11/5/2014

CR4 - Thread: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.
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Anonymous
Poster

What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.
04/10/2010 10:35 AM

can anybody tell, what is Differance between root area and tensile stress area for bolt. in ASME B 1.1 tensile stress area is given . can i use
tensile stress area in bolted flange calculation as per ASME SEC8 DIV. 1 APPE. 2 , OR BS PD 5500. as i have noticed that tensile stress area
is more than root area ( for 8 un).as per this flange will pass, but not with root area.
i m performing flange calculation for 2500#, DESIGN COND.- PRESS- 42.25 MPa at 38 deg. cel,and 42 MPa at temp- 110deg cel. flange
material- astm A694 GR F52 , BOLT MATERIAL A193 B7, FLANGE SIZE 2". PLZ. GIVE ME SOLUTION ......................

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#2 "Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area." by jhunter1972 on 04/10/2010 3:48 PM (score 3)
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#1 "Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area." by nick name on 04/10/2010 12:24 PM (score 1)

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Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.

#1

04/10/2010 12:24 PM

The value of the stress area was established, after series of tests, as the area of a straight beam breaking under same force as the bolt. It
is a fictive equivalent dimension. With FEA capability it is possible to use exact thread dimensions but all values for computation in the
standards are based on the stress area value.

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jhunter1972
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Join Date: Mar 2010
Posts: 133
Good Answers: 7

Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.

#2

04/10/2010 3:48 PM

Nick name is correct.

Here is a solution for metric and inch;
The effective cross-sectional area of the threaded rod that resists rod fracture is the tensile stress area. It has been observed during the
testing of threaded rod that an unthreaded rod, having a diameter equal to the mean of the pitch diameter and the minor diameter has the
same tensile strength as the threaded rod. This cross-sectional area called the tensile stress area is used for the purposes of calculating the
tensile strength of the rod.
For metric series, the tensile stress area (for steel) = (PI/4)*(D-0.938194P)2
For inch series, the tensile stress area (for steel) = (PI/4)*[D-(0.9743/n)]2
where
D = nominal diameter, P = thread pitch, n = threads per inch, PI = 3.1416

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11/5/2014

CR4 - Thread: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.
Don't be confused with Root area - a more conservative stress area that is still widely used such as in ASME B31.1 code. Root area is based
on the root diameter of the threads, and therefore its stress area is smaller than the tensile stress area. Root area is not based on
experimental data. It is designed to introduce a factor of safety in thread strength calculations. The designer pruposely assumes a "root"
stress area smaller than the "real" tensile stress area to be sure that the rod isn't overstressed in service.
For metric series, the root area = (PI/4)*(D-1.3P)2
For inch series, the root area = (PI/4)*[D-(1.3/n)]2

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ASTM A193
Scope

Originally approved in 1936, this specification is heavily utilized in petroleum and chemical construction applications. The ASTM standard
covers alloy steel and stainless steel bolting materials for high temperature service. This specification includes fasteners intended for use in
pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings. Although, this material is often available in national coarse (UNC) thread pitches, if being
used in traditional applications, threads are specified 8 threads per inch (tpi) for diameters above one inch.
Below is a basic summary of a few of the common grades. ASTM A193 covers a number of other standard specifications not covered in this
description including B5, B6, and B16.

Grades
B7 Alloy steel, AISI 4140/4142 quenched and tempered
B8 Class 1 Stainless steel, AISI 304, carbide solution treated.
B8M Class 1 Stainless steel, AISI 316, carbide solution treated.
B8 Class 2 Stainless steel, AISI 304, carbide solution treated, strain hardened
B8M Class 2 Stainless steel, AISI 316, carbide solution treated, strain hardened

Mechanical Properties
Grade

Size

Tensile ksi, min Yield, ksi, min Elong, %, min RA % min

Up to 2-1/2

125

105

16

50

2-5/8 - 4

115

95

16

50

4-1/8 - 7

100

75

18

50

All

75

30

30

50

B8M Class 1 All

75

30

30

50

Up to 3/4

125

100

12

35

7/8 - 1

115

80

15

35

1-1/8 - 1-1/4 105

65

20

35

1-3/8 - 1-1/2 100

50

28

45

Up to 3/4

110

95

15

45

7/8 - 1

100

80

20

45

1-1/8 - 1-1/4 95

65

25

45

1-3/8 - 1-1/2 90

50

30

45

B7
B8 Class 1

B8 Class 2

B8M Class 2

Hope this is a help to you

jhunter
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jhunter1972
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Anonymous
Poster

Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.
04/11/2010 10:16 AM

Go to first "Almost" Good Answer

#3
In reply to #2

so if i use tensile stress area for flange calculation,that means i m not considering the factore of safety. if i use root area , flange will fail
but not with the case of tensile stress area.is that means ,flange is acceptable ?

jhunter1972
Power-User
Join Date: Mar 2010
Posts: 133
Good Answers: 7

Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.
04/11/2010 7:22 PM

#4
In reply to #3

Root area is based on the root diameter of the threads, and therefore its stress area is smaller than the tensile stress area. Root area is
not based on experimental data. It is designed to introduce a factor of safety in thread strength calculations. The designer pruposely
assumes a "root" stress area smaller than the "real" tensile stress area to be sure that the rod isn't overstressed in service.
Cheers,
jhunter
__________________
jhunter1972

BoltIntegrity
Power-User

Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.

#5

04/12/2010 8:32 AM

Looks like I'm late to this party. Oh well, better late than never...
You've noticed the discrepancy because the ASME calc doesn't use the actual tensile stress area.

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11/5/2014

CR4 - Thread: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area.
Here some other formulas which are used in this regard:

Join Date: Aug 2008

Location: Europe
Posts: 287
Good Answers: 27

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#2 "Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area." by jhunter1972 on 04/10/2010 3:48 PM (score 3)
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#1 "Re: What is the difference between root area and tensile stress area." by nick name on 04/10/2010 12:24 PM (score 1)

Users who posted comments:

Anonymous Poster (1); BoltIntegrity (1); jhunter1972 (2); nick name (1)

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