkzmmA icarica%DLNMDRNM ksjm|kjtpstqps{g|gnqgm|gqg
}psgkto0AOAMICNKANT+NJJIMI g
o{{tigzmsstgolkgkmsA johnseniik
{to to tq}t{ti|t ~gqg|qk k| gz ts

johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| kjt m {{jg


spstgzmskoqkqmzkqt~tog|qpmqto
g}mqghtqt t|qtmhtg
sysArmeria johnseniigsgzkgkzgq|g
hq~g |g zkqjk nk t ikp{ti| ozqpg
mszkqt~krz{pmtokjtogztk{kg|oqp
gz |qog{{|t ~t{nto }gslkg k okqt   L k zt{ |q gzgm gz ms g|
kk{kzkqzkgtgtokjtosg
j~tsgggitsjgng{gstskqtgzts~oq |og zto kz|qgk m n{gg m zkqt~
qi|g 
zkqkqt oztz{mnot m A johnsenii
zgqgmqnm|gs ms zgqg{g| lsm k nk zto
~gqg|mqltsg gz om{ g{gmg m tztg
|gnjgkqgg}{rkskiggzkqkqg}o|
kjm t ztt }ot|{om nk go ksg
~gm{|gosnpjksrkzkqstktqsk
zkqzkzgqgmqnm|kjkjomgpstokjto
k iksltok jgz{k }qoisps k CentaUrea
spinosa RTBRO spinosa |g SarcopoteriUm spinosUm
{{gkjmztoo~sostjktosmsA johnseniito

105

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoArmeria johnsenii

k{g}q kig{kqt |{o|g   LL  kigg zto


o{{~nm|gskgikskqggzj}tqkzkqt~m
sto 0AMISRA  AK  gs|tos ms A cariensis
"NIRRUAQcariensis sgkjtkkrz{pmtg m g{|gs| kqtsto |g ms toq|g 0IMSN
DA3IKUA "NJHAQI%DLNMDRNM kqgqp
qkosg|qskggzgqgmm igsggztg}msntsz{qpttgrst||gnkt|gtkrgz{k
pskjstogrst|j|t{toistoArmeriams
zkqt~toigto
fflyzlmnrArmeria johnsenii~mglk
|qt oztz{mnot zto krgz{stsg iqp gz
mszkqt~tog|qpmqtog}mqghtqt ~qkqg zskoztz{mnottokjtoksgispt
gzkrzkqt~itqmiqtg|qpqtg}mqg gqg{goijg{ qt{ggst
|qpqtgs{|ggqg{gg{{gssg}o
to g|qpmqto g}mqg ~mgltos t kig{kqt
isp oztz{mno to kjto zto gqnk zkqzto
 tgoz{tztoztz{mnotksg|qkqt|ggqntskq|jk|jktgt|gnsg
ost{|gqnpsgpstokjtoozt{tilkg
jksozkqhgskgqi|g 
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
Armeria johnseniigsgzkgkzgqg{g|hq~g|g
zkqjknkktqskzkqzkmzqhgm
k go jks ksg k|t{m zm t zkqt~ krz{pmhq|tsgosnpg|qgzt|t|gt

tj|j|otmzkqt~ksgoztozjkwt t
jgkqk |tsps| zt{| |g t|tst| osn|k zto kz|qgtgs t ht qt ig zt{{t
gsk |g kzqkgs m jgqmm ~q kqg ps
tsgj|s t|tomps m zkqt~ }gskg sg
g{{ltos g k{kogg ~qsg k iqitqto qont
toq|gszormmzkqt~|ggqigoztjtztogooskzikggztk{tstqg|sjostig
tooztz{mnottokjto tzktotztto
gsgskgsgksgntsmgs|gqjkiggztk{k
mkz|gmgk{kogg~qsgtojqto~qtk||{m|toitoqmitqtotg|qpqtg}mqg
jz{gg|qhgztkig{kqtispoztz{mno
mA johnseniitkjt~gqg|mqlkgpqp65
khmms|gmitqtztmmm)5#. }psg
kg|qqg$ 
pfypsffz{ktm}gpsoztz{mnos
mArmeria johnseniizkq{ghskgkzkqt~to|topst|t{ti|mgs|szkqt~sv
wt |gssgqtjks~k{m}nk~qkqgig
mstog|zqtggps}os
gztqtz |ggqt}|s kzkhkps to htztotokjto mzgqg|t{tnmmps}o|soztz{mnos to |g m ex sitU jgqmm k tgs|t
zto|gqzklkzkqpsksggzgqgmkksqikkigmsgztk{kg|zqtggto

tksjm|kjtArmeria johnseniigztg|qpqtg}mqgmhtgvpqi|g 

106

frfhlph{f

54

Arum cyrenaicum Hruby

Araceae
Arum cyrenaicum Hruby in Bull. Soc. Bot. Genve 4: 159 (1912).
j{nys "NXCE    ;hm= b"EMGHAYI
,ESHEc -AQS' 

commUnis TamUs commUnis Hedera helix ,ecokia cretica |g


PetromarUla pinnata

jphpf| tsjo{jm zg zto h{gsk spq t


}nszpqt sjo{t |gg|qo}t    W    CL
~t hgnozqst k ztq}oqtjk gzt~qk
|o{sjq|   CL {gg}{{to~kjs{zs
hgnozqst koqp qips|    W   CL k
|tqo}gh{kgpmtr{m|mgrgsngkk{g}q
t |tzq g{ito zt grgsng m{zst
zqst k kz|k oztzqsk |g ztq}oqtjk
qghjk |o{sjq|  CL hqg~kqtps}{{psznm  CL kp{sgoztzqstkrpkq||gkksztq}oqtjkzkqnqt kpkq|hgnpztq}oqtjm kgqzkgkp~qtzqstzqt
ms hm |o{sjq| kstkst zqt ms |tqo}
   W    CL {pjt znm qnt k |tqo}
|oq|gmspqgsm   W  CL tr{m|t
zj|g  CL |tozkqztototoi{pjtomznm n{kgsnmk|o{sjq|ojg
W  LL itsgsnmkkq ~mgltsglsm LL |gkqmksjkmlsm  LL
qqksg snm k hqg~p |o{sjq| lsm    W  
LL gskqmksjkmlsm LL gsjmk
kq ~mgltsglsm LL gz}omhgnp
ztq}oqtjmkk{g}qk{gtzqsm~qt kz|m
ks|tqostkj  W LLgr|gqzghqg~p|o{sjq|   W  CL qikgztkjk  
W LL

fqrs{}zftArUm cyrenaicUmgsg|g{}nm|k
ms{{jggzts7'QETSEQ|gms5-ASSHRts
tto7 'reUter  " |ggskrqmggz
ms - "QIGGR t  4TQKAMD   hqjg kgr
toA cyrenaicUm|gto A concinnatUmgsg}qnm|gs
gqikqggzts"NXCE kksjkg~gqg|mq| ps itsps to t A cyrenaicUm }gskg sg
~klkg k t A pUrpUreospathUm 0 # "NXCE p
gjtkjmksgtq}t{ti|jg|qkrgz{k
psjtgoskjsmsqmjksozztos gs|g
zqtkiiltoskgzgmpJL
fflyzlmnr-~qi~tosgsg}kqnk kq oztz{mnot to kjto ms {{jg
kig{kqthq|kgk|t{jgztgtmg{g~pqg kz|ksqpstt~pq{n|gk|kskg
kokqtgzpLjkkqtk}gslkgkokqtL thtqktgsgt{|gto
jtooz{igt|t{jps |tstgztg|qost
~pq zsg qt kstzlkg  m zsg ms
{{mz{koqm|tqo}tiqgtoqtoitms
kokqtL|tstzgst~q kz{kig
|t{jpszto~mgltsgsgto~pqttig
gqtk}gslkggL t~pqzt
hqkkz{koqpsko|sqpsgqntpspq-

posof{fpmispt
jpsisfrms|spfsnlkgztsqtpts
zq{tspqtsthqkkz{koqpsko|sqps
johpf|{jqyzolms{{jgispstgz
ms  qm zgq~g k{sto t z{kig |t{jps zto |gg{itos ms g{g~pqg |g g tig
|gn|ggzmszgq~gojpsg hqkkz{koqpsko|sqps|{{jg tkjtzkqtqlkgmszkqt~mhmztokz|qgkktikg||{g
sys sgzkg kgr ~t{n|s hq~ps
|tskqkgztohq|tsgkjmztokz|qgts|gstztm|pom{kzzkjgoiqgg kkjm
zp m Castanea satiVa t PlatanUs orientalis |g k
okqt L~kkzm|ggiqg}kkhk
t~ps g~pqmzkqt~}gslkgglkkjm
zp g 
 ksjm| m qm  ArUm concinnatUm
*CampanUla cretica Cyclamen creticUm Dioscorea

107

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoArUm cyrenaicUm ms{{jg

psgpskgottooztz{mnotksgk}gs|qtmzsg tstto toiiqg}g


hq|kstkq|{ikqggz qgtg gl
ktqsggsqgtg gtztgzngsgggsA
cyrenaicUm|g~A concinnatUm ttzttkzm}kgmszkqt~ |qhkgqntigto{{tojt
oztz{mnot jks ksg ispt stt }psg
kts "NXCE zkq{ghstosstkq|tg
sg kztsp zngss ms qm ozq~tos {ikqggzqgtgtokjtoost{|zkqt~zto|gg{ghstosksgkzmispm pt
zngsgg|qkqmpsJL2
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
zk{igtArUm cyrenaicUm msqmngztqtgs
sgksgm|ggqt}tohtztotogzmsjgz{osmjqps mkgqtzjg|szkqt~skk{gsk|gmtzjpmkm~gs|gki{psk|kps
|m|g~pqgl|jggqg~tokj}to m|tz
psjsqps|pgzgtztggsgzkgtArUm
ngk~kpgzt{kgmsgormsmm{g|g|stht{g
mtztgk|gstztm|kzzkjgoiqggngtjmitk

kg~kggszormzo|s |{kh{mmztong
gsgipslgsg}otoArUm
zp t ArUm pUrpUreospathUm t A cyrenaicUm
~k gsnt|t| ksjg}qts krgg to k{|o|t
to}o{{gt|gtoztq}oqtjto~qgtto
zj|g|gmznmtikitsgogztk{kksjk~ksm gzk{ krgg m zngs gzt|qosm ps
zkqps ps |tsj{ps gz jk ~kqkqg
gz ki{m |{g|g kztq|t o{{|k ms {{jg zqtkskg m |gmitqg qp 65 ig t kjt
}psgkg|qqg$  m)5#. 
pf ypsff g zqzk sg o{{k~nts zqggtokjto sg|g{{kqimnts}oktgs|t
zto|gsggsgzgqg~nts4NArUm cyrenaicUmksg
sgkjtk|t{m|g{{qikgk|ztokktikg|
|{gpsgso{|zto~ko{{k~nkmsqm|g{{kqikgjmmsqkgsg tg{|ttgs|t
zto+EV |gn|gtszkqgg|tgs|zt
toqigmqtotgs|togskzmtogqs
-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

t kjt ArUm cyrenaicUm gz ms st


qmvp*&IEKDIMG 

108

54

Arum purpureospathum P. C. Boyce

Araceae
Arum purpureospathum P. C. Boyce in Aroideana 10(1): 8 (1987).
3ys ;{{  t qm t gsps=
b%OAQCHIA3FAJINM !GIA2NTLEKI IMEKDBERIDECHTQCH
GQNVIMG IM RSNMX SEQQA QNRRA AMD RHNQS GQARRc  !OQIK
 Boyce {ozt+ 
jphpf|tjk}ok|tsjo{jkqlpgsjo{t |gg|qo}t  W  CL v{{g   ~t hgnozqst k ztq}oqtjk qghjk |g |m{jk
|to CL {ggg~stzqst {zs kqips|t {tht |g tr{m|m p gzkqtiio{ksm
gz{mrm  W CLgrgsng CLzkq{ghgstsm m znm p{sg znm krpkq|
zqst kkz|kztq}oqtjkqghjk|g|m{jk m q~m kpkq| tttq}g ztq}oqtjm
qtzg{tkj |o{sjq|  W   CL hgngp
kstkstzqtms|tqo}{pjtznmqnt
kkrgqkmg CLt|tqo}gtgto ttztt
ksg|oqzqtgkzq krpkq|hgnozqstm
hm toz{tzthgnztq}oqtjk {zs kpkq| k{g}q ztq}oqtjk p hgn {gzkq ztq}oqtjk zgspkngz~qpg koqp{ti~tkj  W CL kkz|m tr{m|m|tqo}
zj|g |to    CL ozkq{ghgstsm m
gz}om k |t zkqzto t   to i{pjto n{kgsnmk|o{sjq|tjgjgkps 
W LL itsgn{kgsnmkzkqztokq ~mgltsg lsm   LL ~gm{kqm ksjkm lsm
 LL qqksgsnmkhqg~p|o{sjq|lsm 
W LL gskqmksjkmlsm LL gsjm
kkq ~mgltsglsm LL gz}omk{gstzq}oqm |tqostkj |o{sjq|  W  LL
|tqo}gh{kggqztgrgkz|m |o{sjq|   
W  CLikztqt|g{qonqk|gmspqgsm
 W LLzqgg|ggs }gq|

posof{fpmispt

fqrs{}zftArUm pUrpUreospathUmksgt
oiikskqttoA cyrenaicUm(QTBX kskjtozto
nkpqkt ig gq|k jmg p ksjm| m hm
g{{ zq}gg hqnm|k |g m  qm 4TQKAMD
 qigkto'QETSEQ |gto"NXCE
  gsjkrgs ms zt|{mg m t|tiskg
!QACEAEmsqm ztokjm gtztggs|tosk
ism ksgisp~qkqgj|kqg msqm
gzgstskjmtoistoArUm
fflyzlmnrtArUm pUrpUreospathUmksgispgzzskoztz{mnotsgksgtlocUs classicUs ttztthq|kgkgrigto{m
|gg{gigto{m msrtjtto}gqgiit
mggq tjkkqtmsrtjtto}gqgiitto
{iggsgt{| tqthq|kgkkig{kqt
okqt kq| ~{kqg gsgt{|kqg |g t oz{tztjt gq|kzkqtqstkgqngps hq|tsg|g|tmg|kgrmigto{m
|gto~pqttoq
ost{| gqn ps pqps gps jks ksg
isp g{{khkhgmgjksozkqhgskg|g
most{|zkqt~zto|gg{ghskjksksgkig{kqmgzJL2ks~toszgqgmqmnkjg|oskto
gqntpspqpsgps|g~qkqgjksozq~ksjkrmtkjt}nsk

jpsis frms|spf snlk gz ts vkhqtoqt


ptszq{t
johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|mqm zgq~g}g|ps
syspgzjsjqg Ceratonia siliQUa kk{gsk kngsskkAnaGyris foetida k|kqnk
gskg k ghkt{n|t hq~to |g kqkzpsg
|qg mhmgztpshqg~pjsz{gis k~gm{~{m zgskqgkg|gmngsjmh{mm
k ~kjs ios hqg~jk z{gi zgqgng{k
gjk k|k ts locUs classicUs g }o ztqk
sghqkntsjzgqgk|qtgiqt|grkqt{n
}gslkggztkzzkjtmn{ggpgL



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoArUm pUrpUreospathUm

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


kq oztz{mnot hq|tsg k zkqt~ zto
ozq~k t ksjk~kst jggqg~ kk krgg m
om{ toq| zkm krgg m |g{{qikg
m k{ hq|tsg |ts k |gt|msk zkqt~
|gjqtogsnqzskjqgmqmkngztqtgsk|t{gsgzqt|g{tosh{hksg|ggqtos
|ztts gz to oztz{mnot g|g |g to
kq s o{tztmnts ~jg ig ms |gg|ko
jqto gsgt{| m ig to{m |g |t m
g| m |gg|kog| kqigg ~kjs k hkhgmg ng h{gzk ng |gqk}k to jt |qkqto
oztz{mnot to ArUm pUrpUreospathUm g to
oztz{mnot gsgt{|to}gqgiitmggq
k}gslkg k k{gsk zto t {ki~t ps llgsps
km~qmllgst|spsngztqtksgkrtskg
}otkjt~kmgs|gsnt|t|grg|gmgzt|qosmpszkqpsps|tsj{psgzjk
~kqtqggzo{{|kki{mkztq||{g|g
gztk{kmgs|gzk{
}psgkgsg}kqkskgzk{|gms|ggm to z{mnot zqtkskg m |gmitqg qp
65 igtkjt kzkj|gstzttsgg|qqg$ 
m)5#. 
,pf ypsff oztz{mno to locUs classicUs to ArUm pUrpUreospathUm kstzlkg ks ps
tqpstons|tqottovgqgiitmggq
ztogzgitqkkgmo{{tips}osjgsto

st zto ~tos ks ps tqps ps ns|s qosngzqzksgk}gqltsg|gtkqigkztoosjtsgktstoqjksngzqzksglmstost


htzt ps }os gqttp g ~jg t|tjt|s
kqigsmsg|migto{m msktjtto
}gqgiit m ggq ng zqzk sg zgqg|t{tontsg k sg ozq~k m hkhgmg g }o to A
pUrpUreospathUmjksngkzmqkgnts zm mjstrmjqto|g|tmg|zqtmsigto{m
}gskg ng gzhgsk zkqkqt lmtist zgq
kzp}k{ g}t kgrps{{ps ngg{{tpskmgs|msitmkgto}o|ttztojt|kps
k{gsps zto t A pUrpUreospathUm k}gslkg ng
zqzksgksngqqstsgsgms~qmtzttsllgst|sg to{~ts sg gzt}kitos ts k|g g
}otoisto ArUm
4N rUm pUrpUreospathUm |g{{kqikgz{tsgnkqmsoqzm |oqpgzzqgg gtztg~tos
o{{k~nk gz |g{{kqitksg }o ks ksg isp
ks zqgg |sjo{t to kjto krg|t{tonts sg
o{{itsg ig gsnt|t|t |tzt gz got}o
}ogtgjqgmqmgnggsk{kp|tzm
kzkj~kgztjk~nkt}oksgsgk|t{t}ot|t|kjt gsjkskzmqklkggzosn|kzgikt
osk~ gsgzgqgipi ps }os gz zqgg k
|g{{qikgzqt}qkgntjt mtztgkiiogms
osk~lksmkzhpmtokjto
-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC/DRDP!MWBD

grgsnggqkq |ggr|gqzgjkr tokjtoArUm pUrpUreospathUmgzmsigto{m zgq~g}g|psvp4TQKAMD 

110

Asperula baenitzii Heldr. ex Boiss.



Rubiaceae
Asperula baenitziiHeldr. ex Boiss., Fl. Orient. Suppl.: 280 (1888).
ys ;{{ 3S% kqk {{ t |= bIM
QTOITL RRTQIR QEGINMIR ABIESIMAE LNMSIR 0ASEQAR AKS
a aC L c *TM C Bartholomatossozt!4(5 :4 
jphpf|t{okkjtkoziktqlpg ~mglts|qojkqth{gt|to   
CL gz{t zgsp jg|{gjlkst kstk gztro{pstmhm o~skgqgq~pm gsgztsg
t|g{t|gqgzh{gm|tt}ng{ttozikt
qlpg ks gztrmqgstsg k ms |gqzt}tqg ts
knkzkst ~ksg v{{g k ztsj{to ps  g
gskqg koqp {ti~tkj   W   LL k{g}q
gjqzqtg|qzkjg g|gkqg|qkqg|gzg~kqg  W   LL ptkjpk{{kz| jkqgjmsnm~gk|q~t tsqmzgsp
gsjt toztsj{tops}{{ps {ko|p|qkjmk}sm|to  LL ~tgstkj {kgp
g} q~p kqt gstigt snto zkqzto
 LL {tht|to   LL kz|k qips|t
|k|gstzqtgpsnqk|qst ptn|m{kg
kzkz{gosm|tqo}~lt|qzg|to  LL
qojjm gqggspqtos
posof{fpmn #NMRSAMSIMIDIR
AK 
jpsisfrms|spftpgq~oitto

kqggzgtztgkrgz{stsgktqks ghkt{n||gjt{t|nkgztqs~qm
g{{gms{{jgksgzgqsgkjmmRECSIN gz
gtztgksgksjm|
t oiikskqt kjt m AsperUla baenitZii ksg m
A mUscosa "NIRR(EKDQ kstztksjm|kjtto
qto{oztA mUscosa jgnkkig{kqtoh{gt|to CL g}{{gm~mgltosztsj{tops  ksg|qzkjgmk}sm~tosjkqtmgs||qkqmgzt|tmk}sm
ffl yzlmnr ost{| ksg ispt kz
oztz{mnot m AsperUla baenitZii t kq t
qtgqg#NMRSAMSIMIDIR9AMMISRAQNR |gt
qktqtqsmngz{gjtqigsm
!OKADAAK g{gkqmgsg}tqigmszgqtogtokjtotqti{kpjkigtoms
tgs|o{{tigzt{m !#! jks~kkzhkhgpnk
gk{kogg~qsg
rgg to |qt kinto |g m zgqtog m
k jozqk tqks |g hqg~jk tztnkk nkpqkgzngstkjtsgksgzgqskzkqkqk
nk gz isp p kqg zm krgg m
h{gm|gszortok~hq~ps jksksg
zstk k}| m |ggiqg} jg|qs gps k g
pkqgjgngjkjtsg k|gggsgzgqgipi|qgtgtokjtojksozkqhgstosg


johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|kjtm| }gslkg g qm gqg |g qsmng ks


~kkzmgsg}kqnkgztqti{kp
sys AsperUla baenitZii krgz{skg k tqks
nkm|{mnotmk}gsltsggqm
gqgpL |gqsmng 
L mlsmgszormm|k}g{{msg|k{mks
~kkzhkhgpnkgk{kogg~qsgmzgqtogm
g~gm{kqgokqgtoqtoi{kp
z{ktsmg ps gps t t qt gqg
t |g t qt qsmng }tsg k ~
ghkt{n|s hq~ps |g k zkqjm kj}m ks
tqsgtgkstzltsgkz{tokqgkj}m ts
ozqt}tjto|k}g{{msg|k{m~ps
hq~ps t kjt o~s }kg gl k tg AsperUla
pUlVinaris BolanthUs GraecUs Cephalaria setUlifera
'aliUm melanantherUm ThymUs parnassicUs|
fqrs{ }zf AsperUla baenitZii gs|k ms
RECSIN Thliphthisa m tztg zkq{ghsk ost{| 
zg{gtktikg| |g ozt{kg| kjm %HQEMDNQFEQ
 3CHMBECJ 4ELERX%HQEMDNQFEQ gzkq-

111

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAsperUla baenitZii

tksjm|kjtAsperUla baenitZii gztqtqsmngvpsjqzto{t 

112

rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
|tqo} to qto gqg zto }{trksts mgs|
gqngps oz|ksgkh|mm kst|tqo}
mqsmng~tos|gg{m}nkgzqgp|ki|ggk|gzq|t|kqgs |ggkztok|g
~tosjm|ggqkmgs|gtoz{mnotmAsperUla baenitZiirtmkptgqngpstokjto|ggiq}kgkqggqgjqps
ztogst~nm|gs|gmjq|kgpsk{kogpsjk|gks zto |sjosktos gz ksjk~ksk kqigk kz|kogsghnmtotjtqgt
tkjtjksksgispksjgnkkj|tm~gstigsggsg|zkkgzjg|zoq|gi
|g m zgqtog m A baenitZii k zq}gg
|gskk|k zptqtqsmngzkggzm
}pto zqt|zkgztgzto|g}kqgssg
jg}itosmjqmm zqtgkosgkhqg~jk
nk ztomsgmm}pjksgs~oqjg|zoq|gingzqzksgnkpqtsgthgqgzk{
igmjgqmmtokjto
}psgkgjgngjkjtsg mAsperUla baenitZii ~gqg|mqlkg p sjoskts  kjt k hm
ms|gmitqtztmmm)5#. |gstztsgt
|qqt$z{mnok{ikqggzgsgzgqgipi| qg tg ghstsg ozm ms zngs
zgqtog m t qt i{kp t kjt k}gslkg
kqkost{|zkqt~|gtkqtkrz{pto
k|gp|qkqtpsJL2 ksm|gmzto

|gg{ghstostz{mnottoozt{tilkgp|qkqmpsJL2
pfypsffAsperUla baenitZii zkq{ghskg
pzqtgkokstkjt ts|g{tittoqtkjq|tgigtmsqsmngtispnkzgqtogmhq|tsgkstons|tqot
|gmzkqt~to|tov'2 
g}okstzltsgmlsmgzt{tozqtgg
mstztg k|gzmskzmts|qkosg kzqztsg m ozgnqg gsgo~ m zkqhg{{ts| k|zgjkom
|g m jmqkom to |tst t kjt ~k grt{timnk
pzqmzqtkqgmgigzqtggmsqsmng
sjqzto{tqgstto 
tsgqgjks~k|ztt|gnkzqtgg
tokjtogmzkqt~~k~gqg|mqnkpgg}itiqgp v 
gtoi|k|qstkjt zpkzmigzt{{ksjm |zsg|g|sjosktsgkjmmk{{ms|~{pqjg ozq~k gztog jkjtsps ig m ht{tig ms
t|t{tig m ~pqt{ti| krz{pm |g m jmtiqg}g
psz{mnosto|gpgzt{kgjksksgjosg
sg|gntqntskg|qhkggoi|k|qsgqgzto
ngzqzksg{m}ntsigmsgztk{kg|zqtgg
to
fzsripysnzs js|rlorfrril
fphfpfpfrssn

4gksnmgqkq |g|gqztjkr mAsperUla baenitZiivpsjqzto{t 



Asperula brachyphyllaTrigas & Iatro

54

Rubiaceae
Asperula brachyphyllaTrigas & Iatro in Phyton (Horn) 43(1): 30 (2003).
ys ;{{ 7!E t htg= b-S /CHI RTLLISAQEA0QNSIR)KIAR QNCJCQEUICERAMDQNCJXGQNTMD
 L ,ASN. ,NMGN%c *TM
 TriGas & )atro {ozt50! 
jphpf|vozt{ok zo|szqt|k}g{tq}t
i{go| ~stjk kro{jmhm{gt|to
   CL kqipst k zqtkr~tok q~k |gg|kkst gskq~kst t |gkqt g to k
qntogskq~ksto|{jto zo|sq~ptq~k
|to ~q   LL p q~t t gskqt g
tov{{gkztsj{to|gkqjk iqgtkj
   W   LL |gzg zo|sq~p g|jp
kog{jm o~sq~p|tqo} |to     
LL zkqnqgoskqgsgkskqtzqtkr~tsms
|pkz}skg|g|g{ztst toz{toto
}{{togkqg}{{g|qkqg |to   LL
iqgtkjpksptkjgrgsngosnp~pq
jg|{gjk zsgk{ik zt{hqg~kkz{ikjg|{gjkq|g{kgq~p g|qkqggzto
|gqzt z{g qips| p {ti~tkj k}sm |to     LL ztq}oqtqjsm krpkq| oz{ko|m
pozt|qsmkpkq|oz{ko|mpozt|qsmzgst |ozk{{tkjpks~tgstkj zo|sq~p
p~kjs{kgkrpkq| {kgkpkq|~lt|qzg
   LL gqg nm{jm zgspkhqg~q~pg
posof{fpmispt

tjk{tztokssk|tqo}qt}m{g|g
tjg g }o go ksg |qkqg k iknt |g
~kjs|gg|kksg zngskrggmozkqh|mm
ztozgqgmqkgmszkqt~ostjktsg|oqpgz
zt{ok SAWA zp ksg g CerastiUm candidissimUm
Scabiosa arGentea Sideritis eUboea CentaUrea pichleri
RTBRO pichleri Silene mUlticaUlis RTBRO sporadUm
Armeria canescens CerastiUm comatUm Rosa pUlVerUlenta
|4QIGAR)ASQN 
fqrs{ }zf AsperUla brachyphylla gs|k
mRECSCynanchicae|gksgksoiikskmsA
abbreViata(AKCRX 2ECHF ksjm|kjtmrto
|gmtqitwt gjtkjmjg|qstsgk|t{gkgrto kmsA brachyphyllasgksgsgi{go| osnp zo|s ~stjk }o ks m A abbreViata
sg}pkszqst q~tgqgq~p}ozz{ts mgs| ksg t tq}t{ti| jg}tq ps
}{{pspsjtkjs4QIGAR)ASQN 
zqt{kom m A brachyphylla ng zqzk zngsggsgkstznkgsgt{| m|qg pm
oiisk m k ms A nitida 3L RK wt jg}tqtztkg gz gos krgg m zkqkqt zo|s
k}s m ps zt q~ps h{gs ps hqg~kqps|g~kjskonokss}{{pskhqg~kqmog{jm|tqo} pshqg|psztojks}qtosq~kg
zkqnqto|gps|qtqps~lt|gqzpstlk tq}t{ti| zkqkqt k ms A nitida RTBRO

jpsisfrms|spftstpgto{to
johpf|{jqyzolsjm|kjtm{{jg
ikpiqg}|tokrz{pmksgzkqtqsmtqt
~mmhtg
sysAsperUla brachyphyllagsgzkgkokqt L ms|tqo}toqto~mqt}m{g |gmikts||tqo}tjg tstkqtgmhtgtikp{ti|ozqpgm
zkqt~osgg|oqpgzt~th|t kzjt|t|g~{pq|t~{nto|gzt{stqgqg
tO(tokj}to|ogskgkgr|g
AsperUla brachyphyllaksgsgoz|~g}ot
qsggzgkjmztozgqgmqnm|gssgostjktos
ms A brachyphylla k gos ts htzt ksg g
kr ThymUs lonGicaUlis RTBRO chaUbardii HypericUm
olympicUm AnthoxanthUm odoratUm &estUca jeanpertii
HieraciUm sartorianUm -ycelis mUralis AUbrieta deltoidea
TrifoliUm UniorUm ,eontodon GraecUs SolidaGo VirGaUrea
RTBRO VirGaUrea Arenaria licaUlis RTBRO Graeca
Anthemis cretica RTBRO cretica | tg to kjto
gsgztsgk|qtjkkhqg~jkzkqt~

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAsperUla brachyphylla



hirtella"NIRR %HQEMD ksjm|oztkjtm|g


sgt{g%HQEMDNQFEQ3CHMBECJ 4ELERXA 
A brachyphyllaztqkkzmsgnkpqmnktq}t{ti|
oiikskmsApinifolia"NIRR (EKDQEW%HQEMD
3CHMB 4ELERX ksjm| kjt m mzkqp| {{jg kikpiqg}|krz{pmzkqtqsmgqmm
kqk{{jg|gmsjto3CHMBECJ 4ELERX
%HQEMDNQFEQA 
fflyzlmnrtsgj|ispz{mnomA brachyphyllahq|kgtqt~mzt{oz{mnkqtoztz{mnotokjtogsgzkg
hqkk gz|qmsk z{gi m |tqo} tjg
|gk|ggqnk{ikk|gtsjkgpst
jk{tkgrps|tqo}stjg|gqt}m{g ~k kstznk g |q tjg   }os ks
ms |tqo} qt}m {g ~tos zgqgmqmnk jt
|qtjk|gjzgqgtg ztoost{|gsq~tsgk |gtost{|z{mno
tokjtojksozkqhgskgtg
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
AsperUla brachyphylla gsgzkg |g |qt {it
k~gz|qmspshq~ps|sjostgzgsnqpztikskkzjqkkgozkqt~ksgzt{|qt kkrgqkmmh|mm mtztgpjksgzk{k
tmgs|kqtgtoz{mnottkjt pt oz|kgkh|mmktqsknkto|gk
gos g|qh ms kzjqgm ksg zngs sg t}k{kg
mgszorm|gg|kspsh{gsgtg ztogsg-

ztsgkzkqt~zqthkglg
mskoqkqmzkqt~toqto~m~toski|gggnkgk{kogg~qsgk|gtsjkgsktikssqk
|gnsgmsjmsggzgmgs|kqggt{|
zq|gm~qg ksk||qkkm|gg|kozt{{sg|m gsktikssmqs kz|gm ps gt{|s zq|ps
zkqt~krz{pmmA brachyphyllangjmtoqitkmgs|gz{kktsz{mnom zqtkq~ksk |oqp gz g ostjko| qig gzgqgmg ig
mski|ggmpsgsktikssmqstkjt {tzs
~gqg|mqlkg p qp 65 k hm ms |gmitqtztmmm)5#. }psgkg|qqg$ 
tqt~m~kkz{kiksgzkq{m}nkt|otps
t|t{ti|mgs|szkqt~smv
ttgsgskgsg~knk|kzjqgmmsk{{ts|kzhpmmA brachyphylla
pfypsff{ki~tmh|mmtqt
~m ng k~k nk| kzjqgm to z{mnot m A
brachyphylla zp|gkzt{{{{gksjm||gzsg}o|kjmmzkqt~zz{ts zqtk||~pqtnmmpsgt{|szq|ps|ggsg{o|k{kps
zkqhg{{ts|skzzkpsksggzgqgmkksqikk
igmsk{g~tztmmpsgqsm|skzjqkpsto
}o|t z{mnot zt{{s zsps |g ksjm|s
}o|s kjs m zkqt~ ozkq{ghgstsm m
A brachyphyllatkjtngztqtkkzmsg|g{{kqimnkktgs|tztop}ohqg~|mzps

tksjm|kjtAsperUla brachyphylla gztqt~mmhtgvpqi|g 

115

frfhlph{f

Asperula elonea Iatro & T. Georgiadis

+"

Rubiaceae
Asperula elonea Iatro & T. Georgiadisin Willdenowia 14: 55 (1984).
3ys;{{0E k{tzssmt tq|gjg=bIM
DECKIUIBTR NQIEMSAKIBTR LNMSIR 0AQMNM OQNOE LNMARSEQITL%KNMA IMRAWNRIRCAKCAQEIR CLc *TK
Iatro & +okkinos  /{ozt50! 

posof{fpm2n gqt 

qnm|kk~gqjqk|g}gqiig ztoztqksg}kg k qpi |g gsghgnjk hq~ps g{{ |g m


|tm ~kqqps zto g jg~ltos ~k kstznk g
zqgskzgq~g|sjg|s|ggiqt|sjqps k
kzzkjknk|gkz{gikki{m|{mqsk}tq gztk{khg|~{pqj|t~kt}qoigs|s t|tomps ks gsgzkg |g{ k zo|s
gqg ktikg| g|g h{mm t okqt |ogskggz  Ltom{kqtmkt t
tztt~kzgqgmqmnktkjt ksgmjo|z{gim
|tqo} tq{g to qto tsthts  L ks
m~gm{kqmgst~kmstztnkgmis hqkg
to~pqtoq |tkps~kqqpsztok|h{tos to tq|to {o~jg |g zg{ti|q sttgsgt{| to ~pqt k~g zto k}gslkg ~kjs
tkzzkjtmn{gg
kgq|knkmAsperUla eloneaksgtkz|qgts
}o|kjtzgkjmztoosozq~tostohtzto
mgsg}qtokksjk||gAbies cephalonica *UniperUs
oxycedrUs 1UercUs coccifera CotinUs coGGyGria ArbUtUs
Unedo Phillyrea latifolia Acer semperVirens 'enista
acanthoclada 'lobUlaria alypUm CistUs creticUs HypericUm
empetrifoliUmRTBROempetrifoliUm BUpleUrUm frUticosUm
Calicotome Villosa CoridothymUs capitatUs %rica arborea
% manipUliora Thymelaea tartonraira

jpsisfrms|spfztstst~qt{tto{to g{{|oqptzqtjk|gzksnkqttoto{to

fqrs{ }zf ( AsperUla elonea gs|k ms 


RECS Thliphthisa 3CHMBECJ 4ELERX  %HQEMDNQFEQ

jphpf|t{okmngst ro{jmmhmk
zt{oqng qng gstqntksg jg|{gjsg {kg
k{~m |topCLv{{gktjkps 
g}ksg p gstqnpsg jgkps   W   
LL {kg kg|qzkjggsgjz{psg|gkk{g}q
zqtk|h{{Ns kgt skqt grgsng kz|m gztk{tksmgzz{koq| t{igsnj~gq|gg|qkqgmptn|m gsnkg {ti~tkj |t{g kh{k}gqjp|qzkjgmhm hqg|jg  W  LL
{ti~tkj h{k}gqjp snm ~kjs ~g k}sm
~tgstkj |to   LL zqgspz p |ggstjm krpkq| jm kpkq| p{sg    LL
{tht qips|t {ti~tkjk |to    LL k g|qqips| smgtkj |gzkstkrqmg|to
   LLsnqkk{{kz|t k{gst |to   
LL mzqtkr~tskgzmsk}sm{t  LL
j{tht gz m hm to igg kz|m |tqostkj
~lt|qzgzqgspz| ggs |to LL

johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| kjt m  k{tztssto ispzqsgzkq|~qsgstgzjt


zkqt~ to  qspsg m ~gqjqg to kpsjto
t |g sg |q z{mno |ts t ~pq oq
AM)ASQN k{mpsz{mnosto|g
qkosg m zkqt~ m  k{tztssto +AKONTSYAJIR  #NMRSAMSIMIDIR  g{{ |g skkqk zgqgmqk htnmgs ms |g{kqm ism m krz{pm to kjto  elonea krgz{skg hqkg ~q
z{gi m |tqo} tq|t to qto qspsg
gskgt~pqqg|gtst|gztoq|g
|gsg~qt~pqk~g|gt{stoqg|g
qgr  sgt{| k|kskg ~kjs ~q g| m
jgzkqt~ztogs|qltostoqtz{git ks
}okstzltsg~q{ig~{kqggjo| ~pq
ksttsg~toszgqgmqmnk~qkqgjo| z{gi to qto qspsg jo|kqg {t t
isptoztz{mnottokjtogs|tosikpiqg}|
kzgq~kostoqgtottq|gjg|gzjgqto mqtottg|psg
sysAsperUla elonea k}gslkgkki{mzt|{ghtzps zstk p kghkt{n|kj}m

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAsperUla elonea

116

  sg sg koj|qt ksjm| kjt m  k{tztssto zto ttlk k ms A riGida 3L m tztg
ksgksjm|kjtmqm |gnkzmkmsA
breVifolia 6EMSgzmssgt{g|ggk{{ms|sm
gk{qlt|gm)ASQN'ENQGIADIR zg
zgqgzsp kjm jg}qk |oqp to ~gqg|qk ps
}{{ps ps gsnps |g ps ~lt|gqzps g ~k|
ki{g snm m  elonea |to   LL k g g|q krgqgg |to     LL ps zk{ps ksg zt{ ~gqg|mq| stt k tqsg }o
zpigzgqjkigkgogzmstztnkgmis
tooqt zgqgmqnm|gssnmkgosnghqg~kg
k}sm LL |gkzkqkqtzqsmzgq|ggstjm krpkq| kz}skg ks t kpkq| m
k}smgsg}jk
ffl yzlmnr ost{| gqn ps
gpsmAsperUla eloneaksgj|t{tsgk|mnk
gsq~kgpkgq|kjk|jk~{jk gsnkgk
zkogs ~q zq}gg kpqtk g|qhk
kqkztqksgjkrtostost{|z{mno
ozkqhgsktgtkjtjksksggosnttongstzto|gg}qoigs|t|toggm~gqjqgtokpsjto|gpsjg|{gjks
m kgrps~pqst{nqg|gk{k kgrto
t|tgztoq|g|gto~pqtg|sg k{mms
|tqo} zgn zsp gz ts oq iqp gz t ~pq
qkg gqmtsthts|ggjtoqthts|gg{{tqstkzqtooztz{mnotzkq{ghstos
jk|jk~{jpstg|gkkq|nkgztk{ts
t|qt~{pqj|t~kttohtzto

kjt p 4qp 65 p g sg jkjtsg jks osmitqtsozqmjgqmmtojto~gqg|mqt


gsgissmm ps z{mnos ksg |g{ ig ~tos o~s zgqgmqmnk }o jg}qps m{|s gsnqzsm
jqgmqmgksgstsmktqstohtztoto
kjto ozq~tospgq|kt{{tkk{~m~kjs mjks| gsnqzsm kzjqgm oiiqg}k jks
zgqgqmgs t~kg mgs| h|mm to kjto
k |ztt oztz{mno zgq ms stsm |mstqt}|
jqgmqmgk{mmzkqt~krz{ptozm
}gskgtoztz{mnotgsg|ztos|gstztm|
kgzzoq|gi
rggpszgqgzsp nkpqtkjksozq~tos
thgqt {it zto sg osmitqts ig ms sgrm m
AsperUla elonea k tztgjztk |gmitqg kg gzk{tosps kjs }psg k ms )5#.  k ms
zqtznkmjksngzqgigtztmntsjqg|g{{gitohtztomgztogkps|sjsps m
kqkmoisoztz{mnoskzt{oqngtg|gt
ost{|gqnps}osztogiiltosrkzkqsts
g  kzqztos ms kg|smm to kjto ms
|gmitqggm{tsjsto,2 +AKONTSYAJIR#NMRSAMSIMIDIR   stt m A elonea zgqgsk sg
ksjm|kjtk|q~k|krz{pm igttztt
ngzqzksg{m}nts{ggqgksgosk~nk
gzq|tzgmjgqmtot{{ts
pfypsfftmgs|kqtqtzqtggmAsperUla eloneaksgmjgqmmps}o|shtzpsmmsmkqsto|ggm|gmgzt}oi
ksspsgsnqpzspskzkhkpsk{{ts|

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


g{gkqg jkjtsg )ASQN A ~gqg|qlgs t

tksjm|kjtAsperUla eloneagzms~gqjqgtokpsjtovpg{ztol|m 

117

zjnmpsfzysnk{l
js|rlorfrril

Asperula malevonensis Ehrend.


& Schnbeck-Temesy

54

Rubiaceae
Asperula malevonensis Ehrend. & Schnbeck-Temesy in Strid & Tan (eds), Mount. Fl. Greece 2: 294 (1991).
3ys ;{{ 0E k{tzssmt tt q|gjg
g|psg=bIMCACTLIMELNMSIR-AKEUN,ACNMIAE 
OEDc  *TK  Orphanidis  {ozt 75
)ozt!4(5 75 
nrrnf AsperUla boissieri (EKDQ EW "NIRR UAQ
transiens(AKCRXIMRSEQQ"NS:  
jphpf|gm{ zt{okzgkro{jmhm|g
{kztoziktoh{gt ozqiktg~mglts
zo|s zmg k{~m to   CL k kqgips|
jgt g|qgg k {ik jg|{gjk gsnt}qt
h{gt gskq~kst k zo|s q~pm q~k |to
    LL zsg ~kjs {kt v{{g iqgtkj
{ti~tkj kzo|stztsj{tops kinto 
W   LL konoksp|gzo{p {kgq~p
gkzzkjgk{g}qoskqgsg|qzkjgq~k
|top LL kog{jkgzt{m||krqmg
|to p  LL |g zqtk|h{{tog kgg skqpm
ms|pkz}skgzto|gg{ghskzkqztot
toz{toto}{{togrgsnghqg~kgk t{igsnk kojtztsj{to q|g gs{tig ps }{{ps k{g}q oskspsg m hm to h{k}gqjp
kg|jpgz{mrmk}sm~tgstkj qjsm |to
  LLkp{sgzkqztojz{tps{ths {tht
kz|k gh{kkgqg|{mqq~k|gkrgqggknm{tkjkzqtk|ht{wtn|mnm{tkj qg
|gqzjg ~lt|qzg ptkj sk}qtkj     LL
i{go|tzqsgp|ggstzqsg kzo|snm{jgkqgmq~m kstkk|ggs|m{jk

gozqikgggto}ot{ghstosmstq}|qtzmgzsgzgqgmqnm|gs}osgzqtk|h{{tos gz ts g|gsnp AstraGalUs anGUstifoliUs RTBRO


anGUstifoliUsktstzttsosozq~tos
t kjt }kg k okqt   L |g t
jt oztz{mnot gz~tos kgr to zkqzto 
L oztz{mnot m |tqo} tg qg ~tos
hqkt zqtgsgt{ ks t oztz{mnot m ki{mtq{g~tosjg}qtozqtgsgt{tg
zkqkqt osnm kjm zto k}gsltsg gl k ms
A maleVonensis ksg g Anthemis laconica AstraGalUs
anGUstifoliUsRTBROanGUstifoliUs CentaUrea athoa RTBRO
parnonia 'aliUm thymifoliUm Sideridis clandestina RTBRO
clandestina Viola parnonia|
fqrs{}zfAsperUla maleVonensis oiikskk
k ms A nitida 3L kjt m |q g jg}qk
pgzgot~oq|gz{gkgtskqtps
kskqps}{{ps mszgqtogq~pmmk}sm|gnm{tkjkzqtk|ht{pskrgqmps%HQEMDNQFEQ  3CHMBECJ 4ELERX   z ms kzm
oiiks||gksjm|m{{jg pUlVinaris (EKDQ
EW "NIRR jg}qk t g|qkqt og{jk gzt{m||
krqmg ps }{{ps ms {ikqt q~p k}sm
|gtshqg~kqtp{sgtosntoks}gskgsg
ozq~kmgs|jg}tqt~qgmk}smkgrpsjtk{kogpskjs g}tm pUlVinaris ksg
zt|{tq}mpzqttsoi|k|qst~gqg|qg

posof{fpmispt

jpsis frms|spf z g g tosto ~q g


gto{togqg|gqzjgk}gsltsggqits
t{t|gtsitot
johpf|{ jqyzol tz| ksjm| kjt m
{{jg sp st gz gskqk zkqt~ jt
|tqo}s to qto qspsg ms om{kqm ki{m
tq{g|gmikts|tgqg
sys AsperUla maleVonensis }kg k gst|
zkqt~ m ozg{z| lsm k ghkt{n| ~g{|jk ozqpg zto p oi|qgk gq|k ist
~g zz{ts ~k hqknk k ksk{ zkqjk ozqpg zto }kg k qpi jghqpsps |qs
hq~ps|gkn{g|kkj}tokgrgnkqtztmspsikts|s{npsg}o~mgltosojk
nk zto k}gsltsg t oztz{mnot ~tos |q
p mjks| |{m ks jks ~tos zgqgmqmnk tg
k|gg|qo}toghkt{n|t|qmsthq~to

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAsperUla maleVonensis

118

ffl yzlmnr }psg k zgqgmqk


t zkjt g tg m AsperUla maleVonensis ms |tqo}tgqgjks}gskgsgrkzkqstsg
jkzgqsgmhqkgz{koqm|tqo}|g|oqp
ms|tqo}tiqgzqtmki{mtq{gmki{m
tq{gozq~tostjk}oskj}tqgmkgm
zkqt~m|tqo} zsgpk|qgqngpsost{|gqnps}oskjozt{tilkg
zkqzto k   g zkqkqg }o }gskg
sgksggq|kki{mm{|g ksgskgqtgksgjgkqgzkqtqsgsggrtmkpt kzm t
ikits|tqo}toqspsgzto~toskqkosmnk
jkrtj| zpmggsqqg~m|gmxgq zgqki{k ttmk to k okqt tq}t{tig ozqpg gsnqzskjqgmqmk|{zkmki{m
tq{g jks}{trksts|zttoztz{mnotokjto
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
AsperUla maleVonensis ksgsgzst|gzt{tz|kjt ztoztqksgksg~nkms|gmitqgps4qps
65 m )5#.  k hm t |qqt $ ms zkqt~ zto }kg gsgzkg stsm |mstqt}|
jqgmqmg p ig|q~k|~qts|jmg
kgrpsmssto{to|gkzkhqto|gstgz
|tzjgzqthpsglgjksnitostkjt p ztjtzgtstooztz{mnotto|gkgotsqzt
zgqkztjltos jgkqg ms gszorm skgqs gqh{psgtgmA maleVonensis zto}tsgk~kjs
kzzkjkkz}skk }gskgsgzqtgktsg{ikqt
gztk{kg|gztztjtzmg oi|q|kg}o
gtztg}tsggskgk{ntokqpi|qs
hq~psgzngsg{{gitoqztoh|mm kms
kgipi gis ms zkqt~ ng kzmqkk gqsm|

zqttz| kzhpm to kjto kzkj t gik ~tos


k|t{mzqhgmkhqg~jknkjgkqg|q
gqnskgqsgpsmA maleVonensis ngzqzksg
jkqkosmnkzkqgqp tin sitUt|gkzkqgg
}qpmzkqps{t ksgg|misptzpng
kzmqktostooztz{mnottokjtotjg}gskskg{{gito|{gtzto~tospgzt{kgm
|qkqm~tszpm|gm|qkqmjq|kg~tst|{ompsom{s|tqo}stoqspsg
pf ypsff / mgs| gqn ps zgsps}o|skjszto}tsgggskqgggto
qtoqspsgngzqzksgzqtgkonkgzksjk~ksk joksk ksqikk zp t g{{gi ts qzt
h|mm m zkqt~ t jgstrk kzz{ts zkqzgm|s tstzgs giqt|s jqps m ozkqht{|
|osmik|jqgmqmg|gmgskr{ki|mo{{ti
tz|to{{|kgittohtostSideritisROO ng
zqzksggzt}kitossgztjtzgtssg|ggq}tos
k{{tqzttkjt
kg}tqmAsperUla maleVonensis ms|g{{qikg ng ztqtk sg ksg sg mgs| qt ig ms
ex sitUzqtggmp |ttzqtztnkm
k{mmht{tigtokjto |gn|gpsosnm|s
}qpmpszkqpsto qkosgmtztgngzqzk
sgkzk|gnkkzt{{zsgkjmmk{{ms|~{pqjgkzo~msm|g{{qikgtooi|k|qstokjto
|g{{psozg{z|s}osk~gm{okqgzqtztnkmsgsgzgqgipipsosnm|sztokz|qgts
gtqkst|togg k}gmmsgskzm
mgormsmnkqt|qggtonqto
$zjnmpsfzysnk{l
js|rlorfrril

tksjm|kjtAsperUla maleVonensisms|tqo}toqtoqspsgvpg{ztol|m 



Asperula nauAraga Ehrend. & Guterm.

$-

Rubiaceae
Asperula nauAragaEhrend. & Guterm. in Bot. Chron. 13: 62 (2000).
3ys;{{)N) stt t|osnt=b:AJIMSHNR)RKAMD OKACEJMNVMAR&AQNR+EQINT CKNRESNSHE
UIKKAGENF+EQI RSEEOQNCJXRKNOERFACIMGSHEREA KILERSNME . % AKS L *TME
Constantinidis {ozt50!ozt75 
jphpf|t{okzgkgq|kNh{gt~mgltsk gqg ojk {gt zt{ knqgot
|gg|kkstpgskq~kst {kt k{g}qgztro{pstt|gkqtgto i{go|tzqst |to
  CL k qghjk ~mgltsk {ko|pz jg}gskipskk{~mrmqgsksggqitnqt|gt
}nszpqt gs|gnksg m hm to }ot |nk
~ksgstrmgq}o{{ggzsg }{{ggsisgt gzt|{stsgpqng gotokgtoqto
toh{gthqg~kqgpsktitsgpsjgmps
|to   LL k hqg~ g|jp |qt g gskqg
}{{ghqg~kqgpskgpsgrgsngk mk{||g g|qgg zt{ozo|spsgktitsgjgggsnm~kjskz}o k}smqjsm |to
  CL {thtzkqztoLL tskkp|{kkst
tsp{sg|gtztnkmstzkqztottsto
{t sg j~j |to     LL ptn|m k
~oqkzqggqt|gqztjks~toszkqiqg}k
posof{ fpm 2n =  'TSEQLAMM 
%HQEMDNQFEQ 

}gskgjksgsgzt|qskg|g{tsgsgips
k{{g|ts}o|kjm
fqrs{ }zf AsperUla naUfraGa {t m
RECS Cynanchicae gs|k k sgs jgkqt |{jt
ispktzqtpqsstgREQPalaeomediterraneae
g {m to |{jto got krgz{stsg }psg k
sg g{{m{tgzt|{kkst |g jg|k|tst zqozt
gzstomjqg||gtotsto~qm
g{g g{kgqjk sto |g gst~k g|
m  zgsg s m oi|k|qsm krz{pm
m A naUfraGa |g~k ms sttgsgt{|kqm nm
'TSEQLAMM%HQEMDNQFEQ {mmtjg}gskg
sgksgsgzg{gozt{kg|st{tktikg|s
~gt}o|skjs gtztg zqt}gs k|}qltosms
tztiqg}g|gtgskqtqtiks gstnk
m rmq |g m n{gg k~gs gq|k jg}tqk|
tq} gz ms mkqs z{mkqt grst|t
oiikskmA naUfraGa ksgmA wolosZcZakii "+NQICA
m tztg zgqtolk g} hq~osm ps |gpqps
ktitsgpsjgmps kkqt}o{{g|gg|qkqto
ztj|to grgsng |g gsnps m A GarGanica (TSEQ
0NQSA  2IGA EW %HQEMD  +QEMDK k zkqkqto
{kzt|gq~pth{gtzto}qtos|qt|tz|
zgq}o{{g mA borbasiana "+NQICA "+NQICAzto}qk
|qzgq}o{{g jg|{gjstoh{gtkq~p
|gkqggg|gtA staliana 6IR|gA Visianii "
+NQICA t tztk ~tos osnp z{gkqg }{{g k

jpsisfrms|spftst|gt{t
johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| m st |osnt
spstgz{ik|qmsjknk|g
g|msto
sys AsperUla naUfraGa ksg sg ~kjs
ozt~qkp| ~g}ot ~k hqknk st g }tq k
zkqjmz{gi ttztt}kgtoghkt{n|t
|qmst |g hq~to k nk zto ksg ks qk
zqtgkoskgzts{ts|ggq|kgzgo
nkgs|qltosmsn{gg g}ohq|tsg
g|q gz ms km kzjqgm m g{gmg to
ng{gst skqt }gslkg k okqt 
 L |g k tqlsg gzgm   L gz ms
n{gg qt qpi |g ~ hq~ps zto
}gskg sg ozq~k {it |gn{to ~g t{{ gz
nk m ksg zqg|| gzqk ostjkkg
o~s gz ro{jm gsgqq~m| kjm zp g %rica
manipUliora HypericUm aeGypticUm RTBRO webbii H
empetrifoliUm RTBRO empetrifoliUm Pistacia lentiscUs
RhamnUs alaternUs Smilax aspera TeUcriUm capitatUm
|gnkzm|ggztz|ksjm|zpgStachys
ionica |gTeUcriUm halacsyanUmtoi|k|qstkjt

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAsperUla naUfraGa

120

tzt|gtttoksjm|tkjtoAsperUla naUfraGagzmsst|osnt qtqmvpgqm 

121

|qzgq}o{{g|gkig{kqmk}sm'TSEQLAMM
%HQEMDNQFEQ 
ffl yzlmnr ost{| ispt oztz{mnot m AsperUla naUfraGa ksg zsk htqkkqt
ksg z{mts to |{zto qt qm |g t sttjo|kqtk}gslkggjo|ggtog|qpmqto
gqgnsg|g{gskzoistoztz{mnohq|kg|tsts}qtto~pqtkqkqkqtoztz{mnotgsgskgsgozq~tostom{ k|kgst|gzt{gzttmg|qmssmg|snto
pstztpsgkgg|ggskqgggksgzt{j|t{tpgjsgtsgzqtkiints kkgzrmqkk
gzn{gg|nkispoztz{mnogztk{kg
gz }o ptg|qhgqnjksztqksg
ozt{tink k g|qhkg krgg to zt{ gz|qmsto
htztooztz{mnotk}gsltsgsgksgtz|t
|g gosk~k |g ksjk~tsp gztk{ts ozt{kgg
gzg{gkqmzkqkqtk|kgsm|gtttq}mkrz{pm~toshqknktks{|gt|gskgq
}o g{{mjmtoqigsps}osgzzqgg k
sg zt{ qg~ |g ki{m |{m zkqh{{ts ksg k
ki{thgnoszkg|g{~m
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
zkqkqt gz to oztz{mnot m AsperUla
naUfraGa ksg |g{ zqtgkost gz tztgjztk
kzjqgm krggtogzqtohtztotop
krg|t{tonts sg oz|ksg k o~gk joksk osn|k t tztk ztqk sg ~tos gzt}g| kzjqgm k t |qt oztz{mnot ~oqt kt
jksksgzstms|osnt|gztqksg|ggqtostohtztotokjtogzt|t{{sggg
hq~pszqtmsn{ggzz{ts ~tokistgto

qzto gsgzgqgipi to kjto |g m josgmg


ki|ggmsps}ost|qmsjkt|tmg
|gg|kqg ps oztz{mnos jo|t{kk ms
kg}tqitsjps|gzngsggtjmikkmgs|
ksjtigg zm t htgs|t kzgiik{gk kqg~sk t tztt o{{itos t }o ig ts z{to
pshtgs|so{{tisig|g{{qikg oh{{tos
mskpmpsgpsktqstooztz{mnot
kpqtktkjt~k{gg~gqg|mq|igsg
ozkq{m}nkms|gmitqgpssjoskosps%.
m)5#. z{mqsgg|qqg#AII |g$
pf ypsff sg mgs| m jgqmm ps
jo|s ~k| gskzmqgps |qmss m g|snto
mspqsto|ggm jgqpksgsmzto
gztk{kzqttqzt{{stoqs|gmsjq|kg
mtoq|zkqjtohtgs|tngzqzksggzt}kitossgo{{itostkjt{ikzqtnktozkqhg{{ts|tqigsk ztokskqitzttsgm|osnt ngzqzksgksgkskqkigms
zgqrmgottozsto}ot sgoh{{tosms
gsg|{omspsoztz{mnos sggrt{titsms|ggmpsispsoztz{mnos|gsgzqt~pqtosmsgztk{kg|in sitUjgqmmtokjto
sg |q gqn |gqzs m AsperUla naUfraGa
ngztqtksgo{{k~nk kgzqtznkgsg|g{{kqimnktkjt sgk{kmnkmht{tigto|gsgzt{{gz{ggnkex sitUgntgzsgkjmztqksg
krg}gsntsgztqsknkto~pqk}gsk
{ito to{|k|g{{qikgztqksgzqt}qkms
zngsmgkzgskgipigpst}o|tozkqh{{ts gs|tt~qkgnk
js|rlorfrriljophffpl

g gto to ksjm|t kjto


AsperUla naUfraGa gz ms st |osnt qt qm vp  psgssjm 

122

Asperula saxicola Ehrend.

o-3

Rubiaceae
Asperula saxicola Ehrend. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 68: 269 (1974).
ys ;{{ 0E k{tzssmt t q|gjg=
bDIRSQ!QJADIA KAQGEUEQSICAKQNCJRFACIMG.7 JL%.%
NF SHE UIKKAGE NF !GINQGISIJA C  JL % NF 4QIONKIR c
  L  *TKX  Strid  {ozt ,$
ozt7 

RTBRO sibthorpii Cephalaria ambrosioides Hippocrepis


emerUs RTBRO emeroides Odontites linkii RTBRO linkii
Pistacia terebinthUs PterocephalUs perennis RTBRO
perennis Ptilostemon chamaepeUce 1UercUs coccifera
ScrophUlariaheterophylla SileneconGesta|

jphpf|t{okztjk}o ~mglts|qt
nosto k ro{jm hm k{~m osnp  
zkqkqggs}o qngp|gzo{tksg |to
pCL g|qggk{ikjg|{gjkt|gkqt g to k kqgips| jgt |g kstk k
zqtk|h{{tokg| q~pgg}kstv{{g 
gszsjo{t k{{kz|pgsptkj   W   
LL gh{gptrg kgqgg}kstq~pgjgkqgmskzspkz}skggrgsngk|qt snktohqk|g|ttoh{gt mqlkstk
hqg~kztj|totj|tgsnps|to  LL
hq|g hqg~kqg ps ztj|ps k}sm ~tgstkj
jgqto LL kzt{hqg~p{sg {kg |qsm
kstkkjkgzt~qk ~pqiqgkiggthtqips|t |to   LL ktrkggz{mrm{thqg~kqtmptn|m igqtiio{
gqzjg~lt|qzg |to  LL {kg {zs

fqrs{ }zf ( AsperUla saxicola gs|k ms


 RECS Thliphthisa 3CHMBECJ 4ELERX  %HQEMDNQFEQ
 |g ksg oiiks k ms ksjm|  boryana
7AKO %HQEMD mtztgkrgz{skgstkqg |oqp
gqmqspsg|ggiktg}qkgzmsjkkqmthqg~kqtq~pg msks|gkk{~k
jg|{gjkgrgsng mtztg|gg{ghsksgmgs| g to h{gt |g jks zkqtqlkg st g
gskqggto ghq|gztoksghqg~kqg
psztj|psmgrgsng|gpsztj|pstosnto|gmsk}smztojks}qkq~pgkrpkq|
zq}gm gsg|{om oztz{mnos m A saxicola
ghtqktgsgt{|ggtoqspsgoztjm{sk
gjtkjm}tsg~kjszgqgzgq||gksj~kgsgohqjltos

posof{fpmn gqt 
jpsis frms|spf tst |g t{t zsg m
gsnt}tqgztqksgrk|sgzg{mtogto

ffl yzlmnr jt oztz{mnot to


qspsg zngsgg ozztos k t st qt m
krz{pmtokjto|ggqntsgq|kk|gtsjk
tg zt{{gzgtztg}tsgkgzqto|qmstmszkqt~iqpgzt~pqipqi|gt
kjtjksksgzt{|ts|gzkqtqlkggzt|{k|

johpf|{jqyzolkstztksjm|kjtm
{{jgg{gkqggsispstgzhqg~jk
krqk|tst~pqipqi|gmk{tztssto
kkqkqkosk~tosgsg|g{kz{mnotkqg
g|mtqksoi|qtggtqkt tsks|g
tsqspsg+AKONTSYAJIR#NMRSAMSIMIDIR ks
zngsggtkjtkrgz{skg kzm tqtgqnst{mmzkqt~krz{pmtokjtokstzlkg
ggsgt{|ggmk{tztssto
sysAsperUla saxicolaksg~gt}o|kjt
zto}kg|g|qt{itkghkt{n|thq~to
kokqt Ltikntpshq~psztqksgzt|{k gzktspstoi|toto L
~q|qmsttozt{{sjk|jpsqpsg}o
osnpzqtts|q|oqk|glksk~tohq~to |gnkzmkzzkjkzqtk|ht{
|ggsghgnjkkjozqkz{koqpshqg~pjs
nkpsgzkqkqg}ogskoq|tsgktztnkkkhqkgjo||nkm pktspsgtgk}gsltsgkzt|{kk|nkkgrpskjs
ztoohstoskms A saxicolaoi|gg{itsgg
cersemperVirens AUbrietadeltoidea CentranthUsrUber



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAsperUla saxicola

mlsmpshq~ps|tst~pqtqtqkt t ost{| z{mno to kjto ozkqhgsk g


tg gzkqkqggzgtztgkstzltsg
ggskqgggtoqtottoztjm{sk
moi|k|qsmzkqt~ksgggz|qkk|kkrz{pmmAsperUlasaxicolagqg|kozto{t
 qkosgtoqtokshq|kgkkr{rm
~q kqg ~tos kstznk oztz{mnot to{~tsgsgggtoqtosgoz{tzggg to ks ozq~k gs{tit gqn gps k
gos zto ~k jm kzmgsnk k t ost{| z{mno kj ksg kig{kqt to qkto |g gl
tqtnktsms|qgkrz{pmtokjtokqkqmk{mgzgkggjo||ghqkgggto
qtogqnst ttzttksgzt{zngs kzm
}{trkskoztz{mnottokjto
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz /
~k|zkqtqstz{mno ztogszg{gkqg
isp |ts t ~pq ipqi|g k~k j|gt{timsgtjmikmssgrmtokjtoms|gmitqgps
qps 65  zkqkqt k|kgst |g k kig{kqt gqn gps z{mnot zto gsg|g{}nm|gs
msos~kg kstosmgs|mszngsmggz{kg to kjto |g ntos zqtztnk ig ms
sgr to ms |gmitqg ps ~kjs zk{tosps
 kjs }psg k ms )5#.   s t z{mno to qto ks gztjk~nk jgkqg zt{ok{
zp jk~stos t zqk ksjkrk k p ~qkgnk
kzgsgrt{immtokjto
{t t z{mnot zto ~tos ~q kqg hqknk
gsgztsgkkkzkqt~zto~tos|qh|mm
kkknkgzqkiggh|tsglgAsperUla

saxicolajks}gskgsgjgnk|zttokjtoosg
msh|mm zqtgkkg p gzglgkrgg
to~k|gzqtohtztom
jmtoqiggt{|tzq|totsksztohq|kgkkr{rm |gn|gk{{ts|~jggszorm ki|ggkps |g oztjts k {{to tqkst
i|tozto}{trkststkjt ngzqzksgistsgk
jgkqmzqtt~ksgkz}qtos{ikqkgqsm|oszkktoz{mnotto
pf ypsff gz|qmst hqg~jk htzttokjto}gskgsgksg zqttzgqs ~k|
g}g{kgzmsgsnqzsmjqgmqmgstt
mAsperUlasaxicola|gzt{{{{g~gt}o|kjmjghtskj|t{kosn|kztoksjk~tspkzmqkltsggz|{g|g{{gizpmgrmmmnkqt|qggmkpmpshqt~tzkpsqtkskgm
gsg|~qts|jgggzgqg|t{tnmmki{ps
z{mnostokjto ksgkzmgsntski|gqp
kght{togqntpsgps
jmtoqiggt{|tzq|totsksztohq|kgkkr{rm |gn|gk{{ts|~jggszorm ki|ggkps |g oztjts k {{to tqkst
i|tozto}{trkststkjt ngzqzksgistsgk
jgkqmzqtt~ksgmskzmqktostoz{mnotto|g{{qikgmAsaxicolakstg|g
tgs|tztongoh{{kmsexsitUzqtgg
mt}oksg|g{{m{tighqg~|mzto|gztqk
sgosjognkk{{gzsgkjmztok}gsltosgs{tikgzgk
js|rlorfrril
nhhjzsfpf{jnysnzs

tksjm|kjtAsperUla saxicolakzsp |gthtzto|p gztqtqktvpgqg|kozto{t 



Asplenium creticum Lovis, Reichst.


5<M<I

54

Aspleniaceae
Asplenium creticum'JQDN
-@D>CNO 5<M<IDIII (PN "JPG<I?MDN
3ys ;{{  t qm t gnto=
b$HIJSI KILERSNME QNCJR -S !FEMDI (QIRSN C  L
AKSc  *TKX  Zaran A- g zqg zqnm|gs
msg{kgm{hkgoi|ggo
mjkkqmikskkz mo{{tito
4ztoiskkz HerbariUm T Reichstein
"AREK nu {ozt"-)ozt" ' + 0 :4 
jphpf| gsjm zt{ok zqm lpg qnt
hqg~ {zg |ggs |to  LL |gkqt g
to {ti~tkj k g |toq~qpm |ksq| gsg
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Astragalus laconicus Iatro & Kit Tan

54

Leguminosae
Astragalus laconicus Iatro & Kit Tan in Willdenowia 29:56 (1999).
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zjnmpsfzysnk{l

Astragalus maniaticus Kit Tan & Strid

o

Leguminosae
Astragalus maniaticus Kit Tan & Strid in Pl. Syst. Evol. 206:47 (1997).
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Asyneuma giganteum (Boiss.) Bornm.

54

Campanulaceae
Asyneuma giganteum (Boiss.) Bornm. in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 341 (1921).
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tksjm|kjtAsyneUma GiGanteUm gztqthoqtmjtovpk{mzqto 



Athamanta arachnoidea Boiss. & Orph.

54

Umbelliferae
Athamanta arachnoidea Boiss. & Orph. in Boissier, Fl. Orient. Suppl.: 262 (1888).
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t oqt z{git j~tsg ms gt}gq|
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posof{ fpm n =  4AM  )ASQN


 

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kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoAthamanta arachnoidea



!snsttttoksjm|tkjtoAthamanta arachnoideagztqttsthts sgtoqtoqspsgvppsgssjm 



zsg ksjm| kjm zp g Amelanchier parViora


RTBRO chelmea CampanUla asperUloides HypericUm
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nkpqnm|kpzt|{gpoztkjtmA macedonica
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Aubrieta erubescens Griseb.

54

Cruciferae
Aubrieta erubescens Griseb., Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 1: 268 (1843).
3ys ;{{ .!E its qt= bIM RAWIR LAQLNQEIR
L!SHTRCNOINREOQ0AMAIAAKSCNMRNCIASACTL
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RTBROperennis Daphne oleoides Berberis cretica Crepis
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Bellevalia brevipedicellata Turrill

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Hyacinthaceae
Bellevalia brevipedicellataTurrill in Kew Bull. 1940: 264 (1940).
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k{{ktkjp}gq|
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 "AQEJAAK 

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zg{gkqgnkpqtsgsgkqgz{tkjtq}mB
breVipedicellata kn W~qptgg(tq}t{tig m grgsng |g ps gsnps t ms B
sitiaca t |g ms " breVipedicellata ksg zgqtg
stt t jgkqk zkqt~ krz{p to t j-

kpiqg}|krz{pmmksjm|BelleValia breVipedicellata



rkzkqsg
pf ypsff ks ~tos {m}nk qg zqtgg ig t kjt ~q kqg gs |g m st gjt
~kzkq{m}nkzkqt~to|tov
htztngzqzksgzqtgkontsgzmsgskr{ki|mtoq|gszorm|gmso{{tiht{hsqt-

|kstosgkrg}g{nkmkzhpmtokjto tg
hq|tsgjmk|g{{qikgtszkqgg|tgs|
zttoqigmqtotgs| togskzmtogqsgq{{m{gosgmosqmmzkqpsk
qzklkksk|t{|t

ylyfp{f

tksjm|kjtBelleValia breVipedicellata gzmsqmzsp


}p*"IEMUEMT jkr}pgqm 



Bellevalia edirnensis zhatay


& B. Mathew

$-

Hyacinthaceae
Bellevalia edirnensiszhatay & B. Mathew in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 107(1): 90 (1991).
ys;oqpzg|toq|g=b%DIQMESN5YTMJOQ JL
FQNL)BQIJ4EOEQNADTMCSINM AKSLc !OQIK
'ler DalGi {ozt)34% 
jphpf| t{ok ht{hjk kjt t{h ptkj }gqtkj jgqto LL ~sg~qgtk}qt gqtov{{g   ksgs{ti~tkj
g|qkqg gz ts h{g |to   CL z{to
  LL |ogtkj zkqnqg khqgsjm k{g}qq~p{gt  to CLgrgsng
k snm zo|s k{{ktkjp|o{sjq|tj|t|to LL qntmsgq~|gmos~kg trtkjk q|g |q {ko| }qtsg jt {thtsqgsnmkstkjmkqsnt|to 
LL p{mstkj p |pjpstkj {ko| k{g}q
zqst m hm to k {tht k{g}q |qkqto
|to gz ts gsn| p{sg k{{kz|t ptkjk
snqk|qstgrgsng|gms|gqzt}tqg|o{sjq| g{hjk |g koqp ptkjk |to  
LLzqggkoqpptkj k{{ktkj
posof{fpmn = W= YHASAXAK
 "AQEJAAK 

jpsis frms|spf snlk |oqp |g ms jq|kgtogto g{{zkqgg||ztgtghqnm|gskgsnt}tqgg{mzq{to

johpf|{jqyzol(BelleValia edirnensisk}gslkgmsoqpzg|toq|g gzazto~kzkqiqg}k


to{{~nm|gstgtoistogzgzkqnqg
|g{{kqimspszkqt~stotthqto{{jg
z{mts ps k{{msttoq||s osqps g }o go
gstq}t{ti|jg}tqk|gzg~qkispk{{ms|SAWAk{mpstq}t{ti|s~gqg|qpskosjogktszqtjtqtokrgz{tkjt
~qptpg|tgqntn W tjimgst
ozqggg}om{{jggs|tosmsB
edirnensis ksgzgz{tskstzgkjmtoisto
tkqmggozqtnkkg|msgkjtmsk{{ms|
~{pqjg"AQEJAAK 
sys BelleValia edirnensis }kg k |g{{kqimskk|k {hjg |gn|gzgqo}|g{{kqiks kokqtgzpL

fqrs{}zf(BelleValia edirnensisgs|kms
RECSIN Patens t grst| oiikskqt kjt ksg
mB kUrdistanica&EIMBQTM mtztgkrgz{skggzt
q||gmstqjgsgpmssgt{ggjtkjm
~gqg|mqltsggzt|tps}{{psztoksgkig{kqtgzgotoh{gt gzgk{g}qq~p-

zkqnqto|ggztozgqtgtq}t{tig
ztj|to |oqp|gms|gqzt}tqgg}qtost
~qg to rtsg m grgsng t tztt ms B edirnensisksgzqst|g~jm zpgomB
kUrdistanica tikntps{thstozkqgsnto t
tztt ~tos k{g}q |qkqt |t gz ts gsn|
p{sgmsB edirnensis|g~t|ttogsn|tp{sg |gt~qgpsgsnqps ttzttms
B kUrdistanica ksgjk ksmsB edirnensis|qstzgkjmztogzgstsms{{jg mB edirnensisksgoiiksmB romana , 3VEES|qk
tq}t{ti|jg}tqpsjtkjsksggk{g}q
q~pzkqnqgps}{{ps t|tps{thsto
zkqgsnto ttzttksg|qkqtgztsgsn|p{sg |gn |g t |qst ~qg ps gsnqps m B
edirnensis ksmB romana~gqg|mqlkggzg{kg
zkqnqgps}{{ps {thttokig{kqto|togztsgsn|p{sg|ggzjkgsnqk
fflyzlmnr~qkqg~khqknkstssgz{mnotokjtogottsthqto
zkqztoJLto~pqtto}htostgzkqkqgtgtoz{mnotzkqzto hqnm|gs
zgqo} |g{{kqimsps zkqt~s stt kq|
tg kstznm|gs |g ks ps |g{{kqiks g
zqtk||kqmqkosgjkrktst{tps}os
jksozkqhgskgks{|gtg

kpiqg}|krz{pmm BelleValia edirnensis ms{{jg



rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


kjtsto ksg isp sts sg z{mno
mBelleValia edirnensis ms{{jg|gtgqnps
gpstoz{mnotksg|qkqtgz zqtkskg t kjt go sg ~gqg|mqnk p sjoskts
. }psgkms|ggrmm)5#. |gn
z{mqtt|qqt$

mmB edirnensiskjtstomzkqt~ mstztg


krgz{skg ksg |g{{kqitksm |g t kjt j~kg
stskgsnqzskkzjqk zqtkskgsgiskzgqg|t{tnmtoiggzkqtjtgq|ksks zqt|ksto sg jgzpnk gs o}gg kpm to z{mnotzz{ts zqtkskgm|g{{qikgtokjtok
tgs|tzto g{{|gmo{{tizkqpsig
msex sitUjg}{mmzqtggto

pfypsffks~k{m}nk~qi|gssgqtzqtgg ttzttsgjg}g{lkmskzhp-

ylyfp{f

BelleValia edirnensis mszkqt~to~pqtto}htost thqtovpzgq|g 



Bellevalia sitiaca Kypr. & Tzanoud.

54

Hyacinthaceae
Bellevalia sitiaca Kypr. & Tzanoud. in Bot. Helv. 109(1): 85 (1999).
ys ;{{  t qm t gnto=
bOQNOE UICTL 3ISIA IM RAWNRIR CAKCAQEIR OQNLNMSNQII
0HAMEQNLEMIc !OQ TZanoUdakis{ozt
50! 
jphpf|t{okht{hjkkjtt{h}gqtkjpkoqpptkj jgqto LL ~sg ~qgt |ggsN v{{g   kz|m g|qkqg gz ts h{g |to   CL z{to   
LL kk}gskzgq{{m{kskoqk zkqnqg{kg
{gt  |to  CLgrgsngk 
snm |o{sjq| zo|stj|thqg~kqtgzt
zkqsnt |to zkqzto  LL qnt kgq snm
{ko| kqsnt |to     LL p{mstkj
|o{sjq| p p{mstkj |pjpstkj {ko| k
{tht|to }tqt|ttogsn|tp{sg koqpptkjk kk{g}qqjst~qg|gg
|ksq|zqsmiqgsnqkjkgrgsng|g
ms |gqzt}tqg |o{sjq| k ztj|to hqg~kqto
gzms|gg{hjkm|gm}gq| jgqto LLzqgg}gq|
posof{fpmn W4YAMNTDAJIR
AK zgq|g "AQEJAAK 
jpsisfrms|spfvkhqtoqtpgq~gqto

wt m gzttspsm ikpiqg}| krz{pm k


osjog k tqsk tq}t{ti| jg}tq ps
jt kjs tjimgs ms zkqiqg} m B sitiaca p
rk~pqt kjto mgs|kqk tq}t{ti|
jg}tq ps jt kjs kstzltsg g }{{g g
tztg ms B sitiaca ~gqg|mqltsg gz k}gsk
zgq{{m{k skoqk |g ksg kig{kqg k |t
|g kskqg gz go m B breVipedicellata |gn
|g t ~g ps |gqzs m zqm t tztt ksg
m}gq| ks m B breVipedicellata ptkj p
k{{kz|qt}p tqg||ogqtiksk|k{m
ps jt kjs zgq|g  jkrk mgs|
jg}tqtztmmkgrtoi|qmps|gqotzps
to oztjk|sk m kqgz{tkj B sitiaca ~k t
sgitsjpgttkgomB breVipedicellata ks
tjkkqtitsjpggz{{t ispt~qkqg
SAWNMm{gjmB sitiacaksgsgg{{tkqgz{tkj
SAWNM totzttotsgzqitstksgzngsggmB
breVipedicellata
fflyzlmnrBelleValia sitiaca jmtoqik
j|g|qtoztz{mnot gztk{tksto t|gnsg to gz zkqzto   qg tg |g
tost{|gqnpspqpsgps zto~tos
|ggiqg}k~qkqg ksg|qkqtgz
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
h|mm|gtstskgsnqpztikskkzjqk |oq-

johpf|{jqyzol{{ms|ksjm|kjt kstzstmsqmgsgt{|ggtottgnto|gsmjgqo 
sysBelleValia sitiaca zqthqg~jknk
|g~ghkt{n|shq~ps kokqt 
L |oqpkgr}qoisps|gngsjtoh{mm
zto osozq~k k kq| gz g ~gqg|mq|
|g ksjm| SAWA m |qm| ~{pqjg zp Viola
scorpiUroides ScorZonera cretica CampanUla pelViformis
,inUm arboreUm %benUs cretica|
fqrs{ }zf t kjt go zqs gz ms zkqiqg} to k~k o{{k~nk gz ts 2ECHIMGEQ t 
gztqtjtognto g{{|ggz{{to
o{{|k|gtjtm|gqzt}tqg|gk~k{gsngsgzqtjtqnkp-Uscari macrocarpUm3VEES
+XOQINSAJIR4YAMNTDAJIR {gsngstzqtjtqps}o|sjkipstohgnm|k|oqp
ms ttmg t ps |gqzs t |g ps }{{ps
psjtSAWA
BelleValia sitiaca |g m B breVipedicellata 4TQQIKK
ksg ks oiiksk |g ttltos mgs| |oqp
ms tq}t{tig m grgsng |g ps gsnps to

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoBelleValia sitiaca

150

p {ip m toq| gszorm ms zkqt~ krz{pmtokjto kosjogktsjgkqgzkqtqstgqngps|nkoztz{mnot gztk{ts


mgs||sjostigmskzhpto
tSAWNMgozqtkskgsg~gqg|mqnkpqp65 |gnatsz{mqtg|qqg#AI |g$m
)5#. 
pfypsffks~k~qkqg{m}nk|zttqtzqtggmBelleValia sitiacaosg
tmzqtggmzkqt~zto}kgt|g
mex sitUjgqmmktgs|t+zto|gqzklk ksk|t {|t g ts |tz go tg ps
zkqtqpsoztz{mnostoSAWNMhq|tsgjm
k|g{{qikgtszkqgg|tgs|zttoqigmqtotgs| togskzmtogqs
ylyfp{f

tgmBelleValia sitiaca |tst qm k|gqzt}tqgkzsp |ggsnt}tqg|p vp.4TQKAMD 

151

Biebersteinia orphanidisBoiss.



Biebersteiniaceae
Biebersteinia orphanidis Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 1: 113 (1854).
ys ;{{ 0E k{tzssmt t tqsng=
bIM QEGINME RTOEQINQI LNMSIR +XKKEMER 0EKNONMMERI AD
 AKSISTDIMIRIMUAKKECTKARICCAADLEQIDIEL
ROECSAMSIKNCNtozto{tt~ntDICSNc Orphanides
&K'QEWRICC no  *TM!4(5 "- % '
' "/)3 '" + ,$ ,)6 0 3 7 75 

tkjtozq~kmstqtkqtogqtoms|g
toq|g zgqtoltsggjg|k|tsmzkqt~krz{pm zto~kqlkmm}otikpiqg}|tqgmktiktotstoz|t|tiskg
"IEBEQRSEIMIACEAE ~k |oqp gg| krz{pm gz
mssgpmskikt|gms{{jg

jphpf| t{ok zg k qlpg zg~ ro{jk


jgqto  CL |g z{ts vo k {m to ms ozqikg kz}skg ~stjk gjksjk k{g}q |t{{jk
ms g} |g k ~gqg|mq| t {g zgspkgnksjg|{jpm qnt to CL k
hm t mkt |}om gz t qlpg |g{osm k
|ggsqonqgptkj{zgv{{g|oqpmhm g
oz{tzg|gaksg{{gi {g{ti~tkjtzkqiqgg
hqg~~g |to   CL |g z{to p  CL
|g{osgkq~k|g~togjsk qzkqmg gk{|gg{ti~tkjiqgtkj tr{m|g
|tozkqztoCLgq}o{{gkhqgsjm ~qgtgst|t|ggst tkzspgto~sg
|qtp |to   CL q|g ki{g ptkj g
gskqgg|qggsnmg|stq}g ~kjskz}o zt{oqng kjkps  ~mgltsgzo|sg~otq}thqo zgskqg g~otq}m}hm|to
 CLzg{gk{knkqg ptkj tr{m|g zo|s
|g{osgk~togjsk kiknosksg|gms
|gqzt}tqg g{g  k{knkqg |qkqg ps kz{ps g{{k{g}qkr~tsggzgo|gmssnmm
kqonqtkr~tsgto|g|qsgtoz{tzt
k|qgk{g}q|qtp tjtsp|gkg|qso~gtskkspsthktok|qg
ksg{{gksgkgzg{gwtn|mkz}okhgnk
{tht |gqz}o{{g igmsgz{mrmo}os
iosthg|s {ps gqz ~lt|qzt gztk{tkstgz|{mqtzkqh{mg|kq|qzgkzo~p
zt|{m k}q~qpg zkqztoWLL

sysms{{jg mBiebersteiniaorphanidis~mglk |qt z{mnot k gst| nk g


|tskjmAbiescephalonica zgskqgk|{k
tqpszspgzgjgtqg kokqt 
L ~k g} zqtmm k {it p kqp kz|{s
k{g}q zkqjm kj}m k |g{ qiim |g o~s
osgsgz{gijt{ssgghkt{n|qm
zto zqtgsg}qnm|gs t tztk zqt}qtos |g zqt}{grm gz joksk |gq| osn|k {{g }o|
SAWAzto}tsgglk|tsmsBorphanidisksgPteridiUmaQUilinUm ViciatenUifoliaRTBROtenUifolia
-arrUbiUm cylleneUm Poa bUlbosa RK Adonis cyllenea
&ritillaria mUtabilis | ms toq|g m Biebersteinia
orphanidisgsg}qkg}kgkgst|nkjgsAbiescilicica|gCedrUslibani kokqt
L$AUIR 
fqrs{}zftistBiebersteiniankpqktgz
t t gsg {t m t|tikskg ps 'EQAMIACEAE
g{{ zq}gk qkosk jkrgs t oiiskk to
|qtgotgg|tistoksgjg}tqk||gt

posof{ fpm n   #NMRSAMSIMIDIR


 
jpsisfrms|spft tst
johpf|{jqyzolBiebersteinia orphanidisnkpqkt krg}gsns kjt gz ms {{jg |g ms oqzm7EBBA 'QETSEQAK 0EQRRNMB
p ms kzgsgsg|{o m t  t qt g
9AMMISRAQNRAK qkosgzkjto ztog|t{tnmk jkrktkjt~mglk|qtjzgqto
z{mnot to ki{to tqkst i|to m 
k{tztssto ~tsg |ggiqg}k t qt o{{sm
t oi|qmg to {ioqto ts g |g t qg~
6ARRIKIADER9AMMISRAQNR |gzms{{jg

kpiqg}|krz{pmn Biebersteinia orphanidisms{{jg

152

tzt|gtgmBiebersteinia orphanidistqtg k{tzssmtvpg{kjm 



jgkqm to gq|k ki{k k sg j|gt{titsmstztnmtokj|totstoz|t|tiskg"AJJEQAK -TEKKMEQAK| B


orphanidisksgtkjtztogszqtpzkkgqgm
krz{pmmt|tiskgzqtgjo| mkikt
|gmsoqzm|gnkpqkggsgt{|tktikg|~{pqj|t~ktsgsg grst ||gngqkjt tq}t{ti||g}otikpiqg}|jg|qgzgoz{tzg
kjmmt|tiskg
ffl yzlmnr iebersteinia orphanidis
ms{{jg~mglk|qtztqgj|toztz{mnotgztk{tkstogzk{~gpkq|jk|jktg~tos|ggiqg}kpqgoztz{mnot
to}ottotqksti|toztozqtgsg}qnm|gs
g|qh ozt{ti ps gps gs oztz{mno
ksgj|t{tiggzt|nkqlpgztqksgk|}tsgzkqkqggzsgk{~mkzt{{ikzkqzk zgqgmqnm|gs gqh{gg |g skgq }o k
gotto~qtogqgmqnm|kkzmjmtoqik}o|qzklgzkqpstohtztoto |gngzqggto}ot}qtossgjgkqg|{mq
|gkigszkqh{mg
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
iebersteiniaorphanidis }psgkg|qqg"A BI |g
$ps|gmitqskz|sjosmgm)5#. ~gqg|mqlkgp+sjoskts kjtms{{jg {ipm
zkqtqsmk}sm|g|oqpkrggpszkpsztoj~kggzmo{{tim|ggzmh|mmt

kig{kqtzqh{mgztogskpzlktkjtgoksg
mo{{titogz|mstq}to ttzttzktos
t}o|g|oqptqlptozkq~ktoktsp|
|gnkqgzko|igglgtoq}gmqkosgjkrk
zqigmBorphanidis~k|ztkgstrkjp||g
gs}{kitsjkjmk-ICEKIAK o{{ti
mgzto|mstq}to~kposzkg|g|gqt
sgk|qlstsgt{{|mqtoztz{mnotto}otzm
tkjth|kgk|t{ggzgitzqhgg |gn}kgk
zqtqm|gjksjgnkm~gstgznmmgi|ng tr|tok| o{{titogzhtgs|to{{|kzqzkkzmsggsg}kqnkpgzq}gmzkm
mszgqtogtoms{{jg
pf ypsff zgsmgto}ot~kkzmgsnkk|mstq}tomzkqt~kzo~gps
zkqgps }qpm zto hq|tsg k kr{rm totht{to| ngkzqkms|g{{qikgto
}otktgs|tzto|gmskzgskgipito
thtztogs~qkgnkzm ngk{g}qskms
zkm zto j~tsg t z{mnot to krgg m o{{titogz|mstq}toigmnkqgzkgpslps
to g{{ |g gz to htgs|t o{{|k g kzqk g|m ms zgqgipi zkqps ig }{grm k
qzklg zkqps ~pq sg kzhgqstsg t }o|t
z{mnot|g{tms|g{{qikgtoksjg}qtst
|gzstogot}otp|g{{pz|tkjto

Biebersteinia orphanidistqtg k{tzssmtvpg{kjm 



srsfzjil
psfrrfps

54

Bolanthus creutzburgii Greuter

Caryophyllaceae
Bolanthus creutzburgii Greuter in Candollea 20: 210 (1965).
3ys ;{{  t qm t qg|{kto=
b-NMR -UQI RTOQA FNMSEL 3JAQMEQNc   L
'reUter {ozt0!, 'QETSEQozt' 7 : 
jphpf|.gsjm zt{okzg khmro{jm
{tt}ozo|sq~pkg}kstq~pg gztk{tkstgzg|qgjksjkq~k|ghqg~kqk
mgjksjk{gtgstqnpstpqnt |to
  CL g|qgtzgspkhqg~kkjg|{gjk
tgskqtgv{{ggsnkg gs{ti~tkjp
zgto{tkj jgkps W  LLgrgsng
k kz|qk |g g~g{gk jk k zo|s ojk gsnps zgspkzmsnmtsqm hq|g
zgqtg ps }{{ps ~kjs tkinm to |{o|g
ztj|t hqg~kqt to |{o|g p gzsk {o|g
k{{ktkj    W  LL p{sgkzg~osgskqg ~qgthgnpztq}oqt |gg{itsg
ktrkgqips||tqo}|goskstksgk{ko|pz
khqskg{g iqgtkj zgto{tkj g|qkqgto|{o|g ~k{tzk{ps{ko|pzkki|qg
ztq}oq{pqjgz{mtsmhmto{tg
kz}o ptkj k{{kz| ~kjst|mto|{o|g jgqqmisoksm k  tjsk zqgg gqg k
~g |gt jgkps     W     LL k
|qt|tz|nm{
posof{fpmn 0HISNR+ALAQI
 

pg|tgqnttoB creUtZbUrGii|gtoB GraecUs


3CHQEB "AQJNTDAHjjtsggzto0HISNR+ALAQI
 |gksg|giggjtkjmn ~qptggtgqnn zto kzm gsg}qkgmsjg
jmtkomgztk{koztiqg}|{nt 
fflyzlmnrto{~tsoztz{mnot
tokjtoksgisptgko|qm|gtsxm{tqkmsgtgszqgig|gst~ktsBolanthUs creUtZbUrGii k}gslkgmg|mqm
gsgt{| m g{g~pqg oiiqg}g ~k zgqgmqkgztooztz{mnot sgsk|nktqks
i|t |gn|ggos|tsmsg{g~pqggqnps}osk}gslkgzt{|q pst{ik
jk|jk tg k |nk zkqt~ kjtsg ~k| k
tikntps{{psz{mnos jksksgjgng
vgskg zngs t ost{| z{mno gqnk {ikqggzks{|gtgost{||gmzto
|gg{ghstos g }o ksg |qkqt ps  JL2
ks ~tos zgqgmqmnk kqk osk~k kk
g|qgkkght{tsgqnpsksm{|psgps
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
zqpgq~||sjostigtkjt~klkgkmsozkqh|mmztoo}gggzgzqhgg mtztg zsp
gztjg|qtpsko|sqps|gtoxm{tqkm ksgjgq|ig{tt|g{t|gqomjqgmqmgqgoglkg}o zkqtqlkmsztmgps

jpsisfrms|spftpt{t
johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| kjt ps tqkss
i|pspsko|sqps|gtoxm{tqkm m|g
qm gst~psg}tqgzzgqg{kgsgt{|
m g{g~pqg m  qm :AQAM  
gs|g}gstsgsgzngskkrggto~gm{totqto kzhkhgnm|gs zt{ zq}gg zq{t  
g}ogospszkqt~s~qkltsg kstt zkqkqmjkqksmm
syshkt{n| hqg~jknk qpi|g
qk k okqt    L z{mno
gsgt{|mg{g~pqg}kgkhqg~jm|ggjm zgqg{g {it om{kqg gz t kzzkjt m n{gg skg g ostj kjm zkq{ghstsg g
%rica manipUliora |g -icromeria hispida t k{kogt
ksjm|mqm
fqrs{ }zf BolanthUs creUtZbUrGii zngs oiikskk zkqkqt k ts B licaUlis "NIRR
"AQJNTDAHmoqg zgqktzttjztk{{tkjt
ztok}gslkgms{{jg'QETSEQ ~qpt-

155

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoBolanthUs creUtZbUrGii

zkqps zto zgqitsg |g gsg{{k ms ki|ggmskgqs}osgks{|gtgzqtgktsg


psghgn krggtosgsjtokintoto
iksgmkqpstqkssoztz{mnoskttj|
j|ot kzgorsk to josm|t |sjsto gz zngsjgz{gsktotjtqgt gormsmh|mm gormsttoq|gozkqo{{tigzhtgs|t
p k kig{kqt |sjost sg hq|kg t oztz{mnogsgt{|mg{g~pqg ztog}oztqk
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Umbelliferae
Bupleurum aira Snogerup in Bot. Notiser 115: 366 (l962).
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Umbelliferae
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162

Bupleurum kakiskalae Greuter

"1

Umbelliferae
Bupleurum kakiskalae Greuter in Bauhinia 3: 250 (1967).
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165

Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.)


Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl.

$-

Buxbaumiaceae
Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl., Stirp. Crypt., Vogeso-Rhen., fasc. 8: n. 724
(1823).
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166

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168

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Callitriche pulchra Schotsm.

*"1

Callitrichaceae
Callitriche pulchra Schotsm., Les Callitriches: espces de France et taxa nouveaux dEurope: 40 (1967).
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qzklg zkqps g zg zngsmg m C pUlchra
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sg tstz zto kssk g ~pq gq |g zk{t


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k k~sm qzt k sg gormnk m grg to ig g
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ngztqtgssgrmqgsnts gstskqjghqkts
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t |t{mk ng ztqtgs sg ggtos sg jgmqts skq ig |ztt |gs ~qts| jmg krgg
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pfypsffksozq~tos zqttzgqs kskqiqgigmszqtggmCallitriche pUlchra gs|g
t zqiqgg %$0/.$3 k~k k}gqti t sm |g
zgqk~k|ztgiks|z{mqt}qmm~k|kmjgqmmpsk}kqpsoiqtzps|gmh{mto
m kikt sg zngss m C pUlchra |gg{ghsk {to to |g{{m{to htzto ms gjt
stqztigsggormnkmjgnkmgpst|tzpsm nggssgzqgigtztmnkk~smgrmm
tohntopso}gsps|t{tpst{nqptghkt{n|tstz

tNtokjtoCallitriche pUlchragzmstgjt mqmvp2,AMRDNVM 

170

1HBG@PC5 +@LQCMUL

tzttozstokjtoCallitriche pUlchra gzmsstgjt mqmvp2,AMRDNVM 

tgtokjtoCallitriche pUlchrakgrgpsmZannichellia palUstris gzmstgjt mqmvp2,AMRDNVM 

171

Campanula aizoides5<M<I@S"M@PO@M

54

Campanulaceae
Campanula aizoides5<M<I@S"M@PO@M
!GJMDNO -@K M@O<IM@<
ys;{{ tqm tgsps=bRNLLESKaERSDER'NQGERDE3ALAQIAc *TK Zaran
sn/{ozt0!, 'QETSEQ 
nrrnf CampanUla aiZoon RTBRO aiZoides :AFFQAMEW'QETSEQ (AQSUIGIM3SQID4AMEDR -NTMS&K
'QEECE  
jphpf|ktst|gqz|zt{ok {kt}o
kzg~k|qgqlg{gqnt to  
CL z~to   CLmhmto ipsjmkzt{oqnk|gzkhg|jg|{gjk qnk |to
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qips| grgsng |gzm zoqgjtkj }hm
g~otq}m k zt{oqng g{{ ~k| gzt|{stsgsnm khqg~k|gztoztj|to{o|gk
tjsk ks qips|t   LL |tqo} ~kjs
gh{kgk}sm|ogs  LL jz{gqz{gto|topstjspsto|{o|gwtn|m{kg
g qng }gqtkj   LL ~oq ipsjm
gstiksmkz{koq|tzqtozqggp~qt|gsg   W  LL
posof{fpmn#NMSAMDQINONTKNR
AK hgstko{|gztqtk{

msksgi|oqt }psgktqnqttoj|g
tgs|stgt{tig)#". mssm-C.EIKK
AK 'QETSEQ |gmktstgi|oqt
&EDNQNU(EXVNND zqtznmksg|sksgsst
osjog msC aiZoonRTBROaiZoides g{{|ggo
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'QETSEQ   oi|k|qst osjog kz|oqnm|kg|tg gzts(AQSUIG 4Noiikskqt
kjtmC aiZoidesksgmC aiZoon"NIRR3OQTMEQ m
tztgkrgz{skgmskqk{{jgqm|sg|g
gqsg C aiZoon~gqg|mqlkggzkig{kqm
k}sm  }tqg|qkqmgztotjskto|{o|gk|sgto}otztogsg}qkgpC aiZoides
to4AM)ASQN }gskgsggsgzgqms
C aiZoongsmC aiZoidessgqtkjtgom
tjtksgmC colUmnaris#NMSAMDQ 1TYEK:AQAM
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|g ~q j|g tg kjtsto t kjt go ksgjktst|gqz|zt{ok gqgtgksg

jpsisfrms|spftstpitot
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Arenaria cretica
CampanUla jacQUinii 'ypsophila
nana
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PhaGnalon
pyGmaeUm |g Potentilla speciosa g ostj SAWA
t qt k{ ztqk sg zkq{ghstsg Arnebia
densiora 'ypsophila nana ,inUm eleGans Potentilla
speciosa|gScabiosa tayGetea
fqrs{ }zf :AQAM  zkqiqgk ms
CampanUla aiZoidespstkjt g{{jksozjkrksg
jkig p zt k gzt{kg t stg to SAWNM sg

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCampanUla aiZoides

172

tzt tt|gsnttoksjm|tkjtoCampanUla
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tggstzkqt~krz{pmtokjtoksgC
JL2 kggzgmJLkgrtok{t
|gpsko|sqpsost{|zkqt~zto|gg{ghsk m CampanUla aiZoides zngss sg ksg |qkqm
psJL2sgispt kstiknttoz{mnot
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kjthq|kgozgzk{krggtojkttst|gqz|t |{|to lp to |gn |g ts jgkqg |q gqn pqps gps gs t s |g g tg
gsgztsg k ~ hq~ps o~s hq|tsg k
nkzqtgzlg|ggsnqztoz~~k|qmst h|mmgztk{kmgs|gzk{|gtoi-

iqg}g~kzgqgmqkmsqmgq|kzkqzk ztomgrgsngkspqtogtok~kksqk
gzt|tzk{iph|mmgzgitzqhgg|m|gm
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g|qqg"A CIU A CIU |g$ m)5#. 
pf ypsffks~k~qkqg{m}nk|gssgqtzqtggtokjtoto{~tsjtgz
tokig{kqto|ggzqtoz{mnottqt
k{|gmsqmgst~g ztqtssg~gqg|mqntsp|qtgztngg zgqtgkgjqonsgg
z{ggtozqtiqgt#2%4!0,!.4msqm
zkq}qgrmmzkqt~ngztqtksggzt|{kkms
h|mm |g p k| tto sg kzqk g }o gsks{~mg sg gsntos |g sg |gqzt}tqtos ngs
sggzgoggq~||qtgztnggngztqtksg
ksgmzkqt~gzztozkqiq}m|ktkjtgko|
qmmqm jm{gjtqt|st sggztg|qost qt ms |tqo}tiqg kgr to }gqgiit
mggq|gto}gqgiitto{i| t{jgto
tgtggsgt{|qig ksgzngsto{~tsqtgottooztz{mnothq|kgoz
t|gnkzqtggtons|tq|tomggq

-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

tksjm|kjtCampanUla aiZoidesgzgko|qmmqm
vp4TQKAMD 



Campanula asperuloides
(Boiss. & Orph.) Engler

54

Campanulaceae
Campanula asperuloides JDNN *MKC  IBG@MDI IBG@M+M<IOG
)<O +<IU@IA<H )<>COM 
ys ;{{ 0E k{tzssmt t ~gg= bIM
QEGINMELEDIALNMSIR#HEKLNR0EKNONMMERIOQNOE3SXGEL AKS   OEDc *TK  Orphanides 
' "/)3 
nrrnf TracheliUm asperUloides "NIRR  /QOH IM
"NIRRIEQ $IAGM0K/QIEMS3EQ  
T tayGeteUm 1TYEK  #NMSAMDQ IM 4AWNM  
 
jphpf| t{ok zg ~mgltog ~gm{ zo|s ojk z{to p  CL snt}qg k{~m
zt{oqng {kz |g knqgog |to    CL
kozt{kggzg{gs}{{psmhmv{{g~kjs qtiio{ p kz|p k{{kz|   LL g|qgg k {ito ghgnk tjsk t gskqt g
to qg~ph{k}gqjpsnmkojkps 
k g|qgk ~kjs g|qgk tjk |{o|g  {tht
{ktq~p {thttrkptr{m|tk}sm 
LL ksp{mstkj stsg|ogsp|ogstjm
kkst{tht|tottop{sgpzkqzto t{{|mqt t |t to tsk  hqg~kqt
ps{thsmk}sm gsnqkk{knkqt oz{ko|t
{tztozqtk|h{{kmgs| k{g}qjti|pst
t gskqt gqt igg    g gstiksm
kzqtoz{mtsmhmm
posof{fpmn#NMSAMDQINONTKNR
 $ALBNKDS pTracheliUm tayGeteUm 

|tqo}tiqg k zkqkqt k|knksk nk


zto |ltsg gz gqg Acer semperVirens Phillyrea
latifolia |g Amelanchier parViora RTBRO chelmea k
zqtk|ht{ ps hq~ps z{ gl k {{g zsg
tz| ksjm| zp g -elica rectiora -inUartia
pichleri RhamnUs sibthorpiana ThalictrUm orientale|{z
CampanUla asperUloides k}gslkgksgki{t
kqtotqto gzgLnktsqspsg
pgL|t{jgmoitsk{
fqrs{}zfCampanUla asperUloides ksgsg
koj|qt ksjm| kjt zto gq~| zkqiq}m|k p
sg{ttoistoTracheliUmkrggtozt{kstp{sgmk}sm|gto{toztozqtk|h{{k4AM)ASQN zpohgskk{{gism
grst| oiiks k ms CampanUla t TracheliUm
gztjk~nm|kzpjksksggq|tspjg|qksg
j|gtg t kzzkjt to jgkqto isto |g p k|
ttokspgnm|kmsCampanUla tT tayGeteUm
ttzttzkqiq}m|kgztqtgiktmk{tztssto1TYEK#NMSAMSQINONTKNR  nkpqkgjg}qkgzmsC asperUloides t~k
~kjs {kg k{~m |g |{o|g g|qkqto tjsk
|{o|g |g hqg~kqt p{sg k}sm gg~nm|k
kkzzkjtoztkjto'QETSEQ g{{mos~kg
nkpqnm|kgzms4AM gs|kmszt|{ttq}g m C asperUloides zt m g|t{tonkg
gzkp mgsg|{omzkqkqpsz{mnos

jpsisfrms|spfsnlkgztststpts
itot|ggokrgqggztokqt msnm
|gms|nkm

johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| m k{tztssto


~qkqgispgzkqgqmtsk{ ts
gikt ts qspsg |g ms to{t~qg q}gg
hqnm|k |g ms zkqt~ m oqpsm 2AABE  AK
 
sys t kjt ksg ~gt}o| |g }kg k
gz|qmstoghkt{n|thq~tok|qt|g{tzgi
kj}m osnpk|kq|gzqtgkosgqmg
qm k{ |g gikt gskoq|kg k gstigg
jtoAbies cephalonica PinUs niGrag|mknk
~pq jg| h{mm |k ztqk sg }kg gl k
{{gtz|ksjm|kjm zptTeUcriUm aroaniUm
ts qspsg ~k hqknk k hq~to |g |qmst
hqkto m htqktjo|t zqtgsgt{t gl k
AsperUla boryana A tayGetea InUla Verbascifolia RTBRO
methanea -inUartia pichleri Stachys chrysantha |{z
tqtto{t~qg}kgkhq~to|g|tm

175

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCampanUla asperUloides

|g m zgqrm gq|ks jkips gz j}tqk nk


kzh{{tosmsz{mqkqmgrt{immmtq}t{ti|zt|{ttq}gtokjto
ffl yzlmnr CampanUla asperUloides
gshq|kgkgsnt}tqg ~mglk|qg{g|
t}kzsptohq~to|gj|t{gjg}kikm
zqtt~ t kjt ztqk sg ksg zt{ tz| |g sg
gztolk gz zkqt~ zto }gstks| z{mqts {g
ggzgqgmgt|t{ti||qqgigsgt}{trksts
g|m |g gs tk nk ksg ikts| isps
z{mnos to C asperUloides ksg {{ts zsg
ms~gqjqgmoitoqtok{t g{{zkqkqt{kztkqqkosgmszkqt~ksjk~tspng
gzt|g{k sto oztz{mnot g qm qspsg
|gto{t~qgtkjt~mglkoztz{mnot zto
zt|{toskgqngps gzzkqztopzkqkqggz+AKONTSYAJIR#NMRSAMSIMIDIR 
oiiqg}kjks~tosk{kktooztz{mnot
ms~gqjqgmgi|jg ggsgt{|ggto
qtogito|gmoqpsm
ktqsknkhq|gkgztrmqgsg|gsk|q
}o to kjto ikits zto zngsgg t}k{kg k
osk~ksk~qts|qkqmhqt~zpmop
ksggsjkrmt}oksgkognmtkg|qgk
kght{ps|{g|sosnm|s

jgvp gzgtsgkj|zqg|||g
qgztozqzksg{m}ntskspszkqt~sgos
zqt|kstosgzqt}o{rtostgsg}kqkstkjtgz
tzttsjztk|sjost
C asperUloides |g{{kqikgk|t{ggzt~kggzto{ghstsgmsstrm|gqlstosk|g{{m{tozqpgj|}qtsjgngzqzksgjskgg
}o|gmjq|kgzgqgkgspszkqjpslkt
|grmqt|gqt|gtjosgskig{kqmjgztq to kjto k |g{{qikg |g m jgnkmg |g{{kqimstoo{|tng|skmgzgqgmmmo{{ti
got}os}oszqggztqtskzmsg~qmtztmnts kgzqtznkgsgkz{tonkmiksk|
zt|{mgto|g{{kqimstoo{|ttgs|tzt
|gqigqgztoksgzqtgsgt{sgmjgqmmps}o|skjsngzqzksgjgntoso{{ti
m C asperUloides isp zqt{kom g zqgg
tokjtoztqtskzmsgtztnkmntskqzklg
zkqps|gsgkqkosmntsth{kosn|k zto
kzqztosms|gsmg}qpto
zjnmpsfzysnk{l
js|rlorfrril

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


CampanUla asperUloides ksg sg k{|o| }o t
tzttkzlmkgiggsnt|t|t|tztsgjgkqg |g{{m{t ig ~qm k hqg~|mzto o{{ti
psgot}os}os tgzhtgs|tt|ggz
|mztoqt ztqk sg gztk{k sgs |sjost ig t kjt{{gito|{gtkzgqgkgskzkqjto
rmqs|glks|g{t|gqs}gskgsgkzmqklkt
kjt jgkqg to z{mnot zto }tsg g ~gm{kqg okqg qt t zgqs zsp ozq~tos
zt{{ikz{mqt}tqkzto~kltsgkmskzjqgm ms tztg ztqk sg ~tos t |{g| kght{
tkjt|ggozkqtqltsgktqskkk
zgqgmqk p m zgqrm sk|qs }os ksg g
sjkrmkpmpsozgq~spsgpsktqsto
z{mnot|gngzqzksggrt{timnkzqtk||
ggtokmsC asperUloides ms|gmitqgps
qps65 }psgkms)5#. kzkjz{mqtm|qqg"A BU A BU |g#AI zpohgskkgq|k{{gzsg}om{{jg gztoltos t~kg gz ms zgqg|t{tnmm ps z{mnos
miggzkqtjtks
pf ypsff mgs| qg zqtgg g
tztg ng ksg g} kzp}k{ ig m jgqmm to
kjto ngzqzksgzkq{ghstosmsjgqmmps
htzpstoto{~ts|ztkzkqt~ tztk
}kgmCampanUla asperUloides }gskgsgkrg}g{ltos {k zqtztnk ig sg ozg~nts k |ztt
kj||gnkzqtggtqtto{t~qg m~gqjqgmgi|jg mzkqt~mtsm{psg|g
m|t{jgmoitoqtok{tzkq{ghstsg
t|otmgs|st|t{ti|szkqt~sm{{-

tksjm|kjtCampanUla asperUloides gztqtto{t~qg


msk{tzssmtvpg{ztol|m 

176

Campanula garganica Ten.


subsp. acarnanica (Damboldt) Damboldt

54

Campanulaceae
Campanula garganica Ten. subsp. acarnanica (Damboldt) Damboldt in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 84: 358 (1965).
ys;{{g3S% kqk{{ tp{tg|gqsgsg= bLNMR "TLIRSNR IM QTO RR CAKC CA  Lc
*TM D Phitos {ozt-ozt 
nrrnf CampanUla acarnanica $ALBNKDS IM "NS
*AHQB3XRS 
jphpf| t{ok zg k ro{jk qlpg {gt |gg|kkst |to   CL m jg|{gjst
knqgot k k}gs ~stjk q~pg v{{g hmgztqtiio{psg k~t   CL|g{gg
 W LL |gqjtkj kghgnk{tht|gtjsk gskqg}{{g|qkqtokinto ptkj trg
tjtsp grgsng gqg k tjk ps   gsnps
{o|g ~stjm k ~kjs t|k qnto {tht
k}sm{ko|t|gsmp|ogs hqg~p~tgstkj |to LL zkqztoqz{gto|{o|g jgqksm|gtpgk{thtwtn|m}gq|
k~qto|gigggztogstik|gms
pqgsmkzqtozqggptkj |o|{| |ggs
posof{fpmn $ALBNKDS 
jpsis frms|spf 4{m zq{to p gq~ tosto
johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|oztkjtm
{{jgCampanUla GarGanica RTBRO acarnanicags
~qkqgispstgzghtqktjo|gg
to qto ztt q}gg t  hqnm|ksgstoztz{mnojo||tqo}ps
|gqsgs|s qps k g ~q i jkjtsg t
oztkjt nkpqkg p sg kstzt ksjm| m koqkqmzkqt~ps|gqsgs|sqps

gikts|sgsmk}g{ts n|m |osnt|g


ko|jg toz|oztkjtRTBROGarGanica kstzlkgtqt|qi|gst'AQGAMN mg{gtRTBRO
acarnanica jg}qk gz g oiiks| to m k}sm
mtztgjgqkgk{tht|gt to|to
m ksg{{gjtto{~ts|gg to
|to m zm zgqgmqkg jg}tq t q~pg
ttztttRTBROacarnanica ksgk}gs|g~stjk
ksg{{gjtoztkjmksgkkgszgq|tkkgqg
tmk m CampanUla GarGanica RTBRO acarnanica
k t oz| oztkjt k}gsltsg ts zt to q~gtmhmpssmpstogsnqg ztogztk{kggzhqg~kk gh{kkq~k kgsnkmkt
RTBROcephallenica ttzttzgqtolkmsjgnm
g|q tr{m|k q~k t RTBRO acarnanica |g t
RTBRO cephallenica ttltos t qzt jstrm m
|g zto kzoi~skg k zqto ks t oz|
oztkjtRTBROGarGanica k~tq}t{ti|
jg}tqztozgqgmqtsgmstjg kosjog
ktqg|jkjtsg nmgsto0AQJAK sg
zqtkstosmsgrsmmpsoztkjsmtjgt
kzzkjttokjtokpqtkgzgkgzkqgqp
k{mmtjgigmsjkqksmmpsgrst|s
~kpspsk{sm
fflyzlmnrCampanUla GarGanicaRTBRO
acarnanicagsg}qnm|kigzqm}tqtqtzt-

sysCampanUla GarGanica RTBRO acarnanicak}gslkg |oqp k ghkt{n| hqg~jk |{k


kki{m|{m|gozkq}qkgp~g}otts
z{mno to ztto }kg k okqt kgr
 L k|kqnk osnpks|t
jtoAbies cephalonica |g1UercUs ilexz{mno
ps |gqsgs|s qps hqnm|k k okqt  L
k ~ hq~ps sg |nkm ms zkqt~ to
ztto }kg gl k g zsg tz| ksjm|
CerastiUm illyricUm RTBRO crinitUm |g CentaUrea sUbciliaris RTBROacarnanica ksmszkqt~mijgto
qtoqk|g|gqsgs|qm glkNCerastiUm
illyricUmRTBROcrinitUm
fqrs{ }zf ( CampanUla GarGanica k|zqtpzkg ms {{jg k jt ksjm| oztkjm t RTBRO
acarnanicag|gqsgs|qm|gtRTBROcephallenica

177

kpiqg}| krz{pm to ksjm|t oztkjto CampanUla


GarGanica RTBROacarnanica

t gz to -AIQE  0ESISLEMGIM  p CampanUla cephallenica&EEQk}smtooi|k|qsto


oztkjtomsjgzkqt~kzhkhgnm|ktstto
gztszqtoiiqg}gzkqt~ozzkk
gjkjtsgztozqtq~tsggzts$ALBNKDS 
sgstoztz{mnohqnm|kkgzgmzkqzto
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178

Campanula garganica Ten.


subsp. cephallenica (Feer) Hayek

54

Campanulaceae
Campanula garganica Ten. subsp. cephallenica(Feer) Hayek in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 31(2):
534 (1930).
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180

181

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182

54

Campanula hierapetrae Rech. f.

Campanulaceae
Campanula hierapetrae Rech. f. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 170 (1935).
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54

Campanula merxmuelleri Phitos

Campanulaceae
Campanula merxmuelleri Phitos in Mitt. Bot. Mnchen 5: 121 (1963).
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185

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186

54

Campanula pangea Hartvig

Campanulaceae
Campanula pangea Hartvig in Willdenowia 28: 65 (1998).
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Campanula papillosa Halcsy

N"1

Campanulaceae
Campanula papillosa Halcsy in Bull. Sances Soc. Sci. Nancy ser. 3,9: 387 (1908).
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Campanula reiseri Halcsy

54

Campanulaceae
Campanula reiseri Halcsy in sterr. Bot. Z. 47: 96 (1897).
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lpsussjophffpl

Campanula samothracica (Degen) Greuter


& Burdet subsp. samothracica

54

Campanulaceae
Campanula samothracica (Degen) Greuter & Burdet subsp. samothracica in Willdenowia 11: 40 (1981).
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Campanula saxatilis L. subsp. saxatilis

54

Campanulaceae
Campanula saxatilis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 167 (1753) subsp.saxatilis
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-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LClpsuss

Centaurea achaia Boiss. & Heldr.


subsp. corinthiaca (Boiss. & Heldr.)
Phitos & T. Georgiadis
Compositae

54

Centaurea ~chaia Boiss. & Heldr.subsp. corinthiaca(Boiss. & Heldr.) Phitos & T. Georgiadis inBot. Chron.
1(2): 102 (1981).
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ps|ksq|s gzt|{stsg |to   CL k 
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zkqt~totoqg|tovppsgssjm 

202

Centaurea aetolica Phitos & T. Georgiadis

$-

Compositae
Centaurea aetolicaPhitos & T. Georgiadis in Bot. Chron. 1(2): 104 (1981).
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posof{fpm2n0HISNR'ENQGIADIR 

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Centaurea argentea L. subsp. argentea

+"

Compositae
Centaurea argentea L., Sp. Pl. 2: 912 (1753) subsp. argentea
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t }o sg k}gslkg ~kjs ~pq h{g v{{g
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k{g}qg}ksg~gsg}g p~qt|gsgg~oq~qpg kz|m |to   LL ozkq{ghgststotozzzto ~qgt{ko|t|g|to LL

htztgtsgj|gsg}tqmC arGentea gzm


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|to  LL ktjskhqg~kk|gsnk|to
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qm  qm |g ms zkqt~ ps tqps }sm
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ko{|gzttzt{gs}gqiimqm 2NTSRI
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arGentea ksg ksjm| ms  qm |g g nmqg
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205

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RTBROarGentea

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UAQchionantha4TQKAMD,#HIKSNM krggps{ko|s
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pn{oztojmtoqikg~gsg ~tosk}gsnk~pq
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ztojk~sktSAWNMjgnksgshgngsnk||mgzoq|gighstsgozmmsjtto
z{mnot|gts~k|~gm{hgngzk{ zqtkskgm|gmitqggm{tsjsto,# igtoztkjt }psgkms)5#. 
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tksjm|oztkjtCentaUrea arGentea RTBROarGenteagzm~kqsmtqghtg qmvpgqm 

206

-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

Centaurea argentea L. subsp. chionantha


(Turland & L. Chilton) Greuter

7+"

Compositae
Centaurea argentea L. subsp. chionantha (Turland & L. Chilton) Greuter in Willdenowia 33: 54 (2003).
ys ;{{  t qm t gnto=
b3CHKTCHSATRGAMG MNQDRSKICH UNM -NMARSXQAJIc 
L -AI PleGer & Risse sn{ozt50!
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,#HIKSNMIM"NS#HQNM 
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207

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|toztkjtoCentaUrea arGentea
RTBROchionantha

CentaUrea arGenteaRTBROchionantha jks~kg|m


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-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

tksjm|oztkjtCentaUrea arGenteaRTBROchionanthagzt}gqiito~pqttoq{p tgntovpgqm 

208

54

Centaurea athoa DC. subsp. athoa

Compositae
Centaurea athoa DC., Prodr. 6: 588 (1838) subsp. athoa.
3ys;{{ kqsmtitoqto=bIM'QAECIALNMSE!SHNMEc AUcher ' $# h{zk7AGEMISY
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0HXSNSAW 

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posof{fpm2n = 3SQIDA tm 


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210

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(Halcsy & Hayek) Dostl

54

Compositae
Centaurea attica Nyman subsp. megarensis (Halcsy & Hayek) Dostl in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 198 (1976).
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"1

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Centaurea carysteaTrigas & Constantin. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158(4): 764 (2008).
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215

Centaurea charrelii#<G>NTM

"1

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vpkpqijm 

217

Centaurea cithaeronea Phitos & Constantin.



Compositae
Centaurea cithaeronea Phitos & Constantin. in Fl. Medit. 3: 273 (1993).
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Centaurea heldreichii Halcsy

54

Compositae
Centaurea heldreichii Halcsy in Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 61: 315 (1894).
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221

Centaurea lanciAolia Sieber ex Spreng.



Compositae
Centaurea lanciAolia Sieber ex Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16, 3: 406 (1826).
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Centaurea leonidia Kalpoutz. & Constantin.



Compositae
Centaurea leonidia Kalpoutz. & Constantin. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146: 375-383 (2004).
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js|rlorfrril

226

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54

Compositae
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js|rlorfrril

Centaurea messenicolasiana
T. Georgiadis, G. Dimitrellos & Routsi

54

Compositae
Centaurea messenicolasiana4'ENQGIADIR '$ILISQEKKNR2NTSRIIM7IKKDEMNVIA  

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Centaurea niederi Heldr.

54

Compositae
Centaurea niederi Heldr. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 4, 13: 380 (1860).
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Centaurea paxorum Phitos & T. Georgiadis

54

Compositae
Centaurea paxorum+CDOJN/ "@JMBD<?DNDI-@Q DJG >JG (@?DO 
ys ;{{ t st t t grt= bIM QTOERSQIBTRCAKCLAQISILIRADLEQIDIN NQIEMSAKELIMRTKAE
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k g }{{g hm k}{g ktspsg zkqh{mg
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gztqtiio{psg og{tkj {ko|~qpg krgqgg
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Centaurea peucedaniAolia Boiss. & Orph.

54

Compositae
Centaurea peucedaniAolia Boiss. & Orph. in Boissier, Fl. Orient. 3: 647 (1875).
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b0EMIMRTKA !SHNA OQNOE $AOHME /QOH c kqiq}m|k
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54

Centaurea poculatoris Greuter

Compositae
Centaurea poculatoris Greuter in Bauhinia 3: 252 (1967).
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gqg q~pg ms sp kz}skg |g ms pqgsm
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54

Centaurea princeps Boiss. & Heldr.

Compositae
Centaurea princeps Boiss. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 6: 111 (1859).
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Centaurea pseudocadmea Wagenitz

54

Compositae
Centaurea pseudocadmea 2<B@IDOUDIII )<OPMCDNO (PN 2D@I
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zt{mgs|sgjtnkmjosgmgtooi|k|qstooztz{mnotsgzgqitosg~gsgigmsos~m m gsgzgqgipi g tg zqpthto{g ng
zqzk sg gsg{m}nk |gzs |g{{m{m ksmqpm
pstz|s}tqps|gjgkqgps|mstq}pszto
jqgmqtzttsgzkqt~
|g{{qikg to kjto k stg |g tgs|tztoex sitUjgqmm ztqksgzqgigtztmnk j~p zqth{gg g{{ osg sg kzko~nk
gzt|{k|pm}qpmg~gspsgzqzksg
{m}nkqsg kg}osgmsoz|ksgkzt{
om{ nkqt|qgk |g ki{m zgqt~ skqt |g
m jq|kg to |g{t|gqt kzt~ zto gst~k t
rmq p jqtkq|tqo}pstqps ktikg||{g
js|rlorfrril
zjnmpsfzysnk{l

tttoksjm|tkjtoCentaUrea pseUdocadmeagztqt
ngqsg kqk{{vpg{tikqzto{t 



54

Centaurea pumilio L.

Compositae
Centaurea pumilio L., Cent. Pl. 1: 30 (1755).
ys qtgnk p jgmqmt gz ts 4TQKAMD IM
4AWNM     ;iozt {krsjqkg= bIM AQEMNRIRLAQISILIRAD3IDI 'ABEQc !OQ Bornmller
" 
nrrnf AeGialophila pUmilio , "NIRR $IAGM 0K
/QIEMS 
CrocodyliUm pUmilio , . 'AQCIA  3TRAMMA IM 0K
3XRS%UNK 
jphpf|vozt{ok ztjkkkz|m |tsjo{jm |qg qlg snt}qt h{gt hqg~k   
 CL gz{tjg|{gjst ksqk kstokj}tov{{ghm~mgltsgsgszkqkqto
qjg|k k q~pg gqg~stkj kqjk {ko|}gt
osnp {oqtkj zkqtkj k ki{to g|qgto
{tht zgspgjgqkg tzkptkj |gqj~mg
k{{kz|k}{gosnp  zgspzkqkqg
p khqg~ztj|tkqh{mgptkjkjkqt p  LL kgg hq|g zkqh{gt ptkj
k og{jk krqmg |gg{itsg k ~oq |gsng
|to LLrpkq|gsnjgjm {itg|qkqg
gzgkpkq| kq|gzg|ksq|o~sztq}oq zgsp{ko|~gsgqtzg{tkj |to~q
LLzztjz{gto|togotpsg~gsps ms
hmgst|}gt tkrpkq|q~kqg~kk |to
zkqztoLL kpkq|qttozzztogztk{tkstgziqgtkj {ti~tkj{zgktr|qts g|qgg {kg

maritima %Uphorbia paralias Silene colorata | t


{g}ts  qm gzgs kzm k ms Silene
ammophila
fqrs{}zftstgt{tigmCentaUrea pUmilioozqrkigki{tjmgoi|k~osm ktkjt
sggsg}qkgkzt{{qigpAeGialophila pUmilio,
"NIRR g|m|gzqt}pz~-EKEAK g{{
|gkrggmksoiiskmzqtmsC aeGialophila7AGEMISYAeGialophila cretica "NIRR(EKDQ 
/4TQKAMDB kzqkskmsjgqmmtotsgtgottokjtopCentaUrea pUmilio , ttztts
~k isk gztjk| AWNM     qig m
oiiskg m C pUmilio zqt ms C aeGialophila ksg
zt{ks kjg}tqtosgkstzltsg|oqp
mstq}tozzztopsg~gsps|gpshqg|ps
}{{pstozkqh{gtkqgqpk{mgosps
kjsztqksggztjkrkmtqnkqmgrst|to
nmksggopsjtoztkjs7AGEMISY 
fflyzlmnroztz{mnotmqm
|oqpto{g}tsmt|gmzkqt~psvg{gqsps ksgz{togtkgqnsgpsk|nkg
gzks{ipzkqt~ gtgpozkqhgstos
  ggsgksgs pk|tto mzgqtog
mCentaUrea pUmiliosgknkpqktg}g{oo~
t zqttz| jgmqkp to ks {ip kjto jks ksgkotpsk zgqstsigmssmjg{g}ts

posof{ fpm 2n   +ALAQI  -ASSHR 4NQMADNQEAK vtt| 


jpsisfrms|spfzq{t t
johpf|{ jqyzol CentaUrea pUmilio gzgs
ms iozt gza zto ~k zkqiqg}k ms hm oqg {{jg|gggsgt{|zgq{gzkqt~0TGKIA
mg{g4NQMADNQEAK -EKEAKp
AeGialophila pUmilio ms{{jgksgispgz
zgqg{k m  |g  qm g{g~pqg vg{gqsg z{t |g ms z{mts |ksm smjg {g}ts gzmsst{g}smtz{mtsto|qto
mk{tztssto msk}g{{msgvtt|
gzmszkqt~mg~qpmsk{tzssmt
mzto{t zqtpz kz|tspsg |gn |g gz ts
qto{tottg|psgg{ztol|m zqtpzkz|tspsg 
sysCentaUrea pUmilioksgispstsgz
gjk zgqg{g| nk osnp k gtnsk
o~s gzgs k g kjm PancratiUm maritimUm Cakile



kpiqg}|krz{pm n CentaUrea pUmilioms{{jg

tztmCentaUrea pUmilio gvg{gqsgmqmvpgqm 



tgmCentaUrea pUmilio gzmsstk}g{{msgkzsp }pgqm |ggzgvg{gqsgmqm|p }p*


"IEMUEMT 



qm mtztg~k~gqg|mqnkpzttst|
mgg 3#) '2  g tt sts ks k|k
jgmqmntsg|ztgqgzqtggmsmjg g
tztg~tos{m}nkzkq}mmgjmzgqg{gps
vg{gqsps~kgq~kjmsg``|gngqlkgaakm~gs|gmstk}g{{msgtjtoztz{mnot t
tzttk~gskstznkzqtks ~toskpnkmgs|
|gtsgkrgos~k~kjskrg}gsnkthtzt
~kiskzgqg{gstsmtoq|gszorm ms
gjmzgqg{gmg~qpk{tzssmt zgqms
gsglmmgottokjto kmszqmgskqk
to jkskzgskoqnmmsst{g}smt stpm
k{tztssto zto jks ~tos {m}nk jgkqg qg
zqtgg ~k|ggspqpzkqt~ jm{gj
thgngtzkqtqtoz{mnot {ipkssps
gsnqpztiksskzjqkpst|ttoq|zkqt~ 
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
CentaUrea pUmilio ng ztqtk sg nkpqmnk p sg
kjtztojksgzk{kg |gnatskjtqm
gz to to{~ts  z{mnot m zto }tsg
ms{{jg |ggkqnm|gszkqkqggz
 tgp {tthtztgottokjto
oz|ksgkstsmtoq|zkm|gstsggz
got zqtgkkg kq| rgg m zkm go t zkqkqt z{mnot k}g{ts g~qp
{g}smt |ggk{kogg m ~tosoztk
kpmkig{kqmtozm tsz{mnoto
z{toqm zgqgmqnm|kzq{t gz
tooiiqg}ktozgqstqnqto stsmozthn-

mtoz{mnot g}tjksozq~gskgostk
qgtg |gsiggsnt}tqgtkjtnkpqkgp
qp65 }psgkms|gmitqtztmmm)5#.
 kzkjz{mqtg|qqgA CI II III A CI II III 
zkqgqptoq|gszorm zkqt~ztot
kjtgzgs zngssngkzmqkkgqsm|mskzhpmmC pUmilio|gtkjtng~qkgnksg|gggik
kom{kqm|gmitqggzk{tzqtk~{{ts
pfypsfftksgtqkg{|zqtk
igmszqtggmCentaUrea pUmiliogagq~ sg
isk tog| m zqtgg to kjto ms smjg
{g}ts tt ng kzko~nk k ms nzm gomqs qps zqtgg ig ms ost{| ~{pqjg |g
zgsjg|goi~qspkmsosk~kzqmm |oqp
|gtonkqstsk igmsk}gqtipsks{ip
qps {{pk m ks {ip smjg ~k ~gqg|mqnk
pzttst|mggjkkqtzqtkskstqztksgmjgqmmpsg~gspstokjtok
qzklkksk|t{|t igmsex sitUjgqmto
|gms ks|gq ~qmtztmtozqtks~omps
}o|sz{mnos
{mqpszqtggoz{tzkgjk
zgqg{km~qg ztomtoq|zkmksgzt{
stsm nkpqkg totz| to{~ts ~q to t
zt{kgzt|tost|t{ti|oskjmm

zt|{om to ql|t ogt m CentaUrea pUmilio gz ms gztqnqpmpsgtnssN{g}tsqm vpgqm 

250

jophffpl {lfsrl
-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LClpsuss

tgmCentaUrea pUmiliogzgvg{gqsgmqm
%zsp}pgqm |p}p4TQKAMD 

54

Centaurea rechingeri Phitos

Compositae
Centaurea rechingeri Phitos in Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 67: 165 (1964).
3ys;{{7!E ztqjk toqgsgi=
b)MR+XQA0AMAGIA IMQTOERSQIBTRCAKCOQNOELNMARSEQITL0AMAGIAc -A Phitos {ozt
ozt7 
nrrnfCentaUrea scyria 2TMELAQJIM"NS.NS
 
Colymbada scyria 2TMELAQJ (NKTB IM 0QERKIA 
 
jphpf| t{ok }o k hm mro{jm t{|{mqtkzo|s {ko|pz kqjk|{og"{gtk|}okst|gnsggzqjg|g}{{ps kstkkgqg
jg|{gjkt|pqt|gzkqkqktsp
qtjg|gsgzkqkqtkzt{oqng}{{g|to~qCL|gz{to~qCL hqg~p~g zkqt~j kz{ito{thtgsnkto
|ga ksg{{gis osnp k{{ktkjk g|qgto
}qtsk sg |q {th t |p qt to gskqg }{{g h{gt |qkqg ~kjs tg zqt go
m hm g|qgg {ti~tkj k}{g ktspsg
t|qtspsh{gskqh{mg|k}g{tom}gq| |to CLq|gzkqh{gt|kqgtkj
kz|g{ozksg g~oqjm p~q k gqg ~stjk |{og |gkqg hq|g ptkj kgg kz|p k{{ktkj {ti~tkj gskqgkz|m g|gkqg|g
kgghq|g}qtsgtgskqtqttok{~kgqg |ggs}gkh{k}gqjk|gms|tqo}
g|jg |to LLrgqggmko|qssnjg
ztq}oq |toLL~gsgzo|skgrq~g
kzzztqz{gto|to

fqrs{ }zf ( CentaUrea rechinGeri |g m


C atropUrpUrea /KIUIEQ C oliVeriana $# ksg
tq}t{ti| gz{tsoiikskjmksmtjt
Acrocentron ms tztgs gs|tos 0HISNR   gq
ozq~tok ttmk jg|qstsg g} kgr
to ~ g }{{g m hkp m C rechinGeri ksg
|gna {t t |t to zkqt~j jmqmsg m C
atropUrpUrea ksg {oqtkj k t gskqt o ps
}{{ps sg sk ~kjs gjgqkt zm g |k}{g
m C rechinGeri ksg |qkqg ks g hq|g to
|k}g{to ksg mgs| |qkqg zt{ogqnkqg
|g}qtosms|tqo}ghqg~kgg|jg
ffl yzlmnr zp ohgsk osnp k
g ksjm| kjm to igto g zqtgqtsg |g
}oksg~psgzt|qsps ghkt{n|s
hq~ps m CentaUrea rechinGeri k}gslkg ztqgj|oi|qtkjgqpt{iqntoz{mnot
oztz{mnot o ksg t {it ig ts tztts m
C rechinGeri zgq}kgkj}tqkstops
ztqjps ms|qt|gmst nkpqkgjgkqg
zst
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
|sjost zto gzk{ts ms CentaUrea rechinGeri ~kltsg k ms t{itk{ gm ps z{mnos m
|g jks ksg kt p m t{itk{ gm ps
z{mnosmos g|qh tstsgj||sjost

posof{fpmn 2TMELAQJ
'ENQGIADIR#HQIRSNDNTKAJIR 
jpsisfrms|spft tst
johpf|{ jqyzol {{ms| ksjm| kjt k}gslkst k j}tqk sto to igto oq gsgi tqg |qt |g ms smjg rp ghk
CentaUrea rechinGerigzgs|gmsstt'ENQGIADIR#HQIRSNDNTKAJIR ks{ipk}smng
ztqtksg~gqg|mqnk gz}otikpiqg}|gzkp gosnmigsgksjm|kjtto+igto
ztqjk |qt |ggstzpmt mtztg
gs|kmsgsgt{|}otikpiqg}|zkqt~
sysCentaUrea rechinGeri}kg|oqpk~gztps osnp zgqgng{gps ghkt{n|s|{psiptokrkj|kostohtztom|g
mgqgk}gskm g|gztoosozq~tsgkjmjksztqtssg~gqg|mqntspostj

251

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCentaUrea rechinGeri

jkjtstoksjk~ksmjggqg~mtqqtzgps
htzpsmksgjosgssgkz}qkkpmpsgpskgotsmkoszkkgqtgksjk~ksg
jksksg kqg gzngsgtkjt }psgkg|qqgA BII IU U A BII IU U |g#AI m)5#.
gtztgz{mqt ~gqg|mqlkgpqp65 
pf ypsff jgkqg qg zqtgg m
CentaUrea rechinGerijksksgk}| {ippsktspsps|ggzqpshtzpsztogo}kgms
oi|k|qsm zkqzpm zp k zt{{ gs{tik m

zkqhg{{ts| kognmg |g m ksmqpm ps zt{s|gpstz|s}tqpsngztqtksggztthkksjk~ksmoqq|spmpshtzpstokjto


qkosg m gsgzgqgipi m C rechinGeri m gnkq
jgqmmgpsmktgs|tzto|gg~gspsmkqzklkzkqpsnggztk{tos kzm
mgs|ksqikkigmsex sitU jgqmm|gig
zngs ~qmtztmm }os ig ts kz{to ps
got}osz{mnosm
lpsussjophffpl

tgtoksjm|tkjtoCentaUrea rechinGerigztqt~o{gmsto|qtovpg{ 

252

Centaurea subciliaris Boiss. & Heldr.


subsp. acarnanicaMatths

54

Compositae
Centaurea subciliaris Boiss. & Heldr. subsp. acarnanicaMatths in Bot. Jahrb. Syst., 95(4): 430 (1976).
3ys;{{3S% kqk{{ tp{tg|gqsgsg=b-S"NTLIRSNR -ACCHIE 1UercUs ilex 7AKD AKS
 Lc  *TK  Damboldt  {ozt "
HEQB$ALBNKDSozt" 50! 
nrrnf CentaUrea acarnanica -ASSHR 'QETSEQ IM
7IKKDEMNVIA 
jphpf|t{okzg ksg{igk{~mto
p  CL {g osnp jg|{gjst jg|{gjk |to   CL +gkqg }{{g k tq}
qjg|g |to    CL z{gkqg t ts t
|gkqtgto osnpgz{zkqt~j {tht
k{{kz|t {ti~tkjk gzt{m||{tho~skig{kqt ps {{ps gkqg }{{g k{~to tg
kg}{{gtoqjg|gg{{|qkqg gskqg}{{g
osnpgz{ ks{ti~tkjk}{g gs{k~t ptkj |to   LL rgqgg hqg|pszkqh{gt|k}g{togst|t|qsgpjg}gs
|oq |o|{| p ptkj |g{ztsg t kig{kqt
g ps ikts|s hqg|ps t kgt g to
ksqips| g~oq~qptpgzg{|ggs zkqnqgg|qggsnmg~stjmpqjsg gkrpkq|
kig{kqg |g gzt|{stsg ~gsg q~p k{g}q
|ggs kiqgkzztkikntzkqztot
tog~gsto kgjqq~k

osjkg ks k ms C sUbciliaris RTBRO sUbciliaris


m tztg krgz{skg k tqsg sm to tsto zk{itozgosjg}qkt osnp ~kst
sg{k~t t~gps}{{pstoqjg|g|gps
|gpqpsmpstoh{gt t~g|g ksjk~tsp jgkto|k}g{to-ASSHR 
oi|k|qsk jg}tq ~qkltsg zqtk|| grt{immigtgsksggnkq|gigt|gzt
g|t{tonts|zttikpiqg}|zqoztC sUbciliaris
RTBRO acarnanica gsghgnnm|kzq}ggtkzzkjt
to kjto gz ts 'QETSEQ  t tztt p jks
jpk|zttkzz{tst~ktztosgoztmqlkms
zttoogqt{ti| tRTBRO sUbciliaris}gskg
sgksgjz{tkj|gkqgz{tkj ktqsg}o
sg k}gsltos ozkqqng " ~qptgg ks t
RTBRO acarnanica ksgstkqgz{tkj kkqg
"~qptgg-ASSHR 
ffl yzlmnr oztz{mnot to RTBRO
acarnanica zto gsg|g{}nm|gs g |gqsgs| qm
gztk{tsg gz gq|k k|gtsjk p g|m |g
~{jk gps mkpnk k tqsk nk
ozt{tigkmzo|smgk}smgottoSAWNM
}nskg tggsL2~khqknkz{gim|tqo}m{tqo}|gtkqigsoztz{mno zto}kgghqkgggtotqkst
oi|qtgt gztk{kggzkq|~{jkgps

posof{ fpm 2n   " -ASSHR


 
jpsisfrms|spfztst{tpggg
{mtooitto
johpf|{jqyzol tSAWNMksgksjm|ksg
|qgm{{jgkrz{pmmCentaUrea
sUbciliaris RTBRO acarnanicazkqtqlkgghqkggg to qto ztt gza zto o{{~nm|k ig
zqm}tq|gzkqiq}m|k |gn|gg|ksq||g
hqkgggtotqkstoi|qtgtps|gqsgs|sqps
sysCentaUrea sUbciliaris RTBRO acarnanicak}gslkg|oqpkzkqjm|ghqg~jmkj}mqtgst||gm{{tokz{gi kgstiggnsps|g}qoispsvkgtz| kokqtkgr
 L osnpglk|tsro{jmkjm zp
m1UercUs coccifera mPhillyrea latifolia |mszkqt~
mtshto |gakrgqkm }kgglktzsttz|ksjm|CerastiUm illyricUm RTBRO crinitUm
fqrs{ }zf CentaUrea sUbciliaris RTBRO
acarnanica gs|k ms C RECSIN Phalolepis grst |



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|toztkjtoCentaUrea sUbciliaris
RTBROacarnanica

tksjm|oztkjtCentaUrea sUbciliaris RTBRO acarnanicagzg|gqsgs|qmmp{tg|gqsgsgvp+gqgz{sm 



|gk}gslkgkoi|ksqkztoz{mltostz|
g tggsL2s|gg}ok|nkz{mno
ksgg|mzt{oqng zgsp|gg}qstossggsntos|gsgjmtoqitosg~gsg krggmstsm
h|mm |oqp gz gitzqhgg k oztz{mnot
ztogqntsgq|kk|gtsjkgpsjo|t{kon|gksghqtk{ikjk|jkgsii~gtg|gms
kqigg zkjto t  |g t  zt{tigk
{ikqg to  ps ost{|s }os |gg}qstos
sg~mgltosg~gsg+gqgz{sm gsgissmmksgzt{|q|g|oqpkrgqggzg}o
ztokig{stosgknstozqtgktsgk
|zttqztgzglgksispqltok{kztqkk
~k|ktsgqnps}oszto}tsgmszkqt~ gz zto zkqiq}m|k t oztkjt qt ztt |gn|gto|sjstoztopgskpzltos
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
oztz{mno m m{ tqo} hqnm|k |ts
mtshtoomnm|gjgkqgt|tss
tqtzjt hj gztk{ts zgqgjtg| ht| k|gtsjpsgitzqthps|nk|g{t|gqz{ktsmg
ps}os|ggsg{skggzlg|gtoztz{mno
gzk{kgkzmgzmskz|gmps|mstqt}|s
ki|ggkps |gn |g gz tqsg k~s| qig
zpmtzjpmpsgiqsmts
jkkqt oztz{mno kgr ps |tqo}s
qit|gkqigs hq|kgkthgq|sjostkrggmozkqh|mmgzt|glg zpgitzqhgg gik{jk |g ~tqto o t z{mno gztk{kg gz {ik ~{jk }o g{{ st sg |q

zttto{ikqtto kzoi~sksggsnk
|nk t ki{t nst jgkqg 1UercUs coccifera
~tosmgs|q{tmszqtggtqsps}os
qtkstok sg |ggg~nk t oztkjt ms |gmitqg ps qps 65 |gnts z{mqt g |qqg
"A BU "A BU |g $m)5#. krggm
zkqtqsmzkqt~k}sto to|gg|kqgtps{ikqpsgzispsoztz{mnosto
m|qgsgissmm mozthnmmztmg
tot|tztoto g{{|gmosk~lksmkpm
togqntpsks{|psgpsto
pfypsffpjg~kqmmh{mm
|gmgskzmmozkqh|mmmszkqt~k}smtooztkjtogsgskgsg~toskokqik|gztk{gg ttooztz{mnottot|gms
g|qtzqnkmjgqmmtolp|t|k}g{gtoztgjztkgsnqzsmkzhgm z~kk~s|qig mszkqt~tohtztops}osngzqzksggzt}ko~nk
toztkjtjks}gskgsg~k|ztg|g{{pz|
grg tkhkhgpskzngst{titksk}gqg|ko| jmk |g zgsp o{{ikg gz to gsnqztomzkqt~ztqksg|g{{kqimnkkko|t{gk
tgs|tztoppsg~gspsto m}qpm
ps tztps ksg zt{ |g{ |g{{qikg ps }os
ex sitUkzqzk kzm tszt{{gz{ggtooztkjto mso{{tig~gspsto|gmsgztn|koto
k qzklk zkqps k zkqkqg to ks |g
zqtmm qigqgstg
js|rlfpfyzrl
js|rlorfrril

gzk{tkstgzt|glgz{mnotoksjm|toztkjtoCentaUrea sUbciliaris RTBRO acarnanicakgrps|tqo}sqito


|gkqigsps|gqsgs|sqpsvp+gqgz{sm 

255

Centranthus sieberi Heldr.

54

Valerianaceae
Centranthus sieberi Heldr. in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 40: 295 (1890).
j{nys&QAMYMIM3SQID4AMEDR  -NTMS
&K'QEECE ;{{ tqm tgsps=bADCACTLEM(AGINR4HENDNQNRc;-S4HNDNQI= 
3EO Sieber sn7 
nrrnfCentranthUs neVadensis"NIRRRTBROsieberi
(EKDQ )2ICHAQDRNMIM"NS*,IMM3NC 
jphpf| t{ok }o zo|s zt{h{gt k
zg~ ro{jm hm snt}qt h{gt gstqntkst
pqnt |to CL gjg|{jpt k lkim
}{{ps {kt gm{kqg }{{g h{gt zgto{tkj g kgg zgto{tkj iqgtkj k{{kz|
|g~g  W LL {kggrgsng}hm k
zt{oqng snm ~mgltsg g ~g{gq }gqg jg|{gjk grgsng k{g}q gjkspj q~p
q|gsmgtkj iqgtkj zkqztoLLsnmkqg}qjgk}smqjsm kp{sgg|q|g{kz
|to   LL k {tht zkqzto  LL k{g}q
sto|gkz{|qt{kz |to LLtsg zqtk|h{{pszkqztoLLgztsp{sgm
k}smsnqgzkqzto LL{tzqtkr~ps
zkqztoLLgztsp{sgmk}sm igg|qgtgqzptkj |to  LL go{g|tkst
msgtoz{koq {kt
posof{fpmn-NMSLNKKIM 

kgrqpq|g}g||tpqt|sqt
to tqkst i|to |g |t{jk gi|sg togq|ggqt||t|gtoqtotjpq
&QAMYMB *"IEMUEMTzqtpzkz|tspsg|gzgqgmqktooiiqg}g 
oiiqg}g ~k zgqg|t{tonk st ts oztz{mno ms |t{jg m togq k j}tqg
m |gmjq|kgmjk|gkgto|gjkszgqgqmkzkqkqggzkq|jk|jkqgtg
vo| g qg tg zto jks gsnltos jks istsg
gs{mz|gk|t{gzgqgh{ztsg kztsptgqnttokjtoztqksgksgom{kqtgz}gskgstoztz{mnomtogqksgzqgig|zt{|q|gkstjt~kigto{{to
roztz{mnot ktost{|z{mnoztqk
sgzkq{ghsk{ikqggzqgtgwt | tt }gskg gzngst ks ksg isp ks
toztz{mnotgortkstsg}nstosost{|
zkqt~zto|gg{ghstos }psgkgt~kgps
kzispsoztz{mnos ksgzkqztoJL2
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zqhgg mtztgosk~lkg|gmjq|kgt{{|mqto
to|g{t|gqtgki{gokqgpsko|sqkps zspgztjgtqtg}oiks|ksgzqthggzqhgg|gksghhgth|tsg k

jpsisfrms|spft{tpkzhqt
johpf|{ jqyzol tz| ksjm| to gsgt{|t |oqto gt to tqkst i|to ps ko|s
qkpsmsqm
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2ICHAQDRNM tkjtgoksgzgqk}kqt
t|t{ti| t |g tq}t{ti| k t C sieberi g{{
jg}qkt~k lkimiqgtkjspk{{kz|s }{{ps h{gt g|qkqt p{sg k}sm
|to   LL |g hqg~kqt z{|qt |to  
LL
fflyzlmnrsgisptkzoztz{mnottokjtoNqtitskgmhqkgz{koq
psko|sqkps tqttjpqmsgz{koq
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256

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gormsmh|mm gzgrmmtotoqtkrgg
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}psgkt|qqt$m)5#. zqtkskg
igtkjtm|gmitqgqp65 

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ksgksngqqos| ngzqzksgkrkgnktksjk~kst
zkqgqpzkq}qgrmkmsgs{timgztlmpmps
zgqgjtg|s~qmsmim pstz|s|mstq}ps|gps~pq|sgzqzkkzmsgiskqkosg
ig t CentranthUs sieberi ks to |qtgztngt
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257

Cephalanthera cucullata Boiss. & Heldr.



Orchidaceae
Cephalanthera cucullata Boiss. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1, 13: 12 (1854).
3ys;{{ tqm tgnto=bIM
OIMESIR LNMSITL ,ARRISI RTOQA -AKER AKS CIQC 
 (EKDQEICHc' "/)3 

nrrnf%pipactis cUcUllata"NIRR(EKDQ 7ESSRS


IMRSEQQ"NS: nom illeG
jphpf|t{ok ztjk}oto CL
{g {kt k go{g|k t gskqt g to
v{{g  ~kjszkqh{gg kz|m {ti~tkj |t{g |to  CL tr{m|g i{go|tzqsgq|g
ozksnoltsg g }{{g g |gkqg g|qkqg ps
gsnps ggskqgg|qkqgmptn|mgrgsng
|to CL osnpk zo|stztnkmsg
ozt|qsg {ko|pzpqjsgsnmztojksgstitos
ksk{ zg{g kz|m {ti~tkj   W   LL
Nr{m|g g{g |qtqps jgkps |g {ikqt
tr{m|gk{qt|to LL ozt~k{t|t{t t
zgqg|kkstgztqtiio{pst{thtzkq|{ktskt
iostt kz~k{t |gqjtkj |t{t g|q{m|t k
 kz|k|qs~qtkzqtk|ht{ {|qthqg~
|ps| gh{ |to LLwtn|m{kg
posof{fpmispt
jpsisfrms|spfq~gtokgq~tosto
johpf|{ jqyzol tz| ksjm| kjt m
qm ttzttksgispstgzjg|k|tsto
z{mnotztok}gsltsgtoqk|qtotqksti|tomstogko|qm tsxm{tqkm|g
m|m

jg|qskggzmsC cUcUllata krggtog|qkqto


z{|qto LL |gtokig{kqto|topskz{ps LL psgsnpsm
fflyzlmnr(CephalantheracUcUllata ksgsgzst}omqm{zqm $EKFNQGE  "ATLAMM  AK  t tztt osnp
~mglk|qtoztz{mnotps gps
h{zk+XOQINSAJIR+AKNOIRRIR tzgqk{ns k
{ik st nk t oztz{mnot m k~gs kqmnk
kig{kqt zq~tos t~kg zto oztjk|stos g
mgs|kpmpsz{mnos|gtogqntps
gps to kjto gz ms jk|gkg to  ~q
kqg / zqk zqtznkk zqtgg zqgigtztnm|gs jm t  gz ts ssm g{tzm k
mszkq}qgrmks~qtozto}{trksktkjt|ts
msnmsgtokqt zspgzt~pqgqk
mqmoo~ tks{ipzqtznkkjks}nm|gskkzo~gjt~qtzkq}qgrmstg
~qmtztnm|kigsgtqtnkkts~qtoi|sqpmks|tzgjtlpsmzkqt~|g{gg}o
krg}gsm|gs ms zkqt~ to }gqgiit to thg
|ggkqnm|gst glktsozqp|m zkqkqggztg gskoqnm|gsp{
tsg~gqg|mq|tmktgsgo~
ktzqst|gn| ztot|ggkqnm|gs
tg thqnm|k{|g~k||ttttztt
}kqkjtsnm

systkjt}kgkg{|g{| zkqjm~g{|jm kj}m osnp g k | jm zto gztk{tsg gz jksjqjk zqsto 1UercUs coccifera
}ksjg Acer semperVirens |ozgqg CUpressUs
semperVirens |gzk|g PinUs halepensis RTBRO brUtia
kokqtztozt|{kkgr Lqt
|kqnkkzkqt~ztooi|ksqstos~k|oiqgg
fqrs{}zf4Nkjtksg grst |koj|qt|grk~pqlkgz{gg{{gkjmtoistoCephalanthera krgg ps |t{ps i{go|tzqsps }{{ps
to|gpsgsnpsto ztojksgstitosksk{|g
}qtoshqg~z{|qt t|ttotzttojksrkzkqsg LLtz{mkqt grst |kjtksgm
C epipactoides&ICH-EX mtztgms{{jggzgs k tqsk sto to  igto t ht
t|gzngssjt |gmsq|m kskrgz{skg|ggsgt{|kqgmstoq|gC epipactoides

258

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCephalanthera cUcUllata

tzt|gtgtoksjm|tkjtoCephalanthera cUcUllatagztqtxm{tqkmvp{zqm 



|qt oztz{mnot kzmsnm|gs m jhgm


zkqt~ g{t ||t ps ko|s qps zkqzto 
tg t}gqiimggqzgqgmqkt
t  |g zsp gz ms szt{m ps }g|ps
zgqgmqktt zt{tiltok kzm t
z{mnoztok}gslkgttqtzjtk{|gstm
|m zsp gz t ~pq gqj ~k kzm oztk
mgs| g{{gi k kpm ps gps ts t
~pq totiqg|t m zgq~g k{sto to tt
gspsmCcUcUllata ~kksg~nktzqiqggb|qtgztngg}os jgqmm|gjg~kqmmgzk{tksm~{pqjgcztokztzkkggztktikg|
iqtst|sttgsps
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
krg}sm oztz{mnos |g m ztztmsm kpmtogqntpsgpsmCephalantheracUcUllata
kjmgzkqztoksjmtoqikmgs|zqth{ggmsk{{ts|kzhpmtokjtokpqtk
t}ongzqzksg~gqg|mqnkto{~tsp
sjoskts%. khmms|gmitqtztmmm)5#.
 krggmmgs|gztjospmpsoztz{mnosto |oqpkg}tqispnk
toxm{tqkm|gm|mkqkqtoi|k|qsg
igtkjtz{mqtsgg|qqg"BI II III CIII IU
|g#AI 
mgs|kpmtoz{mnott}gqiito
thg gz t tsgq to ito |t{to ~q t
k||{m| to ssm t jt to thg zngsggt}k{kgtozt{{tkz|zkztotjg~ltos kzkjzt{{}o}tsgs|ts|qkto
tstzgtzz{ts tozkqht{|gqnlps zto

h|kgqgki{gtqksoi|qtggmqm
|gtjmikk~oq}gsksgozkqh|mm gztk{k
sgjgq||sjostigtkjtozkqh|mm ztokrg|t{tonksgo}ggigg|qkqksmsqm
ng zqzk sg ~gqg|mqnk p ki{m zkqhg{{ts|
goszkg
pf ypsff st qzt gztk{kg|
zqtggm Cephalanthera cUcUllata ksgmzqtgg
pshtzpsmzqtggtokjtokkzqto
zkqt~ ztqk sg osjognk k oi|k|qsg qg
zqtggtogzmsozkqh|mm|ggs|gmm
kz|qgtg h{mm g sg ~k kzo~g g tg
zqtznkg ngzqzksgiskkoskqiggktotz|tzgqitsk|g}tqkgzqzk kzm sgk{i~tsgzkqtj|toztz{mnottokjto|gsgk|g
mgztk{kg|mgmin sitUzqtggto{~ts
|ztk nk zto }{trksts |gs gqn }os ng
zqzk sg jgmqtsg o| k sg gzt}kitsg
|gtjosgstgsnqzskkzkhkkkgozqtq~tsggz}ot{qkkkgzhtgs|t
|g{{qikg kjs to isto Cephalanthera jks
ksgk|t{mgk~kksjg}qtsmzqtznkgzkqgg|t zt{{gz{ggt to kjto k sg zqtjtqntstosn|k}qpm|ggszormto
gsi|m {m qps zqtgg ig ms C cUcUllata ksg kzg|| ms zkqzpm zto go jks
{m}ntsk~k|stt~qts|jmg ozq~k
ki{mzngsmgtkjtsgtjmimnkmsz{qmkrg}sm

260

rrlzyplfrzlgpf{l

Cephalaria squamiora
(Sieber) Greuter

o

Dipsacaceae
Cephalaria squamiora (Sieber) Greuter in Candollea 22: 235 (1967).
ys ;{{  t qm t gsps= bIM
QTOIBTRc  Sieber snsozt!7( + ,% 7 75 

bicolor Seseli GUmmiferUm RTBRO crithmifoliUm |g


Anthyllis splendens

nrrnfScabiosa sQUamiora3IEBEQIM&KNQA
 bsQUamaeorac
Cephalaria sieberi3YABIM"NS*AHQB3XRS
 nom illeG sUper
C mediterranea UAQ sieberi 3YAB IM -AS 4EQL
+YKEL 

fqrs{ }zf kqg oiiks |g zngsgg


gst~gkjmk}gsltsgjo|kqg m{k|smm
ktiktoACCHESSAAK mCephalaria balearica
#NRREW7IKKJmgiq|g mC biGaZZii"ACCH QTKKN
'ITRRNmgqjmsg mC ebUsitana/"NKR6IGN
"ACCH QTKKN'ITRRNmszlg|gmC mediterranea
6IU 3YABmsgqjmsgksksgg}ht{mms
tq| h{zk'QETSEQAK 

jphpf| t{ok }o k ro{jm hm mngstsnt}qth{gtpCL gz{tjg|{gjst v{{g {zs hgnozqsg ptkj {ti~tkj
pgs{ti~tkj o~s|o|{|gsksgskgq  
W  CL jkqgjm khmkstksmksgskoj|qt~t zkqnqgg|qgg tjtspzgsp
k{g}q{oqtkj tjskpqps}{{ps~h{k}gqjpt k}{t ptkj ~kjs }gq| q|g
zkqh{gt |k}g{to ptkj   W   LL k zkst q~pg |g trkg |tqo} zg gsn|t j|to
gsptkj {ti~tkj  W LL khqgsjm{o|g|ozk{tkjk}smtosnto{ko|p|qsm
 ~j |to LLzt|g{|tkipsk 
LL|gms|gqzt}tqg ksghqg~tjsgk|nk
ipsg|gsghqg~kqttjsgkgrpsipss
posof{fpmn-NMSLNKKIM
hgstko{|gzgko|qmmqm 

ffl yzlmnr t SAWNM go gs isp


jmgzzg{ggko|qmmqm3IEBEQ
4TQQIKK $AUIR 'QETSEQB 4TQKAMD
ztoozq~tosto{~tsjtoztz{mnotggskqgggtovgqgiitmggq {ks
ps tqps to ns|t q|to sg oztz{mno
k|kskg |g |t gq|ks k|gtsjps qps
togztto|qmstgztqtq}tjp
g|gg|qo}ghq~gmg||{gms|t{jgto
stk{to kst{{tk|kskggztqtk{sgtigto{~tsJLsttgsgt{| ksgkqt
z{kig |qmss zto ozq~tos k|gtsjk qps gps |g zt{oqng }o jg}qps kikns
ikitsztooztjm{skgjt|sm{|s|gg
g|| kzo~msm gsgzgqgipi "ACCHESSA  AK
 gsg}qtos jkigg gz g ``,EFJA /QI -AUQIaa

jpsisfrms|spft{tpitot
johpf|{jqyzolsjm|mzkqt~toigto ztoksgispgzrstogtqg ms
t ms|gqg mstqi msqzgntqtg{sm |gmsqmko|qm 
syszt|{k|~g}otpsghkt{n|s
|qmss zto k}gslkg k okqt  
Lmsqm  Lmsqzgnt  L
mt pLgtqg|gzkqztoLms
tqiwostj msqmztqksgk}gsltsg
gkjm
ksjm |
Anthemis samariensis Athamanta
macedonica
BUpleUrUm kakiskalae
CampanUla jacQUinii
*CentaUrea arGentea RTBRO macrothysana
DianthUs
jUniperinUs RTBRO jUniperinUs
'aliUm frUticosUm
HellenocarUm mUltiorUm
,omelosia albocincta
Odontites linkii RTBROcreticUs|g
Onobrychis sphaciotica
msqzgntztqksgosozq~kkgkjmBrassica
creticaRTBROaeGaea CampanUla carpatha HelichrysUm
orientale InUla heterolepis ,inUm arboreUm Pimpinella
pretenderis |g Seseli GUmmiferUm RTBRO crithmifoliUm
ks ms tqi k g kjm *acobaea maritima RTBRO

261

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCephalaria sQUamiora

s |g ozq~tos to{~ts jt qm t z{kig


psko|sqpszto}qtostoi|k|qststg
mgsg}tqzqt}gsosjkgktqtgqm zkqztoJL"!toqtok{sgt
ms qzgnt ksg isp sg z{mno t
qtg{sm4TQQIKK 2ECHIMGEQA $AUIR
 'QETSEQB 'QETSEQAK gqgmqnm|kgztsoiiqg}gtszq{ttomhtqktjo|z{koqtoqto ksgs|qms|pgzms
|tqo} g tqg ~tos gsg}kqnk kq oztz{mnot tstomsto+ALAQIAK 
ms8t~khqknksgstz{mnogzto
33MNGEQTO|g"3MNGEQTOtstto k|qmst k hqkg |nkm m hqkg z{koq to qto
k{msgt zspgzt|3MNGEQTOAK 
ms tqi t kjt o{{~nm|k gz ts 0 $AUIR
ts |hqt to  k g ki{m ghkt{n|
|qmsjm z{gi gsgt{| to goqt kgr m
gi|jg|gtoq|k{to$AUIRzgqgqmk``zt{
zst stsg}ohqnm|kzkggzzgqgkgsm
qkosgaa4TQQIKK 
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-ANQ ts itot to  k g gz|qmsm z{gi m sg g| 4TQQIKK  2ECHIMGEQ A

'QETSEQ   ost{| z{mno m Cephalaria


sQUamioraztok}gslkg|ggrsm osgg ~kjs k hkhgmg gz zkqkqg ps 
pqps gps |g m zkqt~ zto |gg{ghstos ksgzngsskig{kqmgzJL kszgqgmqnm|k
kqmosk~kpmg|qgkjg|oskts
gqnpsqpsgps
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
{g g tg gsgztsg k zt{ gzqto htzto |gg|qo}t ghkt{n|t |qmst ikits
ztozgq~ksgsom{hgnzqtgggzglg
ztoh|tos|ggzmsgsnqzsmjqgmqmgghgststoozmto~gm{tkzzjtogzk{|gm
jttoz{mnotzqtkskg }psgkms)5#.
 m|gmitqg~kjszk{tkst 
pf ypsff jtoztz{mnotmsqm
k}gsltsgkspstqpstons|tq|toto
vgqgiitmggqtsvo|ztto#HEKREA
ttsjst |g{{kqitsg}ogottokjto zto
~toszqt{nkgzmsqzgnt

t ksjm| oztkjt Cephalaria sQUamiora


RTBROsQUamiora gko|qmmqmvp*"IEMUEMT 

262

-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

54

Cerastium dominici Favarger

Caryophyllaceae
Cerastium dominici Favarger in Bull. Soc. Neuchteloise Sci. Nat., 99: 82 (1976).
3ys ;toq|g -TKA= bIM ,XCIA IM LNMSE 'Y 4EOE
L IMGKAQIR RNKNNOHINKISICNc  - Tissot-DaGUette{ozt.%5 
jphpf| tstk zg jg|{gjsm gz ms
hm tozkqzto  CL khgnzqst~qg gm{kqk jg|{gjk gstqntksk |gg{itok k kzgsk{msp j~tt| grgsnk {k~t }{{g |g krpkq| kz}skg ps kz{ps k
zt{oqnk gjksjk q~k k |ggspz |k}{g
v{{ghmgsptkj zgto{tkj kstksggjg|k~t gskqg}{{gksgs{ti~tkjp
{ti~tkj kgztqtiio{pskgzt{rkzg{g
|to LL gh{g kog{jm khqgsjmzkqnqg|gjm~qmg{g {ko| gs|gqjtkj
|tozkqzto  LL ~kjsjz{gpskz{ps j{thg~qzkqztotto|tototsk sgg|tozkqztoLL gsnqk|to
 LL {t  |to zkqzto  LL ptn|m {kg
g{kg |o{sjq| kk{g}q|gzksmgz{mrm
|to LL zkqztojz{gto|{o|g tjsk
 |to    LL qntkqk}ksg|qzkjgzqgg|ggs zksg |o|{|psk}qtkj
|to  LL k}og
posof{fpm2n n &AUAQGEQ
B 

fflyzlmnrkig{kqtz{mnoto
CerastiUm dominici~mglkg{pqjggqgsgps
z{tozkqztoL|g|tozkqztoLzgq{{m{gkgz{koqjqto ztotozq~gs{ikqggztgjkkqtz{mnokstzlkg
kg|qzkqt~zkqztoL2|ggqnkzkqzto
tgqmmto kqkqknkp
gsg|g{o}ntst{{ts g{{|gngq|kthtgs|t~toskz|k}nkmszkqt~~pqsghqtostkjt ositokgongzqzkngksgzst
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
4N kjt ~gqg|mqlkg p qp 65 }psg k
|gmitqk kz|sjosmg m )5#.  
krggto|qtkintotoz{mnotto g{{
|gm|qjgnkmgto|g{{m{tohtzto
|qqt $  4t oi|k|qst kjt ng ztqtk sg
g{{rkkzzkjtkz|sjosmgtzt{kii{{ts
ksgkst g qp sjosktsg #2 g|m
|ggrg}gsnsgkjm%8 mjto |gntkig{kqtgztojtisptoztz{mnotto
hq|kg jz{g k sgs jqt k go m nm |sjoskkgztzttjztk|ggqt}|ikits zpg
sgjstrmjgz{osmtojqtojtoztz{mnotmjtogztk{tstgztoost{|
isptoztz{mnottokjtozgi|tp
pf ypsff g zqzk sg {m}nts kg -

jpsis frms|spf {t gqto p |g ts


zq{t
johpf|{ jqyzol gqg|mq| kjt ps
ozkqhg|skjg}shqkgto~pqtkqgmjto|gmtoq|gCF#AQKRSQL ms{{jgispstgzjtnkmjto ztokstzltsghtqktjo|to~pqtkqg tjqtzqt
mstsqgm
sys k{{ms| nk to CerastiUm dominici
gsg|g{}nm|gs k {kz|t|||t kjg}| o{|
ozkqhg| zqt{kom g gz go hq|kg
gst| z{koq jqto ks m {{m k sg |q
gs~pggtjtk}gsltsgkokqtzkqzto
 L 4N kjt }kg |gkzgqst k zt{ gqg
h{mm glkkgkjmzpgBUpleUrUm Gracile
TrifoliUm stellatUm Silene salamandra Aethionema
arabicUm RUmex bUcephalophorUs Cleome iberica Acinos
rotUndifoliUs|gPhleUm exaratUmRTBROaeGaeUm
fqrs{}zf}psgkts&AUAQGEQA
tkjtoiikskkktC fraGillimUm"NIRR



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoCerastiUm dominici ms{{jg

qg|gqsgigtooztz{mnottokjto
zkqt~ zto k}gslkg k sg ~tos jgkqm
zqtgg|g}qtsjg|gmjq|kgzngsstj|sqipszkqt~mjtozto|gg{ghskg
gz ozkqhg| zkqgg ng zqzk sg ~k kj|s
qps zqtgg to zkqh{{ts m g}t }{t-

rkskkzz{ts{{gksjm|oztksjm|}o|kjm
zpgSilene salamandra Anthemis rhodensis|gArenaria rhodia

tCerastiUm dominicigzmsnmto~pqtkqgmsjtvp5$NXKE 



,HBG@DJ1HQRMU LCPD@Q*JDHLQRDSADP
4JPHID#MWJD

Cerastium illyricum Ard.


subsp. crinitum (Lonsing) P. D. Sell & Whitehead

54

Caryophyllaceae
Cerastium illyricum Ard. subsp. crinitum (Lonsing) P. D. Sell & Whitehead in Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni
Veg. 69: 16 (1964).
3ys;{{3S% tp{tg|gqsgsg=b2NLUN
IMS9ORIKI+NQXc AKSL *TK -aire &
Petitm {ozt75 (AKozt7 
nrrnfCerastiUm crinitUm,NMRIMGIM2EOEQS3OEC
.NU2EGMI6EG 
jphpf| kzt}o kt }o to   CL
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{gt |g ztj|t gsnps k q~pm g}ksm
v{{g |to p  LL zgto{tkj p k{{kz| k g{g| q~pg |g jt kz}sk to
grgsng j~tt| jg|{gjsm ztj|t k{g}q
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ki|{zpm h{k}gqjphktogg}
g|qkqm ps kz{ps k tjsk |to  LL zkqzto zqgg ptkj p sk}qtkj |ggs p
|ggsqonqg |g{osgkgh{kknm{ |tozkqzto LL
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jpsisfrms|spfzt{tzq{topt
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gz ms k}g{ts ms ko|jg |g ms q|oqg ks


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h{gt |g ps ztj|ps ps g|qs zg{ps ps
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gsg}tq ps -AIQE  0ESISLEMGIM  ksg g|qhk |g gszqtpzktos oztz{mnot zto osk~ltossgkzhstostoztz{mnotgsg|g{}nm|gs
kggzgm   JLgjo|toz{mnot
mtshtoz{ktsmgpsispsoztz{mnos gztk{tsg gz k|gtsjk g|m |g ~{jktg ksmzo|smgps}osktqsk
nkzgqgmqnm|ksggsq~kgg tggs
m2tz|krz{pmtooztkjtokrgqggzt

sys t CerastiUm illyricUm RTBRO crinitUm


k}gslkg |oqp k zkqjk |g hqg~jk nk
|gn kzm k ~g{|jk kz|{sk z{gi |g
qk qt gst| |g m{{tok zkqt~
kr}pgro{jtoh{mm|gkgst|nk
}qoispsstzlkgkokqt L o~s
glk|tstnsto zpgkjm1UercUs coccifera
Phlomis frUticosa Phillyrea latifolia | ms zkqt~
zto o{{~nm|k ig zqm }tq t oi|k|qst
oztkjt }kg gl k t zst tz| ksjm|
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oztz{mnot to k}gsltsg gl k ms kzm
zsgDaphne sericea
fqrs{ }zf t CerastiUm illyricUm ksg zt|{tq}tkjt ttzttjg|qskgkqgoztkjmt
RTBRObrachiatUm ,NMRIMG *AKAR tRTBROcrinitUm |g
t RTBRO illyricUm krz{pm to zqto oztkjto
kstzlkgmsk{tzssmt|gstototsto
k}g{ts|g|osnttRTBROillyricUmksgisp

265

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|toztkjtoCerastiUm illyricUm
RTBROcrinitUm

tksjm|oztkjtCerastiUm illyricUm
RTBROcrinitUmgzg|gqsgs|qm
vp+gqgz{sm 

266

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kjttozkqgtgqgmqgkoztz{mnot
zto}tsgkqikk}gsltos|qkqmzo|smg
 tggsL2 oi|q|koztz{mnotzto
}tsgkghkt{n|kj}m tggsL2 
g}oztogsg|g{}nm|gsmtshto |tstkqkzpst~pqqsg|g ksg{ikqg k
m zo|smg z{mnot g   tg gs L2 ks
~tok{kztqkk~k|ktsgqnpsgps
tooztkjtozto}tsgtqtztt |gn
|gto|sjstoztozngssggskpzltos
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
oztz{mno ts tztt mq~nm|k m zkqiqg} to
oztkjto |ts m ts hto |sjoskk ks qk
krgg k~s|s giqt|s kqigs zto zqgigtzttsgg|ggmtsg}ozto}tsgt
tqtzjthj |tsmtshto o}gsgzkm
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sg gqn zkqps jgmqkg |g ksg |gs sg
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jksksgg}
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m)5#. krggmzkqtqsmkrz{p

to|gm|gg|kqgsm}mpsoztz{mnos
to t C illyricUm RTBRO crinitUm ksg tstk }o
|g t gqn ps gps to ztqk sg kgh{{kg
|nktzgqitsktotz|t|qt|{gt|g
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khmkzzkzgqgmqkgg|gqsgs|
qmgm|g k|tkz{mqtsgg
|qqg "A CIU A CIU |g $ m )5#. ig ms |ggrmtooztkjtoms|gmitqgpsqps65 
pfypsff4NCerastiUm illyricUmRTBROcrinitUmgsispigzkqzto~qsgstgzgq~| o{{ti gsg|{o to  z{gi to
qto ztto g to tqkst oi|qtgt
ps |gqsgs|s qps jmtknm|k gz to 6KACHNR  AK   zq}gm qkosg g |gqsgs|
qmgsg|{okstooztz{mnot ttzttjstos
k{zjktoztkjtjksgskpzlkkt|sjost
krg}smt}o|tozkqh{{ts
qg zqtgg ng ztqtgs sg {m}nts ig
tqstooztz{mnotto}ot jgkqgkgotztoksg|tstsqsg|g|gtstqtkstokmsksmqpmpsgiqts|gps|gt|psps
iqpzkqt~s ksgispqltossgzt{zst
oztkjt}kgzkqt~ztoztqksgkz|ztsgiggiqt|tokqigkgskr{ki|m~qm
llgst|spsjksksjk|sog ksmzgh|mmhtmn m jgqmm zkqpjs gstips zto gztk{ts
htztotooi|k|qstooztkjto|ggqmm
psgpstqspsoztz{mnoskjgjt~|m
ng jk jkjtsg ig zngs ki{k gortkk
togqntps}os ztongztqtgsjosm|sg
gzk{tostsz{mno
k |tz ms krg}{m m gzq|tzm jgqmm to oztkjto zqtkskg kzm m ex sitU |g{{qiktoktgs|tzto|gn|gm}{grm
pszkqpstokzkqkqkmgqzklg
ksk|t{|t

267

js|rlfpfyzrl
js|rlorfrril

Cerastium runemarkii Mschl & Rech. f.

54

Caryophyllaceae
Cerastium runemarkiiMschl & Rech. f. in sterr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. Anz. 1962: 231 (1962).
ys ;{{ +IJ o|{jk t rt= b.AWNR
+NQNMNR/QNRc L -AX RUnemark & SnoGerUp {ozt,$ 
nrrnf CerastiUm coronense 2TMEL IM "NS .NS
   ;MNM 3CHTQ IM 6EQH .ASTQF 6EQEIMER
"QMM  =
jphpf| vo zt{ok q~p zto ~mglk
gqgojkmgsnt}qth{gthqg~k |gg|kkst gsnt}qth{gt|to CL gskq~kstp~kjsqntv{{g W  LL gsptkjpz{ggs{ti~tkjsnmtsqmms|tqo}
psgsnt}qpsh{gsg~{kps}{{ps
zg{g|to LL {ti~tkj tro|qo}gphqg~p g|jp g{g {ko| |to   LL ks
gsptkj j~j p t  to |to to g
|to zkqzto  LL |o{sjq| konkg zqgg
  LL kgh{g}og
posof{fpmn3SQID 
jpsisfrms|spft tst
johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| kjt m {{jg
rgz{skg g qm qpst m rto |g ~m m
htg

to ksg g Anthemis wiedemanniana AnthoxanthUm


odoratUmRTBROodoratUm Armeria canescens CerastiUm
comatUm %rica manipUliora 'aliUm amorGinUm
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-oenchia Graeca -yosotis incrassata PhleUm exaratUm
RTBROexaratUm Poa pelasGis RanUncUlUs thasiUs SedUm
amplexicaUle RTBRO tenUifoliUm Scilla andria SaxifraGa
carpetana RTBRO Graeca ScleranthUs perennis VUlpia
myUros |
fqrs{}zf4NCerastiUm rUnemarkiigs|k oz
koqkgssstg mszt|{tq}mtjgpsC alpinUm
, C arcticUm ,AMGE mtztg~gqg|mqlkggzj|op kr{rm jm{gj zqtkq~ksm p kq ohqjs|gzt{oz{tkjt"QXRSIMG"NQGEM g
tsgj|jz{tkj{mgomzt{oz{tkjttjgksggC rUnemarkii C theophrasti-EQWL3SQID
ksjm|to{zto3SQID |gC eriophorUmk
krz{pmgqmpsg{|gsps ggqzng|g
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fflyzlmnrtCerastiUm rUnemarkii~mglkjtjg|qt gzttspstokgrtoz{mnotkig{kqtz{mnohq|kgtqt
~mmghtg gqnkzkqzto tg |g |gg{ghsk |gm |qkqm gz   JL2

sys t CerastiUm rUnemarkii gsgzkg k


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p hgn gjk qg trmg 2 }psg k
ts "HKIMG  ~k| ist qg z{tt k
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C rUnemarkii zkq{ghstsg g ClinopodiUm VUlGare
Silene compacta SolidaGo VirGaUrea TaxUs baccata |
o g ~{pqj| t~kg zqzk sg gs zt |ts
mszkqt~toigto|gmjq|kgpshqt~kqs
zkqjps to {kt|gsto zto gst~ts
zgikjk zkqjto m qkg oqzm mkqs
krz{p to ng zqzk sg nkpqkg ozt{kg|t
~gqg|qg 2TMELAQJ    {{g }o| SAWA
ztoostjktostC rUnemarkiizkqt~krz{p

268

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCerastiUm rUnemarkii

z{mnotqtqpstmrtoksgmgs|
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m p g tg to CerastiUm rUnemarkii }gskg


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)5#.  t kjt ~gqg|mqlkg p qp 65
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zkqt~krz{pmtoCerastiUm rUnemarkiihq|tsg
g|q gz ksg| gsnqzsk jqgmqmk kstsg mgs| to zngst k{{ts|t |sjsto
igtoz{mnottop ksqikkzpm|gg|kogt{|szq|ps gnsgsgkjtmgt
m{kz|tspsk |g qgp|s ki|ggkps zto
ksgjqgmqmkohgkmikptq}t{tigps
zkqt~s krz{pm to kjto ng ztqtgs sg tjmitoskmgs|kpmg|m|gkrg}smps
z{mnosto
g}o|kjmztogsgztsggqmpssmstoigtongzqzksgnkpqtsgkrgqk|
kognmg |{g| g{{gi o g kjm jks
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oiqthtztormmmrmqggmszkqt~
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pfypsffkzjqgmmh|mmtohtztotokjto~qklkgsgk{kmnkzkqgg|
ksg|ggstmnkgs~knk|gqsm|kzzpm
toz{mnottoCerastiUm rUnemarkii (ki|ggm |qg|s oztjts |kqgs gsgkjtm |g
iks|kqgm|gg|koqips|tqo}pstqps
ps sps to igto ng zqzk sg iskg k gz
zt{ zqtk|| kzzg k{m k sg ms h{ztsg t z{mnot ps zsps }o|s kjs z{mnottoC rUnemarkii~qkltsg kzz{ts zkqtj|
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grtmkptgzqggtokjtozgqtoltos
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qi|g |gk|gqzt}tqgkzsp }pi|gqm gztqt
~mmhtg



Chaerophyllum creticum Boiss. & Heldr.

54

Umbelliferae
Chaerophyllum creticum Boiss. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 10: 51 (1849).
ys ;{{  t qm t gsps= bIM
OKAMISIE /LAKN LNMSITL 3OHACINSICNQTL AKS c
-AX  Heldreich sn {ozt ' "/)3 )ozt
"- 
jphpf|t{okq~pzg gsgzoksmgz
sg kqpt ozikt g {gt qnt jg|{gjlkst topCLv{{ghm|gh{gtk
~tp~q q~p kkoq|t{kmshm {gg
 zkqtkj ~stjk gzt{m|| gg ks k{{kz|  W  LLgrgsngg|qgt|jtjgqtopCL g|skp |to~q CL
hq|g|ghqg|jg|qstzqsg osnp{ti~tkj kstkzkqt~j osnpk|ztthgnkhqgsjm {kg jgmqtksg|gms|gqzt}tqg |tqo}
tr{m|msnm|qsg tstiks qqksg|gn{kgsnm
k}gslksgtjt|jtg{ggsptkj   
LL |tqo} k ki|tz snqk   LL o{tzjt
|tqostkj z{to   LL |g ms snmm jti|tkstkmsitstztmmgqzjg~lt|qzg
qng iqgtkj konoksk|q|{m   CL
W  LL
posof{fpmispt
jpsisfrms|spfzq{tpt{t |gqzt}tqggztstptst{t

sghqkkz{gitoqtok{sgt{kt
nkgko|qm |gsgttqtzjtmjg
tsxm{tqkmoiiqg}gtoqnqtozgqgqmk
kq|tgttqtzjttog{tzq{to
 g tztg gsgztsgs gskg k nsto
Berberis cretica sg tt htzt ksg jgkqg
|ts t tqtzjt |g ksg zngs t oztz{mno
go sg gqnk kq| k|gtsjk tg p
|g m jq|kg g kz|km ms jg zkqt~ ts
t{tto|gzgqmskztsmgsglmmkg
zkq}qgism |gm zto jks kh|kt t oiiqg}g
jks hq|k |ztt tt to kjto zm t kjt
|ggiq}m|k gz ts oiiqg}g  to{to 
TUrland  "- p``o~saatzqggmtq
zto gsgzogs gskg k zo|st ~gm{t
nsto B cretica g{{ k gz kzgsk{msm
gsglmm ts t{t to  jks |gm josg sg
hqknktksgttkgqmkz|kmtstst
tozgqgmqnm|gsto{~tstg gzg
tztggskgsnt}tqg to{~tsk~gsk{~m
ht|msg gz zqhgg ks {{g  zkqzto k~gs
st}{{g
{{t jt oztz{mnot gs ispt ts
oiiqg}g gs iqgk t gst~t qnqt to
ChaerophyllUm creticUmigtqitThe Red Data Book of
Rare and Threatened Plants of 'reece0HISNRAK
|g g jkjtsg zto zgqgntsg kj mqltsg k
jkiggtotgs|ttoktotokqt{sto" 

johpf|{jqyzolsjm|psko|sqps
|gtoxm{tqkmms|gqm gst~p
sys t kjt gsgzkg k hgn zm{jk
jg}t k ghkt{n| qm k ozt{kgg jto
gskg k nsto Berberis k g|gsnjm zqt|k}g{tq}mh{mmk~g{|jknk kokqt
  L qklkg ms zqtgg g|gsnpjs
nsps |oqpBerberis cretica jg}tqk||ggsg{skggzggitzqhggskggkjmztoosozq~tos zkq{ghskg t PteridiUm aQUilinUm |gn
|g tqsg zto ht|tsg gz g lg zp g ClinopodiUm VUlGare Dactylis Glomerata 'aliUm aparine
,amiUm GarGanicUm RTBRO striatUm ,athyrUs laxiorUs
Silene VUlGaris|gVicia tenUifolia
fqrs{}zft{{igksgispiggrst|~ktoChaerophyllUm creticUm |ggzgkg
zkqgqpqkosgkm~qmtqg|sknjps
ffl yzlmnr kq oztz{mnot
ksg ispt sg ms zkqt~ gz zto t kjt
zkqiq}m|kmszkjjgtog{t sgtzqgg
mtqkgrtog{t|gtoqtok{sgt

270

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoChaerophyllUm creticUm

oztz{mno t hqkt g to qto k{sgt


hqnm|kgzts2*AHMto{to kjg}t
k g|gsnjm zqt|k}g{tq}m h{mm ks t
z{mnomjghqnm|ktostogz
ts * (AGEQ k ozkqht|msg ozt{kgg jto
k ~g{|jk jg}t k g|gsnjm zqt|k}g{tq}m
h{mmtststtotoiiqg}gkqksmk
zqtk|| g ht|msm zkqt~ gqgt jto k
CrataeGUs monoGyna|gzo|sojkBerberis cretica
|tstst|qttotqtzkjtomjg ~pqsg
hqktzttjztkttChaerophyllUm g|m|gg
knstoBerberisztojkskzj~tsgsjkjom
g jkrtj| gztmm ps isps oztz{mnos|qskggzgqgmmzqsozt{tinktost{|
gqn ps gps to z{mnot t tztt ztqk
g} sg gqnk {ikqg ps  pqps gps
ost{|zkqt~ztotz{mno|gg{ghskjks
ozkqhgskgJL2mk}sm}os|gmjq|kg tqsps ks oztjk|sk kk ozq~tos
g|qgk kght{ ts gqn ps ksm{|ps gps
kkmqkosg~kjkrg~nkk{gsngsmnm
rinrs {f }fpf{lp jy{rinrlf t
ChaerophyllUm creticUmksgjgkqgkikotggitzqhgg ksjksjgnk|ztg}o|gotzqtgg
gzmsh|mmtikitsgo~kpgzt{kg
sgmsztqksggsgzo~nkg|qgzmszqtgg
g|gsnpjsnsps{ttisptoztz{mnotto

kjtohq|tsgkzkqt~k|mstqt}g|gmozkqh|mm gztk{k g}g{ ts mgs|kqt |sjost


igmskzhptoo{{tigzhtgs|tztqk
kzmsggztk{k|sjostigto|qtoztz{mnot|gmitqgqp65 zqtkskgigtkjt)5#. jkjtstoz{mqtsgg|qqg
"A BII III IU U CIU A BII III IU U CIU #AI |g$ 
pf ypsff g zqzk sg zqgigtztmnts
qkosk k htzto zgqtto k got to
tztto }kg t ChaerophyllUm creticUm ~ st
gko|qm g{{k{kzkqt~psom{s
tqpsmqmzgqrmtokjtotsxm{tqkm
zqgs ps ko|s qps zto knkpqkt ig zt{
|gqtz|ksjm |oztjk|skksgjosgssg
hqknk |g g{{t zkqt~ ps oztz{mnos ng
ztqtgs zkqgg| sg zkq}qg~nts zqt|ksto
sggzt|{knkmh|mmpslpszkq}qgisk
nk ng ztqtgs sg k{kmnts kz kq ks
ksgjgzpnktztgjztkzngskrz{pmto
ChaerophyllUm k|mzqtggpsnspsBerberis
|gn|gtkzjqktoksjk~kstogsgipst
gzmsgszormjgskAcer semperVirens 1UercUs
coccifera |g ZelkoVa abelicea oztz{mno to
tqtzkjto to g{t ng zqzk sg zqtgkonk gz
mszngskzgsg}tq|gkz|gmm|g{{qikg

tksjm|kjtChaerophyllUm creticUmgzgko|qmm
qmvp4TQKAMD 

271

-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

Cicuta virosa L.

54

Umbelliferae
Cicuta virosa L, Sp. Pl. 1: 255 (1753).
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&K4TQJEX%!EGEAM)R b(ABISASIMOAKTDIBTR
%TQNOAE RSEQIKIBTRc Amman sn (EQB ,IMM no 
,).. 
nrrnfCicUta nipponica&QAMCHESIM"TKK3NC"NS
&QAMCE 
CicUtaria aQUatica,ALAQCJIM&K&QAM,ALAQCJ 
 
jphpf| t{ok ztjk kqpt }o to
 Llpgptkjhqg~|o{sjq| |t{t kjg}qigg{gt{kt jg|{gjlkst jti|pst
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kgz{koqkzzkjm|goz{tzkqtiio{ksk
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+0EQRRNM 



Colchicum burttiiMeikle

o

Colchicaceae
Colchicum burttiiMeikle in Bot. Mag. 181: 134, t. 735 (1977).
3ys ;toq|g= bAMAJJAKE BESVEEM %CEABAS AMD
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281

*@PHL/DPQQML

Colchicum chimonanthum K. Perss.

54

Colchicaceae
Colchicum chimonanthumK. Perss. in Pl. Syst. Evol. 217: 56 (1999).
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sg }kg gl k ColchicUm chalcedonicUm BelleValia
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fqrs{ }zf 4t ms {{jg t |g
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tqsg kjm m m sgt{ z~ g C fascicUlare
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posof{ fpm n   0EQRRNM 


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282

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kzm ts ~ksg  zt{ spq ms strm g{{ jks


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+ 0EQRR ks ts jt koqkqt |{jt gs|tos g C
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gz ms zgsg ~q t qs |g C minUtUm + 0EQRR
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tColchicUm chimonanthUmgz|g{{kqimsto{|mzkqt~ktqq~m tkqqsvp*0EQRRNM 



Colchicum euboeum (Boiss.) K. Perss.

o

Colchicaceae
Colchicum euboeum(Boiss.) K. Perss. in Candollea 53: 400 (1998).
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systColchicUm eUboeUmgsgzkgkhqg~jkz{gi k~|g|gq||t{mkhq~ps kgst|nkzgskqgtsozqt}tgqgsojpsAbies cephalonica kokqt 
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m gszorm to t|ttoqt ms zkqt~ gztk{ts
sgsksjosk|sjostigtoz{mnottokjto
khmms|gmitqtztmmm)5#. tC eUboeUm~gqg|mqlkgp~kjszk{tkst j
kstost{|gqnpsgpstokjtojksksgki{t zqttzgqsjks}gskgsgoz|kgk
|ztgkmgzk{oi|k|qsm|gmitqg|sjsto
~qklkgkzgsgrt{immt{{ts
pfypsfftog|zqtgg|gjgqmmpstqksszkqt~smhtgngk~kkokqik| kzjqgm to jt oztz{mnot to ColchicUm eUboeUm zgqg|t{tnmm ps z{mnos |g m
zkqtj||ggqmmpsgpsksgk|t{tsgisk
gstkjthq|kgkgsnt}tqgrggpsk{|o|sgsnpsto tC eUboeUm~k|g{{pz|grg
|gngztqtkk|t{gsg|g{{kqimnkktgs|t
zto
frfhlph{f

tksjm|kjtColchicUm eUboeUmgztqtq}omhtg |gmjq|kgmgsnt}tqgvpqi|g 

285

Colchicum lingulatum Boiss. & Spruner


subsp. lingulatum

o

Colchicaceae
Colchicum lingulatum Boiss. & Spruner in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 5: 66 (1844) subsp. lingulatum.
ys ;{{ 3S% kqk {{ t |=
b-NMR0AQMER!SSICAE -Ac ;CF"NIRRIEQKCbUEQE
FQTCSIFEQTLCTLALICIRRSprUnerKEGIc={ozt
' "/)3)ozt' 

tskzhqt~qgq~to|phqtogqg
}{{g|gt|gqztk}gsltsggztsqt~q
tstst ksrmq}{{gzgqgstoszspt}o
~qmskzksmgsnt}tqg

jphpf| t{ok ht{hqqlt kjt t{h k{{kz| ptkj p ptkj    W      CL


~sk jkqgjk |{mqt k zt{{ qgg t
krpkq|thgnpkqonqt|gstp|ggsgoqt
t kpkq|t kqonqt|gst p hgnp kqonqt|gst jmtoqitsk{g|to   CL k
t|g}o{{tiks||g{ozkstv{{g   kstk
k kzzqnkg|qkqg|gkskqg okqsng
qng gzt|{stsg jgkps       W  
   CL kz|m k k{g}q go{|pm p ~kjs
kzzkjg ~kjs gh{g p gztqtiio{psg ms
gz{mrm kstk oskqgsg ~kjs i{go|tzqsg
phgnpzqsg |qzkjgiks||og k}gs~sjqsg {kgsnm   p{sgzkqgsnto
g|qgt g|qkqtto|gg}{{to|g     
CL {ko|pz tqsk }tq k gzt~qk ztq}oq jk t gskqt g gz{mrm osnp ks~tgstkj gg|to   CL ztojg}qtos|g   LLk|tkstojtosnto
z{to      LL iqgtkj p ks
kz|m gs{ti~tkj ~kjs trg p gh{g g~s
ztq}oq jm p ztq}oq jm k ~pq j|pm g~skqto~qgtmhm|gmsq~m kg
{ko|kgggsg~kjsk{tt|tmgskqmkz}skgo{g|kmsps{kkkgqg
}og krpkq|ttsk|to LL kpkq|t LL kgjtztsjo{ggsgzqt}tsg
k k}gs rk~pq kzzkjg sgg {kg {ko| k
{ko|ozt|qsm k{g}qjti|tksmhm gsnqk
tqsk}tq|gzkst |to   LL |qst kstki{go|t|qst ioqk|t||t|qstzgsp
i{go|t|qst {tk{g}qpk}gsg|qkqt ps msps {ko|pzt k k{g}q jti|tksm
gz{mrm konokskpgi|qtkjkk{g}q|gzkst igg|gkq~ksg|g  LLk
tkzzkjttokj}to jgkps W   CL
kz|kpkz|k ptkjkpk{{kz| o~s
kgzt~qkztq}oqt kqonqt kgh{kggz{mrm
pk{g}qg~mqzqggksg|qki{t
ozt|qst {ko|zqtqmg

johpf|{ jqyzol%sjm|oztkjtm{{jgzstmskqk{{jgtt||g
tpg |gmshtg
sys st| nk k ~k| ozthgnsg
}qigsgknstoSarcopoteriUm|gjzgqg'enista acanthoclada CistUs salViifoliUs %rica manipUliora
ArbUtUs Unedo|g&Umana thymifolia osnpk{kz
zt{ zkqjk qg kj}to zm k gstigg
jgsAbies cephalonica zk|ps kj}tqgoztqgg o~s m ghkt{n| zp k ~{nto
kqzkssk kgr|gL
gkqzkss|kj}m}kgsg|qgqn
kjs ColchicUm zp z~ g C VarieGatUm 
mzkqp| {{jg o|{jk st  igto 
toq|g C linGUlatUm RTBRO riGescens  toq|g
C chalcedonicUm RTBRO chalcedonicUm  {{jg
 toq|g |g C confUsUm mzkqp| {{jg  t
C linGUlatUm RTBRO linGUlatUm kzm zgqgmqkg
gq|ko~skzgqtgkj}m |gn|gk{{gm
ghkt{n|oztqgg kszgskqg}kgk
ghk{nto

posof{ fpm n   0EQRRNM 


hgst k o{| gz {k zkqt~ krz{pm
toSAWNM
jpsisfrms|spfsnmzqgigtztkgzqs
gzms|}omps}{{psgzgqitsitot

286

kpiqg}| krz{pm to ksjm|t oztkjto ColchicUm


linGUlatUm RTBROlinGUlatUm

fqrs{ }zf 4N ColchicUm chalcedonicUm !YM


~k|g|gqtkspgpnktC linGUlatUm4gjt
kjm ~tos |gnkqpnk p jg}tqk| gz ts "AXSNO
 gs|gt~gqg|qkzto~qmtztnm|gsig
tC linGUlatUmzqtq~tsggztoq||tz{mnot
zto qg gsgispqltsg p sg jgkqt oztkjt
0EQRRNM tC linGUlatUm|gtC chalcedonicUm
ksg k}gs zt{ oiiks k |ztk ttmk
t|t{ti| zqtk |g to tq}t{ti|t
~gqg|qk zp z~ g iks| ~gqg|mq| to
ht{ht ps ~sps |g ps }{{ps |gn |g m
nmzqtqmmpsmsps|pgzt}qoiig
to zkqgsnto g}qtos g ~k| |m t {g
ps ~sps t |g}o{{t |g t p{sg to snto
ksgo~sg|qkqttC linGUlatUmgztC
chalcedonicUm RRSQ t~qgps}{{pskiks|
iqg zkqkqt zqst t C linGUlatUm ts
gqnpsgsnpsosnp tC chalcedonicUm
p kq|}tqzkqkqg tC linGUlatUm t
~gtosntozkqkqtksozt|qgmqtkj
tC linGUlatUm t~g|gt~qgpskz{ps
gsg{ti| kskqg zkqkqt iqgtkj zt
gst|~qpg |g {it |gn{to j|op t C
linGUlatUm t ~qg to gsnqg p kz t z{kts
|qspz t C linGUlatUm zgsp |qst t C
chalcedonicUm 
tC linGUlatUmosnptgjtztkgglktC
VarieGatUmg}o{tiksk|jsjqgztozqt|ztosgz
msgs{omksgqnt~{pqtz{g|sitsjps$EK
(NXNAKIMOQEO |gtjt|sktC chalcedonicUm
ks~mpsqskjs}gskg{{tszngs
kzm gz tq}t{ti| |g }otikpiqg}| ztm
p tC VarieGatUmjg|qskgzstkk|t{ggzg
{{gjtkjm |gnatsg}{{gtoksgzkqkqt
i{go| |g |og |g g snm to k k}gs

j|op skqpm ksg oz| j|tkj k gg


zkqgsnto zto {kzstsg gztg k gq|k |t
mhmto ks~k~kjskonoksktskzto
gzt|{stos p zqttkpkq|tosnto
ffl yzlmnr z{mnot iks| krgz{stsg k |q k|k g }o p sg hgn
zt{{gz{gltsggiks p|qsht{hs jmtoqisgkgotsqzt|qojktjg}t
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
4tkjt~gqg|mqlkgp~kjszk{tkst.4 k
hm g |qqg m )5#.  |qqt $ |oqp
kzkj k}gslkg k |q gqn zkqt~s t tztk
kstzltsgtgmkqk{{jgtt
||gtpg |gn|gmshtgzm
zkqkqkgzzkqt~k}stoozq~kk|t{mzqhgm tqskksg|tskg||sqg
|g p k| tto oz|ksg ks qk gsnqzsk
kzjqk |gn|gk{{tsstsmh|mmgzt|glg
pf ypsff ks ~tos {m}nk qg zqtgg zqt t zgqs p t oztz{mnot got to
kjtongzqzksgkztzktsgkzk{ tpk
sgiskjosgmzq{mmtztpsjztkikitspszt
ztqk sg kzmqktos to }o|t htzto zp
z~mzkqgqpk|k{{kommqsmng mgsg|gg|kototj|tj|tomhtg|{zozkqht{|
h|mmngzqzksggzt}ko~nktohtztoto
kjto |gntztjtzmggzglgztqksgh{kg}o|gt{{tskozgnjg}t
*@PHL/DPQQML

t ksjm| oztkjt ColchicUm linGUlatUm RTBRO linGUlatUm gz


mssthtgvp*+0EQRRNM 

287

Colchicum parnassicum Sartori,


Orph. & Heldr.

o

Colchicaceae
Colchicum parnassicumSartori, Orph. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 4: 122 (1859).
j{nys 0EQRRNM    ;{{ 3S% kqk
{{ t tpg= bIM QEG RTOEQINQI L 0AQMARRI
OQNOE !QMNUQXRRI AKS   OEDc  *TK 
Orphanides&K'QAEC%WR no ' "/)3N{k|ozt
!4(5 "- &) '" *% + ,$ 0 3 503 75 

|g{t|gqspqt}nszpqt

nrrnf ColchicUm linGUlatUm UAQ parnassicUm


3AQS /QOH(EKDQ 3SEF 3BNQM"KG!JAD.ATJ
 nom illeG |gnsgzqtmitkststgt
jtgrst|kzzkjt tC latifoliUm3LUAQeUboeUm
"NIRR;C eUboeUm"NIRR +0EQRR= gsgiq}kgpossot

jpsis frms|spf g snm k}gsltsg zqs g


}{{g tjkkqtototo{to~qtsitot
tqsk}tqgq~tokzkhqtog}{{g
t{t|{mqstos ms |zor to ts zq{t ~q ts
t{t glkto|gqzttColchicUm parnassicUm
ksgsggzgzqpkqg|t{~|m{{jgkgsnt}tqg kgr ps kjs zto gsnltos ~pq }{{g
zpgzkqkqgkjmmtjgto ozkq}qkggs{tigms|g{{qikg gsnltsgggto
|g{t|gqt spqkqg gz ms z{ktsmg ps {{ps
okqgsnpskjs

jphpf| t{ok ht{hqqlt kjt t{h ptkj p ~kjs }gq| zkzksg }gq|
      W     CL ~sk khqgsjk
p~kjskhqgsjk zgspjkqgjk |qst|gst p hgnp kqonqt|gst p hgnp
|ggst jmtoqitsk{g     CL t
p  CL hqg~kqt to |g}o{{to v{{g  
 okqsng ~kjs qng p qng gzt|{stsg
jgkps     W       CL koqp
kz|m {ti~tkjpkz|mkz|m k{{kz| k
ghgngo{|pmo~skko|qs|gqsg ~pqk
k{~m z~pm ~ zgsp k{~g oskqgsg k~qg{gzq|g{zszqst |qzkjg
o~skqonqtzq}oqg|tsmsgz{mrm {kgsnm
  p{sgzkqgsntog|qgt g|qkqtto|g}o{{to |g      CL m{ko|t p {ko| zgsp k jk ztq}oq gzt~qk t sp
g to gz{mrm ~tgstkj zg{g jgkps
        CLW    LL kskz|mpksgs{ti~tkj ~kjstrgpgh{g
kstkkgztqtiio{psg tr{m|g|qg ~qgtjto ztq}oqtphgnpjto ztq}oqt
qjsto ztq}oqt osnpkstsmj|pm kstk
kztq}oq{pqjk|g|tpsskqps{g|k
smps zkqhg{{ksk gz kz|k ~gm{ krqk {kkkgqgq~pmrpkq|t|gkpkq|t tsk zqtgqmst k mgs| jg}tqk|
tgggtozkqgsnto tkrpkq|t|to
   LL t kpkq|t   LL sgg {kg
{ko| kstkkqjst ztq}oqgskqtg tjti|pstgmhmtoozt|qstp|qst
gsnqk    LL osnp|qst ioqk|t||t
|qst{tg|qkqtpsmsps igg|gkq~ksgk|t     LLk{zsp
gztjg}t jgkps W   CL kz|k
p k{{ktkjk p kz|k ptkjk zqgg
ksg|q |qs{ko|tzqtqmg|k|gg
rmq }{{g jgmqtsg tqsk }tq zsp t
}o~qmsk}smpszqpsgsnps gqit

posof{ fpm n   0EQRRNM 


 hgst k }o gz g qm gqsg |g
|sg

johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| m {{jg ~q


iispgz{igqmmkqk{{jggqsg {|sg|gthqktgm|sg 
syszg{z|ggtqps ~g{|jk zkqjk z{gi k ngssk 1UercUs n{g|k hk
|qmss zkqjm {hjg zto kz|qgts g Daphne
oleoides -arrUbiUm VelUtinUm |gn|ggi|gnpkjm
AstraGalUs zptA thracicUs RTBROparnassi kgr

288

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoColchicUm parnassicUm

  L osnp p om{kqg ps 


L kghk{nto
fqrs{ }zf ~q ms k}sm m zkqiqg} to ColchicUm GraecUm + 0EQRR 0EQRRNM  g
jt kjm oi~tsgs kgr to jt t htgs|t
ztozkqiqggstC parnassicUmts"NIRRIEQ
zkq{ghgso{|gztC GraecUm msgs{mmzto
k~gsigtsttokjtp ozq~toszt{{g}kjg}tqktq}t{ti|jkjtsgkgrpsjt
kjstC GraecUmksgzkqkqtkqpt}o k
~sk|{mqkqto|ghgnkqto~qgt kzg{g~pqk}gsj|pm o~skkig{kqtgqn
}{{pskig{oqtokinto|gg{gztzqgspzt
~qgt~qptpg|gqnpsjtkjsksgkzmjg}tqk|zz{ts tqg|jkjtsggz
zkqt~toitsjgtpsz{gjps$EK(NXNAK
IMOQEO oztjk|stosgjtkjmksg}o{tiksk|
{{ts gztg|qosg t sg gz t {{t tqg|
gs{omtztnkktC parnassicUmmsjgtjgk
gC eUboeUm"NIRR +0EQRR|gC skasianUm+IS4AM
)ASQN jtk{{ms|ksjm|kjmkj|opzkqsnt
|g ztq}oq gsk |g |t ps skqps zq~tos
kstt rk|ngqk jg}tq k ~gqg|qk ps ~sps|gps}{{ps ktC eUboeUmsg~khgnoqto
~qgt mjkqgjk ~sk k zt{{ qgg
~pqmsjmtoqig{gt |gn|g~k|z{gkqg
}{{g hgnkqto ngzt ~qgt zz{ts g snm
toksgg}kig{kqg kk}gsk g|qttsk g ks kz|m gzt|{stsg |gzksg }{{g
toC skasianUmksgg}jg}tqk| tgzt
C parnassicUm t|ggztC eUboeUm kstkrpkq|ttotskzqtgqsg{ig~{t~gm{kqgtp{sgtozkqgsntogojksk}gslkgg
{{gjtkjm 

fflyzlmnrtColchicUm parnassicUm ksgjg|tqzstkgq|kki{kk|kggskqg okqg jgkqg m zkqt~ to gqsgt


ztogz}gskgjmtoqikmgs|tgqnt
gpsstt tost{|gqnps}osksg
j|t{tsgk|mnkkzg|qh
smkiiksgsgzgqgipigzt~kkrggg|g{{m{ps|gq|sosnm|skgogki{gokqg
g qto hgnt giks gsgzgqgipi p |qs
ht{hs ttzttgsgztsgkzzqtnpmkggsgspmto|qtoht{ht nghtmnkpsg
hgnmskrz{pmpsz{mnos
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
4t kjt ksg zngs g}g{ to{~ts z{gi m zkqt~ to gqsgt zto k}gslkg k
~k|ki{togqntvgskgsgmskzmqklkg
gzmsh|mmpsgitzqthps p ktqsk
zkqt~tstskjqgmqmkzto~kltsgkt
~tstjqt| |sqt p ~tos t {{ts gqsm|
kzzktsz{mno
tkjt~gqg|mqlkgp~kjszk{tkst.4
}psg k |gmitqk kz|sjosmg m )5#.
 khmt|qqt$ |oqpkzkjmost{|
zkqt~krz{pmksggq|kzkqtqsm
pfypsffks~tos{m}nkqgzqtgg
zqttzgqs p jqg|g{{gizpmgrmm
mh|mm|gjgkqgmkz|gmpsjqgmqtps to ~tstjqt|t |sqto ng zqzk sg gzt}ko~ntstkjt|g{{kqikgktgs|tzto|g
psghgnjgskgmskztq|gsnt|tg
*@PHL/DPQQML

snm|g}{{gtoksjm|tkjtoColchicUm
parnassicUm gztqtgqsgvp+
0EQRRNM 



Colchicum peloponnesiacum
Rech. f. & P. H. Davis

o-3

Colchicaceae
Colchicum peloponnesiacumRech. f. & P. H. Davis in Rechinger f., sterr. Bot. Z. 95: 427 (1949).
3ys ;{{ 0E k{tzssmt t ~gg= bIM
GNQGEBESVEEM$IAJNNAMD-EGA3OIKENM RIDERNFQAIKVAXELBAMJLEMS OQNBABKXBQNTGHSDNVMVISHRNIKFQNL
HIGHEQTOUAKKEX  Lc /CS DaVis
{ozt+ozt' 
jphpf| t{ok ht{hqqlt kjt t{h ptkj kz|m p ptkj       W    CL
~sk khqgsjk p ~kjs khqgsjk zgspmjkqgjk |ggstphgnp|ggst
jmtoqitsk{g|to   CL iks|zt{
hqg~kqtto|g}o{{tov{{g   osmnkqg
 ossng ~kjssmgtkjpksiqgtkj
~kjs qng |g ms snm k{g}q trp |gzksg|gg|qkqg|g CLgzt|g}o{{t
osnphqg~kqgpsgsnps |gmsgszorto
zkqkqtgzt|{stsg trp o~s|gzksgt
g|qgtgto jgkps   CLW  
   LL k ghgn go{|pm |g ko|qs kgt
skqt ~k|zg~g ngzzqsg {kgosnp
gqgq~pskoqkmq~msnm  
zt{ktg p{sgzkqgsntog|qgt g|qkqt
to|g}o{{to|g   CL {ko|pz gz{mrm
~tgstkj p ks |pjpstkj 4zg{g    
 CLW    LL kskz|mpgs{ti~tkj zgsp {ti~tkj ~kjs trg p gh{g k
ko|qsk skoqk oztqjsg ztq}oq osnp
{gzqqjsg ztq}oq g~skqgp{ko| zqtm
hm to k zt{ ks kzqgg iksltsg k t
|gkqt ps go{|ps ps smps rpkq|t
tsk|to   LL kpkq|t  
LL sgggqgq~pt|gkqt {ko|
kjti|psm|qsmpi{go|t|qsmhm gsnqk
|to      LL i{go|t |qst p |ggst
zgskqg ~kjs gqt ioqk|t||t |qst {t
osnp{g|qkqtpsmsps {ko|t konoksk ig |t||tq}t k k}gslksk t
kzzkjt to kj}to jgkps    W     CL
ksptkjk kz|kpkz|k k{{kz| gh{kk tqsk}tqkztq}oqgzt~qkzqggk|qg{{ko|qs {ko|pzzqtqmg

sys~zt{k|knkskz{gi{}pso~s
hqkto zqtgsgt{t k zkqjm |g ~g{|jm
kj}m lgg to ktikst m ghkjm kgr
giqppjs kstk k jt PinUs halepensis okqt C  L t kjt o{{~nm|k ig zqm }tq
gzts0($AUIR|g|tmjmqtjqt|iqg ztoosjkmshqkgg|mk{tztsstog|tz k ms ts to ki{to zm{gto $AUIR
oznkkg}ok~gskg}kqnkgzgom{kqg
mkgm|t{jg |zto}gskgsgksgk{tit
fqrs{ }zf t ColchicUm peloponnesiacUm
oiikskk ks k kjm m tjg to C cUpanii
0EQRRNM   'QETSEQ B |g "QICJEKK 
 olmgsmsgrst|nmtqspsgzgo
gkjm|gkr}qggs gst~p g}ht{k~k|
kmsj|qmtoC peloponnesiacUm gztCpUsillUm
3IEBEQ gz t C steVenii +TMSH ~gqg|qk zto
olmnm|gsgst~qgpsgsnqps|gmgszorm
ps }{{ps t C peloponnesiacUm zp |g g C
pUsillUm|gC cretense'QETSEQ~tosgsnqkpstztps
t~qgzt|{kgzk}q| qst~q~kjsgqt
jm{gjiks|kj}tqkgzt~qkto}gtt
C steVenii t gsnqk ksg osnp |qst ms m
sgt{ g{{o~s}gtmstoq|gkgrps
kjsmtjgztok}gsltoszt{{}{{g gkjm
C peloponnesiacUm C steVenii |g C pUsillUm g }{{g

posof{ fpm n   0EQRRNM 


  k}ogzms~gg
jpsisfrms|spf|hqt thqttkjt
gsnlkkg}{{gsg~tos~k||g{~mgk
johpf|{jqyzolzstksjm|kjtm{{jg ispstgzmsk{tzssmtqit{jg
tqsng|g~gg 



kpiqg}| krz{pm to ksjm|t kjto ColchicUm


peloponnesiacUm

ksgossngtC peloponnesiacUm kgsnmststo


~qgt ksg zkqkqt oiiks k t C steVenii
gz gsgt{|kqk zkqt~ p t k{kogt kjt
~k o~s g|qkqto p{sk k}sm k gz{mrm
zkqkqt ~tgstkj zto k|zkg k gkqtkj
tq} kggkskqg zkqkqtiqgtkj
kz|m {kgsggmsps ~oqkqtojkqgjk
~sk |g }{{g g~skqto ~qgt |qspz
zqsg p zqsg g tztg ksg o~s {ikqg k
gqn |g z{gkqg g jt kjm ~tos jg}tqk|t
~qptpg|t gqnt n   t C steVenii 
t|t{tigtoksgkzmk{kpjg}tqk| ktC
steVeniisgksgsgkjtrmqs hqg~pjsnkps zto
iks| k}gslkg gskg k ~gm{t nsto zp
g}qigsg kghkt{n|kj}m}psgko{|
htgs|so{{tis tColchicUm peloponnesiacUmk~k
jm o{{k~nk |g m jq|kg to zqto t to
togsggzto:TCCAQIMI|g3AQSNQImsqit{jg
gs|gtoi|k|qsthtgs|tk}gsltsgsjg||t
~k| k ms gom to :TCCAQIMI ~t{gk t
tq}tqjst ztq}oq~qgpsgsnpstop
gs t }o ~k st }{{g ksg zt{ j|t{t sg
jg|qnk m }m t ColchicUm peloponnesiacUm
~gqg|mqlkggztski{tgqn}{{psztoksg
|ggnkqqztzt{ks gskggkskqg
to isto w gzt{kg g }o k |gqzt}tqg
ksgzt{j|t{tsggs~skontsms}m jgkqg
gs }tsg gskg k giqpjm p krgg ps
{gzqsqjsps ztq}oqsgsnpstkjtksgzt{
k}gs|gmsgsnt}tqg zgqt|qtoiknt
stt jg}kik m zqtt~ zt{{s htgs|s
krggmgqitztqmsmgsnt}tqgto
ffl yzlmnr t oz| zkqh{{ts ig t
ColchicUm peloponnesiacUmksg~k||kqnk
k giqpjm k m ghkt{n| ~g{|jk jg}t
lggtoktikst s|gtqstgztoz{mnottoksgzt{|qt ozq~tos{{t totzt-

to t kjt k}gslkg k ki{to gqnt gps


zq~kqgjosgmgtkjtiggikszt{{gz{gg pmgszormps`k}kjq|st}ng{sa
ps jkokqkosps }{{ps k |qt ht{ht zto
gqiiqitqg|gmsgszormtomq|t}ot
gzt|ztsg|gjmtoqitsgskrqmg}o
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjzt
ColchicUm peloponnesiacUm zkqtqlkg k {ik st
nkk}sm ktqskgztztk|gg{ghsk |q zkqt~ krz{pm stt t nk
toksg~k|gzttspsk|gst{itkzmqkltsggzt|glgztoh|toszz{ts tkjt
zkqsgzgqgqmtgs~kst}{{go glk
msgqitztqmsmgsnt}tqgto tzqtgktosgz
to htgs|t o{{|k gq{g go krgg m
zgsm to t kjt zqttk sg ~gqg|mqnk
p~kjszk{tkst.4 }psgkg|qqg|g
|gmitqkkz|sjosmgm)5#. khm
t|qqt$
pf ypsff ztkjztk g{{gi ztqk sg
kzmqktosgqsm|sgozthgntosts}o|htzttoColchicUm peloponnesiacUm ngzqzksggzt}ko~nts s |g |qt kinto t kjt ksg zt{
k{|o||gmsgsnt}tqgto|g|g{{kqikgt
tgs|ztto'SEBNQG |gn|gktqsto
{{to|zto ztoztqksg~toskztq|~gqg|qgtkjt}gskgsggsgzt|qskgzt{|g{ms
|g{{qikgstt tztgjztkzkqgqpo{{ti
lpsgss }os ng zqzk sg gzt}ko~nk sa got
m gsgzgqgipi gz o{| zto jm hq|kg k |g{{qikgngzqzksgkzgq|kksgk}tjkmsgsnt|t|gitqklpsgs}oigzkqgqpzt{{gz{gg ksgo~qtsgg}om|g{{qikgng
~qmktospqzklgksk|t{|t

t ksjm| kjt ColchicUm


peloponnesiacUm gz |g{{kqimst
o{| zqtkq~kst gz ts t
~gg  to ~pqt g{g
vp*0EQRRNM 



*@PHL/DPQQML

Colchicum psaridis Heldr. ex Halcsy

o-3

Colchicaceae
Colchicum psaridisHeldr. ex Halcsy, Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 274 (1904). C. psaridis Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp.
Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 310 (1890), nom. nud.
j{nys 0EQRRNM    ;{{ 0E
k{tzssmt t kmsg= bIM LNMSE 4AXGESN
OQNBABIKISEQHATDOQNCTKABKNCNMASAKIColchici Boissieri
/QOH 3EOSc Psarides IMHeldr (EQB'QAEC.NQL
no  7t{k|ozt" "- % &) '" *% ,$ - 0
3 503 
nrrnf ColchicUm boissieri UAQ Gracile /QOH in
sched nom nUd``$ERCQIOSINIM3CHNKIIRMNRSQIRaa 
C Zahnii (EKDQ in sched AD (EQB 'QAEC .NQL no
  nomen (AKCRX #NMRO &K 'QAEC  
 descr
jphpf|t{ok qlpgjkkjtlpg|g
mssnmmosnpkzqtk|ht{ |ksq|gggst kjkqttzt{CCL kzkqkqk
|oqp tqlsk zqtk|ht{ osnp m|o{sjq|t
~gt |to  CL|gjgqto   LL
~sk khqgsjk kqonqt|gst p |ggst
~pq{gv{{gzt{zsg ossng ks
iqgtkj p {ti~tkj iqgtkj ~kjs qng
pqng gzt|{stsg|gmssnmm o~sk{g}q
trtkj kig{kqg|g  CLgzt|g}o{{t
msos~kgtrtkj gzt|{stsgpzqms |to
p   CL z{to    LL k ghgn go{|pm|gko|qskgtskqt ~kjsg~stzqsg
p zqsg {kg kstk k hqg~kk h{k}gqjk g
|qzkjg |g m q~m snm    k stsm t
gijg{to p{sg zkqgsnto g|qgt g|qkqt
to |g}o{{to |g    CL |qspz{ ko|
kstk k gzt~qk qjsto jto gz{mrm ~tgstkj k|zoksm zkqgqp k gkqtkj ~g
zgskqgzqtkiiltogmsks|pjpstkjtq} zg{g     CLW   LL kskz|m
pkskz|m k{{kz| ~kjsgh{gp~kjs trg kstk |oqpsg ms gz{mrm k k}gsk
skoqk qjsg jm p {gzkq qjsg ztq}oq
g~skqto~qgtp{ko| zqtmhm gskqm
kz}skgtqsk}tqkghqg~kg{ko|gsg
rpkq|t tsk |to    LL kpkq|t
   LL sgg{kg {ko| tqsk}tqk
gzt~qk qjsto jto m jti|psm hm to
hgnp zqgspz |qsm gsnqk |to    
LL osnp ztq}oqt|gst ztq}oq}gt ztq}oqgoqt tqsk}tq}gt|qst ioqk|t||t
|qst {t osnp ~ g|qkqt ps msps
{ko|t konoksk ig|t||tq}tktkzzkjttokj}tokstkozikk k{{kz| kz|k
pk{{kz|   W   CL gh{kk tqsk
}tq q~p zqgg k sg |q g{{ ko|qs
{ko|zqtqmg

posof{ fpm n   0EQRRNM 


  k }o gz to tt g|psg |g
kmsg
jpsis frms|spf |qg zkqtjt gsnt}tqg
ksgtt}nszpqt tosk|hqtpk|hqt ks tqsk }tq gsnlk jm gz ts kzhqt
johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|kjtm{{jg zkqtqst m  k{tzssmt ~kqsmt
msm |gmstnmqg
syskqjkz{gi{}psk}qigsg ~qt
giqt |g k{gsk k SEQQA QNRRA |g ghkt{n|
ozqpg gztkzzkjtmn{gg~qzngs
g  L zkqzto o~s k}gslkg gl k g kjm
ColchicUm parlatoris CrocUs niVeUs C GoUlimyi|gC boryi
fqrs{ }zf (EKDQEICH ozkq{ghk ms
o{{tito (EQB'QAEC.NQL pMN|gkt
stg C psaridis (EKDQ jkigg }os g tztg k~k
{hkgztso{{|mxgqjmp jksgshhgt
igmsg|qhzqt{komtoo{|t zp}gskggz
k|kpsjkipstosgg}ht{tgsgo
gjkiggzqtq~tsggz|ztgzkqt~|tssk
ms gq~| zkqt~ o{{ti to C boissieri |gn t
k{kogtkjtk}gslkgkg}kig{kqto-



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoColchicUm psaridis

tksjm|kjtColchicUm psaridisgztstkmsg to~pqtgoqtzmivp+0EQRRNM 



kqttC psaridisksg~k||tstozqztjk
togito ksttmkzmmzkqiqg}tojksjnm|k~qts(AKCRX 
vok}{{gz{gkqgtooz|t~toststgnkColchicUm Zahniigzts(EKDQEICH t|kkstmk|gtojkigt(EQB'QAEC.NQLMN
 zto|goi|qstsgktC psaridis ttztt
p ~q k jks k~k kzmm zkqiqg} gn m
jispmtokjtohglkgmi|qmksg``m
ozgq|aakjt~pqispt~gqg|qk tstgC
Zahnii jks ztqk sg nkpqmnk p i|oqg jmtkost~qmskzmmzkqiqg}totConspectUsto
(AKCRX jm{gjmsjg~qtsmzkqiqg}
toC psaridis
t C psaridis ksg zt{ zgqk}kq g ozqikg
ggktC cUpanii'TRRztokzmjgnkjt
}{{gg}{{gtopksg|zpg~skqto~qgt zkqkqt zqgst|qsg gz t ozgq|C cUpaniiRTBROGlossophyllUm(EKDQ 2NTX ks
zgskqgk}gsltsgh{k}gqjkg|qzkjto
zz{ts ~tos{kzkqmo}|gkstossgksg
{ikqt |gzg zz{ts g snm ksg zkqkqt
~tgstkj kzkqkqtkz|mzg{gtC cUpanii
g snm ksg o~skqg |pjpstkj k gs{ti~tkj
zg{g  4g jt kjm ksg zqt}gs ks oiiks|
|ztokzhkhgskggzms}o{tiksk|gs{om
ksgqnt~{pqtz{g|sitsjps$EK(NXNAK
IMOQEO mstztgk}gsltsgzstkgltsjt
|{jt
ffl yzlmnr t ColchicUm psaridis gs|k
mstjgkkjmColchicUm zto~mgltosqlgg gzgtztgkjmggzgstsms{{jgC
psaridis C asteranthUm C soboliferUm |g C boissieri
|gssg to |tss oiiks  {th to qlgt
ztozkq{ghsktst}ng{gsgspmksgg|q
|gks|gmspqmg gsgzokst~kjs
tqlsggsig|nkgzm t``k}kjq|t}ng{aamg~{mtojkkqto}{{toztqksggsgzo~nkgot~qspksgshqg~kqttqlst{th
t|q}oztonggsgzo~nkgzsgsttkzzq-

nkt{thngjmtoqik|q}{{ggo~qtsgk
g}{{gto|qtoqlgtkgostsqztt
C psaridisgsgzgqgiikggiksgq|kgztk{kg| ~mgltsgtz|zo|sojktjg}t
~pqpgosg|gg{ghstosmgs||gm
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf {rirsn
tColchicUm psaridis gs|gzkqtqsmkrz{pm
jks oz|kg k |ztts kt |sjost krg}sm
kz|qgtg kzjqgm m h|mm gz gitzqhgg
jks kzmqklk mgs| ms kzhpm ps oztz{mnosgzngs ztqgj|kpmtokiikstzt{{gz{ggt krtqqtzkg gz ms gszorm zgqg}ojps|gtsgztk{kg|gikszt{{gz{gg
stt krggm|qzkqt~zto|gg{ghsktkjt zqttksgtksrtokms|gmitqg
ps~kjszk{tosps }psgkt|qqt
$m{gkqonqsjkjtspsm)5#. 
pfypsffngsggjksgzgtsg|ztg
jgkqgqgzqtggzqttzgqsp |gn
tjo|gm~kqtstomsmzqtk{|k
osk~zkqkqtotoqk|gzt{{gzg|gg~qmtzttsgpnkqs|gt|kgzsto
|gt|to tnkzto}kgtC psaridisngzqzk
sg zgqg|t{tontsg zqtk|| k sg gzt}ko~nk
tztgjztk~qmimztoztqksgkz}qkgqsm|
kzzk to oztz{mnot {ghstsg jgqpozm|gg{{gzsght{hjmkjmz~kjm
to isto CrocUs) zto }tsg gl k t C psaridis
4t kjt zt{{gz{glkg k|t{g k zgqg}ojk
to gzms{{mpjksksgjgkqggsnk||k
ki{gggmoqzm|goskzjksksgiks||g{{m{tp}o|ztog{{kqikgkzgqqg
ht{hs|gkg{z|nkqt|zgktqstotgs|tzto gzzto~kkrgz{pnkk|qgqn
kztq|sgsnt|t|skgqksjtgottqigstzqt}qtos|g{josgmkigmsjgqmm
|gzkqgqpjjtmtokjto



*@PHL/DPQQML

Colchicum pulchellum K. Perss.

o-3

Colchicaceae
Colchicum pulchellumK. Perss. in Willdenowia 18: 30 (1988).
3ys ;{{ 0E k{tzssmt t tqsng=
b-S+IKKIMI:IQIA JL37NF!MN4QIJAKA LNTMSAIMOKASEAT NMBAQERNIKALNMGRCASSEQEDGQARRSTR Lc
3EOS K Persson {ozt'")ozt
# + 
jphpf|t{ok ht{hqqltkjtt{hptkjpptkj }gq| jgkps   W  
CL ~skmkhqgsjkpjkqgjk |ggst
kqonqt|gst ~mgltsk {g to   CL
t p C  CL hqg~kqt to |g}o{{to v{{g
   okqsng gstqnpsg osnp gzt|{stsg      W      CL iqgtkj p
iqgtkj kz|m o~s k{g}q kskqg ms
hm |g ms gz{mrm k go{|pm zqsg p hgnpzqsg {kggqgq~pg|qzkjg|g
ms|pkz}skg|tsmshmsnm  p{sg zkqgsnto g|qgt g|qkqt to |g}o{{to
|g   CL ozt|qst kstk k zqgspz gzt~qk gz{mrm~tgstkjp|pjpstkjzg{g
       CL W     LL k{{kz| p
gs{ti~tkjgsptkj ~kjsgh{gp|t{zp k~k|ko|qskskoqk k{g}qoztqjsg
ztq}oq p qtjtzq}oqg gskqm kz}skg k ko|qs|qkjm {ko|kgggsg|toosnpp
t to kz{to g{g|k msps ghgnk {kk
rpkq|t tsk |to    LL kpkq|t
   LL sgg{kg {ko|pz tqsk}tq
qjsg ztq}oqtspgto jti|psmhm
|qsm p ztqt|g{~qtm zqgspz |qsm gsnqk|to      LL |qst ioqk|t||t|qst{tto|topk{g}qg|qkqtps
msps {ko|pzt konokskk{g}q|gzkst
msgz{mrm ig|t||tq}tzt{k{g}q|gkq~kst{ikqtgzLL gk}gslksm{ zsp gz t jg}t jgkps     W  
  CL k{{kz| kz|mpk{{kz|zqgg
kzqtqmgzkqtqstkgkqpjti|psm
|qspz {ko|rgqm |g|tmgz{koq

mk{tztssto|gmkqk{{jg~toskzk{ kqkosmnk gz gq|kt htgs|t t kjt go


jks~khqknk~qik|ztg{{mnm
sys ms |tqo} kqthtsg t ColchicUm
pUlchellUm}kgkhqg~jkkrqk|ggz|qmsk
hqg~jk z{gi gskg k *UniperUs oxycedrUs
Daphne oleoides Sideritis clandestina Crepis heldreichiana
|gSesleria VaGinalistqto{{smk}gslkg
~g{|jk |g gjk kzzkjk k|k to om{t
tqtzkjto k ~kjs ios jg}t kgr gqgs
ojps-arrUbiUm cylleneUm|gPlantaGo atrata~k
o{{k~nkkgr|gL kghkt{nto
fqrs{ }zf t ColchicUm pUlchellUm k~k jm
o{{k~nk t qt o{{sm ms jk|gkg to 
p jks k~k gsgispqnk p st kjt ms jk|gkg to  o{{~nm|k kzgsk{msp gz to *
0EQRRNM  + 0EQRRNM t ms o{{sm t |g ms
kqthtsg to gito |g gsgispqnm|k gztk{kjg|qkjt stigmskzmvogzg
jt qm jg}qtos k{g}q ms tq}t{tig to
o to gito ~tos zkqkqt |toq~qpto
|g k{g}q qg~kqto ~sk |gn |g g~skqt
~qggsnpsrmq|k|ggozt{kggps
}{{pso~szgqgstost}o~qmskzksm
zqm}nstzpqsgsnt}tqg|gtojtispt
z{mnot z go ms ztm t kjt zqtkiilk

posof{ fpm n   0EQRRNM 


hgstk}ogzgjtqmkrz{pto
jpsis frms|spf snlk ~pq }{{g gz t
jkkqt o to oitto p ts kzhqt g
}{{g|gt|kk}gsltsggztszq{t~q
tstst
johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|kjtm{{jg~qiksgispstgzms|tqo}
kqthtsgmtqtkqtogito|ggztqt
o{{smqg s|ggq|k{{ktqkszkqt~



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoColchicUm pUlchellUm

tC macedonicUm+NAMIMRXMC pieperianUm-AQJGQ


m {hgsg |g m &92/- t tztt g }{{g |g
t|gqztmzqtmitksmzkqjtogsnt}tqgksg
o~s spz |g zqsg |g m jq|kg m snmm
{ttosto|g{ttst{t g}{{gpksg
gq|kjg}tqk|gjtkjmtC macedonicUm~k
osnpstjt}{{g gtztgksg~kjsqng
kz|m iqgtkjpi{ptkj z{to~q 
CL|g~kjskzzkjg
gjtkjmksgzngsgq|koiiks |zto
oztjk|skgkzmgzms}o{tiksk|gs{omzto
hglkg ms g{{m{to~g to z{gjg|t $.! $EK
(NXNAKIMOQEO }psgkgomk{m {{t
|tsstoiiksk}gskgsgksggC raUsii+0EQRR
k{{ms|ksjm |C skasianUm+IS4AM)ASQNk{{ms|ksjm ||gC alpinUm$#{zk zsssg |k{g 
ffl yzlmnr t ColchicUm pUlchellUm t
k}kjq| t}ng{ m g~{m to jkkqto }{{to o~s gsgzk |q ht{h go~qtsg k ms
jmtoqig to sto ht{ht zto zqt|zk gz ms
gsgspmto|qtot}ng{tt|q}oztojmtoqikg gz sgs tt k}kjq| t}ng{ ztqk
sg gsgzk snm go~qtsg k ms gsnt}tqg to
mq|t }ot p o~skqg gsgztsg st
}{{g|nkt ~qtst}osg}nkk|ztg
m{|g|qtht{htztqkkzmsgzgqgkstosk
sq|mtjg}tig|qkqtkig{kqtjmg
k|nkzkqzpm kgotsqzttz{mnot}g-

skg sg zt{{gz{gltsg giks k gq|k kzo~g


|gkosjogktskiikszt{{gz{ggjmtoqitsggq|kzo|s|gki{kojk to{~tskzzkjkk|ktoqtoo{{sm
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz4t
kjtksgzngsgq|kg}g{to{~tsmszkqt~togito ztojks}gskgsgkzmqklkggz
gh|tsglgzkqjkz{gizto}kgt
tqtzjttoqtoo{{smtkjtksgk|t{gzqtht|gk|kztqksg|sjoskkgsmzkqt~~qmtztmnkiggsi|k~tstjqt|t|sqtokgos
tszngs|sjostngzqzksgzqtknktikits
mt{|zkqt~krz{pmtokjtoksgzt{zkqtqsmtC pUlchellUm~gqg|mqlkgp~kjszk{tkst khm|gmitqkkqonqsjkjtspsm
)5#. k}gqltsgt|qqt$
pfypsffks~tos{m}nkqgzqtggzqttzgqsgzqzksggzt}ko~ntsg{{gi
zpmgrmmmh|mm|gtjqgmqmkks
~tstjqt|t |sqto zto ztqk sg kzmqktos gqsm|sgozthgntosto}o|thtztoto
kjtovotoColchicUm pUlchellUmjgmqtsgk
|g{{qikgttgs|ztto'SEBNQGigjk|gkk pjks}gskgsg~tos|ztgjgkqm|g{{pz|grgig|zto|gpk|ttotkjtjks~k
jgjtnkpgsnt|t|

tksjm|kjtColchicUm pUlchellUmgztqtgiktvp*0EQRRNM 



*@PHL/DPQQML

54

Colchicum rausii K. Perss.

Colchicaceae
Colchicum rausiiK. Perss. in Pl. Syst. Evol. 217: 58 (1999).
3ys ;{{ 30I kg{g t gqjm=
b0ARR BEI /WXA YVIRCHEM !QGISHEA TMD -NTYAJINMc
FEKRDTQCHQAGSE "EQGVEIDEM QEICH AM AstraGalUs TMD
PteridiUm UEQJAQRSESER +AKJGERSEIM   L
 3EOS  Binder HaGemann Hempel & RaUs 
{ozt")ozt'" 
jphpf| t{ok qlpgjk kjt lpg k
g|gsst ~g o~s t |qt g to }gq|
ptkj p {tr kzm|k ptkj jgkps   W
   CL kzqtk|ht{~qCL|gz~t  CL
~sk{kzt khqgsjk osnpk}kqt gst|t|gst k~pqsgshqg~{gzto~lkg
v{{g  okqsng ~kjsqng jgkps
W   CL kz|m iqgtkjpi{ptkj
ksgs{ti~tkj kz|m kgztmspmms
~kjs trkg ~kjs gh{kg gz{mrm kzzkjg g{{
k~k|k}gskgggo{|pmmsspkz}skg
|g|gqsgms|pkz}skg zqsg kzt{jg|q hgnkqto~qgtskoqkmsspkz}skg
{kg snm   p{sg zkqgsnto g|qgt ~s
g|qkqtto|g}o{{to|g     CL g~oqt|qst gz{mrm~tgstkjpks|pjpstkj
zg{g   CL o~szt{sgtjtsntk
jg}tq|top|gLL z{to LL ks
kz|mpgs{ti~tkj ~kjsgh{gpgh{g
zt{g~sjmpoztqjsg jm kzt{ko|qsk
skoqk g{g|ksmps{kk to{~tstkpkq|zkqhg{{kskgzkskzqggrpkq|t
tsk |to   LL kpkq|t   LL sgg{kg {ko| kstsg|qsmp~qot|qsmjti|psmhm gsnqk|to  LL g~st|qst
p|qst ioqk|t||t|qst{tto|to
k{g}qg|qkqtpsmsps {ko|pzt igg
|t||tq}gpk{g}q|gkq~ksg |to   
LL k gsgzoksk t kzzkjt to kj}to
jgkps     W     CL kskz|k p kz|k k{{kz| kstk ptkjk zqggksg|qspz{ ko|zqtqmg o~szg~kqt|tsm|qtz{m

sys {z| {hjg {ksk k ~gm{ ~{m


gskgkPteridiUm|gg|gsnpkjmAstraGalUs gl
k,otUs cornicUlatUs |gCampanUla spathUlata kghkt{n| ozqpg }gslkg k okqt kgr
|gCL
3fqrs{ }zf 4g {{g k{{ms| kjm ColchicUm
k qlpgjm jt zgqk}kq k go to C raUsii
k}gsltos zqtk|ht{ to qlgt k zkqkqt
gnkq qzt ;C boissieri /QOH C psaridis (EKDQ EW
(AKCRX C asteranthUm 6ARRIKIAD  + 0EQRR |g C
soboliferUm&IRCH#!-EX 3SEF=|gkzmjg}qtos
zt{ t k ~gqg|mq| ps gsnps t |g k
~gqg|mq| ps }{{ps st t C boissieri ~k
okqsng}{{g zptC raUsii gtztgpksg
 k gqn |g kskqg iqgtkj ks g snm
to ksg zt{ kig{kqg k gnkqkqm o} |g k
zkqkqt stst ztq}oq ~qg t C raUsii nolk
gsnmtC pUlchellUm+0EQRRk{{ms|ksjm ||g
t C macedonicUm +NAMIM &92/- {hgsg g tztg
kzmksg|qtkinto okqsngkjm~pqp
sg~mgltoszqtk|ht{ ks~tosptkjkht{htk
~k||gzto|{mqtkqonqt|gsto~skzto
kzm|stsg k {g t C macedonicUm ~k kzz{ts
k{g}qzgqk}kq}{{g|gstkgqn zpt
C raUsii g{{kg{zs ksspzqsmgz~qpm
{ggogqgkjmksgzngsksoiiks ks
kzm{gksgkrgz{tkjkn

posof{fpmn0EQRRNM 
jpsis frms|spf snlk ts kzhqt ~pq
}{{g g }{{g |g t |gqzt k}gsltsg gqi ms
strmspqt|g{t|gq
johpf|{jqyzoltz|ksjm|kjtm{{jg sp st gz g |q zkqt~ to qto
gqhgmsjt ztozgqgmqnm|ksg}kgk
jtnkkoq|kskk|qgzgmkgrto
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*@PHL/DPQQML

snt to ksjm|t kjto ColchicUm raUsii gz t qt gqhg


msjto|g}{{g|g{{kqimspsgpsvp+0EQRRNM 



Colchicum soboliAerum
(Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) Stef.

54

Colchicaceae
Colchicum soboliAerum!DN>C   (@T .O@A DI.=JMI GB F<? )<PF 
3ys ;qs lkqzgls= bIM OQASIR HTLIDIR CIQCA
+HNIc *TM SZoVits {ozt,%ozt' ( + 
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(EXMHIM!KOH!TFY'EV.NLEMCK"NS(NQS:VEISEQ
"AMD  
B hastUlatUm &QIUIM&KNQA2EGEMRB  
-erendera sobolifera&IRCH#!-EXIM)MDEW3EL
(NQS 0ESQNO    ,IMMAEA  ,ISS "EQ 
 
- hastUlata &QIU "AJEQIM*,IMM3NC "NS
 
jphpf| t{ok qlpgjk kjt lpg k
zqtk|ht{ |g k |ksq| g }gq| ptkj
p}gq| jgqto   CL zqtk|ht{ zp
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~skkhqgsjkpmkhqgsjk gst|t|gsto p |ggst osnp ~pq {g v{{g
zt{zsg ossng iqgtkjpiqgtkj {ti~tkj |gmssnm~kjsqngptrtkj gzt|{stsg zkqzto     CL g|qkqg to
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  LL k ghgn go{|pm p kzzkjg |g k k}gs kgt skqt zqsg p hgnp zqsg
{kgzgspgqgq~pg|qzkjg snm 
zgsp  p{sg zkqgsnto jgqkst p m
hmto so~kg|qkqtto|g}o{{to|g
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~kjsgh{gpgh{g khmgztqtiio{psm
k tjtspt p smgtkj {tht |to p
LLmpssmpszkqhg{{ksmgzkz|k
ks {kzosksk krqk to{~ts g kpkq| zg{g tsk {kt {ko|pzt ~kjs zqgspzt kstkztq}oqt qjsttspgto jti|psmhmzqgspz gsnqk|to    
LL i{go|t|qst |ggstztq}oqt gqt ioqk|t||t|qst{t~kjsto|tok{g}q
g|qkqtpsmsps |qspzt {ko|tpzqgspzt kstkztq}oqt qjsttspgto konokskk{g}q|gzo{tkstmsgz{mrto
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stsggtoozqikt kstkksk{ozikk
jgkps  W   CL kz|k k{{ktkjk

pk{{ktkjk kgz{mrm zqggk|qg{{


k}gs{ko|zqtqmg
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pf ypsff ks ozq~tos zqt t zgqs qgigmszqtggtokjtostt tz{mnotngzqzksgzgqg|t{tontsgks tpk
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*@PHL/DPQQML

Colchicum stevenii Kunth

o-3

Colchicaceae
Colchicum steveniiKunth, Enum. Plant. 4: 144 (1843).
j{nys "QICJEKK    ;oqg= b3OECILEM
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to  p !CSA -NRPTEMRIA  CF 3SAET  #NVAM
 
nrrnf ColchicUm bertolonii 3SEUEM RTBRO steVenii
+TMSH .XLAM #NMRO &K %TQ    pp excl
syn
jphpf|t{ok ht{hqqltkjtt{hkz|m p k{{kz| ptkj jgkps      
W       CL ~sk khqgsjk p mjkqgjk zgsp jkqgjk kpkq|t kqonqpzt |ggstp|ggst krpkq|thgnp|ggst
jmtoqitsk {g |to      CL ~kjs
tpCLhqg~kqtto|g}o{{tov{{g
  zgsp zkqkqg ~kjs ossng ks
iqgtkj mssnmm~kjsqng g|qkqg|g
C   CL to |g}o{{to osnp hqg~kqg ps
gsnps m os~kg qng gzt|{stsg p trtkj
gzt|{stsg jgkps    CL W     
LL kghgngo{|pm|gko|qskgtskqt ~kjs{zs}pkszqsgpi{go|tzqsg {kg
gqgq~pg|qzkjg zgspgqgq~p
skoqkmq~msnm    zgspzkqkqg zt{ gqpg| p{sg zkqgsnto g|qgt g|qkqtto|g}o{{to|g     CL
{ko|pz gz{mrm ~tgstkj k|zoksm zkqgqpkgkqtkj~g4zg{gjgkps   
CLW     LL iqgtkjpkskz|m gs{ti~tkj ~kjs trg p ~kjs gh{g k
gq|k ko|qsk skoqk k{g}q ztq}oq qjsg
p {gzq qtjtzq}oqg m{ko|g p {ko| zqt
ms hm to |gn |g tqsk }tq |g |t
tokgtogto kmsk}smkstkzt{
kss zgsphqg~ptjtspskzgqps o~s
zkqh{{tsgt|gkqtopsgo{g|kpsps
msps rpkq|t tsk |to    LL
kpkq|t  LL sgg{kg {ko|kgzt~qk ztq}oq qjsk hm k{g}q jti|psm
|qsm p ztqt|g{t|qsm zqgst|qsm gsnqk |to     LL i{go|t|qst p i{go|t
ztq}oqt |ggstjk gqt zgspgi|qstms{{jg|gmstoq|g ioqk|t||t|qst
{t{pg}g|qkqtpsmsps {ko|t kstkkgzt~qkztq}oqt qjsto konoksk
k{g}q|gzkstmsgz{mrm ig|t||tq}t k osnp k g|qk ztj|to k}gslksk CLzspgztjg}t jgkps   
W    CL kz|k p kz|k ptkjk gh{kk

kstkkztq}oqgzt~qkzqggksg|q
g{{k}gs {ko|zqtqmg
posof{ fpm n   &EIMBQTM 
0EQRRNM gsg}tqhgltsgkz{mnot
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|ztt toq||t z{mnot zto krknm|gs }tsg
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snm
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|gmzqtoms{{jgksgispstsgz
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kimgk{qlt |gqtii{m ztoksgkstz| g{{gq|k}ntst'QETSEQB 
sys kqjk |g hqg~jk jg}t k zks~q
rmq}qigsg k~gm{okqtpzkqztotkzzkjtmn{ggmsgzsgsg|mtoq|gk



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoColchicUm steVeniims{{jg

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zkqkqtoiiksmtq}t{tigps}{{ps|g
ps gsnps k g C peloponnesiacUm 2ECH F  0 (
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s to kjto ozq~k |ztg zt|{mg ts
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krz{pto ksgot~qgzgspk}gslkg
kz{mnotmtoq|g|gm{{jg
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ms kiiks gsgzgqgipi ~mgltsg gq|k zo|s
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kjt~gqg|mqlkgp~kjszk{tkst.4 }psgk|gmitqkm)5#. |gkhmt
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{{jgksggq|kzkqtqsm hq|ksmgqg
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k|t{m zqhgm ksg zngs sg oztts gqsm|
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tkjtColchicUm steVeniigzmsstkimgk{qlt vp+0EQRRNM 



*@PHL/DPQQML

Consolida arenaria Carlstrm



Ranunculaceae
Consolida arenaria Carlstrm in Willdenowia 14 (1): 16 (1984).
3ys ;{{ %!E t jt= b3SEG;E=MA BEACH
JL%NF!QCHAMGEKNR MEAQRKc -AX Carlstrm/{ozt,$ 4Njkigtot{ozto~k
{gsngsmk|g|gkzmzgqgnkg{gsngsg
gzts3SQID #AQKRSQLmkskmsk|g
b2HNDNR JL%NF!QCHIONKIR 3SEGEMABEACHcpt
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p QCHAMGEKNR ms gq~| zkqiqg} m gsg}tq
mzkqt~toztoksgp
jphpf|-Nstkzgkzkstq~pg to
   CL {k~t gstqntkst osnp jg|{gjst gz m hm k {kz iqgk v{{g
ksg{{gksg tr{m|g {gg W LLgkqg}{{gk~tpCL q{thg {thtiqgtkjk {ti~tkjk g|qgt gskqg }{{g ~g
q{thg g|qgg grgsng k   snm gkqg
hq|g C  LL q{thg g|qgg gskqg hq|g
|zp|qtqtokinto iqgtkj {ti~tkj g|qgg qg|jg ~kjs gsnkg iqgtkj g|qkqg ps ztj|ps gkqt ztj|t |to  LL
gstqntkst|gmssnm|gLL |gzkst
|gms|gqzt}tqgsnm|topLL ~qgt|ogstjtozg{g|to LL k{{kz| k
gzqgspzq~pgsgms|gkqmkz}skg
k|qt q{tht |to p  LL gskqt {th
hqg~ z{koq|t {tht gztqtiio{pst tsk
osnp  sgg |to    LL jti|tksg
{kgsnqk|to   LL |qst{g|k|topLL kzkstq~pg|g{kzq}t
C  LLzqgg   W   LL kk}gs
zgq{{m{g{zg k{gs~qpg

m|gkzkqt~kgq|kk|kgsm~qmmim
gst| gjknk}kgglk{{gzsg }o| kjm zp g VerbascUm syriacUm AlyssUm
sibiricUm |g %rysimUm hayekii ks {{g tstk zto
k}gsltsg gl m ksg g -atthiola sinUata ,otUs
halophilUs NiGella arVensis RTBRO breVifolia CampanUla
rhodensis|gRUmex bUcephalophorUs
fqrs{ }zf Consolida arenaria oi~kgs
zg{gkqg k ms C tomentosa "NIRR 2 3CHQDIMGEQ
2ECHIMGEQA |gmsC ajacis, 3CHTQ6ACCAQIIM
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zkq{ghskgkjmC hellespontica"NIRR #HASEQ|g
C samia 0 ( $AUIR !z ms C hellespontica rk~pqlk
krggto|qtmkinto mhqg~kggrgsng
m|gpsosnp|qtqpsgsnpskoi|q|
kig{kqtz{|qtzmsC samiajg}qktzkstq~pg t|ogstjk~qgpsgsnps t
k}gs hqg~kqt kgt {th m k}sm to
kz|kz{koq|t{tht|gtg|qkqtz{|qt
ffl yzlmnr Consolida arenaria ~mglk~k|ki{toz{mnotkzgqg{kkgr
mvkqg|{t|gto{gnto kg}ok|ksgk|sgkgq|k~{jk{tt{{toztz{mnot
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posof{fpm2n 3SQIDA 
jpsisfrms|spfq~gtopgtosto
zgsp~qgq~toto{to 
johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| kjt zto krgz{skggsgt{|g|mjto|gmsst
Consolida arenaria ksg isp st gz {ik nk
togsgt{|tgtmjto kgrm}sto
|gtokssjto |gn|ggzm~kqsmttoito
ltsgmsto |tst~pqvosm4AMAK
 
sys Consolida arenaria k}gslkg |oqp k
zgqgng{k nsk k gjk zgqg{k |g k gjkgiqtpzkqztoLg|qgzmsg|tiqg kq| }tq zgqtolkg k zkqjk
g|3SQIDA tkjtztqksghqknkosnp
k nk gjgqg|k gs |g }gskg sg gzgs kz-



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoConsolida arenaria

tksjm|kjtConsolida arenariagzmszkqt~vkqg|{tmstojtovp-(ARRKEQ 



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zgqgng{t t|tmg w gzt{kg tqst
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kpm ps gps |g ps oztz{mnos to |g
msjq|kgpsk{kogpsks
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krg}sm t kii {{ts |gn t zkqkqt
oztz{mnot m hq|tsg k |sjost krgg m
kz|gmpstoq|sjqgmqtps zpksg
m|gg|korkstjt~kps|gjqps m|ggqt}ps
gtnsskm~gs|gsgzkqztosgzqsms
snmmtokjto m|ggqt}mh{mmkrgg
ztjtzggt gznkmgztqqps|ggzth{ps
m}komkrp|skjs|0HISNR#NMRSAMSIMIDIR
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54

Consolida tenuissima (Sm.) So

Ranunculaceae
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zqzk sg zqt}qtos ex sitU zqtgg g zqgg
zqzk sg o{{k~nts zt{ zqtk|| gz zkqt~
isps z{mnos |g k |q ztmk zto jks
ngzqzksgozkqhgstostmost{|jgnkmgzkqpspsgot}oskjs}qpm
pszkqpskzmqklkggz{ngqit|gngzqzk
sg jkqkosmnk zkqgqp ( zkqkg ps zkqps
gzg|g{{kqimsg}o ngztqtksgkzqg}k
to got}ok z{mnot to kjto |g sg zgqk
kzztokztkqzgqg|t{tnmmnggsjosgs
sggrt{tikt|gztmoi|k|qsmjgj|gg
ks~k ts ozq~tsg z{mno g |g{{kqimsg
}ongzgqitoskzmzqgg gtztgosgg
sggztnm|kontskqzklkzkqps
js|rlorfrril

tksjm|kjtConsolida tUntasiana gztqtto{t~qgmk{tztsstovp%+g{ztol|m 



54

Convolvulus mairei Maire & Petitm.

Convolvulaceae
Convolvulus mairei Maire & Petitm. in Bull. Soc. Sci. Nancy ser. 3(8): 176 (1907).
3ys;{{3S% ttpg=b0AQMARRE GQUER
EWNMDERDTOESISKAC:NTUAKA ATOIEDDEKaAMSQE#NQXCIEMc L !TG -aire .#9 
jphpf|t{okkjtkoziktqlpgk{~m
{kz q~p |gg|kksg jg|{gjsg t |gkqt g to |to ~q  CL v{{g ~g
~t hqg~kqt p ozkqjz{t to k{gt
{gg}{{tog|qgt kzksmq~pm ptkj
qips| g gskqg }{{g p ~kjs qtiio{
g |gkqg }{{g   W   LL g gskqg
}{{g tr{m|t k hm ptkj k ~g h{to
snmtsqm |g|ttoh{gt |{o|gkjt
|q hqg|jg m hm to zg{g sg q~p t krpkq| kzm|k |to zkqzto   LL g
kpkq|g|qkqg kk}gskhqgsjkzkqnqt k}sm ~tgstkj {ko| p g~stqjsm  
LL kzpm tsk st t kig{kqt zkqzto
LL sggjkoqosgmhmto zto}qtos
~to gjsk wtn|m m}gq| zo|s q~p
{t {kt j~j |gg{ips k g|q igg
gqz |g m}gq| q~p |to   LL
zqtkr~ps to |{o|g zqgg gqg k |t{k kz}skk|gg|gssg}og
posof{fpmispt
jpsis frms|spf snlk t |g{t|gq gz ts
tstptsitot

~gm{ ztjm tstkzt{okkjm ztoksg{{tsgkgqg jzgqg}qigsg|qtnsto


zkqkqtz{mnotto}tsgkghk{nto
t kjt ~k |ggiqg}k k okqt gz  L p
zkqztoL
fqrs{ }zf g mgs| ~qts| jmg t
ConVolVUlUs maireioi~kgsktsoiiks p zt{
zkqkqtjgjkjtstC arVensis ,gjtkjmgs|tosms RECSConVolVUlUsRTBRECSConVolVUlUs 3AaAD
 |gk}gsltostq}t{ti|ttmk ttztk ztqk sg tjmitos k {gsngst zqtjtq
qtk|| zgqgqmm p gzt|g{zk t C
mairei ksgmgs||qkqttozkqkqto
~gqg|qkto ~kk}gsq~pg ztoksgzkst
kz}skkps}{{ps|gpsh{gs|gtm
ptn|mt|gt|gqzksgq~ptkgsnkm tC
arVensis ksgosnpkig{kqt|gq~tkjt ks
mszkqzpmztok}gskq~pg gozgsgg
ksgzkstkz}skkpsh{g|stomps ptn|m to ksg {kg zgsp k {ik gqg
q~k kst|gqztoksg{ktC arVensis ksg
sg jgjkjtst kjt k zt|{g htzps |g o~s
ozkq}qkgpllstkzz{ggttmgtoC
mairei ktsC arVensis pksgksqkozknosmig
{ito{{titozqto tstzttthtgs|t
ztqksggistts k|{ghststsptzt{|ts
jkkqtkjt

johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| m {{jg }psg k zg{g o{{ti t kjt gs isp st


gzmszkqt~tovksktk{tzssmt |gtqt
gqsgAM)ASQN kkqkqkosk~tos
gsg|g{kstoz{mnottoConVolVUlUs maireit
qt {|sg ms zkqt~ m {sm o}g{g |g
tqtqktqtk||kqmkqiggzkjtozngssgtjmikmskqkmzkqkqpsz{mnos
sysConVolVUlUs mairei}kgkm{{tok
zkqjknk k|q{hjg|gkjksjqkz{gi ~kjszstkkzkqt~ztojgmqts|ztg
oiqggsgksjg}qtszg{go{{titokjto~tosisk|ts|q kzt~g|{skto
qto gqsgt |gn |g ms {sm to vkskt
m tztg kqg ~k gztrmqgsnk C mairei jks ksg
ojqht kjt p gskoq|kg osmnkqg k {gzjk nk zto jks ksg sg |gg|{osk k
skq |ts k|ht{ zmis k |q qt zgqo}{sskzt~g|sk{ps k|q }o|
|tkgztqiim~kqqpshtzttojks|g{ztsggzzo|sh{mm|g~gqg|mqltsggz



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoConVolVUlUs mairei

fflyzlmnrz{mnottoConVolVUlUs
mairei igtotztto~tokz{mqt}tqk ksggot
zto}tsggqmqkt {|sg|ggqsg
|gn |g k|kst |ts m {sm o}g{g |nk
z{mnoksg~k||qsggztokig{kqtz{mnottoqtogqsgtjksrkzkqsg
 tg gs |g tg zto jks hq|tsg k gsnt}tqg ksg j|t{t sg |ggkqmnts  kq z{mnot zkq{ghstos {ikqg gz  tg {t
tz{mnot|gg{ghstoszkqtqskk|k t
tztk |gntqlkg gz kost| t|t{ti| osn|k |oqp ts g}tq ms zgqt~ jgt to{~tsig|zttosktoto
k hm k|k ps ozgq~sps jkjtsps
t ost{| gqn ksm{|ps }os to ConVolVUlUs
mairei ng zqzk sg |ogskg k {ikqg gz 
tgtkjtksgzt{ok|gtoziktqlpgzgqgskmsjgnmigkqks tqztgsgzgqgipito p ksgispt|moht{
pszkqpsmsjmtoqigspsgps ngzqzk
sgkqkosmnkkzmmzngsmggikstzt{{gz{ggt |oqppzgqg}ojps
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
ConVolVUlUs maireiksgsg|q}o kk{~mk}gzksg ms kz}skg to kj}to oi|k|qst
qztgszorm mjgqmmtooziktoqlgt
|gmzgqtogg{|g{tkjsoh{{tos psghgn
mszqtggtogzmsozkqh|mm ztoo~szgqgmqkgtohtztotomgs|kqmgsnqzsmksqikg ztongztqtksgzqt|g{kkpm
|ggqt}psz{mnosto ~klkgkmsjg~kqmtojgt|qzmiktqksmtqks
zkqt~o~sjkonktsgksg~mgltos
ztqkiglgk|qt} ks{sk jt{sk |q
z{ikk|k ztoj~tsgmsgztqqt~kqqps
oi|ksqstostskqmhqt~ qtztzttsg|g
o~sgztrmqgstsgksgjtntsig|g{{qikg
jgqpmszkqt~hjtogqsgt tt||jqgmqmk|gmgszormnkqqto~kkqsttoqtjmtoqitsom{lmmim|ggzk{tskgtohtztotoC mairei
tkjt~gqg|mqlkgpqp65 }psgk
ms)5#. krggto|qtgqntpsispsz{mnosto igtqstogztotztto
jks ozq~tos zgq st zg{g jkjtsg zto gsg}qtsggq~to to|qtost{|tgqntpsgpsztojksrkzkqstsg mzt{
|q|gmzto|gg{ghstostz{mnotto|g
mk|mmtz{mnotngoqq|spntszkqgqptkii{{tskrggjqkpszto~kltsg
kmsgrtztmmmim msgztgkommsjkonmmojps|gmsrmqggztoztqksgt}k{kgk
|{g|g{{gi

pf ypsff p grtztmm ps ojps


g|m |g zkqzk zmis tst mgg
|qkzt~g|qt ngzqzksg{ghskozm
kzzkztongztqtksg~kmtztgjztkjkonmmto}o|t|glp|tz{mnot|gt
zkqh{{ts iks|kqg zt~g| {gg |g jt{sk
z{ik zto oi|qgts t skq m hqt~ o~s }{trkstszsgkjm}os|gtztgjztkgsnqzsmkzhgmngzqzksggrt{tikgzqtk||zqs
zqgigtztmnk
qtkskg g|m m htgs| qkosg zkqt~s m
k{tztssto|gmkqk{{jg ksggsglmmnts zkqkqt z{mnot to ConVolVUlUs mairei
sg |ggiqg}ts g skkqg jkjtsg zg{gs z{mnostozgh|mmzkqt~zto}kgt
kjtngzqzksgjgmqmnk g}tgztk{ksgsqzt
jg~kqmmh{mm|ggztqzkmsozqkqm
gszormro{pjskjszo|s|{ommkjg}|kz}skgkztjmkjm ztoksjk~tspgsgipsltsgtsC mairei
tkjtjks}gskgsg~kgsnt|t|ksjg}qts
|g m ttm to k t C arVensis t |gn ksjk~tsp gskznmt k |g{{qikk |g tgs|t
ztostt mEWRISTjgqmtokkrkj|kosgstg|gztogztk{ksgksjk|sokst
qt zqtgg to jgkqg zkqzk zto
tqst}o|tz{mnotgzk{tsgkoqq|spm
krg}sm
js|rlorfrril
nhhjzsfpf{jnysnzs

tksjm|kjtConVolVUlUs maireigztqtqktmk{tztsstovp%gqg|kozto{t 



54

Coriaria myrtiAolia L.

Coriariaceae
Coriaria myrtiAolia L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1037 (1753).
j{nys /HBA IM *AQUIR  AK  2EGMTL 6EG
   ;g{{g= b(ABISAS -NMROEKIIc ;(EQB ,IMM no
,).. =
jphpf|st{kt{jt L osnptrtkjk h{gt~kjsqntkk{g}qkqgips|jgtv{{g CL ptkj{ti~tkj trg
g|jp ~g gsnkgzgspkztsj{tops
 grgsnkhqk |to CL|gmssnmm g|qkqk|gms|gqzt}tqg g~g{gkms
gz{mrm hqg~ps tqlsps |{jps snm zksgkq
qqksg n{kg |g kqg}qjg k gq|k k}gs gq~|t~kgmspsgn{kg|g|gqzt}{{psg
qqksgzg{gk{knkqg ptkj trg zgqgstsg
g{g  k{knkqg zqsg hqg~kqg ps kz{ps
|gmssnmm gtztgkig{stos istsggq|jm |g gzt|ts ~qg hgn kqonqt|gst |g ms
|gqzt}tqg ~oq qtzjp ms kpkq| z{koq zkq|{ktsg ts |gqz ~q ms pqgsm k{|
gzt~pqlksg ig ms gzt|{o to tsk 
|gqz}o{{gkz}o k{knkqg kgzkqth{m
st tsk kr~tsk |ggsktsk itst tski|{kt qnt{tk{knkqt smgtkjk
t ist kr~tsk |g zt{ gqz oi|qzt gz
g~gsg |to  LL k kz|k zqtkrt~ q~k
{zs gqg
posof{ fpm n   /GIMTLA  AK
 

gsg}qkgzmsg{gt|gqgmq|oqg
sys Coriaria myrtifolia koqpzg| ~qk
m  ktikto }kg k rmq jm k ngssk
kgr giqs |g k hqg~jk nk 7EBB B 
ms{ikqgk}gslkgkjm kngsskkgr
giqs |g g |qzkjg kzt~g|s qkps 1TYEK
 3AMSA   ms k|{kg m qsmng m C
myrtifolia gsgzkg k sg |kq |g ~k| oiq
gjtoPinUs halepensis |tskkzt~g|qg
|g k okqt zkqzto  L g }o }tsg g
|qzkjg jg|t jqto zto hq|kg jz{g t
qg g{{ |g g k go |g ms |tm to zto m
oiqgg ksg kig{kqm ms tztnkg go k|
gz om{ jsqg m PinUs halepensis {{g kjm zto
osozq~tos k nt Coriaria myrtifolia ksg PlatanUs
orientalis -yrtUs commUnis 1UercUs ilex Hedera helix
Smilax aspera ,onicera implexa BUpleUrUm frUticosUm
Styrax ocinalis &raxinUs ornUs Pistacia lentiscUs
ArbUtUs Unedo ArbUtUs andrachne Phillyrea latifolia
Cercis siliQUastrUm Hippocrepis emerUsRTBROemeroides
Olea eUropaeaRTBROoleaster BrachypodiUm sylVaticUm
AsparaGUs acUtifoliUs CistUs creticUs C salViifoliUs |
koqkqm zkqt~ |oqgq~kg gz t jt m
PinUs halepensis k ozqt}t |oqp gz j}tqg kjm
}qoisps"NQJNVRJX gsg}qkphtztto
}otmsg{gt|gqgmq|oqgg|qzkjg
ksngssg

jpsisfrms|spfqt zq{t
johpf|{ jqyzol t|tiskg #NQIAQIACEAE zkq{ghsk kjm krgz{psg ms  |g  kq| ms
gqgkiktzkqt~ gg{g|gmsg mg
tosg|gmgm{gsjg k}gsltsgg~gqg|mq| jg|k|tsm zkqt~ krz{pm -NQKEX  
Coriaria myrtifoliaksgtstzgqgkiktkjtm
t|tiskg kkrz{pmmszgsg|gg{kgqjk
sto mg{{g msg{g tgq|t ms{ikqg|g
ms osmg ms k{kogg p k g}ht{m ms ngisktozm mstqtig{gnkpqkgki|{gstkziks'QETSEQAK ms{{jg}kg
tozqztjktoqtoqsmng mstztnkg
gk|{kg tostt|zq~kkzmjkig
htgs|o{{titotogzmkig{zt{m
tosttq|gjg msk{tzssmtnkgo
ms {{jg gztk{ts g gsgt{|kqg isp qg
krz{pm to kjto t tztt ~k ms |qg zkqt~
krz{ptotjo|zgqgkikt~qtgssgqt  g{kjm h  g g|m tztnkg ig t
kjtgojskggzts"NQJNVRJX ttzttt



kpiqg}|krz{pmtokjto Coriaria myrtifolia ms{{jg

fqrs{}zfCoriariaksgtstistm
t|tiskg#NQIAQIACEAE|gzkq{ghskpkjm
gs{tig k ms grst| nkqmm 9NJNXALA  AK
  wt m C myrtifolia ksg sg g} jg|qkjtgzgoz{tzgmt|tiskgq|kgig
sg zg{gtktikg| ro{jk }o k tr|t |gqzt totzttot|gght{gsitsgt{i|gst
0AKALAQEU 

}tq t kjt gz ms {{jg gs|k to {{to


#HATBAQD"NQXDE3AIMS6IMCEMS ztoiqggs
bzt{ zo|s ojk k zt{{ mkg ps ~gm{s
zkqt~sc ~pqsgjtos{{kz{mqt}tqkoo~jkispqltokgst}okrg|t{tonksgozq~k
kqg |g ztg ksg m |ggm to z{mnot to
mszkqt~mkig{zt{m zp|gtoz{mnot
mg{gt|gqgmq|oqg

ffl yzlmnr z{mno m k|{kg


mqsmngksggq|kki{tg{{jksksgk|t{ttg|qhozt{tipsgpsmCoriaria myrtifolia kzkj~mglkzo|sojk{iph{gm|tzt{{gz{ggtmzt{tilkgpksg
g}{ikqggztgzgqtogto}ot
kgo|gkikts|tztnkgmqsmng kms
tstggsg ztztkg|ggzjkiggkqzgqto
psks|gtokpsjgsmsg{{t
jkig t kqzqt to gq{gzto gzt{m }qk
mssjkrmbkig{zt{ zq{tckgosts
qzt kzhkhgskg m zgqrm to kjto ms k{tzssmt to{~ts zg{gkqg zqm p gsg-

rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz


}psgkt|qqt$ps|gmitqskz|sjosmgm)5#. tkjt~gqg|mqlkgpqp
65 |oqp krgg m zkqtqsm k}s to
tsk{{ms|~qt|oqkqt|sjostztogzk{ts
toz{mnotmCoriaria myrtifoliams{{jgksgtjg|zoq|gi|gm|ggqt}tohtzto
zto}kgigj}tqto{itok|~qpm jstrm
|gjgz{osmjqps| 
pf ypsff z{mnot to }ot ms
zkqt~ m kig{zt{m q|gjg |g m g{gt|gqg q|oqg zqzk sg gsglmmnts |g sg |ggiqg}ts k}ts g|g ozq~tos zm zqzk sg
kqkosmnkmkoqkqmzkqt~|tsmk|{kgigts
zngskstz|g{{psnkpstozqgggz
g}omqsmng|gps{{psz{mnoszqzk
sg|ggkntskqzklkksk|t{|t|m zqtkskgtkjtsg|g{{kqimnkktgs|tzto
k sg ztqk sg kzgskg~nk ms zkqzpm zto
tz{mnoto|ggqg}kgz}p{{mgg
psfrrfpssrsfzjil

tzt|ggr|gqzgtokjtoCoriaria myrtifoliagzmsqsmngvpg{kjm 



Corydalis thasia (Stoj. & Kitan.)


Stoj. & Kitan.

54

Fumariaceae
Corydalis thasia.OJE &DO<I .OJE &DO<I DI"J? .JENF 0IDQ !DU (<O !<F  NO@NOQ $NOJMDE<
(1945).
ys;{{.!E tt=~kzkqiqg}kgz
msstt{ozt3/- 

gskq~kstqkgtohqktogsto ttzttkz|qgkiggki{mzkqtjttoto

nrrnf Corydalis tenella ,EDEB UAQ thasia 3SN 


+ISAMIM)YU"TKG"NS$QT 
C solida, #KAIQURTBROlonGicarpa ,IDMIM7IKKDEMNVIA      m tztg ~k zkqiqg}k gz
}omsjqto

fqrs{}zfCorydalis thasiajksk~kgsgispqnk p rk~pq SAWNM ~q t  tzk zkqiq}m|gsg}omtog}omsjqtojg}qtosgzgomtot~toszkqkqt


g|qgggkrpkq|zg{g|g{ikqtjg~pqlksg
hq|gq~|nkpqnm|gsgzts,IDMK pg
tz|grst|tsjgmC solida g{{|gzszkqgqpk{mgztsjtoiiqg}gzqtjtqnm|k
,IDM ptjtkjtkgomto

jphpf| t{ok {kg zg k ozgi zt{ok


|sjo{tk{~m{kz    CL ksg{zt|tsmhmto osnp~pqjg|{gjkv{{g
{kz j~j p q~j k k}gs ~g }o{{qg gtztgksgkoqpgsptkj jmqmsgkqk
gh{k{thtsnm kgrgsnghqo ttztt
iskgkz|m|g~g{gq|gms|gqzt}tqgtj|t g}kst p |gzkst |to   
LL |g ms gq~ m snmm hqg~kqt q|g
hgnp jg~pqlksg k tr{m|to {tht kstk
gg} tjtsp snm ztq}oqtjm k ztq}oq
gzt{rkgkrpkq|zg{g z{|qttogskqto
zk{to |to   LL t ~gm{kqt zg{t 
LL kon ~pq|thpg kg|qgg|tqo}
tskg W LLzkq{ghstogsg
kon q}t |to   LL k   zqgg qg
zqggjks~toszgqgmqmnk~qi

ffl yzlmnr ms st sjqt m Corydalis


thasiaksgkrgz{psmksgsz{mnoztok|kskg
kto{~tskq|k|gtsjkqps|ggztk{kggzkq|k|gtsjk|gzngss~{jkgps
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjzt
kjt nkpqkg qp 65 }psg k ts |g{tit
kqonqsjkjtspsm)5#. kzkjk}gslkgkjtst |qzkqt~zkqgqpgszorm
kszo|skqtojtomg|gjtzkqt~
ztotkjtgzgs zngssngkzmqkkgqsm|ms
Corydalis thasia zptjtgqsm|ztqksgksg|g
g |ggqt} ps jsjqps |g ps nsps gz g
zoq|giktz|kzzkjt

posof{fpmispt
jpsisfrms|spfztsqtpgq~
tozq{to
johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| kjt m {{jg
spstgzjtstotoigtomstt
igt|gmssjqt o|{jkmt~k
hqknkzq}ggkjtnktqtqt zkqzto
JLto~pqtgq
sys Corydalis thasia gsgzkg t qt
qtmtokg|kq ghkt{n| gztm
z{gi k okqt  L ks m nm |ts
gqk}gslkgkgqkg kzspk~{nt
kokqtLgjtnkg}ohq|tsgkjtPinUs halepensis RTBRO brUtia|g P niGra
,IDM gsg}qkigtkjttokqtps
 L
mssjqt mC thasia hq|kggzt|{k|gskg k jzgqto nsto k oiq zkqt~
gskqk hqkk z{gi to om{kqto qto tohgq kokqt Ltjg}tksgg{g|
~{nt |g m oiq |ggm jgmqkg gz ms
t~{m|ggssk}g gtztgjmtoqitsggzt



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCorydalis thasia

pfypsffks~k{m}nk|gssgkj|qtzqtgg~qkqghqkgz{gitoqto
tohgq ms sjqt }{trksk g {ksg h{mm
zt{zsgmszkqt~ kz~Paeonia mascUlaRTBRO
hellenica 'eocaryUm macrocarpUm %QUisetUm telmateia
|gDoronicUm orientale{{|mqmmhqkgz{gizqt-

kskgpozt}gigts~gqg|mqmp`gznkgm}magzto3MNGEQTOAK |ggmtoz{mnotmtksg{ikqtisp
|gngzqzksgk{kmnkzkqgqp
2TDL2LMFDPSN!PHRR2LMFDPSN

tksjm|kjtCorydalis thasiagzmstt JLpsgqsvp!3SQID 



Crepis arcuata Kamari & Strid



Compositae
Crepis arcuata Kamari & Strid in Willdenowia 19: 79 (1989).
ys ;{{ # g|kjtsg .N {{m= b-S
+ALAJAKAM %NFSHERTLLIS L GQAUEKKXRKNOE
LICACENTRRCHIRSc *TK Strid {ozt
#ozt" ' ,$ 50! 
jphpf| t{ok zg k kqpm ro{jm hqg~kg hm ms tztg mqlkg qjg|g N{ips }{{ps|g gsnt}qth{gt{gkqpt hqg~ to   CL ~pq jg|{gjk zgsp
k jg|{gjk stsg|gzkstzqtgsp
|g{ostgqgk{ko|mgjksjkk{ik|qst|gsk gjksjkq~kv{{ghmt{iqng   W      CL osnpzgqgstsg
k ms zkqtjt m |gqzt}tqg zqsg k{g}q
tjtsp k {ik ki|t{zk |g {tht |gg{itsghgngpk~t q~pgttkgopsh{gskqh{mg|k}g{to W   LL koqp|pjpstkj krt{t|{qto|g{ostkkz|k
k{g}q |ggst|qsk gjksjk |g gz{ q~k
pkq| hq|g zkqh{gt   hgnozqsg
krpkq|kq~pmzpgops}{{ps|gkzz{tskkq|g|qhgno|gskgjksjkmq~k
t|ksq||oqpskqtpshqg|ps {kgkpkq|
|tgsntj~mq~pk{gzkq {ko|q~k
k}sm |to   LL k i{pjg z{to ~q   LL kssp~qot|qsgpkqonqt|qsg
~gsg|ggs |to     LLkzkqzto
qghjkzzt|to LL {ko|pz

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Crepis athoa Boiss.

54

Compositae
Crepis athoaBoiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 57 (1849).
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Crepis auriculiAolia Sieber ex Spreng.

o

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Crepis auriculiAolia Sieber ex Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 634 (1826).
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54

Crepis heldreichiana (Kuntze) Greuter

Compositae
Crepis heldreichiana (Kuntze) Greuter in Candollea 30: 326 (1975).
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SAWNM|gpsoiiksstokjsC sibthorpiana"NIRR
(EKDQ|gC incana 3L+ALAQI jkrkksg
sgjk|gz{tkjn W kjt ttzttzngs
zqtq~kggpkpgztzgqtksjm |jz{tkjkjtC sibthorpiana kn~qptgg
C heldreichiana ~k zt{{ tq}t{ti| "ABCNCJ
A B +ALAQI |g|gqot{ti|+ALAQI
ttmkkmsC sibthorpiana|g{ikqkkmsC
incana m tztg ~k kig{kqk grgsnk k qjsg
jmsnm+ALAQI 
fflyzlmnrCrepis heldreichiana ~mglk{ito g{{{{tski{toz{mnot tt
qtgikt t|gtqtqsps totztto
p krggmksg|h|mmgzgitzqhgg
g }o ksg zt{ j|t{t sg gsgzo~nts |gsts|
zgsp osgssg gsnsg }o to kig{oqtopsCL ksmzgqgipig~gspsksgzt{
zkqtqsmkrggm|ggs{pmpsgrgsns
gz g lg t ikits go ksk ms kiiks gsgzgqgipi ms ztmg ps g~gsps zto zgqitsg
|nkt|g kztsp msjmtoqigspsgps
C heldreichiana gsgzgqikg pk|tto |oqp h{gm| ~mgltsg ~gm{t zqt|k}g{tq}to

posof{ fpm 2n  W   "ABCNCJ


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jpsisfrms|spfztststp|gtskzhqtzgspptzqtoto|phqto 
johpf|{jqyzolsjm|m{{jg}gslkgzkqtqstkkq|tjzgqtooztz{mnot t qt gikt ki{g psqg qt}m
{g kqgjthtsg kqthtsg g|t~s |g t
qtqspsgki{mtq{g gjgqtq~m|gzsp
gztsitqt mk{tztssto
sys vkg |oqp k ~gqjqk |g k |gq| |t{gg k okqt   L qt
gst| hqg~jk|gm{{toknkzkggz
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kszpm rmqs j|gzps zqt|k}g{tq}ps
~mgs }gslkg gl k {{g ksjm| to
gito|gtoqspsg zpgPhitosia crocifolia
Onosma leptantha Crepis hellenica ScUtellaria rUpestris
RTBRO rUpestris -inUartia jUniperina RTBRO GlandUlifera
Scabiosa tayGeteaRTBROtayGetea Silene tayGetea|
kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCrepis heldreichiana



~mgt sg zngss t kii {{ts t kjt


sg|ggg~nkkom{kqm|gmitqggzk{
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
t{{ig}oksnmkqgg~gsgzgqgmqnm|gstoki{tooztz{mnottokjtotqt
gikt ikits ttzttkosjogknkqs
zoq|gi ttztkztqksgohtsmszkqt~ zngssgksgozknostigmjo|t{gtokjtosg
kzk|gnkg|g|gsgkzhkg|qtzqnkg
qtkskgmCrepis heldreichiana sg|gggik zqt
t zgqs ms |gmitqg ps qps 65 zp k~k
zqtgnk +ALAQI C |g t qit The Red Data
Book of Rare and Threatened Plants of 'reece0HISNR
AK |gnz{mqtg|qqg"A BU A BU m
)5#. krggmzt{zkqtqsmost{|
zkqt~k}sm|gmjg|k|tsmkrz{pm ps {itqps gz  oztz{mnos m k ms
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t g~kqt josgs p ns| qo t kjt ng
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tongztqtgssgjgmqmnts igmsex sitUzqtggto kqzklkksk|t{|t

pf ypsff qt t zgqs jks ~tos {m}nk


qgzqtgg gtztgngjg}g{ltosmskzhpmmCrepis heldreichiana t{{ts wtz{tsgzt}g|hgigmszqtgg ~sttoks{ip
kjto g{{ |g ks z{nto {{ps krgqk| kzmts| mgg zgsps |g ksjm|s kjs to

tksjm|kjtCrepis heldreichianagzNqtgiktmk{tztsstovpoqg|zto{t 



jophffpl

Crepis merxmuelleri Kamari & Hartvig

54

Compositae
Crepis merxmuelleri Kamari & Hartvig in Willdenowia 18: 63 (1988).
ys ;{{0I g|kjtsg tqkhkss=b-S
3LNKIJAR GQEAS 3% QAUIME  JL 37 NF 3ALAQIMA BX
SHEFNQERSQNADAKNMGSHEQIUEQ AKS L QNCJX
AMD LAQRHX RKNOER QNADRIDER AMD RSNMX QIUEQ BEDR IM
LIWEDFNQERSPinUs niGra &aGUs Acer obtUsatUm SorbUs
aUcUparia &raxinUs excelsior ESC REQOEMSIMERTBRSQc 
3EOS HartViG & SeberG {ozt#ozt' 50! 

gztotzttoiskigzqm}tqisp+ALAQI
 (AQSUIG  zgqtoltos tqsk tq}t{ti| jg}tq |oqp ms zt|{ttq}g ps }{{ps
nk k}sm m C merxmUelleri ksg osnp
gzqgsjqps tzkqjk~nkztgsk|
jm PinUs niGra &aGUs sylVatica Acer obtUsatUm SorbUs aUcUparia &raxinUs excelsior |  |g t hqg~jk
z{gi|g~gqjqkjg|sk|kpsk PinUs niGra

jphpf|t{okzg k~k|{kz ro{jm


zgg{jm qlg {g {kz to   
CL k {ik k{g}q qnk jg|{gjk osnp
tgskqtgtoh{gt |g{ostk|ggs~qpk p kz t z{kts gjksjk q~k v{{g
hm zt{oqng zgqgstsg kstk p ms zkqtjt m |gqzt}tqg   W    CL gs{ti~tkj
tjtsp osnp k ki|t{zk |g k ki{t qips| ptkjk{|g |gg{itsghgngpk
~t zo|s |g{osg k kz|k |ggs gjksjkq~kkqh{mg|k}g{to W LL |o{sjq|| pjpstkj krt{t|{qto|g{ostgzkz|k k{g}q|ggs|g|qspzgjksjkq~k
k{g}qzg~oskskmhmpkq|hq|gzkqh{gt W  LL {ko|pz~stjm kzqgspzpog{jmzkqnqg zkqkqt{ikqt
{kg |ggs ms |tqo} rpkq| hq|g |to
 LL iqgtkj kintotptto|topskpkq|ssntj~mk|ok{jk|qtp jzgqg h{k}gqjp k}sm |to ~q 
LL ki{pjgz{to~qLL |qsg~gsg
|ggs |to  LL k qghjkzzt
|to LL {ko|

fqrs{}zfCrepis merxmUelleri ~kzkqiqg}k~k|zqt}p+ALAQI(AQSUIG ~k


jgkqt}otikpiqg}|ksjg}qts|gntsksgsg
gst~t SAWNM k t ks oiiks to C tUrcica
$EGEM  "AKD +ALAQI  |g |oqp k t RTBRO
mUrGanica +ALAQI |g g jt gzgsts k ghkt{n|zkqggzsgk}{~m gqmm"|g
.sjto gzttzttjg}qkktqsgmgs|tq}t{ti|ispqggh{zk+ALAQI 
+ALAQI(AQSUIG 
fflyzlmnrkhmgskkqgjkjtsg
m~{pqj|qkosgtotqksti|toto|{g
~tos|ggiqg}ktg|{tontoztz{mnottokjto
jtoztz{mnotgzgstsgggtoqto
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sg  z{gi k ~gm{kqg okqg 
L |g |t to jqto kgr ps ~pqs jk
|gqgg kzk|kstsgms~qkqgisp

posof{fpmn W3SQIDTMOTBKIM
+ALAQI|g#NMRSAMSIMIDIRAK 
jpsis frms|spf tst |g t{t zgsp
pggoitto 
johpf|{jqyzolsjm|kjtm{{jg zkqtqst k ~k| |qt oztz{mnot
ggsgt{| htqktgsgt{||gsttgsgt{|ggtoqto|{gvoztoo{{~nm|gsgzg
gskqg gsgt{| gg to qto zto~ k
gs{titzqpgkgoto|{g ttltostq}t{ti|kmsCrepis merxmUelleri gzgkgpzkqgqpk{migmsjko|qsmmgrst|to
~m
sysCrepis merxmUelleri gsgzkgkkqzkss|jg}t kokqt Lhtzt
psjt|qsoztz{mnosm|tsmggqsg



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCrepis merxmUelleri

krz{pm to kjto #NMRSAMSIMIDIR  AK  sg


~gm{kqk zkqjk z{gi m hgnk ~gqjqg"{gqsgts|{g|gto{~tssg
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jg|{gjkm ttzttksgmgs|kgqn gps |g ksj~kg ks qk sg ozzk k to
oztz{mnot ps +ALAQI  (AQSUIG   zm
k}gsltsg jzgqg tg zkqjk z{gi
to qgt to|togsq jmtoqisg sgs g|m
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isto Crepis ksg zqt}{ qt} ps }ot}ips
lps zkqt~zto}kgmCrepis merxmUelleriozq~kt|sjosth|mmps}osgzgik{jk|ggitzqhggstt tqstoztz{mnot
tokjtogsgztsgkgq|kgzttspskzkqt~kgz|qmsknk ztozqt}o{tsggz
mh|mm zpz~toztz{mnotm{gqsg
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tztkngztqtgssg~tosgqsm|kzzkz~

jgz{osm|gg}g{qpmtojqto gsgsgrm
k|hqg~pszkqpjsz{gis |{z 
qtkskgsg~gqg|mqnktkjtpqp65
zp k~k zqtgnk |g t qit The Red Data Book of
Rare and Threatened Plants of 'reece +ALAQI D
|gnts z{mqt g |qqg "A BI II IU A BI II IU |g
|oqp krgg to |qmqto $ 4N |qqt $ jks
~k g}t to{~ts  tg gzgqltos ts
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goztoksgkqgisp
pfypsffsgj|t{t gzzqg||ztm sgzqtgkonts{ttoztz{mnotmCrepis
merxmUelleri qtkskg kstt mzkqt~m{g
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htgs|k{mmjksksg ~qkqg t{t|{mqpsm sgknkoz|gnkzqtgg|gsggztqgzk k|k tztgjztk g{{gi m jt m h{mm
|g|nkzgqstmgsnqzsmksqikg
zz{ts tkjtzqtkskgsgkg}kqnk|gsg
jgmqmnkex sitU ktgs|tzto ksgztqksgk{kmnkmht{tigto|gtqztgsgzgqgipi to qg g~gsg kzm zqtkskg sg jgmqmntskqzklkksk|t{|t
jophffpl lpsuss
js|rlorfrril

tksjm|kjtCrepis merxmUelleri gzt


qt |{g m  sjto }p  psgssjm |g gz |g{{kqimst o{|
}pgqm 



54

Crepis sibthorpiana Boiss. & Heldr.

Compositae
Crepis sibthorpiana Boiss. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 56 (1849).
3ys ;{{  t qm t gsps= bIM
RAWNRIRLNMSITL3OHACINSICNQTL#QESAEIMLNMSE3SQAUNONDIAc Heldreich !4(5 ' "/)3 
nrrnf Crepis diVaricata "NIRR  (EKDQ RTBRO
sibthorpiana"NIRR(EKDQ (AXEJIM2EOEQS3OEC.NU
2EGMI6EG"EIH  
jphpf| t{okzgkro{jm zgg{jmqlg
{gtto CLms|g{{qikg~qCL
gz{t kq|t ~oq jg|{gjst v{{g hm
   W     CL gs{ti~tkj zkqmg k {thttjtspt |g{osgk{ko|pzq~pg~kjs{kg }{{gh{gt{ig |q hqg|tkjkqh{mg|k}g{to W LL |o{sjq|| pjpstkj
|g{ostkhqg~ zo|s {ko|pzq~pg osnp
~pq gjksjk q~k rpkq| hq|g hqg~kqg
gztopskpkq|s {ti~tkj tr{m|g kpkq|hq|ggh{g kstkk|ksq|qg~ggiqg
gz hqg~kk k{gs ~oq q~k krpkq| {kg
~stjm kpkq| sntj~m k |q |t{mk
gqg h{k}gqjp k {kz q~k |to ~q 
LLk}sm|to~q LL |qsmmskzsp kz}skg ztq}oq kqonq ms |p ~gsg |to  LL |ggs kzqtkr~tokqghjk
osnpzqtsptgskqto
posof{fpm2n W;0HISNR+ALAQI  k }o gz ts xm{tqkm |g +ALAQI
 k}ogzgko|qm=

+TMSYE 'QETSEQ |g C incana 3L jkrk ksg


sg gnkq jz{tkj k n  W   |g zngs
sg zqitst zgqtksjm | m zt{oz{tkjt C
heldreichianagztksjm |kn W~qptgg
+ALAQI C sibthorpiana~kzt{{tq}t{ti|
"ABCNCJ B +ALAQI  |g |ogqt{ti|
+ALAQI  ttmk k ms C heldreichiana |g
{ikqt k ms C incana m tztg m grgsng ksg
kig{kqm|ggztk{kggzzt{{ k{g}qqjsg
jmsnm~mgopsjtkjsC sibthorpiana
-C heldreichiana oztjm{skms}otikpiqg}|~m
kgrqm|gk{tztssto|gksgko}psg
k zg{gkqg ozkqgg g tztg ~tos zqt|k
gz ms k{m m tstkt Crepis cytherea +ALAQI
+gqm 'QETSEQA 
fflyzlmnrgnt{{|mqtt}o~qmtztkgpqt}gzglg tz{mnotgjg|
|ggq}tsg to{~ts k{gstsg |nk t
ra gg m stsm h|mm st }o zt gsgztsgzqt}o{gisggkg|gsnptnsto
|oqpBerberis ztqtssgpqtos|gsg~mgtosg~gsgkqg mCrepis sibthorpianazkqtqlkg
st k sg |q z{mno t qt xm{tqkm |g
k {ito jg|tqzsto oztz{mnot g ko|
qmzzqtnp jg|tqzsgtgksgisp
gsgztsgkto{~tsjtnktoqto
qotskqm gtztg~mgltost{iqnktjkk

jpsisfrms|spfztstst~q|gtskzhqt
johpf|{ jqyzol sjm| m +qm kqtqlkg g gskqg okqg to qto xm{tqkm
sg |q z{mno |g ps ko|s qps {it
jg|tqzst oztz{mnot  ig tg ozq~tos
|gtqt+qotskqm gtztg mkpts ksgjgqpzt|{tq}g
sys ( Crepis sibthorpiana gsgzkg k zkqjk |g hqg~jk nk k jt{sk k zkqjk
|ggqi{jkjg}t o~s|pgzg|gsnptnsto}qigsg kghkt{n|jg}t kokqt  L
3fqrs{}zfCrepis sibthorpiana~kjgkqt
kzmts| ksjg}qts gz }otikpiqg}| |g
|ogqtgrst|ztm |gnksgsgzgqtksjm|
jz{tkj kjt |ogqtgrst| k{m got to
SAWNM |g ps oiiks|s to kjs C heldreichiana



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCrepis sibthorpiana

tgtoksjm|tkjtoCrepis sibthorpianagzgko|qmmqmvp*"IEMUEMT 



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rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
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topmgsgzgqgipigzzqggqtkskg
sg ozg~nk t kjt ms |gmitqg to qpt 65
zp k~k zqtgnk |g t qit The Red Data Book of
Rare and Threatened Plants of 'reece +ALAQI E
j|gg{ghsk|qost{||gm mtztgksg
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gzzkm |oqp{ipmozkqht{|h|mmwk|
ttoz{mqtg|qqg"A BIU U |g#Bm)5#.
 

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|qzkqt~krz{pmtokjto kgzoskssmm k tz| gq~ ng gs josg m osk~zgqg|t{tnmmps}os mzngskz|gmto
oztz{mnot |g m zqtk|| o{{ti g~gsps g
tztgngztqtgssgjgmqmntskqzklkksk|t {|t sg ~qmtztmnts ig |g{{qikg |g
zngs k{{ts| ks~om }o|s oztz{mnos t
tztt hgstos zqt mgs| k{pm to gqnt
ps gps to ztgjztk zngs kzgskgipi
}ostokjtoksgsoztz{mnongzqzksgiskg |gzqtmm gz}ozto~toszqt|kgz
|g{{qikg g~gsps to jto oztz{mnot zm
mC sibthorpianangztqtksgkg}kqnkzqt|g{{qikg ex sitU k tgs|t zto |gnts ksg
|g{{m{mighqg~|mzto
jophffpl

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Crocus robertianus C. Brickell

o

Iridaceae
Crocus robertianus C. Brickell in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. 98: 362 (1973).
ys ;{{ 30I.0I zkqt t pgsssps=
bLNTMSAIMRBESVEEM)NAMMIMAAMD4QIJAKAc AKSL *
R -arr {oztjkig|ggknkstmshtgs|o{{tim2NXAK(NQSICTKSTQAK3NCIESX 7IRKEX 
jphpf| t{ok ht{hqqlt }o to  
CL|gmszkqtjtmgsnt}tqgt{h|tsjo{tq}t ~kjs}gq| jgqto LL ~sk kssp j|opt sjk g}o{{g   {ko|
khqgsjm v{{g   gzsg ms zkqtjt gsnt}tqg hgnozqsg k k}gs z{g {ko| iqg
msspkz}skg z{to LL k{g}qqg~g
g |qzkjg q|t |g hqg|jt g ~kjs g
khqgsjm {ko| kstk|zqsgsnm  k
{g ozt|qst kq| }tq {ko| {kt q~pp{sgzkqitsto|to CL qjst jm
p{ko|zg{ggs{ti~tkjpk{{kz| o~s
qtiio{ksg gh{g {ko|pz p qjsg snqk
|to    CL |qst sgg |to    LL
{ko|t p ozt|qsto ~qgt {kg k |qt|tz|nm{{ttosmnkqgg|qkqtps
msps |qst p kssp ztqt|g{~qpt jg|{gjlkgtgskqtgtokqgggjgz{gosksg t |qt to }qtsg kstk ghgnk
~g|to  CL kz|m k{{ktkj
zqgg|ggs k{{ktkj zkqzto LLkjkqt kgst~~qpmqg}

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to C robertianUs t ~gm{ okqt ps  L
ksggrtmkpm|goztjk|sktkjtjks~k
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~kgqqto|gqo|g
fqrs{}zf ksspj|opt sjk~sktoht{ht|tsj{totoCrocUs robertianUsozksnoltostsC cancellatUs (EQBEQS|gjgkqgtsC cancellatUs RTBROmaZZiaricUs (EQBEQS "-ASHEV ttztt
k}gslkgmsg{|gs|kqsmt|gmstoq|g
k{kogt p k|t{g jg|qskg kgr {{ps
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oiikskk zt{ k ts C sieberi 'AX |g ksj~kg sg
~kzqt|kgztsk{kogt pk{{grmC
sieberi p k}gslkgq|ktq}t{ti|jg}tq
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zto~kk|zrkg}{{g|gmssnm|g~kts
jg}tqk|~qptpg|gqnn 
fflyzlmnrCrocUs robertianUs~kzkqiqg}kgzms{{jg zqszkqztomq~|o{{~nm|kkgrpspgsssps|gpsq|{ps
joo~ ~pqzkqkqtg|qht~kg|gz{mnog| jkjtsg stt t -ASHEV  oztm-

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pgsssps|gq|{ps ms{mq|{ps|g|ts
t ~pq toqsgq|g |gn |g ts t gqjgm{sm{gqg tkqgk}gslkg
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zto oi|qgts oiqgg ts ozqt}t jgs k
kjm ps ikss Abies 1UercUs PlatanUs |g rbUtUs
}gslkg k isg ~tojm kj}m k |kq
nk kgr jsjqps |g nsps k okqt 
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|g k }{~m gm kqgqp k}gsk ~tos
gsg}kqnkkzkqjknk glk1UercUs coccifera

kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCrocUs robertianUs



qlk t kjt ~mglk |qt z{mnot t kig{kqtpstztpszkq{ghskzkqztotg


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jks}gskgsgrkzkqsts ost{| gtgt
qtq|osntmp{gtz{mnoksg|qkqtpsgpsost{| kszq}gghqnm|gs
mgs|toztz{mnotgsgt{|g|qqkkm
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tkjtk}gslkgkzkqkqktztnkkztojks
~tosg|m|ggiqg}k
rinrs {f }fpf{lp {flhspf fyjz
CrocUs robertianUs k~k zg{gkqg ~gqg|mqnk
-ASHEV pqp65 |g{kqmpism
mjt|gmjgztqpsz{mnostokzh{{kmskg|smtoms|gmitqgps~kjszk{tospsm5#. 
rgg ps oztikps gztgko|s tqisps g
kjm to isto CrocUs kzmqkltsg {it k{~g
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tksjm|kjtCrocUs robertianUsgzzkqt~tottq|{psvpg{gz{sm 



js|rlfpfyzrl
js|rlorfrril

Crocus speciosus M. Bieb.


subsp. speciosus

54

Iridaceae
Crocus speciosus M. Bieb. in Beschr. Lnder Terek Casp.: 129 (1800) subsp. speciosus
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nrrnf CrocUs speciosUs - "IEB UAQ aitchisonii


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sys CrocUs speciosUs RTBRO speciosUs k


zkqt~ k| m {{jg zqt gstigg jgs
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L
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zt{ozt|{t |g ~pqlkg k qg oztkjm t oz|
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RTBRO xantholaimos -ASHEV krz{pm to RTBRO
ilGaZensiszkqtqlkgzkqt~AMJIQI|g!LARIA
|g to RTBRO xantholaimos ms zkqt~ m szm
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speciosUs ksgkoqkqmtRTBRO speciosUsjg|qskg
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ozt|qsto ~qgt to {gt to zkqgsnto t
RTBRO xantholaimos t {g to zkqgsnto ksg
|qst |gtikntpsmpstozkqgsnto

posof{ fpm n    |g


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jpsisfrms|spfzt{tkzkhqtop
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speciosUskrgz{skgkoqpmsqgg|gtsg|gt t  qs ms  |g  toq|g |g ms g{|gs|kqsmtms{{jgtSAWNMgoksg~q
kqg isp gz qk z{mnot sgs |ts t
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t RTBRO ilGaZensis ksg |qkqt k iknt gz t


oz| oztkjt  r{{to t oiiks C pUlchellUs
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k}gsk to SAWNM ms {{jg gztk{ts g jo|kqgqgmost{|krz{pmtooztkjto
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k{|o|sgsnpsto pmo{{tiht{hsigkg}kom|g|g{{qikgnggztjosgkto}o|tz{mnot|gngzqzksggzgitqkonkt{{
kjmtoistoCrocUsjks|sjosktosgzmsh|mm kzmqkltsgpgzjqg|g{{gim~qm
mim|g{{kkght{tohtztoto
pf ypsff s |g m krz{pm |g g z{mnog|jkjtsgtooztkjtoms{{jg~qkltsg
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t qzt gsgzgqgipi to ng zqzk sg k{kmnts
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js|rlfpfyzrl
js|rlorfrril

tCrocUs speciosUsRTBROspeciosUs
gz ms zkqt~ ps |gqsgs|s
qpsvpg{gz{sm 



Cruciata taurica (Pallas ex Willd.) Ehrend.


subsp. euboea (Ehrend.) Ehrend.

54

Rubiaceae
Cruciata taurica (Pallas ex Willd.) Ehrend. subsp. euboea (Ehrend.) Ehrend. in Pl. Syst. Evol. 124: 178 (1975).
ys;{{7!E thtg=bIMLNMSE$EKOHIc
-AI Heldreich {ozt75 
nrrnf'aliUmcoronatUm3LUAQeUboeUm%HQEMD
IM!MM.ASTQHIRS-TR7IEM 
CrUciata coronata 3L %HQEMD RTBRO eUboea
%HQEMD %HQEMDIM"NS*,IMM3NC 
jphpf|vomngsjkk~oq ro{jmhm
|g ro{jm qlg {gt   CL |gg|kkst m
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zqtkr~ps |ksq| skqt ms |p kz}skg |g k
|qt|tz|q~kgmkgsptogrgsng
k snmtj|t|to~q   LLq|g W LL m|o|{| kskqg gztrmqgsksg|gms|gqzt}tqgqg|jgk{{ktkjp
m|o|{|  W  LL q~gk}sm|qsm jgqto  LL {thtptkjk kz|k qips|t
k{{ktkjk tro|qo}t~lt|qzgosnptsqm }gq| jgqto     LL {kg
posof{fpmispt

h{gs|gps}{{psto tq~pgpsh{gs
ps}{{ps|gps|gqzs mkght{pshqg|ps
kmssnmm|{zzt|{ttq}ggogsgzt|qskgmski{mzt|{gpshtzps ztogsgzkgtkjt gzzkjspg{z|zkqt~|ggz
hqg~jk nk |g qk ~q zk |g ngssk
%HQEMDNQFEQ3CHMBECJ 4ELERXB 
o}ksmgrst|jgqkmmC taUricaRKk
oztkjm ms k|kgsm zkqt~ m ikpiqg}| m
krz{pm ksgkiks|iqggztjk|ms{{jg k|gzmsC taUricaRTBROeUboea krgz{skg|gmC taUricaRTBROoccidentalis%HQEMD %HQEMD
3CHMB 4ELkk}smmtoq|g|gmt
3CHMBECJ 4ELERX%HQEMDNQFEQB 
ffl yzlmnr ( CrUciata taUrica RTBRO
eUboeaksgsgzst}o|g|gkzgsk{msk
kz|kgtqtq}o |gg}qgksgkstztokstkq|jk|jktgrlksgmkpnkt
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k|t{ghtzttooztkjto pt |gg{ghsk
t kig{kqt g m |tqo} {}m |g t ost{| gqn ps gps to gsgskg sg ksg mgs|kig{kqtgtgmC taUricaRTBROeUboea
ztozgqgmqgkgsgztsgk|qtjk 
tg jzgqkz{gitoqtoq}o|gk
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jpsisfrms|spft tst
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L |oqphqkk|{km|tqo}{}m gzt|{k|kghkt{n|ozqpgqi|g
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oiq ht|{g| qt}t k ~ksg o~q |g jq
kgrpsostjskjsmCtaUricaRTBROeUboea
zkq{ghstsg kgr {{ps g *UniperUs oxycedrUs
RTBRO oxycedrUs CerastiUm candidissimUm Sideritis
eUboea NepetaarGolicaRTBROdirphya InUlaoxylepis|
fqrs{}zfCrUciata taUricaRK~mglksg
jgkqgzt|{tq}tzt{oz{tkjz{t|tkzt{{ jz{tkjk kqgz{tkjk krgz{tkjk |g t|gz{tkjk tq} zto krgz{stsg ms  {{jg
ms sgt{g |g gsgt{|kqg ~q ts g|gt t
toq|kss|gtqszt|{mgpstq}t{ti|s ~gqg|qps zkq{ghsk ms tq} gszorm
msjg}tqtztmmpsgsnt}qps|gmgsnt}qps

kpiqg}| krz{pm to ksjm|t oztkjto CrUciata taUrica


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tzt|gtttoksjm|toztkjtoCrUciatataUricaRTBROeUboeatqtq}omhtgvpqi|g 



{giiksk|to{|t|gtz{mnomC
taUricaRTBROeUboeajksozkqhgskgtg ks
ksj~kgsgksgmgs||qkqt
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kk gsnqzsk kzkhk ozkqht{| o{{ti
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zkqt~m|tqo}{}mozq~kmgs|gqn
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mjgh|mmpsgpstooztkjto
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t|gz{tkjkz{mnot|gmkrz{pmmC taUrica
RTBROeUboeamshtg g|qgzt|sqtkrz{pm to oz|t kjto }gskg sg ksg ozt{kg|s|gmo~mpszg{gszt{oz{tkj|s
}o|s kjs k om{ |sjost krg}sm jks ksg

|g{k|mqpsm tom{kqtkzzkjtzt{oz{tkjg t tztt ztqk sg }nk sg kjt }gskg sg


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kksjtikskzgqitsk jkztqtssggzt|{knts
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kkqgjkjtsggsgqtszqtikskqm|ggrm
tooztkjtoms|gmitqgpssjoskosps%.
qi|g   qtkskg m sgr to ms |gmitqgpsqps65 }psgkt|qqt$ m
)5#. 
pfypsffz{qm|ggiqg} zgqg|t{tnmm|go{{tijmtiqg}|sjkjtspsight{ti|{ktoqikgottoSAWNMksggzgqgmk
ksqikkigmjkqksmmmhpmgtoz{mnotmC taUricaRTBROeUboea|gtskstzps
|gg{{{ps jg~kq|s qps ig ms zqtgg
to zqtznkg zt{{gz{ggt |g |g{{qikg
to oztkjto k tgs|t zto |g m jgqmm
zkqps k qzklk ksk|t {|t nkpqtsg
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kztqkkmgrgsngtoksjm|toztkjtoCrUciatataUricaRTBROeUboeavpqi|g 



frfhlph{f

54

Cuscuta atrans Feinbrun

Convolvulaceae
Cuscuta atrans Feinbrun in Israel J. Bot. 19: 22 (1970).
ys;{{ tqm tgsps=b7HISE
-SR 3UNTQICHSIABNUE+ASRIUEKI L NMVerbascUm
spinosUm,c !TG P H DaVis {ozt
% 
jphpf| gqg| tstk zg {g oz{ko|t p hgn kqonq ~pq ~{pqt}{{m jgqp {kz v{{g kgtq}psg k |q {zg
grgsng gztk{tksm gz zo|s }gq| tjk
gsnps jgqtoCLLsnm~g  kq   
LL{o|gzkqh{{pstsp{sgmk}sm m{ko|t p hgn ztq}oq gsq}p |ps| p
|pjpstkj C  LL k{g}q gq|jm k zo|s
}og jmqmst~qttstozkqkqt
tht|{o|gkoqpqips|tgsptkjk kzqtk|ht{ t ~gm{kqt g to gz{mrm k{g}q
g|jpk}smoz{ko|mp~kjsztq}oq~qto
|pjpstkj p ~tgstkj k{g}q gq|jm {zg zqtgqmsg t kpkq| to p{sg m k}sm ~gm{kqgpsmsps j~g{p khqg~k
|qtt k|ksksgptotskthtk}smgzt|{stsk ptkjk zkqztoto|tokts
p{sgtskhqg~kqtps{thsmk}sm
{tglktzqtk|kskstighqg~kqtgz
ms ptn|m wtn|m }gqtkj zkqzto   LL
zqggptkj
posof{fpmispt

zqk|gtstm stt t3SQIDA zgqgqmktgqgjksgsk}gstjkigps


Baden & &ranZn # |gzqkskt}gskst
goksgzngsgjgkqmgtozto ttztt gs t st jkig t tztt k{mk m &EIMBQTM
3SQID mkskkzm|ztkzg{gkqk
gsg}tqmC palaestina"NIRRC GlobUlaris"EQSNK
gzgqmmqm zngsggsggst~tsms
C atransqig go{{timC palaestinagzt
itskggko|qmto{to Baldacci
Iter CreticUm  no  "- m tztg zgqgtk
msSatUreja spinosa gs|kmsC atrans|g~ms
C palaestina{{mgo{{ti kzmmC palaestina
g{{gztsxm{tqkmoitto Baldacci
Iter CreticUm  no  "- m tztg zgqgtk
kAcantholimon androsaceUm*ATB3OACH "NIRR|g
ms%Uphorbia acanthothamnos(EKDQ3AQSEW"NIRR
jksgsjosgsgzqtjtqnkkhkhgmg
fflyzlmnrto{~tszskoztz{mnot m CUscUta atrans ksg isp gzgsts g
ko|qmms|t{jgjo|gztkqjto{to TUrland obs & photo hqkgmjt{smto
hgj  oitto  *ermy & Brownsey 
"- tqthtoq~locUs classicUstoSAWNM t
qtitskgBaldacci h{zkgrst|~{ggspqp |gms|t{jgmtogqoitto TUrland  "- sgg|goztz{mno-

jpsisfrms|spft{tpitot
johpf|{jqyzolsjm|psom{stqps
m qm |g p kqg |ggikiqgst k hkhgmggko|qm|gms|m ms|gqm
gst~p

sys st| ghkt{n| zkqjk nk


zto t kjt zgqgk to g|gsnjk sgsjk
nsto 
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AstraGalUs creticUs
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VerbascUm spinosUm |g ms zt{okzg
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 L
fqrs{}zf&EIMBQTM mkskm
CUscUta atrans ttlk k ms C palaestina "NIRR t
iknt ps |k}g{ps g{{ jg}qk gz go g
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ikits jgnk g}ksto {tht m k}sm&EIMBQTM mksk kzm mC atrans
ksg jtq}m jkjtsto t{{|mqt t }o |g
msgztrqgstogoqlkigts{itgozngs



kpiqg}|krz{pmtoksjm|tkjtoCUscUta atrans

tokjtokstzlkgJLgsgt{| m|m
Baden & &ranZn  # gsg}qkg~pqg|qhnm
gzts3SQIDA 
jt oztz{mnot zto zgqgmqnm|gs gz ts
oiiqg}g gztk{tsg t |gnsg gz kq| jk|jkpqpsgps gtztgzgqgtsmsSatUreja
spinosa togq |g g kjm Sideritis syriaca |g
VerbascUm spinosUm |t{jg jo| gz t kqj 
ksksgjgnkz{mqt}tqk~k|ktiknt
psoz{tzpsispsoztz{mnoszkqt~zto
tkjt|gg{ghskztqksgksgzt{|q p
|qkqmgzJL2sg kstt zngstkjt
sgksgzto~sgom{qmmqm g{{sg
ms~kz{qp|ggiqg}kksksgisptiknt m jg|gsm ps oztz{mnos gz t k
t g{{}gskgzngso}gsggortkk
jkjtstotkjtksgtstk
rinrs{f}fpf{lp{flhspffyjz
|ggikiqgst rks ksg o~s {m m h{mm ps om{s tqps zto ozq~tos k g}ntsg |g
|g{ztosk|gtsjkk|qggs|gtAstraGalUs creticUsjksksgispgko|qm|gtVerbascUm
spinosUm jks ksg isp to tqkst i|to to
xm{tqkm|gm|m wt t|qikntps
oztz{mnos|gtkt|{|tlpngztqtk
sgnkmsCUscUta atransk|sjost kj|ksosjolkgkm}o|tzgqitsk zpmozkqh|mm
t{ {ig ksg isp ~k| k ms ht{tig got
to kjto |g ig t z t osn|k |g ms jq|kgkstoz~nkqt|qgg ksgjosgsgkzmqktosmski|ggtog}orksztqk sg ksg mgs| t ikits t kjt jks ~k
~qkqg|ggiqg}kk~gm{okqg zgqt
ikitssggztorksto tV spinosUm
ksgtz|}ntstptkzzkjtmn{ggms

qmsg kzm isptkzthgntkjt


kzmqklkg gz ms h|mm k hm g ~q qg
jgngjkjtsg zqtkskgigtkjtm|gmitqg
qp65 }psgkms|gmitqtztmmm)5#.
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pfypsffsggztooztz{mnothq|kg t qt htoq~ t |qtgznkg to zqtiqgt#2%4!0,!.4 ttzttk}gqnm|kk|kt
igtkjtNepeta sphaciotica ztqkkzmsg
ozkq{hkms CUscUta atransgztqtksgzqgigtztmnkzkq}qgrmkggottogztngt
zqt|kstosggzt}ko~nkmh|mm ksmgsgissmmmh{mmngzqzksgzgqg|t{tonmnkigg
zkqtjt ks ~tsgmsgzkq}qg|mzkqt~p
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k |g{{m{m gztlmpm ps zgqgjtg|s ~qms
mim pstz|s|mstq}ps|gps|gt|psps
~pqs
o{{ti }os ng zqzk sg ksg k{ki~ksm
kstt sg zkqtqst gqn zkqps ng
ztqtksgo{{k~nkkmsgzgqgmmjkggst
ikitsgojksgztk{kgzsttoggzk{ |g
sggsgzo~nkk|g{{qikg ksgzqt|tosex sitU
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ngztqtksgzt{{gz{ggnko{||gsgjgskmnkktgs|tzto kszqggngztqtgs
sg|ggkntskqzklkksk|t{|t{mjgj|ggngkzqkzkmsjosgmgk{{ts|kzgskgipizkqgg|ks~ompsz{mnosms
zkqzpmztot}o|toztz{mnotkpntszqgs
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tksjm|kjtCUscUta atransgzgko|qmmqmvpTQKAMD 



-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

54

Cyanus baldaccii (Bald.) Holub

Compositae
Cyanus baldaccii (Bald.) Holub in Preslia 46: 228 (1974).
j{nys 'ALAK %KDIM  7AGEMISY IM 3SQID  4AM
 -NTMS&K'QEECE ;{{ tqm t gsps= bIM RTLLIR L 'IGIKNR 6NKAJI DIRSQ
3OHAJIAc Baldacci 75 (AKt{k|ozt7 75 
nrrnf CentaUrea baldaccii "AKD IM -AKOIGHIA 
 
jphpf|t{ok qlpgjmzglpgg|q
qzts sgqg k{~m zt{ hqg~g   CL ozkq{ghgststoto|k}g{tov{{gzo|s~stjm gqioq~qtg k}q|gjtkz}skkv{{ghkp
khqg~~t|g{ggks{ti~tkj    CL
W LL zkqnqtg|qgtskqg}{{g|qkqg
z{toC LLk}{ttsqk hqg~kqtgzg
}{{gmhmkqh{mg|k}g{toptkj 
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  LL |gg{itsgkhgno|gsg qips|  
 W     LL krgqgg k koj|qg |gkq~ksg
zkqnqgz{to   LL|gk gqioq~qtk h{k}gqjk |to      LL k |nk z{koq
snjg{ko| zgspp~q jm g|qkqgtozkqh{gt|g LL gzkq}kqkg|gzt|{stsg
p{sg gsnqps p~q jm ~gsg |to C  
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posof{fpmispt

C pichleri"NIRR (NKTBgzmsto{igqg ms{{jg


|gmstoq|g tsC pindicola'QIREB 3NJgzms
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g   gz ts *AHM B p CentaUreUa
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joskgzk{igts CyanUs baldacciizkq{ghstos
msozkqh|mmgzzqhgg tztjtzmggzto
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pstqps|i|{t|gt{g|ngzqt|g{tkmgs| gqsm| kzzk ts htzt to kjto
qtkskgm|gmitqgqp65 igtsC baldaccii

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-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

Cynara cyrenaica Maire & Weiller

*$-

Compositae
Cynara cyrenaica Maire & Weiller in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 30: 286 (1939).
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HTLNRIR RTOQA !ONKKNMIAL   L RNKN CAKCAQENc
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-05 
nrrnf Cynara sibthorpiana "NIRR  (EKDQ UAQ
maUGiniana0ALOIM!GQIC#NKNM 
C cardUncUlUsFmaUGiniana0ALO 0ALOIM!QCH
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)SAK 
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CL q~mz{to LL khqg~|gzo|s{ko|
kqjkq~pg |qt{thtkks{ti~tkjzkqiqgg jkokqktsk{thtk|ksksttqlsg|g
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  W   CL gsgg }{{g ~kjs ~g ks {ti~tkj t zkqiqgg gz{ zkqt~j k
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kgtrkg |ggst|qsm|gsngkpkq|hq|g
k gzt~qk to |ggst to kqonqt ~kjs
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CL k{tht|to  LLqgg~gsgptkj
jti|psg |to LL {ko|t{gsgzztg~o-

q~qpt zkqtq}t gztk{tkst gz  


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to|sjstopsispsoztz{mnos|gkms
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tkjt }psgkms)5#. k}tsz{mqtsgg|qqg"A BIII U ABIII U #AI II |g$
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k{zjgigkzhpmtooztz{mnot|tstokk{qtoqzkkzmsgo{{k~ntsg~gsg sgjmtoqimnksgex sitUoztz{mno sgtztnkmnts
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oztz{mnomqngzqzksgzgqg|t{tonkg
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ohto{|gkmskognmtztmmps|gt|ps
-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

grgsngmCynara cyrenaica |tst~pqqtott


gntovp}tqjg|



Cynoglossum sphacioticum Boiss. & Heldr.

54

Boraginaceae
Cynoglossum sphacioticum Boiss. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 11: 125 (1849).
ys;{{ tqm tgsps=b2AQt
IMRTLLNUEQSICE3SAUQNONDIALNMSITL3OHACINSICNQTL
AKS c  *TK  Heldreich sn {ozt '
"/)3)ozt"- ' 
jphpf| t{ok kjt sgsjk nogsp k
oz{ko|tqg~q~pg|gkkqptro{jkozikt
{k~t{gt{it gskq~kstpqnt ~st
to CLv{{g|gaksg{{gi ~g gz{ k
zkqnqtg|qgt gomhm|g|gkqg}{{g
h{gtgs{ti~tkjpkszgto{tkj  
W  LL kgg|ggskqg}{{gh{gt{ti~tkj kz|mpksk{{kz| ggskqg~gt
hqg|to grgsng |ogjm ks ozkqpsm
msgq~ }qtogpsnmsnmzksgkq{o|g LL|gmssnmm jgqtkst|gg
to|totokkoqpkz|k{tht ttztt
zgqgstos|gms|gqzt}tqgk}smhqg~p~tgstkj jgqto LL kkoqpqips|gg oi|{stsgts{g k{thtg}ksto
kssp|ogstp|ogstjk m|o|{|tgqz
|q|qotkp|qogk|nkztj|t ptkj 
W  LL ~pq zg~ zkqnqt zo|s |g tttq}g
|g{osgkksqips| kzzkjki{p~skp
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posof{fpmn-NMSLNKKIM 

tzttkzmgzgsgko|qmmqm g{{g
jt SAWA ztqts k|t{g sg jg|qnts |g ms |gqzt}tqg igtCynoGlossUm sphacioticUm~kzkqg
|qogkzo|s |{mqi{p~sk kstPlithospermifoliUmRTBROcariense~k|qoggqgq~pkmjg}gs zkqig g ms osspm to ParacaryUm
! $# "NIRR |g m Rindera 0AKK k t CynoGlossUm
, t'QETSEQ mkskgC sphacioticUm P
lithospermifoliUm |g t |ozqg| ksjm| C trodi (
,IMDB``ksg~kjsgjsgtsgjg~pqnts k|gs
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ohqjtkgrpsC sphacioticUm|gP lithospermifoliUmRTBROcariense~k|qogkk~pqzkqigkk
~pqi{p~sk ``gtztgztqksgoztjm{stossgs
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kzz{ts~tos|ggiqg}ktq|zqsgzt 
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k| gz t qt gqm zto g tg ksg zt{ogqnkqgzkqt~krz{pmtokjtoksgC
km2|gmost{||gmzto|gg{ghskztqksg

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johpf|{ jqyzol tz| ksjm| ps ko|s
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sys qg g|gsnjm zqt|k}g{tq}m
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okqt   L g ostj kjm ztqk sg
zkq{ghstsggg|{tong
ksjm|mqm 
*Acantholimon androsaceUm
AlyssUm sphacioticUm
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herniariifolia
% rechinGeri
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RTBRO cariense
Pimpinella traGiUm RTBRO depressa
PrUnUs prostrata RanUncUlUs Gracilis RhamnUs saxatilis
RTBRO prUnifolia SatUreja spinosa
ScUtellaria hirta
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TeUcriUm alpestre |g
Viola fraGrans
fqrs{ }zf t h{gm| jt |g |g
msgsnt}tqg tSAWNMgottlkktParacaryUm
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kpiqg}| krz{pm to ksjm|t kjto CynoGlossUm


sphacioticUm



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sp to jgttqto t ikits go h{zk g }o
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|g sg gsgzo~nk k |g{{qikg k sg zqt|tos
ex sitU oztz{mnot gz to tztto o{| ng ztqksgzt{{gz{ggnk|gsgjgskmnkktgs|t
zto ksgzqggngztqtgssg|ggknts
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ms josgmg k{{ts| kzgskgipi zkqgg|ks~ompsoztz{mnos mszkqzpmzto
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tqto

pf ypsff sg gz to oztz{mnot

-HBGMJ@Q3SPJ@LC

tksjm|kjtCynoGlossUm sphacioticUm gzgko|qmmqmvp.4TQKAMD 



54

Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) So

Orchidaceae
Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) So, Nom. Nova Gen. Dactylorhiza: 3 (1962).
j{nys6EQLETKEM 3STD$ACSXKNQCHIDR  
;tomjg= bIM OQASIR QAQITRc (EQB ,IMM no  p
Orchis incarnata,,).. 
nrrnf Orchis incarnata , &K 3TEC ED  
 
Dactylorchis incarnata , 6EQL 3STD $ACSXKNQCHIR
 
Orchis latifolia RTBRO incarnata , * $ (NNJEQ F
3STDEMS&K"QIS)RK 
jphpf|t{ok}o to CL kh{g kpkq| |t{t v{{g   |qspz p zqsg osnp ~pq igg |t{ktq}g qng k
qzjg ks {ti~tkj z{gkqg m hm  
W  CLgg|qkqg}{{gzqtkr~tosmhm
m|tqo}mgrgsng ggskqg hqg|tq}g q|g k}gs g|qkqg ps gsnps grgsngzo|s gq~|ptkj gqikqg~kjs|o{sjq| to CL ksnmzt{oqng p 
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Dactylorhiza macedonica J. Hlz. & Knkele

54

Orchidaceae
Dactylorhiza macedonica J. Hlz. & Knkele in Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Wrttemberg 20(1):
191 (1988).
ys ;%{{  g|kjtsg t qg= b-S
-EMIJINM AKSCLc *TK B BaUmann H
BaUmann {ozt345 
nrrnf D kalopissii % .EKRNM RTBRO macedonica
* (KY  +MJEKE +QETSY +NLOEMD %TQ /QCHID 
 
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W     LL qthtkj k}gs q{tht ~kjs
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kst|tvp} 



ynpior|fz{fpfhfrrf{isn

Dactylorhiza pythagorae
Glz & H. R. Reinhard

"1

Orchidaceae
Dactylorhiza pythagorae Glz & H. R. Reinhard in Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Wrttemberg 24(1):
58 (1992).
3ys;{{%!E tt=b3ALNRRKAMD -S
+AQUNTMI AKS   Lc  *TM  P 'lZ HR
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  LLg{g   W  LL ~k{t  W
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|oq ~pqiggkk{g}qkqonqigg|g
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Datisca cannabina L.

54

Datiscaceae
Datisca cannabina L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1037 (1753).
j{nys 4TQKAMD C   ``(ABISAS IM #QESAaa
(EQB,IMMno ,).. 

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 nom illeG sUper
D nepalensis$$NM 0QNDQ&K.EOAK 

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psko|sqpsvp.4TQKAMD 



Dianthus arpadianus Ade & Bornm.



Caryophyllaceae
Dianthus arpadianusAde & Bornm. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 385 (1934).
ys ;{{ .!E t gtnq|m= bIM CACTLIME
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tzstigms{{jgkjtDianthUs arpadianUs gztqtvkiiqmgtnq|mvpqi|g 



Dianthus haematocalyx Boiss. & Heldr.


subsp. phitosianus Constantin.

54

Caryophyllaceae
Dianthus haematocalyx Boiss. & Heldr. subsp. phitosianus Constantin. in Phyton (Horn, Austria) 39(2):
279 (1999).
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b%OAQCHIA4HIUNM CJL3NF8IQNMNLIUIKKAGEAKNMG
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to ps {ti~tkjs p ptkjs hgnozqsps |g

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ms zkqt~ ng zqzk sg gztg|qosnk g kqskg
qm ng zqzk sg gsglmmnts zkqkqt oztz{mnot|gsg|ggkqmntsg}oto|gnksks
ksgrk|ngqtgsto{~ts|zttgztooztz{mnotozitsgkzqtgkosmzkqt~ gz{ggto|tov}tqkztoksgozknost ig ms jkrgipi qips g qm z~ g tz|
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|g m jgqmm ps zkqps to k qzklk ksk|t{|t |gn|gm|g{{qikgtooztkjtok
tgs|tztoigmsex sitUzqtggto



js|rlorfrril

Dianthus ingoldbyi Turrill

$-

Caryophyllaceae
Dianthus ingoldbyi Turrill in Bull. Misc. Inform. 1924: 314 (1924).
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jphpf|t{oknogstq}t}okzt{oqntomgsnt}qtoh{gt ~oqgztro{psto
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}{{psh{gtk{g}qg|qkqtgzmjkqt
to h{gt snt}qg k{~m k kqgsk gsp}kqk |gp}kqk {kz q~k }gg t |p
g to grgsng ~g{gq k    snm gg kz|g{o|to    g krpkq| zqttjko|
|qkqg |g kskqg tj|t |to p  CL
{o|gzqgspz {kt |to LLk{ti~tkjk g|jpt tjsk |to  LL |g khqgsjm |qzkjg th zk{to kz|m z{to p
  LL p~q{ko|t ms sp kz}skg ozt|qst
oztzqst ms |p kz}skg k ghgnk |g g|gssktjtsksnqk|to~kjsLLwtn|mks|o{sjq| {kgg|o{sjq| hqg~kqm
to|{o|g k|gqzt}qt|tozkqztoLL
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jpsis frms|spf z g {m to{to p ts
kzhqt

h{gt mtq}t{tig|gt~qpgpszk{ps
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fflyzlmnrDianthUs inGoldbyi ksgsg
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}o zp g Alkanna tinctoria Anthyllis hermanniae
CoridothymUs capitatUs CrithmUm maritimUm Cynodon
dactylon ,aGUrUs oVatUs -icromeria jUliana Phillyrea
latifolia PsilUrUs incUrVUs 1UercUs coccifera Rostraria
cristata SarcopoteriUm spinosUm Silene aVescens
RTBRO thessalonica SolanUm elaeaGnifoliUm TeUcriUm
capitatUm TraGUs racemosUs|g Vitex aGnUs-castUs
fqrs{}zfDianthUs inGoldbyi ztqksgjg|qnk k ko|t{g gz {{g kjm to isto |oqp
gz m ~g{gq tq} gszorm m ~g{gq grgsng
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q|m ng zqzk sg zqgigtzttsg k jgkqm


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III m)5#. gtztgz{mqt

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mjgqmmm{{topsgstipszz{ts zqtkskgmgzt}oi|ggqkz|skskqikszp |gg|kog| qig jstrm jgz{osm tj|s gqmqs k|kgsmtoq|k|k{{kom| thtzt
ztogsgzkgtkjt
kg |ggiqg} |g zgqg|t{tnmm ps }o|s gps jgkqg |g ms kzt~ m gsnt}tqg
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zqtkskg m gzt}oi kght{s ms h{mm m

qt tt |g tq}t{tig sntotozstokjtoDianthUs
inGoldbyi gz ms zkqt~ gqgqg m gqskg q|m
vpqi|g 



Dianthus juniperinus Sm.


subsp. kavusicus Turland

"1

Caryophyllaceae
Dianthus juniperinus Sm. subsp. kavusicus Turland in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 22: 168 (1992).
ys;{{++ t+qm tgnto=b3JKIQNR%NF-S+AUTRI c 3EO Barneby & DaVis
sn{ozt+ 
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snm gsnltsg~kjsoi~qspq|g|{o|g 
gsptkjkstkgsq}p|gqjtkj zkqztot
to|toto|{o|g k|tqo}|gg{itogk
{kz g|jg {o|g ~kjs |o{sjq| |to zkqztoLL tjskzkqztoLL |tqo}trkgtht
zk{psqjstkgki|qg{pqjggz|toqkqkztq}oqtjk|m{jk|tsttsto gsjk{tkjkp|o|{|t gsjk{tkjk |tozkqzto
LL k|tqo}g|gssm|gtr{m|gtjtsp
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jpsis frms|spf z t {t gto p ts
kzhqt
johpf|{jqyzolsjm|oztkjttoqto
{qt|{qtzztsg |gtoqtoqs 
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Dianthus xylorrhizus Boiss. & Heldr.

54

Caryophyllaceae
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Draba laconica.O@Q<IJQD&DO/<I

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Draba nuda (Bl.) Al-Shehbaz & M. Koch

54

Cruciferae
Draba nuda (Bl.) Al-Shehbaz & M. Koch in Novon 13: 173 (2003).
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Drymocallis halacsyana (Degen)


Kurtto & Strid

$-

Rosaceae
Drymocallis halacsyana (Degen) Kurtto & Strid in Ann. Bot. Fennici 40(2): 137 (2003).
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vkg gl k {{g kjm zp g PrUnUs prostrata
DianthUs arpadianUs Scilla bifolia RK Corydalis solida
RTBRO incisa OrnithoGalUm mbriatUm DoronicUm
orientale Arabis bryoides Anthemis tenUiloba -yosotis
sylVaticaRTBROcyanea |
fqrs{ }zf ( Drymocallis halacsyana k~k
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'QETSEQ 7B#NMSQIBTSINMERNQIRSICAEATRSQN AEGAEAE ^#AMDNKKEA 
'QETSEQ 7#NMSQIBTSINNQIRSICAATRSQN AEGAEA^#AMDNKKEA  
'QETSEQ 7"ESQACHSTMGEMYTQ0AMYEMGENGQAOHIEDEQ3DGIR^/OEQA"NS 
'QETSEQ 7&KNQIRSICQEONQSNMSHE#QESAMAQEA^#NILBQA+IRRIA2EADIMG
'QETSEQ 7!DDISINMRSNSHENQANF#QESE  ^!MM-TR'NTKAMDQIR 
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 )M"QALVEKK $ED 0KAMSRAMD)RKAMDR^,NMDNM .EV9NQJ!CADELIC0QERR
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CASAKNGTENFSHEUARCTKAQOKAMSSAWA^7IKKDEMNVIA 
'QETSEQ 7ED -ED #HECJKIRS.NSTKAE ^7IKKDEMNVIA 
'QETSEQ 7,ER!QTLDEKA#QSE^"NS(EKU 
'QETSEQ 7ABUpleUrUmkakiskalae'QETSEQ^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ
7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
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'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
'QETSEQ 74HE%TQN -EDSQEASLEMSNF#AQDTEAE#NLONRISAE GEMEQICCNMCEOSRAMDQEPTIQEDMEV
MALER^7IKKDEMNVIA 
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^'EMUE
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'QETSEQ 7 -ASSHR 52IRRE (!DDISINMRSNSHENQANF#QESE   ))^7IKKDEMNVIA
  
'QETSEQ 7 /BEQOQIEKEQ #6NGS 24HE%TQN -EDSQEASLEMSNFAnthemideae#NLONRISAE ^GEMEQIC
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'QEECE !OQEKILIMAQXCHECJKIRS^7IKKDEMNVIA 
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)ASQN ' A AsperUla elonea )ASQN  4 'ENQGIADIR ^ O   )M 0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3 
'QETSEQ7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
)ASQN ' B AstraGalUs drUpaceUs /QOH EW "NIRR ^ O   )M 0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3 
'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
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'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
*AKAR *3TNLIMEM *EDR !SKAR&KNQAE%TQNOAEAE ^6AMALN (EKRIMJI4HE#NLLISSEEFNQ-AOOIMG
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+AKONTSYAJIR %#NMRSAMSIMIDIR 4H!DDISINMRAMDAMMNSASINMRSNSHENQANF0EKNONMMIRNR3'QEECE 
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%UNK 
+ALAQI 'ACrepisarcUata+ALAQI3SQID^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ
7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
+ALAQI 'BCrepisaUricUlifolia3IEBEQEW3OQEMG^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3
'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ
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'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ
.ASTQE
+ALAQI 'DCrepismerxmUelleri+ALAQI(AQSUIG^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3
'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ
.ASTQE
+ALAQI 'ECrepissibthorpiana"NIRR(EKDQ^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3
'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
+ALAQI '  'QETSEQ 7  Phitosia A MEV GEMTR FNQ Crepis crocifolia #NLONRISAE Cichorieae A KNCAK
EMDELICNF-NTMS4AIGESNR'QEECE ^"NS#HQNM 
+ALAQI '(AQSUIG 0CrepismexmUelleri!RSEQACEAE AMEVROECIERFQNL.7'QEECE^7IKKDEMNVIA
 
+ALAQI '  -ASSHR 5  #XSNSAWNMNLICAK CNMSQIBTSINMR NM SHE NQA NF #QESE ))) ^ 7IKKDEMNVIA 
 
+ALAQI '3SQID !CrepisarcUata!RSEQACEAE AMEVROECIERFQNL.'QEECE^7IKKDEMNVIA

+ALAQI ' 0HISNR $ 3MNGEQTO "3MNGEQTO 3&KNQAAMDUEGESASINMNF9INTQA .3ONQADER 'QEECE
^7IKKDEMNVIA 
+ISAMNU "Crepismacedonica+ISAMROMNU^)YU"NS)MRS3NA  
+KNESYKI &"INGEMNTRIMTEMCENMAPTASICLACQIOHXSEREROECIAKKXPhraGmitescommUnis^(IDQNBINKNGIA
 
+NJLNSNR %'ENQGIADIR 4H4HENQANF-NTMSAIMR%KIJNM 8EQNUNTMIAMD.EQAIDNKAJJNLA"NENSIA
3SEQEA%KKAR 'QEECE ^&K-EDIS 
+NTLOKI 3NUAMSYI ,Althenialiformis0ESIS:AMMICHEKKIACEAE IM'QEECE^0HXSNM(NQM !TRSQIA  
 
+TMSH #3%MTLEQASINOKAMSAQTLNLMITLHTCTRPTECNGMISAQTL ^3STSGAQDIAEES4TBIMGAE



+TQSSN !  %QIJRRNM 4  !SKAR &KNQA %TQNOAEA MNSER  'EMEQIC DEKILISASINM AMD MNLEMCKASTQAK
ADTRSLEMSRIMPotentilleae^!MM"NS&EMM 
+TYLAMNU " 4HIM ..  'ENQGIEUA %  STDE CXSNSAWNMNLIPTE DER EROCER BTKGAQER DT GEMQE
Anthemis^#AMDNKKEA 
+XOQINSAJIR :+AKNOIRRIR *.ETE3SAMDNQSEDEQCephalantheracUcUllata"NIRR(EKDQ^-ISS"K
!QBEISRJQ(EIL/QCH"ADEM 7QSS 
+XOQINSAJIR :4YAMNTDAJIR $!MEVROECIERNFBelleValiaFQNLEARSEQM#QESEAMDISRCNMFTRINMVISH
-UscarimacrocarpUm3VEES^"NS(EKU 
,AGTMA % $EKSNQN 6) 0QEY "NSEKKA * 3EQQA ,K /KIUAQER !&ABQEGAS #4HEQNKENFRLAKKQEREQUER
IMOKAMSCNMREQUASINMIMAQEGINMNFHIGHDIUEQRISXIMEARSEQM3OAIM^"INK#NMREQU 
,IDM -.EVSAWANFSTBEQNTRCorydalis&TLAQIACEAE ^7IKKDEMNVIA 
,IDM -Corydalis^0O )M3SQID !4AM +EDR &KNQA(EKKEMICA ^2TGGEKK!2''AMSMEQ
6EQKAG+'
,IRSNM ! 2IEREBEQG ,(  %KIAR 43  -NQOHNKNGICAK RSARIR AMD LNKECTKAQ DIUEQGEMCE IM SHE
IMSEQCNMSIMEMSAKDIRTMCSGEMTRDatisca$ASIRCACEAE ^!KIRN 
,KALAR &!CEDN # 0QNONRAKSNCNMREQUESHEMALEAjUGaWhampeanaAGAIMRSAWrotUndifolia
AMDAWpseUdopyramidalis,ABIASAE ^4AWNM  
,NNM UAM*#2EONQSR)M,UEED )/0"#HQNLNRNLEMTLBEQQEONQSR,886))^4AWNM 
,NUJA -!CNMSQIBTSINMSNSHECXSNSAWNMNLXNF9TGNRKAU3OEQLASNOHXSA ),IKIACEAERK^"INK6ERSM
,TBKAMA  )M3KNUEMIAM 
,NUJA - 3TMIJ & ,UE ,UE $2EONQSR)M,UE ED )/0"CHQNLNRNLEMTLBEQQEONQSR
888)6^4AWNM
,UJUIRS "(TKSGQD 5 -#HQNLNRNLEMTLBEQRIMRNTSH3VEDIRHUARCTKAQOKAMSR^/OEQA"NS
 
,SH -0ICSTQERNF"QXNOHXSERFQNL%TQNOE^$6$
-AARRNTLI !!2  #QTCIFQER DE KA NQE Da)QAM STDE CAQXNRXRSLASIPTE ^ 0H$ 4HERIR 5MIUEQRIS
,NTIR0ARSETQ 3SQARBNTQG
-ACE '-,AMDE 2!RRERRIMGEWSIMCSINMSHQEASRSNVAQDAQE EUAKTASINMNF)5#.SHQEASEMEDROECIER
CASEGNQIER^#NMREQU"INK 
-AIQE 2  0ESISLEMGIM -  STDE DER OKAMSER UARCTKAIQER QCNKSER EM 'QCE   )M -AIQE 2
-ASQIATWONTQREQUIQAKaESTDEDEKANQEESDEKAGNGQAOHIEBNSAMIPTEDEKa/QIEMS FARC OO^
.AMCX)LOQILEQIE"EQGEQ ,EUQATKS#N
-ANQ # *&"AQBEX 7+ARNRSTDEBNSAMIPTE^"TKK(EQB"NIRRIEQ  
-AQCHINQI 3 -EDAGKI 0 3ABASN 32TGGIEQN ,2ELAQPTERCHNQNKNGIPTERRTQPTEKPTERSAWAMNTUEATW
NTQAQERDAMRKE3AKEMSN0NTIKKER )SAKIE ^)MFNQL"NS)SAK  
-AQJNUA -'NQAMNUA 62EONQSR )M+ALAQI ' &EKBEQ &'AQBAQI &EDR -EDISEQQAMEAM
CHQNLNRNLEMTLBEQQEONQSR ^&K-EDIS 
-ASHEV "&4HECrocUs!QEUIRINMNFSHEGEMTR)QIDACEAE ^,NMDNM"4"ASRFNQD,SD
-ASHEV "&CrocUs robertianUs#"QICJEKK^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ
7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
-ASSHR 5:TQ#XSNSAWNMNLIEUNMCentaUreasUbciliaris"NIRR(EKDQ3EJSINPhalolepis#ARR $#
TMDUEQVAMDSEQ3IOOEMILETQNOIRCHEM-EDISEQQAMGEBIES)^"NS*AHQB3XRS  
-ASY (%IMMETER6NQJNLLEMDERVARREQRCHIEQKIMGR CicUtaVirosa, !OIACEAE IL%MMRSAKMAHEBEI
!DLNMS3SEIEQLAQJ ^*NAMMEA"NS 
-C.EIKK * "AQQIE &2 "TQDES (- $ELNTKIM 6 (AVJRVNQSH $, -AQHNKD + .ICNKRNM $( 0QADN * 3IKUA
0# 3JNG *% 7IEQRELA *( 4TQKAMD .*EDR )MSEQMASINMAK#NDENF"NSAMICAK.NLEMCKASTQE
6IEMMA#NDE ADNOSEDBXSHE3EUEMSEEMSH)MSEQMASINMAK"NSAMICAK#NMGQERR6IEMMA !TRSQIA *TKX
^2TGGEKK!2''AMSMEQ6EQKAG;2EGMTL6EG=
-EIJKE 2$!RTQUEXNFSHENQANF#HINR^+EV"TKK 
-EIJKE 2$ColchicUmbUrttii^"NS-AG 
-EKE # -EDAGKI 0 !KBAMN !  -AQCHINQI 3  AeGialophila pUmilio , "NIRR ^ )MFNQL "NS )SAK 
3TOOK  



-EXEQ &+  $IE ETQNOIRCHEM Acantholimon 3IOOEM IHQE .ACHBAQM TMD MCHRSEM 6EQVAMDSEM
^(ATRRJMECHSIA 
-ICEKI . 4AUIAMN -& 4YAJNT / 9AMMISRAQNR ! 6ARRIKIADER $ 'ITQIDA $'AKASI %-Biebersteinia
orphanidis"NIRRRHNVRAMSINWIDAMSAMDAMSI IMALLASNQXACSIUISX^0HAQLACNGMNRX-AG  
-NMSLNKKIM "DESTDECXSNSAWNMNLIPTEDEKANQEMDLIPTEDEKA#QSE).NSEOQKILIMAIQE^"TKK
3NC.ETCHSEKNIRE3CI.AS 
-NMSLNKKIM " DE  STDE CXSNSAWNMNLIPTE DE KA NQE DE KA #QSE ))) .NLBQER CHQNLNRNLIPTER
^#AMDNKKEA 
-NMSLNKKIM "DE#NMSQIBTSINMAKaSTDECXSNSAWNMNLIPTEDEKANQECQSNIREESEMOAQSICTKIEQDERER
EMDLIPTER^0H$4HERIR 5MIUEQRISDE.ETCHSEK
-NMSLNKKIM "DE3SQAHL 7EDR 4HE4NO-EDISEQQAMEAM)RKAMD0KAMSR7IKDOKAMSRASSHEBQIMJNF
EWSIMCSINM AMDVHASIRMEEDEDSNRAUESHEL^'KAMDAMD#ALBQIDGE)5#.33#-EDISEQQAMEAM)RKAMDR
0KAMS3OECIAKIRS'QNTO W OOk}qgmgk{{ms| 
-NQKEX "#NQIAQIACEAE^0O )M(EXVNND 6(ED &KNVEQIMG0KAMSRNFSHE7NQKD^/WFNQD
,NMDNM -EKBNTQME
-TEKKMEQ !. 6ARRIKIADER $$  2EMMEQ 33  0KACIMG "IEBEQRSEIMIACEAE A HEQBACENTR CKADE NF
3AOIMDAKER IMASELONQAKAMDGENGQAOHICCNMSEWS^0K3XRS%UNK 
.NQDRSQL 3'EMESICQEKASINMRHIORALNMG'QEEJAKKNSESQAOKNIDRNFDactylorhiZa/QCHIDACEAE BAREDNM
!&,0DASA^$EGQEE0QNECS 5MIUEQRISXNF,TMD ,TMD
.XLAM #&#NMROECSTR&KNQAE%TQNOAEAE ^QEBQN
.XLAM #&#NMROECSTR&KNQAE%TQNOAEAE 3TOOK^QEBQN
/BEQOQIEKEQ #0HXKNGEMESICQEKASINMRHIORIMAnthemis,#NLONRISAE Anthemideae BAREDNMMQ$.!)43
REPTEMCEUAQIASINM^4AWNM 
/GIMTLA + .AJASA - 3TYTJI -4NBE (+AQXNLNQOHNKNGXNFCoriaria#NQIAQIACEAE SAWNMNLIC
ILOKICASINMR^"NS-AG4NJXN 
/QCAM ."IMYES 2!MEVQECNQDFNQSHENQANF4TQJEXAlyssUmidaeUm"NIRR(EKDQ^0AJIRSAM*
"NS 
YHASAX . *NHMRNM -!4 -ASHEV "$AKGI '!MEVHEWAOKNIDBelleValia(XACIMSHACEAE FQNL
%TQNOEAM4TQJEX^"NS*,IMM3NC 
0AKALAQEU %0AKENBNSAMICAKEUIDEMCERNFSHE4EQSIAQXHIRSNQXAMDNQIGIMNFSHE-EDISEQQAMEAMRCKEQNOHXKK
DEMDQNNQA^0K3XRS%UNK 
0AMISRA - 3MNGEQTO " 3MNGEQTO 34YAMNTDAJIR $&KNQIRSICIMUERSIGASINMNF,ELMNRIRKAMD.%
!EGEAMAQEA 'QEECE ^7IKKDEMNVIA 
0AOAMICNKANT +  +NJJIMI 3  ! MEV ROECIER NF Armeria 0KTLBAGIMACEAE FQNL %TBNEA 'QEECE
^7IKKDEMNVIA 
0AOAYIRILNT 3 "NTYIMNR ! #HQIRSAMIR + 4YEDAJIR 0+AKAISYIDIR 34HETOKAMD(NKNCEMESQAMRISINMAK
LIQERNF%KASIAFNQERS MNQSHEQM'QEECE^7ESKAMDR 
0AQJ * - +NUAI 3 ,IBEQ : %DDIE 73CHMEEVEIRR '0HXKNGEMXAMDBINGENGQAOHXNFIRNOHXKKNTR
ROECIERNFCampanUla#ALOAMTKACEAE IMSHE-EDISEQQAMEAMAQEA^3XRS"NS  
0AQQIR "3&QAREQ *EMJIMR #2!OQNUIRINMAKCHECJKIRSNF4TQJIRH0SEQIDNOHXSA^.NSER2NX"NS'AQD
%DIMBTQGH 
0AQSRCH *+EOHAKKEMIATMD)SHAJA%IMEGENGQAOHIRCHE-NMNGQAOHIE^0ESEQLAMMR-ISS%QG (E
 
0EQRRNM *ADryas,^)M3SQID !ED -NTMSAIMNQANF'QEECE ^#ALBQIDGE#ALBQIDGE
5MIU0QERR
0EQRRNM * B Biebersteinia 3SEOHAM ^ 0O   )M 3SQID ! ED -NTMSAIM &KNQA NF 'QEECE  ^
#ALBQIDGE#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
0EQRRNM +.EVROECIERNFColchicUm#NKCHICACEAE FQNLSHE'QEEJLNTMSAIMR^7IKKDEMNVIA 
0EQRRNM +  ColchicUm , ^ 0O   )M 3SQID !  4AM + EDR -NTMSAIM NQA NF 'QEECE 
^%DIMBTQGH%DIMBTQGH5MIU0QERR
0EQRRNM +,IKIACEAERTBFALWUrmbaeoideae"TWBATL^0)M2ECHIMGEQ +(ED &KNQA)QAMICA
^'QAY



0EQRRNM +2EOQNDTCSIUERSQASEGIERAMDEUNKTSINMIMColchicUm^0O )M$ELIQEY (YHASAX


.EDR 0QNCEEDSH/04)-!-EESIMG ^)RSAMBTK
0EQRRNM +  #NLLEMSR NM RNLE SERREKKASED ColchicUm ROECIER IM SHE %ARS -EDISEQQAMEAM AQEA
^#AMDNKKEA 
0EQRRNM +.EVAMDQEUIREDROECIERNFColchicUm#NKCHICACEAE FQNLSHE"AKJAM0EMIMRTKA^0K3XRS
%UNK 
0EQRRNM +ColchicUm,^O )M4AM +)ASQN ' %MDELIC0KAMSRNF'QEECE4HE0EKNONMMERE
^+BEMHAUM'ADR&NQKAG
0EQRRNM +ColchicUm,^O )M-AQHNKD +ED )!04)/0"CHQNLNRNLEDASA^4AWNM
 % %
0HISNR $A%IMEMETE!QSDEQ'ASSTMGCampanUlaATRDEQGIR^-ISS"NS-MCHEM 
0HISNR $B"EISQGEYTQ+EMMSMIRDEQCampanUlarUpestris 'QTOOE^0HXSNM(NQM  
0HISNR $"EISQGEYTQ+EMMSMIRDEQRDGIRCHEMCampanUla !QSEM^"EQ$ETSRCH"NS'ER 
0HISNR $$IEPTIMPTEKNJTKQEMCampanUla !QSEM^RSEQQ"NS:  
0HISNR $$IE'ASSTMGSymphyandraIMDEQGIR^"EQ$ETSRCH"NS'ER 
0HISNR $$IE'ASSTMGAUbrietaIM'QIECHEMKAMD^#AMDNKKEA  
0HISNR $  CentaUrea sibthorpii (AKCRX #NLONRISAE CardUeae A DIROTSABKE SAWNM ^ 0HXSNM (NQM
!TRSQIA  
0HISNR $ACampanUla merxmUelleri0HISNR^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ
7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
0HISNR $BCampanUlareiseri(AKCRX^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ 7
EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
0HISNR $CCentaUreaniederi(EKDQ^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ 7EDR
4HE2AQE$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
0HISNR $#NMRSAMSIMIDIR 4H!MEVROECIERNFCentaUreaRECSPhalolepisFQNL'QEECE^&K-EDIS
 
0HISNR $#NMRSAMSIMIDIR 4HAArenarialeUcadia0HISNR3SQID^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID !
3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR
77&FNQ.ASTQE
0HISNR $#NMRSAMSIMIDIR 4HBConsolida arenaria#AQKRSQL^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID !
3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR
77&FNQ.ASTQE
0HISNR $  $ALBNKDS *  "EISQGE YTQ &KNQA )NMICA ^ ))) #XSNSAWNMNLIRCHE "ELEQJTMGEM YT EIMIGEM
GQIECHIRCHEM#NLONRISEM^!MMAKER.ASTQH-TRETL7IEM 
0HISNR $  'ENQGIADIR 4H  ! OQNONR DT GQTOE DE CentaUrea achaia "NIRR  (EKDQ DE KA RECSINM
Acrocentron#ARR $#^"NS#HQNM 
0HISNR $+ALAQI ':XSNSAWNMNLIRCHE"EISQGEYTQ&KNQAUNM+QESA)^"NS.NSIREQ 
0HISNR $+XOQINSAJIR :AnthemisGlaberrima2ECHF 'QETSEQ^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID !
3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR
77&FNQ.ASTQE
0HISNR $3MNGEQTO 3!MEVROECIERNFAethionemaFQNL3JIQNR 'QEECE^"NS.NSIREQ 
0HISNR $3SQID !ArenarialeUcadia AMEVROECIERFQNLSHEIRKAMDNF,EUJAR7'QEECE ^"NS#HQNM
 
0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSR
NF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
0IGMASSI 3&KNQADa)SAKIA ^"NKNGMA
0IMSNDA3IKUA 2!Armeria7IKKD^0O )M4TSIM 4' (EXVNND 6( "TQGER .! -NNQE $-
6AKEMSIME $( 7AKSEQR 3-7EBB $!EDR &KNQA%TQNOAEA ^#ALBQIDGE#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
0NDKECH $4HEGEMTRAstraGalUs,&ABACEAE IM%TQNOEVISHEWCKTRINMNFSHEFNQLEQ3NUIES5MINM^
&EDD2EO^
0QILACJ 2",ERRNMRFQNLECNKNGICAKSHENQXDIROEQRAK ERSABKIRHLEMSAMDONOTKASINMRSQTCSTQE^0O
 )M&AKJ $! -IKKAQ #)-AQGAQES /EDR 2ERSNQIMGDIUEQRISXRSQASEGIERFNQQEIMSQNDTCSINM



NFEMDAMGEQEDOKAMSR^7ARHIMGSNM$#)RKAMD0QERR
1TYEK 0  #NMSQIBTSINM A KaSTDE OHXSNRNCINKNGIPTE DER OEKNTRER ECNQCHER CTKLIMAKER DT LARRIF DT
&AKAJQNM^"INR 
1TYEK 0#NMSAMSQINONTKNR * #NMSQIBTSINMAKaSTDEDEKANQEDERHATSERLNMSAGMERDE'QCE
^.AS-NMROEKIEMRIA 3QIE"NS 
1TYEK 03AMSA 3.NTUEKKENQEDEKa!KGQIEESDERQGINMRDREQSIPTERLQIDINMAKER ^0AQIR
2AABE 5 4AM + )ASQN ' 6NKD '0AQNKKX 'PolyGalaraUsiana0NKXGAKACEAE AMEVROECIERFQNL
SHEMNQSHEQM0EKNONMMERE 'QEECE^7IKKDEMNVIA 
2ECHIMGEQ +(A&KNQA!EGAEA&KNQADEQ)MREKMTMD(AKBIMREKMDERGIRCHEM-EEQER^$EMJRCH!JAD
7IRR7IEM -ASH .ASTQVIRR+K 88 OO OKASERAMDLAOR
2ECHIMGEQ +(B.EV"EISQGEYTQ&KNQAUNM+QESA^$EMJRCH!JAD7IRR7IEM -ASH .ASTQVIRR+K
 OO LAO
2ECHIMGEQ +("EQICHSBEQEIMEBNSAMIRCHE&NQRCHTMGRQEIREMACH+QESA^!MY!JAD7IRR7IEM -ASH
.ASTQVIRR+K OO
2ECHIMGEQ +('QTMDYGEDEQ0AMYEMUEQBQEISTMGIMDEQEGIR) ))^6EGESASIN   
 
2ECHIMGEQ +(0HXSNGENGQAOHIAAEGAEA^$EMJRCH!JAD7IRR7IEM -ASH .ASTQVIRR+K 
OO SABKER LAOR
2ECHIMGEQ +(:TQ+EMMSMIRDEQETQNOIRCHEM!QSEMDEQ'ASSTMGAlkanna^!MM.ASTQHIRS-TR7IEM
 
2EICHRSEIM 4 ,NUIR *$ 'QETSEQ 7:AQAM *$IE!ROKEMIEMDEQ)MREK+QESA^!MM-TR'NTKAMDQIR
 
2ICHAQDRNM )"+!QEUIRINMNFSHEGEMTRCentranthUs$#6AKEQIAMACEAE ^"NS*,IMM3NC

2NBBA , #AQIME -! 2TRREKK 3*  2AILNMDN &-  4HE LNMNOHXKX AMD EUNKTSINM NF Cynara ,
!RSEQACEAE REMRTKASNEUIDEMCEFQNLSHE)MSEQMAK4QAMRCQIBED3OACEQQEGINMNFMQ$.!^0K3XRS%UNK
 
2NTSRI %'ENQGIADIR 4H2EONQSR)M,UE ED #HQNLNRNLEMTLBEQQEONQSR8#)8^4AWNM 
 
2NTSRI %'ENQGIADIR 4H3XRSELASICQEUIEVNFCentaUrearUpestris, RECSINMAcrocentron#ARR $#
IM'QEECE^#AMDNKKEA 
2TMELAQJ (3STDIERIMSHE!EGEAMNQA)))CerastiUmcoronenseROMNU^"NS.NSIREQ  
2TMELAQJ (3STDIERIMSHE!EGEAM&KNQA8))#XSNKNGICAMDLNQOHNKNGICIMUERSIGASINMRIMCentaUrea
^"NS.NSIREQ 
2TMELAQJ ($IRSQIBTSINMOASSEQMRIMSHE!EGEAM^O )M$AUIR 0( (AQOEQ 0#(EDGE )#
EDR 0KAMSKIFEIM3NTSH 7ERS!RIA^%DIMBTQGH"NSAMICAK3NCIESX
2TMELAQJ (  Adonis , ^ O   )M 3SQID !  4AM + EDR &KNQA (EKKEMICA  ^ 2TGGEKK !2'
'AMSMEQ6EQKAG+'
2TMELAQJ (  0HISNR $  ! CNMSQIBTSINM SN SHE DIRSQIBTSINM NF SHE GEMTR CampanUla RECSIN
1UinQUelocUlares IM'QEECE^"NS#HQNM 
3AaAD &-4HEConVolVUlUsROECIERNFSHE#AMAQX)RKER SHE-EDISEQQAMEAMQEGINMAMDSHE.EAQAMD
-IDDKE%ARS^-EDED"NS-TR(EQB2IJR5MIU5SQECHSMN
3ABNUKEUI - 'AMEUA ! 4RAJIQI %SEFMT 3"QXNKNGXAMDBQXNOHXSEOQNSECSINMIMRNTSH EARSEQM
%TQNOE^"INK#NMREQU 
3ABNUKEUI - .ASCHEUA 2 $IHNQT ' 4RAJIQI % $QAGIEUI 3 %QDA !0AOO "#HECJ KIRSNFSHE
LNRRERNF3%%TQNOE^0HXS"AKCAM  
3AQIJA (ASYIMIJNKANT - 9AMMISRAQNR !"ABAKNMAR $4HELACQNOHXSICUEGESASINMNFREUEMAPTASIC
ECNRXRSELRNF%OIQTR.7'QEECE ^0HXSNCNEMNKNGIA  
3ATJEK * !MCHEU - 'TN 90 6ISJNUA ! .EDEKCHEUA ! 'NQAMNUA 6 +NMAJCHIEU ! ,ALBQNT - .EASI
3 2ATCHEMRSEIMEQ &%HQEMDNQFEQ &#NLLEMSRNMSHEBINRXRSELASICRNFAchillea!RSEQACEAE
Anthemideae IM"TKGAQIA^0HXSNK"AKCAM  
3CHMEKK $%#AQMIUNQNTR0KAMSRNFSHE5MISED3SASERAMD#AMADA^0NQSKAMD/24ILBEQ0QERR



3CHMBECJ 4ELERX %%HQEMDNQFEQ &AsperUla GarGanicaTMDAsemanensis YVEIMETE!QSEMATRDEL


/QIEMS TMDDIEOAKAEN LEDISEQQAME3EJSINMThliphthisa'QIREB %HQEMD2TBIACEAE ^"NS*AHQB3XRS
 
3CHMBECJ 4ELERX %%HQEMDNQFEQ &AAsperUla,^O )M3SQID !4AM +EDR -NTMSAIM
&KNQANF'QEECE ^%DIMBTQGH%DIMBTQGH5MIU0QERR
3CHMBECJ 4ELERX %  %HQEMDNQFEQ & B CrUciata -IKKEQ ^ O   )M 3SQID !  4AM + EDR 
-NTMSAIM&KNQANF'QEECE ^%DIMBTQGH%DIMBTQGH5MIU0QERR
3CHNSRLAM ($#NMSQIBTSINMKaSTDEDERCallitrichesDTBARRIMLDISEQQAMEMESDT-AQNC,EMNLBQE
CHQNLNRNLIPTEDECallitrichepUlchra3CHNSRL^"TKKSTD2ECH3C "IAQQISY 
3CHQEIBEQ (  7AKDGQEMYMAHE "TCHEMVKDEQ TMD 'QARKMDEQ DER &AKAJQNM TMD 0AMGNM IM
.NQDNRSGQIECHEMKAMD 3XMSAWNMNLIE 3SQTJSTQ TMD $XMALIJ ^ !QB )MRS ,AMDRCHARJNK 7ERSF
7IKHEKLR 5MIU-MRSEQ 
3CHTKEQ !  #HAQAJSEQAQSEM LISSEKETQNOIRCHEQ 0AMYEMGEREKKRCHAEM AM IHQEQ 6EQBQEISTMGRGQEMYE IM
'QIECHEMKAMD %IME 3STDIE YTL JNKNGIRCHEM TMD RXMSAWNMNLIRCHEM 6EQHAKSEM AL !QEAKQAMD ^ "NS
#HQNM 
3EGAK 3'EMEQAKSQEMDRIMRSQTCSTQEDEUEKNOLEMSDTQIMGRTCCERRINMNFAPTASICLACQNOHXSEUEGESASINM
^O )M3XLNEMR ** (NNOEQ 33#NLOEQE 0EDR 3STDIERNM!PTASIC6ARCTKAQ0KAMSR
^"QTRREKR2"NS3NC"EKGITL0TBK
3EKUI &"IGAYYI -2EUIRINMNFSHEGEMTRAnchUsa"NQAGIMACEAE "NQAGIMEAE IM'QEECE^"NS*,IMM
3NC 
3HNONUA -#XSNKNGICAKRSTDXIMGEMTRColchicUmFQNL-ACEDNMIA^'NDIRHEM:BNQM"INK3JNOE 
 
3IEBEQ &7;,ESSEQFQNL3IEBEQSN0NHK=b!MNAAL&TRRDER)DAATF#QESADEMSEM!TGTRSc
^&KNQA 
3JQEDE ) %IDEREM 0" 0NQSEKA 20"QNCHLAMM #2EFTGIA DIEQEMSIASINMAMDONRSGKACIAKLIGQASINM
IMAQCSIC AKOIME%TQARIA EWELOKIEDBXSHELNTMSAIMAUEMRDryas octopetala, ^-NK%CNK

3KAGEQEM UAM-77IKDVHEASRALNMNGOQAOHNFAeGilops,AMDAmblyopyrUm*ATB3OACH %IG
^7AGEMIMGEM !GQICTKSTQAK5MIUEQRISXAMD)#!2$!
3LISH !*%4HE-NRR&KNQANF"QISAIMAMD)QEKAMD MDED^#ALBQIDGE#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
3MNGEQTO 33STDIERIMSHE!EGEAM&KNQA)6BUpleUrUmaVUm&NQRJAMDQEKASEDROECIER^"NS.NSIREQ
 
3MNGEQTO 3AAethionemaretsina0HISNR3MNGEQTO^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3
'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ
.ASTQE
3MNGEQTO 3BAlyssUmteniUm(AKCRX^O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ 7
EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
3MNGEQTO 3 C AsyneUma GiGanteUm "NIRR "NQML ^ O   )M 0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3
'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ
.ASTQE
3MNGEQTO 3DBUpleUrUmcapillare"NIRR(EKDQ^O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3
'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ
.ASTQE
3MNGEQTO 33MNGEQTO "BUpleUrUm,5LBEKIFEQAE IM%TQNOE 4HEAMMTAKR BRECSBUpleUrUm
AMDRECSAristata^7IKKDEMNVIA 
3MNGEQTO 33MNGEQTO ",NCAKEMDELIRLIM%TQNOEAMAMMTAKBUpleUrUm5LBEKKIFEQAE ^"NCCNMEA
  
3MNGEQTO 3 3MNGEQTO " 0HISNR $+ALAQI '4HENQANF#HINRIRKAMD'QEECE ^"NS#HQNM
 
3MNGEQTO 3 3MNGEQTO " 3SALASIADNT % "NSHLEQ 2UNM'TRSAFRRNM -&KNQAAMDUEGESASINMNF
!MDQNR +IJKADHER 'QEECE^!MM-TR'NTKAMDQIR 
3NJNKNURJAXA !03SQEKJNUA /3+AQXNKNGICAKIMUERSIGASINMRNFSHEAKOIMENQANMSHELAIM#ATCARTR



QAMGEAMDSHEOQNBKELNFGENGQAOHICAKDIRSQIBTSINMNFONKXOKNIDR^#NLO2EMD!CAD3CI5332
 
3N 2 UNM  BEQ DIE LISSEKETQNOIRCHEM !QSEM TMD &NQLEM DEQ 'ASSTMG Consolida $# 3& 'QAX ^
RSEQQ"NS:   
3SEFAMIDIR +0AOARSEQGIADNT %!PTASICUEGESASINMAMDQEKASEDABINSICEMUIQNMLEMSIMARHAKKNV
TQBAMKAJENF'QEECE^"EKG*"NS  
3SEFAMNU "-NMNGQAXAMAQNDAColchicUm,^3BNQM"KG!JAD.ATJ 
3SEUEMR 0&|gkzkg !MGINROEQL0HXKNGEMX7EBRISE6EQRINM *TME;zkqtj|gsgsktkst=HSSOVVVLNBNSNQG-/"/4QEREAQCH!0VEB
3SNAMNU .+ISAMNU "%IMIGEMETETMDJQISIRCHE0AMYEMDEQ)MREK4HARNR^)YU"TKG"NS$QTYH
 
3SNAMNU .!3SEFAMN "&KNQAMA"TKGAQIA ED^3NA
3SNAMNU .! 3SEFAMN "+ISAMNU "0 &KNQAMA"TKGAQIAED UNKR OO^3NA
.ATJAI)YJTRSUN
3SQARREQ 77ERS +QESA"NSAMIRCHE3STDIEM^3SERBTQG0QIUOTBKBXSHEATSHNQ
3SQID !A2EONQSR)M,UE ED )/0"CHQNLNRNLEMTLBEQQEONQSR8#)))^4AWNM  
3SQID !B-NTMSAIM&KNQANF'QEECE #ALBQIDGE#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
3SQID ! C Adonis cyllenea 2AMTMCTKACEAE AMD HelichrysUm taenari !RSEQACEAE QEDIRCNUEQED IM
0EKNONMMIRNR^!MM-TR'NTKAMDQIR 
3SQID ! D Clematis , ^ 0O   )M 3SQID ! ED -NTMSAIM &KNQA NF 'QEECE  ^ #ALBQIDGE
#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
3SQID ! E Potentilla , ^ 0O   M 3SQID ! ED -NTMSAIM NQA NF 'QEECE  ^ #ALBQIDGE
#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
3SQID !ACUscUta,^0O )M3SQID !4AM +EDR -NTMSAIM&KNQANF'QEECE ^%DIMBTQGH
%DIMBTQGH5MIU0QERR
3SQID ! B CynoGlossUm , ^ 0O   )M 3SQID !  4AM + EDR -NTMSAIM &KNQA NF 'QEECE 
^%DIMBTQGH%DIMBTQGH5MIU0QERR
3SQID !CSymphyandra!$# 0O M3SQID !4AM +EDR -NTMSAIMNQANF'QEECE 
%DIMBTQGH%DIMBTQGH5MIU0QERR
3SQID !Adoniscyllenea"NIRR (EKDQ/QOH^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ 7
EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
3SQID !ACerastiUm,^0O )M3SQID !4AM +EDR &KNQA(EKKEMICA ^+MIGRSEIM+NEKSY
3CIEM"NNJR
3SQID !BDianthUs,^0O M3SQID !4AM +EDR &KNQA(EKKEMICA ^+MIGRSEIM+NEKSY
3CIEM"NNJR
3SQID !AConsolida$# 3&'QAX^0O )M3SQID !4AM +EDR &KNQA(EKKEMICA ^2TGGEKK
!2''AMSMEQ6EQKAG+'
3SQID !BAQUileGia,^0O )M3SQID !4AM+EDR &KNQA(EKKEMICA ^2TGGEKK!2''AMSMEQ
6EQKAG+'
3SQID !&QAMYM 22EONQSR)M,UE ED )/0"CHQNLNRNLEMTLBEQQEONSQR,88)))^4AWNM 
 
3SQID !&QAMYM 2#HQNLNRNLEMTLBEQRIMNVEQIMGOKAMSRFQNL'QEECE^7IKKDEMNVIA 

3SQID !4AM +EDR &KNQA(EKKEMICA ^+MIGRSEIM+NEKSY3CIEM"NNJR
3SQID !4AM +EDR &KNQAAMDUEGESASINMNF.NQSH%ARS'QEECEIMCKTDIMG4HARNRAMD3ALNSHQAJI^
#NOEMHAGEM2EONQS"NS)MRS5MIU#NOEMHAGEM
4AKKAMSIQE 04HEOAKENHIRSNQXNFSHEGQEXAKDEQAlnUsincana, -NEMCH AMDBKACJAKDEQAlnUsGlUtinosa
, 'AEQSM IM&EMMNRCAMDIA^.EV0HXSNK 
4AM +CampanUlaasperUloides"NIRR/QOH %MGKEQ^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO
3'QETSEQ 7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ
.ASTQE
4AM +)ASQN 'AstraGalUslaconicUs)ASQN+IS4AM)M'QETSEQ 72ATR 4HEDR -ED #HECJKIRS



.NSTKAE ^7IKKDEMNVIA 


4AM +)ASQN '%MDELICOKAMSRNF'QEECE4HE0EKNONMMERE^+BEMHAUM'ADR&NQKAG
4AM +-IKK 2CerastiUmdominici+IS4AM2-IKK^0O)M$AUIR 0( -IKK 224AM +EDR
&KNQANF4TQJEXAMDSHE%ARS!EGEAM)RKAMDR ^%DIMBTQGH%DIMBTQGH5MIU0QERR
4AM +0ESQNUA !.NLEMCKASTQAKMNSER^0HXSNK"AKCAM  
4AM +3SEUAMNUI 6Draba,^0O )M3SQID !4AM +EDR &KNQA(EKKEMICA ^2TGGEKK
!2''AMSMEQ6EQKAG+'
4AM +3SQID !!MEVAstraGalUs&ABACEAE FQNLRNTSHEQM0EKNONMMIRNR^0K3XRS%UNK 
4AM + %KEHEQIADNT %4HENDNQNONTKNR +!DDISINMRSN&KNQA(EKKEMICA ArabisprocUrrens^&IRI

4AM + 3JAR '6NKD 'Consolidaarenaria#AQKRSQL)M'QETSEQ 72ATR 4HEDR -ED #HECJKIRS
.NSTKAE ^7IKKDEMNVIA 
4AM + 6NKD '  3SQID !  Alkanna skasiana AMD A sartoriana "NQAGIMACEAE IM SHE 0EKNONMMERE
RNTSHEQM'QEECE^&IRI 
4HNLORNM +(NDGRNM *+-NQENMSHEBINGENGQAOHXNFRCAQCEUARCTKAQOKAMSR^"INK#NMREQU
 
4NLKIMRNM 0"0NRKTRYMX 5'EMEQICKILISRIMSHE:AMMICHEKKIACEAEREMRT$TLNQSIEQ ^4AWNM
 
4NNQM *UAMDEQ-NNJ *(4HEIMTEMCENFEMUIQNMLEMSAKFACSNQRAMDLAMAGELEMSNMRSAMDRNF
PhraGmitesaUstralis)^!OOK%CNK 
4NQMADNQE . -EQCTCCI 2-AQCHINQI 3AeGialophilapUmilio, "NIRR!RSEQACEAE AMEVROECIERIM
)SAKX^)RQAEK*0K3C  
4QIGAR 0)ASQN 'AsperUlaRECSCynanchicae brachyphylla ROECMNUA2TBIACEAE FQNLSHE)RKAMD
NF%UUIA'QEECE ^0HXSNM(NQM !TRSQIA   
4QIGAR 04YAMNTDAJIR $AlliUmrUnemarkii,IKIACEAE AMEVROECIERFQNLSHEIRKAMDNF%UUIA7
!EGEAM 'QEECE ^.NQDIC*"NS 
4QIGAR 0 #NMRSAMSIMIDIR 4H4NTKNTLEMIDNT 4!MEVHEWAOKNIDROECIERNFCentaUreaRECSAcrolophUs
#NLONRISAECardUeae FQNL%UUIAIRKAMD 'QEECE^"NS*,IMM3NC  
4RIRIR 3 +AQAGIAMMAJIDNT 64RIQIOIDIR )4HENQCHIDNQANF%ARS-ACEDNMIA.%'QEECE ^*%TQ
/QCH  
4RIQIOIDIR )!SHAMARIADIR .#NMSQIBTSINMSNSHEJMNVKEDGENFSHEUARCTKAQNQANF.%'QEECENQIRSIC
CNLONRISINMNFSHEBEECH&aGUssylVatica, FNQERSRIMSHE'QEEJ2NDNOI^7IKKDEMNVIA 
4TQKAMD .*A&KNQIRSICMNSERFQNL#QESE^"NS*,IMM3NC 
4TQKAMD .*B3STDIERNMSHE#QESAMNQA&KNQIRSICMNSER^"TKK"QIS-TR.AS(IRS "NS 
4TQKAMD .*C3STDIERNMSHE#QESAMNQA4HEDianthUsjUniperinUsCNLOKEW#AQXNOHXKKACEAE ^"TKK
"QIS-TR.AS(IRS "NS 
4TQKAMD .*ABelleValiabreVipedicellata4TQQIKK^0O )M0HISNR $ 3SQID ! 3MNGEQTO 3'QETSEQ
7EDR 4HE2ED$ASA"NNJNF2AQEAMD4HQEASEMED0KAMSRNF'QEECE^!SHEMR77&FNQ.ASTQE
4TQKAMD .*B0QNONRAKSNCNMREQUESHEMALECentaUreapUmilio,#NLONRISAE VISHACNMREQUEDSXOE
^4AWNM 
4TQKAMD .*C,IMMAETRaRIMSEQOQESASINMNF0QNROEQN!KOIMNaRDeplantisexoticisVISHROECIAKELOHARIRNM
SHENQANF#QESE^"TKK"QIS-TR.AS(IRS "NS 
4TQKAMD .*  ,ECSNSXOICASINM NF CampanUla saxatilis PhyteUma pinnatUm AMD VerbascUm arctUrUs
,IMMAEAMMALERNFSHQEESAWAEMDELICSN#QESE^7IKKDEMNVIA3OECIAK)RRTE  
4TQKAMD .*Anthemissamariensis!RSEQACEAE Anthemideae AMEVROECIERFQNLSHELNTMSAIMRNF7
+QISI'QEECE ^7IKKDEMNVIA 
4TQKAMD .*#HIKSNM ,3STDIERNMSHE#QESAMNQA!DDISINMRSNSHENQANF+AQOASHNR^"TKK"QIS
-TR.AS(IRS "NS 
4TQKAMD .*#HIKSNM ,!QEUIRINMNFCentaUreaarGentea#NLONRISAE CardUeae AMEMDELICROECIER
NF+QISIAMD+ISHIQA'QEECE ^"NS#HQNM 
4TQKAMD .* #HIKSNM ,0QERR *2&KNQANFSHE#QESAMAQEAAMMNSASEDCHECJKIRSAMDASKAR^,NMDNM
.AS(IRS-TRETL(-3/



4TQQIKK 7"/MSHENQANFSHE'AKKIONKIOEMIMRTKA^"TKK-IRC)MFNQL+EV    


    
4TQQIKK 7"/MSHENQANFSHE.EAQEQ%ARS88)).EVQECNQDRAMDMEVROECIERFQNL'QEECEAMDSHE
'QEEJIRKAMDR^"TKK-IRC)MFNQL+EV  
4TSIM 4'Symphyandra!$#^0M4TSIM 4' (EXVNND 6( "TQGER .! -NNQE $- 6AKEMSIME
$( 7AKSEQR 3-7EBB $!EDR &KNQA%TQNOAEA ^#ALBQIDGE#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
4YAMNTDAJIR $#HQNLNRNLERSTDIERIMSHE'QEEJNQA)+AQXNSXOERNFRNLE!EGEAM!MGINROEQLR
^"NS(EKU 
4YAMNTDAJIR $  AlliUm aeGilicUm !KKIACEAE A MEV ATSTLM NVEQIMG ROECIER FQNL SHE IRKAMD NF
!MSIJISHIQA'QEECE ^"NS#HQNM 
4YAMNTDAJIR $4HEGEMTRAlliUmIM'QEECEAGEMTRQEOQEREMSASIUENFSHENQIRSICQICHMERRAMDDIUEQRISX
NFSHEAQEA^0O )MYHASAX.ED 0QNCEEDIMGRNFSHE3ECNMD"AKJAM"NSAMICAK#NMGQERR
^)RSAMBTK
4YAMNTDAJIR $ +XOQINSAJIR :#HQNLNRNLERSTDIERIMSHE'QEEJNQA)))+AQXNSXOERNFEIGHS!EGEAM
ROECIER^"NS(EKU  
4YAMNTDAJIR $+XOQINSAJIR :AlliUmplatakisii AMEVROECIERFQNLSHE'QEEJIMRTKAQNQA^&K-EDIS
 
4YAMNTDAJIR $4AM +AlliUmsamothracicUm4YAMNTD 3SQID+IS4AM AMEVROECIERFQNLSHE.NQSH
!EGEAMAQEA 'QEECE^0NQSTGAK!CSA"INK 
4YAMNTDAJIR $ )ASQN 'Q +XOQINSAJIR :  #HQIRSNDNTKAJIR $  #XSNGENGQAOHICAK RSTDIER IM RNLE
!EGEAM,IKIACEAE^"NS#HQNM 
5NSIKA 0Althenia0ESIS^0O )M$AUIR0(ED &KNQANF4TQJEXAMDSHE%ARS!EGEAM)RKAMDR
^%DIMBTQGH%DIMBTQGH5MIU0QERR
6ARRIKIADER $Alkannasartoriana"NQAGIMACEAE AMEMDAMGEQEDROECIER^"NS#HQNM 
6ARRIKIADER $AstraGalUsidaeUs&ABACEAE QEDIRCNUEQEDIM#QESE^"NS#HQNM 
6ARRIKIADER $0EQRRNM +!MEVVIMSEQ NVEQIMGROECIERNFColchicUmFQNL'QEECE^0QERKIA0QAHA
^
6ARRIKIADER $$9AMMISRAQNR !'/QOHAMIDERaRBERSDIRCNUEQX^"NS#HQNM 
6ARRIKEUA )-#HQNLNRNLEMTLBEQRIMSHEGEMTRAQUileGia2AMTMCTKACEAE NFSHENQANFSHE5332
^"NSTQM
6EQLETKEM 03STDIERNMDACSXKNQCHIDR5SQECHS
6KACHNR 3 #HQIRSNDNTKAJIR $+ALAQI '4HENQANF-NTMS"NTLIRSNR.73SEQEA%KKAR 'QEECE 
ROECIERKIRSAMDCHNQNKNGICAKMNSER^&K-EDIS 
7AGEMISY 'CentaUreapseUdocadmea EIMEMETE!QSDEQ3EJSINMPhalolepisATR'QIECHEMKAMD^!MM
.ASTQHIRS-TR7IEM 
7AGEMISY '  CentaUrea , ^ 0O   )M $AUIR 0( ED -ASEQIAKR FNQ A NQA NF 4TQJEX 888
#NLONRISAE ^.NSER2NX"NS'AQD%DIMBTQGH 
7AGEMISY '&KNQIRSICCNMMECSINMRBESVEEMSHE"AKJAM0EMIMRTKAAMDSHE.EAQ%ARSAREWELOKIEDBXSHE
GEMTRCentaUrea^0O )M*NQDAMNU $ "NMDEU ) +NTHAQNU 3 +TYLAMNU 6 0AKALAQEU %
6EKEU 6EDR 0QNBKELRNF"AKJAM&KNQAAMD6EGESASINM^3NA0TBK"TKGAQIAM!CAD3CIEM
7AGEMISY '.AHE6EQVAMDSRCHAYVIRCHEM!QSEMDEQCentaUrea 3EJSINMEMAcrolophUsTMDPhalolepis
^&KNQA 
7AGEMISY ''ALAK %KDIM %:TQ+EMMSMIRDEQGQIECHIRCHEMCentaUrea !QSEMDEQ3EJSINMAcrocentron
^"NS*AHQB3XRS   
7AGEMISY '  (EKKVIG &(  %UNKTSINM NF CHAQACSEQR AMD OHXKNGEMX NF SHE CentaUreinae ^ 0O 
 )M (IMD $*.  "EEMSE (* EDR #NLONRISAE 3XRSELASICR 0QNCEEDIMGR NF SHE )MSEQMASINMAK
#NLONRISAE#NMFEQEMCE +EV2NXAK"NS'AQDEMR
7AIMER *'"AQMHAQS $"INRXRSELASICQEREAQCHIMAeGilopsAMDTriticUm^(EQEDISAR 
7AIMER *' (IKT +3HAQLA(3OECIERFNQLASINMIMAeGilopsAMDTriticUm^0O )M%RSE *2
4XQK 2*"QTMJEM*.EDR 'QARRERAMD'QARRKAMDR^/JKAHNLA
7AKSEQ +3'IKKESS (*)5#.2ED,IRSNF4HQEASEMED0KAMSR^'KAMD#ALBQIDGE4HE7NQKD
#NMREQUASINM5MINM OO



7EBB $! A Biebersteinia 3SEOHAM ^ 0  )M 4TSIM 4' (EXVNND 6( "TQGER .! -NNQE $-
6AKEMSIME $( 7AKSEQR 3-7EBB $!EDR &KNQA%TQNOAEA ^#ALBQIDGE#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
7EBB $!BCoriaria,^0)M4TSIM 4' (EXVNND 6( "TQGER .! -NNQE $- 6AKEMSIME $(
7AKSEQR 3-7EBB $!EDR &KNQA%TQNOAEA ^#ALBQIDGE#ALBQIDGE5MIU0QERR
7EKJEQ *- -NKAT 5 0AQRNMR !. 2NBIMRNM #(7NNJEX 0!2ERONMRERNFDryasoctopetalaSN
)4%8EMUIQNMLEMSAKLAMIOTKASINMRARXMSHERIRVISHCIQCTLONKAQCNLOAQIRNMR^'KNB#HAMGE"INK3 
 
7IJKTMD !4HEGEMTRCynara,!RSEQACEAE #AQDTEAE ^"NS*,IMM3NC 
7IKKIMG %  DactylorhiZa IM .NQDVERSGQIECHEMKAMD METE %QJEMMSMIRRE ^ *AHQERBEQ .ASTQVIRR 6EQ
7TOOEQSAK 
7ISJNVRJI :* +QK 73NKAQY 7EDR #AQOASHIAM,IRSNF%MDAMGEQED3OECIER^6IEMMA +QAJV77&
AMD)MRSNF.ASTQE#NMREQU 0NKIRH!CAD3CIEM
7NKF 4-NMNGQAOHIEDEQ'ASSTMGPotentilla^"IBKINSH"NS(E  
7NKF % 'AGE %  #NNOEQ $*  Drosera rotUndifolia , QNTMDKEAF RTMDEV  A SECHMICAK
CNMREQUASINM ARRERRLEMS ;tMKIME= ^ 53$! &NQERS 3EQUICE 2NCJX -NTMSAIM 2EGINM
HSSOVVVFRFEDTRQOQNECSRRCOARRERRLEMSRDQNREQAQNSTMDIFNKIAODF
9AMMISRAQNR !' #NMRSAMDIMIDIR 4!6ARRIKIADER $$4HEQEDIRCNUEQXNFBiebersteinia orphanidis
"NIRR'EQAMIACEAE IM'QEECE^"NS*,IMM3NC 
9NJNXALA * 3TYTJI - )VASRTJI +(AREBE --NKECTKAQOHXKNGEMXNFCoriaria VISHROECIAKELOHARIR
NMSHEDIRTMCSDIRSQIBTSINM^-NKEC0HXK%UNK  
:AQAM *5ME#ALOAMTKEMNTUEKKEDEKANQECQSNIRECampanUlaaiZoides:AQAM^"TKK3NC"NS
&QAMCE 
:AQAM *,ER0SQIDNOHXSERDEKaKEDE#QSE^)RQAEK*"NS 
:AQAM *#NMSQIBTSINMRKANQEESKAUGSASINMDEKA#QSE&KNQIRSIPTE^!IWEM0QNUEMCE5MIU
DE0QNUEMCE
:AQAM *#NMSQIBTSINMRKANQEESKAUGSASINMDEKA#QSE^!IWEM0QNUEMCE5MIUDE0QNUEMCE
:AJHAQIXEUA /)  -AJTRHEMJN ,-  #HQNLNRNLE MTLBEQR NF LNMNCNSXKEDNMR BEKNMGIMG SN SHE
FALIKIER,IKIACEAE )QIDACEAE !LAQXKKIDACEAEAMD!QACEAE^"NS:HTQM M2TRRIAM 
:ALAMIR ! 3ALAQAR 3 3SAUQNONTKNR .$IKKE *2EONQSNFAMEWOEDISINMSNQERCTEGEQLOKARLNFVIKD
ROECIERNFVHEASAMDQEKASIUER^3CIEM"TKKMN 4HERRAKNMIJI'QEEJ'EME"AMJ OO
:HNT;#HEN= 49 ,T;,NT= ,, 9AMG '!K 3HEHBAY )!"QARRICACEAE#QTCIFEQAE ^0O )M
7T :92AUEM 0(EDR &KNQANF#HIMA ^"EIIMG 3CIEMCE0QERRAMD3S,NTIR -IRRNTQI"NSAMICAK
'AQDEM0QERR
:NHAQX $)LBEQ $'EMESICDILNQOHIRLIMFQTISSXOERIMAeGilopsspeltoides^(EQEDISX 
ngsgjm kqgjm DroserarotUndifolia,|gDroseraintermedia(AXME jtsgkjmm
{{ms|~{pqjg^zzk~t{kpztsg|ggt{tig 
ngsgjm {konkqjto AlnUsincana-NEMCHRTBROincanasgstkjt|goztkjtig
msk{{ms|~{pqjg^zzkmgt{tig|gvokqh{{tst kg{ts|m 

ngsgjm  ktjpqzto{t {konkqjto !KMESTLIMCAMAE!ICHES3IEGEQ!KMESTL
IMCAMAESXOICTL7% : tjo|k{{ms|gmtqtkqmtjzm^zzk
gt{tig|gvokqh{{tst kg{ts|m  
{zqm q~jkmqm|gmgqznto^(q{|ktqtmnkopq|
sjqzto{t qgstto vgqgii|m rt{immmzqtkqgmgzqtggps}ostons|tqotmqsmng^|jtmtg|t{tig|ggrst| gt{tig
nsg
z{gj tqigsm zsg|gksjm|}otons|tqotqsmng^nsgkq}
| gqsmng
gss|t {pqj|zt|{mgpsqps{to^kgzo~g|gqh kpzts|gst
nmss nsg
gssgqt !g{kjm g.kgsg}tqtoAdoniscyllenea"NIRR (EKDQ/QOHIM"NIRR
gzmsk{tzssmtR{{ ^qg||togsk{{zos{{ms|gqt{z -



{t k{ kgii{|zkq{mm 
gssgqt g{kjm hzgqtogmCoriaria myrtifolia,ms{{jg^qg||to
zos{{ms|tgqkg k{}t  |phqto kg{ts|m k{ 
gssgqt  gq|g   t   ~{pqjg m sto m {sm ghjg ^
qg|| to gsk{{ z os {{ms| t gqkg   gto  psssg
HSSOVVVHBRGQILAGERRSNQIEROQAJSIJAOQAJSIJA ODF
|gsg ~{pq|gmh{mm{smpspgsssps^zkqp|g 
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