Qun l b nh trong Java

Cc instruction ca mt chng trnh ang chy v d liu lin quan c lu tr tm thi trong
b nh my tnh. Nu bn l mt ngi lp trnh Java, th bn khng cn phi lo lng v vic
qun l b nh bi v cc JVM v GC(garbage Collector) s lm cng vic ny. Tuy nhin, bn
cn bit cch thc t chc qun l b nh ca Java. iu ny s gip bn hiu cch thc m mt
i tng c to ra. Nh trong hnh di y, mt d liu ca chng trnh c t ti hai
khu vc khc nhau trong b nh: stack v heap. Stack v heap tham chiu n nhng cch(hoc
ni) khc nhau lu tr trong b b nh cc phn t ca mt chng trnh ang chy.

Lu tr Stack
Cc phn t sau y s c lu tr trong Stack:

Bin cc b(local): Cc bin kiu tham tr(hay kiu nguyn thy) c nh ngha bn
trong mt phng thc hay lm tham s ca cc phng thc.
Bin tham chiu cc b: Cc bin tham chiu n mt i tng v c nh ngha bn
trong mt phng thc hay lm tham s cho cc phng thc. Hy lu rng mt i
tng m mt bin cc b tham chiu n c lu tr trn heap m khng phi trn
stack.
Triu gi phng thc: Khi bn gi mt phng thc, th phng thc c y vo
Stack(c th l nh ca Stack).

Bin cc b c khai bo bn trong mt phng thc, v phm vi ca mt bin cc b k t lc

khai bo n cui phn thc thi ca phng thc ny. Khi phn thc thi phng thc c hon
tt, cc bin cc b trong phng thc s c gii phng. Nhng cc i tng m mt s bin
cc b tham chiu n c th vn cn sng v vn c lu tr trn Heap.

Lu tr Heap
Cc phn t sau y s c lu tr trong Heap:

Bin th hin(instance): l cc bin kiu tham tr(hay bin nguyn thy) c nh

ngha bn trong mt lp nhng c khai bo bn ngoi ca tt c cc phng thc trong
lp .

Bin tham chiu th hin(instance): l cc bin tham chiu n mt i tng v c

nh ngha bn trong mt lp nhng c khai bo bn ngoi tt c cc phng thc ca
lp .
i tng: i din cho cc thc th trong cc vn th gii thc m cc chng trnh
Java c gng gii quyt. Tt c cc i tng lun lun c lu tr trn b nh Heap.
Cc i tng khi khng cn c s dng(hay tham chiu) ti s c GC triu gi
gii phng b nh.