tcsdefrSm 1938 ckESpfjzpf\/

wpfaeUo AdkvfcsKyfatmif;qef;aps;Sd rdef;rtusrsm;

csKyfvkyfaom qdkifwpfqdkifESifh rvSrf;rurf;ae&m avmuf
wGifarmfawmfum; teufuav;wpfpD; vm&yfav\/
xdkum;ay:rS jrefrmrdef;racsmav;wpfOD;onf qif;vmjyD;
vQif txufuqdkcJhaomtuscsKyfqdkiftwGif;odkU 0ifoGm;
jyD; xdkacmwfu bdktppfeJU bdkujym;rav;rsm;om0wf
avhSdaom abmhwfwpfac: twGif;cHtusESpfxnfudk
csKyfvkyfay;&ef tyfESHav\/
xdkodkUtyfESH&mwGif xdkqdkiftwGif;odkUreufqdkifzGifhpOf
uyifa&mufSd tcsdefjzKef;aeaom rdef;rESpfOD;teuf wpf
OD;aom rdef;ru if;wdkUESpfOD; tcsif;csif; ajymav[efjzifh
abmhwfwpftyfaeaom rdef;uav;Bum;avmufatmif t
oHudkjrSifh ...
]]tdkifwdkUuawmh a[m'Dqdkufu tefwDat;BuD;eJU cif
wmBumygjyD/ 'gayr,fhawmh olYqDrSmawmh wpfcgrSawmh
abmhwfwpfrtyfzl;bl;/ azm&drf;rdwftppfyJ 0wfw,fav}}
[kajymvdkufav\/ xdktcg usefwpfa,mufu....
]]tckawmhuG,f awmu [mawGjrdKUudkufzrf;jyD; acR;cH
tusr0wfyJ abmhwfwpfawGbmawG0wfvmBuygjyD/ 'g
ayr,fh tdkifwdkU? ,lwdkU0wfwmrsdK;awmh b,f[kwfrvJ
uG,f/ vdku,frdwfawGyJ oHk;wwfao;wmaygh}}
[kajymvdkufav\/
xdktcg tustyfaeaom rdef;uav;u rodromxdkrdef;
rESpfOD;udk iJhapmif;Bunfhvdkufav\/ xdkodkUBunfhvdkuf
vQifyif tefwDat;\ qdkiftwGif; tcsdefjzKef;aeaom
xdkrdef;rESpfOD;rSm txufwef;pm;*dkufzrf;aeaomvnf;
2

aiGwdk;acs;aeonfh cspfwD;ukvm;r,m;i,fjzpfkcif;xufydk
jzpfcGifhr&Edkifaom olrsm;jzpfaBumif;udk &dyfrdoGm;av\/
xdkUaBumifh rdef;uav;u qdkifydkifSif tefwDat;qdkaom
tkyfBuD;oavmuf taygufqdk;aom rdef;rBuD;tm;usoifh
aiGrsm;Sif;ay;jyD;vQif...
]]'DrSmtefwD ... uRefrt&ifuawmh EdkifiHjcm;uvmwJh
twGif;cHtusawG0wfygw,f/ tckawmhvnf; tJ'gawGu
cspfwD;ukvm; wwd,ajrmufr,m;i,fwdkY? pwkwajrmuf
r,m;i,fwdkUu 0wfaeBuwmeJU pdwfxJrowDovdk jzpf
aewmeJu ydwfp0,fjyD; vuf&maumif;aumif;cskyfwwfwJh
qdkifrSm csKyfjyD;0wfwmyJ}}
[kajymvdkuf&m aomomu rdef;rESpfOD;onf ae&mrS
0kef;ceJ xvdkufjyD;vQif...
]]a[h..a[h.. tJ'gb,folUudkajymwmwkef;}}
[kar;vdkufav\/
]]'DqdkifxJrSmtustyfwJhvl&,f? tuscsKyfwJhvl&,ftjyif
vlydkqdkvdkU eifwdkUESpfa,mufyJSdwmyJ/ eifwdkUudk rajymvdkU
b,folUudkajym&rSmwkef;}}
[k xdkrdef;racsmujyefajymvdkuf&m xdkrdef;rESpfOD;onf
aSUodkU wdk;vmBuav\/ xdktcg rdef;racsmuav;u...
]]pOf;pO;fpm;pm;vkyfaemf trdwdkU/ eifwdkUvif cspfwD;uk
vm;r[kwfbl;/ 'Dxufwdk;vmvdkUSd&if yg;kdufcsvdkufvdkUSd
pkrJhpkoGm;uav;awG usKd;oGm;&if e*dkutkyfqdk;&wJh txJ
o&JreJU wloGm;r,f}}
[kajymvdkuf&m xdkrdef;rESpfOD;onf a'go,rf;tdk;udk rD;

wkwfeJU wdkUvdkufouJhodkUjzpfum xdkrdef;uav;\ uspf pf

pGm xHk; xm;aomqHwHk;udk wpfa,mufu zrf;,lqGJ\/
usefwpfa,mufu 0ifvHk;&ef wpfSdefxdk;ajy;vmav\/
xdktcg rdef;uav;onf qHyifqGJaomvufudk zrf; vdrf
jyD;vQif ajy;0ifvmaom rdef;r\ rsufESmudkawh ay;
vdkuf\/
xdktcgajy;0ifvmaom rdef;ronf vJusoGm;av\/
tvJwGif rdef;uav;u zdeyfOD;jzifh yg;udkuefvdkuf&m
xdkrdef;ronf ]tifh}ueJjrnf owdvpfoGm;avawmh\/
rdef;uav;inf qHyifqGJaom rdef;r\vufudk t0wf
npfouJhodkU uspfuspfuygatmif vdrfvdkufjyD; yg;udk
]jzef;} ceJ]jzef;} ceJ ESpfcsufqifh kdufum vJtus yg;
udkzdeyfOD;jzifh uefvdkufjyefav\/
xdktcg rdef;rESpfOD;onf wpfa,mufay:wpfa,mufxyf
vQufom arhajrmaBuavawmh\/ xdktcg rdef;uav;u
qdkifydkifSif ta':BuD;tm;...
]]tefwDa& ... a[m'Datmf'DuwHk;a&arT;uav;eJU 'DESpf
a,mufudk ESmESyfay;vdkufyg/ uRefruawmh (7)&ufaeYrSyJ
tusvmaG;awmhr,f}}
[kqdkum rdef;rav;onf if;\ydkufqHtdwfudkzGifh
atmf'DuwHk;a&arT;ykvif;udk qdkifydkifSif ta':BuD;vufodkU
ay;jyD;vQif xdktdwftwGif;rS atmufygtwdkif;kdufESdyfxm;
aom uwfjym;uav; wpfckudk xkwfvJusaeaom
rdef;rESpfOD;ay:odkU ypfwifum qdkifwGif;rS ajE&& xGuf
cGmoGm;avawmh\/

rrBuD;
4

jcHtrSwf( )
igxyfBuD; bk&m;vrf;
&efukefjrdKU/
tus&ufcsdef;aphaomaeU armfawmfum; teufuav;
a&mufSdvmjyefav\/ xdkUaemufum;ay:rS ]rrBuD;} onf
qif;vmjyDvQif tusKcsKyfqdkiftwGif;odkU 0ifoGm;av\/
xdktcg tefwDat;qdkaom ta':BuD;u tusKrsm;udk
xkwfay;&if;....
]]'DrSm rdef;uav; [dkwpfaeUu nOf;vkyfoGm;wm [dk
ESpfa,mufoGm;awG uRwfukefw,f/ nOf;udk w&m;pGJr,f
awmifvkyfaeBuw,f}}
[kajymvdkuf&m...rrBuD;u
]]uRefr emrnfrBum;zl;ao;vdkUyg tefwD&,f}}
[kjyefajymvdkufav\/ xdkpOfrSmyif qdkiftwGif;odkU
qwfaumhvwfaumhEdkifvSaom toufav;q,ftG,f
rdef;rwpfOD;onf 0ifvmav\/
xdkrdef;r\ rsufESmonf tjc,ftovGefaomaBumifh
&uftif;'D,ef;ac:vlkkdif;\ rsufESmuJhodkU rsufESm 0g
pdrf;rDjym a&mifpHkjzpfaeavawmh\/
wkwfum;xGufaeaom cg;udk ao;ap&eftwGuf
twefwqnpfpnf;xm;aom xbDaBumifh wkwfaom
cg;vnf; ao;rvmonfh tjyif tBunfhyifqdk;oGm;av
awmh\/
xdkrdef;ru tuscsKyfqdkifrS tefwDat;tm;...

]]rrat; ... [dktywfu tdkifvnf;rvmtm;wmeJU

a&mufrvm;bl;/ ]yifrvm}eJU ]qifoD,m} wdkUudk aumifr
wpfa,mufu kdufoGm;w,fqdk/ qifoD,mwdkY odyfjyD;nH
wmyJ}}
[kus,favmifpGmajym 0ifvmav\/ xdktcg tefwD
at;uvSrf; rsufpdrSdwfjyaomfvnf; xdkcg;wkwfaom
rdef;rrSm rsufpdrSdwfjyonfudk rjrifyJ pGmus,fpGmus,feJU
quf ajymaeavawmh\/
]]'Dvdkkdufvm; ESufvm;vkyfoGm;w,fqdkuwnf;u
awmfawmfhudk atmufwef;uswJu txJujzpfr,f/ 'Dae
&mrsKd;rSmu wpfa,mufwJUwpfa,muf tufwD;uufeJU
qufqHaeBuwmr[kwfvm;/ ig;pdrf;wef;rSr[kwfwm
rrat;&,f}}
[kajymvdkufav\/
xdktcg rrBuD;onf xdkcg;wkwfaomrdef;rBuD;tm; vSnfh
Bunfhvdkufav\/ xdkrdef;rBuD;onf vmbfpm; wwf
aom cyfnHnHt&mSdwpfOD;\ rdef;raomfvnf;aumif;jzpf
wef&m\/ odkUr[kwf taysmfBudKufwwfaom a,musmf;
om;wdkUtm; aysmfp&mSmay;aom tvkyfudk vkyfolaomf
vnf;aumif; jzpf&rnf[k tuJxwfrdonfh tavQmuf..
]]tJ'Daeuu tJ'DESpfa,mufudk kdufoGm;wm uRefryJ/
SifajymwJh tufwD;uufac:wJh ,Of;aus;rIuvnf; trsdK;
rsdK;Sdw,fSifh/ vmbfpm;wwfwJh t&mSdr,m;udk wpfrsdK;
qufqH&w,f/ r[kwfwk vkyfwJh rdef;rudkawGU&if wpfrsdK;k
qufqH&w,f\ Sifhudk uRefrb,fvdkqufqH&rvJ/ ajym
yg/ uRefremrnf ]rrBuD;}wJh/ udk,fh[mudk,f [kwfvSjyD
xifjyD; b9ifawGjrSifh? wpfzufvlawGudk ajcmufwwfapmf
6

um;vkyfwwfwJh rdef;rawGeJU awGU&if uRefrvufawGu

,m;aewmyJ vuf0g;BudKufovm;? zdeyfOD;BudKufovm;?
BudKuf&maG;}}
[kajymvdkuf&m zdkcg;wkwfaom rdef;rBuD;onf aBumuf
vefUoGm;jyD;vQif.....
]]tdkifu...tdkifu...tdkifu...odcsifvdkUar;wmygaemf/ &ef
jzpfzdkUar;wm r[kwfygbl;}}
[kqdku wpfcsdK;xJvSpfavawmh\/ xdktcg rrBuD;u
jyHK;...
]]'Drdef;rBuD; OD;aESmufrS aumif;ao;&JUvm;}}
[ktyfcsKyfqdkif ta':BuD;bufvSnfh ar;vdkufav\/
tyfcsKyfqdkifSif ta':BuD;vnf;r[kwfrcHpdwfSdaom
]rrBuD;} udkxdwfvefUvmavawmh\/ xdkUaBumifh....
]][dkrSm...tustyfrJhvlawG vmaeBujyD;/ tJ'Dtv,f
avmufu qHawmufav;eJU aumifrav;u
awmolrav;aygh/ [dk;...GmomBuD;qdkvm;? Gmomu av;
qdkvm;rqdkEdkifygbl; rrBuD;&,f/ cspfwD;ua<u;eJu odrf;
jyD r*FvmaqmifrvdkU 'DrSmtusvmcsKyfwm/ ab;ut
azmfvdkufvmwJh ESpfa,mufuvnf; cspfwD;&JUwdwfwdwf
ykef;r,m;awGav/ aumifrav;crsmrSawmh olYtaz
avmufSdwJhcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;udk b,fuvm,lcsifSmygh
rvJ rrBuD;&,f/ tefwDjzifh oem;vdkufw,f/ aumifr
av;[mtuscsKyfzdkUwmvdkufvm&w,f/ rsufESmramuif;
Smbl;}}
[kif;odorQudk kdufrppf&bJ u&m;a&oGefavQmuf
ajymaeavawmh\/
xdkUaBumifh rrBuD;vnf; um;vrf;\ wpfzufrSm
7

avQmufvmaeaom rdef;roHk;OD;udk Bunfhvdkuf&m aiGwdk;

acs;aom cspfwD;\ r,m;i,frsm;onf qHawmueJU
rdef;uav;wpfOD;tm; wpfzufwpfcsufpDrS jcH&H avQmuf
vmBuavawmh\/
rdef;uav;\ rsufvHk;rsm;onf rBumcPidk xm;&
aomaBumifh eD&Jaeonfudkvnf; rrBuD; tuJcwfrdav
\/ xdktcg xdkrrBuD;onf awmolrdef;uav;tm;
rnfodkUrnfyHkulnD&rnfudk pOf;pm;vdkuf&m]zsuf} ceJt
BuHay:oGm;av\/
xdkUaBumifh teD;Sd ayBudK;udk ycHk;ay:odkUvSrf;wifjyD;vQif
tustwdkif;rSwfaom abmufcsmpmtkyfESifh cJwHudkvnf;
aumuf,ludkifvdkufav\/ xdkUaemufqdkifSif ta':BuD;
bufodkUvSnfhum ...
]]tefwD tJ'Drdef;uav;&JU udk,fwdkif;udk uRefr,lvdkuf
r,faemf/ uRefraumif;aumif;wdkif;wwfygw,f}}
[kajymvdkufvQifqdkifSif ta':BuD;vnf; jiif;qefrnf
pdwfBuHaomfvnf; rrBuD;u if;\rsufESmudkpdkuf
BunfhvdkufaomaBumifh ausmxJrS pdrfhoGm;jyD;vQif...
]]&ygw,fuG,f...&ygw,f/ rrBuD;yJ wdkif;vdkufyg}}
[k vdkufavsm&av\/ xdktcsdefrSyif rdef;uav;ESifh
rdef;rESpfa,mufonf qdkifwGif;odkU0ifvmav\/ xdkt
cg rrBuD;u...
]] tuscsKyfrSm 'DnDrav;vm;}}
[kajymajymqdkqdkeJUyif tuswdkif;aom tcef;uav;\
vdkufumudkr rdef;uav;tm; qGJac:oGm;av\/ t
wGif;odkU a&mufvQif rrBuD;u...
]]'DrSm nDrav;/ rremrnf ]rrBuD;}vdkUac:w,f/ nDrt
8

aBumif;rrBum;jyDygjyD;/ cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u ta<u;eJU

odrf;rvdkUqdk/ bmrSraBumufeJUuG,f/ tpfrulnDEdkifw,f}}
[kwdk;wdk;uyfajymvdkufav\/ xddktcg rdef;uav;u
rsuf&nfrsm;pD;usvmjyD;vQif...
]][kwfygw,f/ tpfr&,f u,fEdkif&ifu,fygOD;}}
[k toem;cHaomavoHjzifh wdk;wdk;uyfajymvdkufav
\/
]]'Dvdkqdk rif;eJU rreJU reufjzefawGU&atmif pDpOfr,f}}
[k rrBuD;u ajymvdkuf&m rdef;uav;u...
]]reufjzefawGuvdkU tydkaygh tpfr&,f/ 'Dnudk Gmrjyef
&awmhbl;/ cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;tdrfrS tdyf&rSm}}
[kajymvdkufav7m...
]]aBomf...'Dvdkvm;/ 'Dvdkqdk tck rif;udkb,frSmac:xm;
BurSmwkef;}}
[krrBuD;u ar;vdkufav\/ xdktcgrdef;uav;u..
]]urf;em;bufu tef;wmqmrdqdkwJh cspfwD;wdkufrSmyg}}
[kajymvdkufav\/ xdktcg rrBuD;u..
]]at;.. odjyD..odjyD/ 'DvdkvkyfuG,f/ rif;tckjyefoGm;jyD;
&if [dkvdkvdk 'DvdkvdkeJU tjyifzufxGufvmcJh/ tJ'Dwdkuf&JU
rvSrf;rurf;avmufrSm rrum;av;tqifoifh&yfxm;
r,f/ bmrSraBumufeJU/ ra,mifrvnfeJU um;qDudk
vmcJhkHyJ}}
[k ajymvdkuf&m rdef;uav;u...
]]uRefraysmufoGm;&if tbwdkU? tarwdkYudk cspfwD;u
'kuay;rSaygh}}
[k pdk;&drfaomavoHESifh ajymvdkufav\/
]]'gawG bmrSrylygeJU uG,f/ rrwm0efxm;vdkuf}}
9

[krrBuD;u tm;ay; pum;ajymvdkufjyD;vQif abmufcsm

pmtkyf [dkrSwf'DrSwfvkyfum xGufvmav\/
xdktcg rdef;uav;udkac:vmaom cspfwD;ukvm;\
r,m;i,fwdkUonf tyfcsKyfqdkifrS ta':BuD;udk usoifh
aiGSif;ay;jyD;aumif;aumif;rGefrGef cskyfay;&ef rSmBum;
um xGufoGm;avawmh\/
if;wdkU xGufoGm;onfESifh wpfjydKufeuf rrBuD;vnf;
if;\um;uav;udk armif;oGm;jyD; tef;wmqmrdac:
cspfwD;wdkuf\ rvSrf;rurf;wGif trSwfrxif &yfxm;
vdkufavawmh\/
rsm;rBumrSDyif &xm;vHk;wpfpD;onf tef;wm;qm
rd\wdkufaSU&yfav\/ xdktcg &xm;vHk;ay:u rdef;
uav;ESifh wuG rdef;rESpfa,muf qif;vmBu\/ rdef;r
wpfOD;onf &xm;vHk;cudkay;aepOf rdef;uav;onf
awmifBunfhajrmufBunfh Bunfhvdkuf&m rvSrf;rurf;
wGif um;eufuav;&yfxm;aBumif;awGY&av\/
xdktcg rrBuD;u yg0guav; a0SUjyvdkufav\/ rdef;r
ESpfa,mufvnf; &xm;vHk;cay;jyD;vQif wdkufwGif;odkU0if
Buav\/ tef;wmqmrdonf xdkwdkuf\ tay:xyfwGif
ae\/ atmufxyfrl u&meDac: ukvm; pma&;rsm;? aiG
vmqyfolrsm;? aiGvmacs;olrsm;ESifh Iyf,Sufcwf ae
av\/
rdef;rESofOD;vnf;xdkwdkuf wGif;odkU0ifoGm;Buav\/
rdef;uav;onf yg;&nfeyf&nf Sdonfh wm;avsmfpGm t
wlwlavQmufvm&if;rS aemufodkUcsef aevdkufav\/
rdef;rEspfOD;rS rsef;uav;ygvmonf[kxifrSwf wdkuf
wGif;odkUaumhaumhaumhaumheJU 0ifoGm;Buav\/
10

rdef;uav;onf wdkufwGif;odkUr0ifbJ xdkrdef;rrsm;t

vpf rrBuD;\um;qDodkU okwfajcwif ajy;avawmh/
um;qDodkUa&mufvQif rrBuD;uwHcg;zGifhay;vdkuf\/ xdk
tcg rdef;uav;onf um;twGif;odkU0ifxdkifvdkuf\/
rrBuD;u 0yfae&efajymaomtcg0yfaevdkufav\/
rrBuD;onf um;udk0l;ceJ armif;xGufoGm;av\/ xdkt
jcif;t&mudk teD;ywf0ef;usifrS vlrsm;onf rdrdwdkUbmom
rdrdwdkU tvkyfIyfaeBuojzifh rnfolwpfOD;wpa,mufrQ
owdjyKvdkufrdjcif;rSday/
rdef;rESpfOD; tay;xyfodkUa&mufaomtcg tef;wmqm
rd[kac:aom cspfwD;ukvm;BuD; AdkufTJBuD;u ...
]]aumif;rav;aum..}}
[kar;vdkuf&m rdef;rESpfOD;u ...
]]ygygw,fawmf udkqmrd&,f/ Sifhr,m;av;ygygw,f/
usKyfwdkUudkom abmifqkrsm;rsm;csr,fqdk... ay;av}}
[kajymav\/ xdktcg ESajrmwGefUwdkjcif;t&m pHwif
avmufaom cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;onf if;teD;Sd pmyGJ;yku
av;\ tHqGJudkqGJum xdkrdef;rESpfOD;tm; q,fwefwpf
GufpDqkcsvdkuf&m aiGrufvSaom xdkrdef;rESpfOD;vnf;
aysmfTifoGm;Buav\/ xdktcg cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u ...
]]aumifrav;aum..}}
[kar;jref;av\/
]]atmifrav;awmf.../ wuwnf;rSyJ/ Sifhr,m;av;
b,frSroGm;ygbl;/ Sdygw,f/ usKyfwdkUeJU twlygvmwm
yawmf}}
[k rdef;rwpfOD;uajymav\/
cspfwD;ukvm;onf jidrfoGm;av\/ rdepfoHk;q,fcefU
11

Bumaomtcg cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u...
]]aumifrav;amu}]
[k ar;jyefav\/ xdktcg rdef;rwpfOD;u yg;pyf[rnf
vkyf&mcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u
]]cifAsm bmrS rajymeJU/ b,frSvJ aumifrav;/
qif;BunfhygOD;}}
[k rsufESmxD rsufESmxm;eJU ajymvdkufav\/ rdef;rESpf
OD;vnf;atmufxufodkU ajy;qif;vmBu\/ cspfwD;uk
vm;BuD;vnf; ajy;qif;vmav\/ atmufxyfSd pma&;
rsm;ESifh aiGacs;ol? pmcsKyfcsKyfol? aiGqyfolrsm;u...
]]bmvJ...bmvJ...}}
[k 0dkif;ar;&m cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u....
]]ighaumifrav;...ighaumifrav;..}}
[kajym&m tjrefajym&onfjzpfaomaBumifh ukvm;oH0J
um ]ighaumifrav;tpm;}....
]]ighuefygav...ighuefygav}}
[komjzpfaeawmhg ojzpf aiGvmacs;aom awmom;
BuD;u...
]]cspfwD; ola|;bmjzpfaewmvJ/ oludkUajcaxmufeJU
csnf;uefzdkUajymaeygvm;}}
[kajymvdkuf&m teD;Sdvlkrsm;u ]0g;ceJ&,farmav\/
xdktcg cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u pdwfwdkpGmjzifh.....
]]rif;wdkU ighudkbm&,fwmvJ}}
[k atmfvdkufav\/ xdktcg aiGacs;jcif;? aiGqyfjcif;?
pmcsKyfcsKyfjcif;jyKvkyf&efa&mufaeaom jrefrmrsm;onf xdk
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;tm;.....
]]cspfwD; ola|;I;oGm;jyDa[h}}
12

[kajymBuukef\/ cspfwD;ukvm;onf if;wdkUtm;bmrS

rajymyJ wdkufaSUodkU ajy;xGuf&m trSefwu,f I;oGm; jyD
[kxifaom jrefrmawmom;OD;ESpfOD;u ajy;rxGuf&ef
zrf;csKyfxm;av\/
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;onf jrefrmawmom;BuD;ESpfOD;\
vufwGif; ,ufuef,ufuefjzpfaeav\/ xdktcg
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;onf jrefrmrsm;udk rajymawmhbJ olY\
um&meDac: ukvm;pma&;rsm;bufodkUvSnfh tjzpft
ysufudk atmfaigufajymvdkuf&m ukvm;pma&;rsm;u
jrefrmrsm;bufodkUvSnfhum.....
]]vTwfvdkufygAsm/ ol,lr,fh rdef;raysmufoGm;vdkUyg""
[kajym&m csKufudkifxm;aom jrefrmwpfOD;u..
]]at;av..ol,lr,fh rdef;raysmufoGm;vdkU cspfwD;ol
a|;I;oGm;wmr[kwfvm;}}
[kjyefajymavawmh\/ xdktcg ukvm;pma&;u...
]]rl;ao;ygbl;/ vTwfwm vTwfvdkufyg}}
[kqdkojzifh vTwfvdkufBuukef\/ xdktcgusrSyif cspf
wD;ukvm;BuD;vnf; vrf;rodkU ajy;xGufoGm;jyD;vQif
[dkbufajy;Bunfhvdkuf? 'Dbufajy;BunfhvdkufESifh tl;BuD;
yrm tvkyfIyfav\/
if;\aemufrSvnf; aiGacs;aomjrefrmrsm;ESifh
ukvm;pma&;rsm;onf wpftkyfBuD;vdkufaeBuav\/
xdktcsdefrSm yif armfawmfum;BuD;
wpfpD;onfteD;odkUa&mufvmav \/ um;ay:rS
om;om;em;em;0wfpm;xm;aom touf
ig;q,ftG,f vlBuD;wpfOD;ESifh cGeftm;AvjynfhpHkvSaom
a,musmf;BuD; av;OD;qif;vmBuav\/
13

xdktcg om;om;em;em;ESifh vlBuD;u ol\vl av;OD;

tm;...
]][dkrSmavuG... cspfwD;AdkufylBuD;/ rawGUBubl;vm;/ 0if
jyDzrf;Buav}}
[kqdkojzifh xdkvlav;oD;onf cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;tm;
0ifzrf;av\/
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;onf oefrmvSaom
vlav;OD;vufxJwGif rkef;EdkifbJSdav\/ ukvm;pm
a&;rsm;vnf; rnfonfh t"dyg,frSef;rodaomaBumifh
ulnDjcif;rjyKEdkifbJ ai;armaepOfyif om;om;em;em; vl
BuD;u ol\tdwfwGif;rS aq;xdk;tyfESifh aq;ykvif;rsm;udk
xkwf aq;rsm;udkpkyf,ljyD;vQif cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;\
wifyg;udk aq;wpfvHk;xdk;ay;vdkufavawmh\/
xdkodkU xdk;oGif;jyD rsm;rBumrSDyif cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;
vnf;jidrfusoGm;jyD;vQif tdyfaysmfjcif;odkUa&mufavawmh
\/ xdktcg om;om;em;em; vlBuD;u...
]]uJ .. tajctaeaumif;rS jyefvTwfr,f/ oleJUyuf
owfwJh vlb,folSdovJ}}
[kar;vdkuf&m ukvm;pma&;rsm;teuf touftBuD;qHk;
jzpfonfh ukvm;pma&;wpfOD;u...
]]uRefawmfwdkUygyJ}}
[kajzav\/
]]at;.. aumif;jyD/ olUudkac:oGm;&rSmyJ/ tajctaexl;
jcm;&if rif;wdkUqDtaBumif;Bum;r,f}}
[kajymvdkuf&m rdef;rESpfOD;teuf wpfOD;aom rdef;ru...
]]'DrSmSifwdkYu bmawGvJ/ bmudpeJu udkqmrdudk aq;
xdk;BuwmvJ}}
14

[kar;vdkuf&m/ om;om;em;em;vlBuD;u...
]]aeprf;ygOD;/ cifAsmu 'DcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;&JU rdef;r
vm;}}
[kjyefar;vdkufav\/ xdktcg xdkrdef;ruvnf;...
]]r[kwfygbl;/ uRefrwdkUa,musmf;eJU tdkqmrdeJUu
oli,fcsif;yg/ uRefrwdkUa,musmf;u udk,mrwJh}}
[kajymvdkuf&m...
]]'DrSm ,mrawGbmawG vmvkyf raeeJU/ cifAsm;wdkUudk
Sif;jyzdkU usKyftcsdefrSdbl;/ 'Dvlemta&;BuD;w,f/ 'Dcspf
wD;ukvm;BuD;udk ukaewJh av'Da'gufwmu usKyfudk
tultnD awmif;vdkU usKyfvm&wm/ 'gyJ}}
[kqdkum om;om;em;em;vlBuD;onf cspfwD;ukvm;
tef; wmqmrdtm; um;ay:odkUwifac:aqmifoGm;
avawmh \/ usefvlrsm;rSmvnf; tlaBumifaBumifjzifh
usef&pfcJh av awmh \/
xdkom;om;em;em; vlBuD;rSm BudKUukef;bufwGif
aexdkifonfh pdwfa&m*guk q&m0efBuD;jzpfav\/ 4if;
\trnfrSm ]OD;oef;<u,f} [ljzpf\/ OD;oef;<u,fxHodkU
vGefcJh aomem&D0ufausmfausmfcefUu av'Da'gufwm
wpfOD;u w,fvDzkef;qufcJh av\/
w,fvDzkef;xJwGif av'Da'gufwmu...
]]a'gufwm OD;oef;<u,fSifh .../ urf;em;vrf;rSm SdwJh
tef;wmqmrd cspfwD;wdkufu cspfwD;ola|;tef;wm;qmrd
udk uRefrukocJhwm oHk;vSdygjyD/ olY&JU a&m*g[m r
oufomygbl;/ wpfaeUwpfjcm;ydkqdk; vmygw,f/ aemuf
od&wmawmh olUa&m*g[m pdwfa&m*gjzpfaBumif;od&yg
w,f/ olUqDurdef;uav;wpfoD; aiGvdrfoGm;wJhtwGuf
15

jzpfw,fvdkU uRefrvnf;tckrS od&ygw,f/ 'Daeuqdk&if

ol[m a&m*gtonf;qHk;aeUyJ/ vrf;rSmxGufjyD;ajy;rJh t
qifha&mufaejyD/ tJ'gaBumifh uRefrvlem tef;wm;qmrd
udk ukozdkU a'gufwmBuD;udk vGJwmyg/ q,fhig;rdepf? rd
epfESpfq,fh twGif;tef;wm;qmrd wdkufudka&mifatmif
a'gufwmBuD;vmcJh&if tcsdefrDygao;w,f}}
[kvnf;ygSdav\/
xdkUaBumifh pdwfa&m*gtxl;uk a'gufwmOD;oef;<u,f
onf olUtdrftqifoifhSdaeaom vufaG;pif tI;
zrf;orm;av;a,mufudk armfawmfum;jzifh wifum?
um;udk wpfem&Drdkif(60)EIef;jhzifh armif;ESif ta&muf
vmcJhjcif;jzpfav\/
xdkodkUvmcJh&mfwGif cspfwD;wdkufodkUra&mufrD rvSrf;r
urf;odkU ta&mufwGif cspfwD;ukvm;BuD; [dkajy;'Dajy;
vkyfaeonfudk rsufjrif'd|awGUvdkuf&\/
xdkaBumifhav'Da'gufwm tultnD;awmif;xm;aom
pdwfa&m*gonf cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;jzpfaBumif; tydkifqHk;
jzwf ,HkBunfoGm;cJhjcif;aBumifhvnf; cspfwD;ukvm;udk
arhaq;xdk;ac:vmcJhjcifjzpf\/
a'gufwmOD;oef;Mu,fonf odkUvQifwpfpHkwpf
a,muf wm0ef,ltyfESHxm;aom vlemrsdK;udk aq;kHodkU
ac:aqmifjcif;rjyKyJ if;\jcH0if;twGif;Sd oD;oefU aqmif
uav;rsm;xnfhoGif;aomhcwfum pdwfSnfvufSnf uk
oavhSdav\/
rsm;rBumyifcspfwD;ykvm;BuD;onf jyefvnfowd&vm
av\/ xdkodkUowd&vmvQif a'gufwmOD;oef;<u,fonf
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;tm;oGif;xm;aom taqmifaSUodkU vm
16

rwfwyf&yfav\/
xdktcg twGif;rS cspfwD;umvm;BuD; tef;wm;qmrdu
]]cifAsm; b,folvJ/ usKyfudkbmjzpfvdkU zrf;qD;csKyfaESmif
xm;&wmvJ/ wHcg;zGifhay;ygAsm/ usKyfwdkUcspfcsif;udk rcGJ
ygeJU}}
[kajymvdkuf&m a'gufwmOD;oef;<u,fu ....
]]a&m*g tawmfBuD;SmwmyJ}}
[kajymav\/ xdktcgcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u...
]]bma&m*gvJ/ usKyfrSm bma&m*grS rSdbl;/ aSYtywf
xJrS r*Fvmaqmifr,f/ 'gyJ usKyfodw,f/ cifAsm b,f
olwHk;/ usKyfudk hjrefjrefvTwfprf;yg/ aumifrav;udk
Sm&OD;r,f/ 'Daumifrav;twGuf usKyfaiGawGb,f
avmuf tepfemcHvdkuf&ovJ/ cifAsmodovm;}}
[kajym&m a'gufwmOD;oef;<u,fu...
]]pdwfaumif;aumif;xm;yg cspfwD;}}
[k azsmif;zsajymqdkav\/ xdktcg cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;
u...
]]usKyfpdwfaumif;amyif;xm;zdkU rvdkbl;/ cifAsmom pdwf
aumif;aumif;xm;yg}}
[kajymvdkufav\/ xdktcg a'gufwmOD;oef;<u,f
onf olU\vlav;a,mufudk 0ifap
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;udk csKyfcdkif;jyD;vQif pdwfjidrfaq;wpfvHk;
xdk;ay;vdkuf\/
rsm;rBumrSDyif cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;onf tdyfaysmfjcif;
odkU a&muf&avawmh\/ xdktcg a'gufwmOD;oef;<u,f
u olU\vlav;a,muftm;....
]]'DcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;udk tpma&pmjzwfjyD; ukrS&r,f/
17

bmrS rauR;NueJU/ oHk;&ufavmug xrif;iwfxm;jyD; EHk;

aewkef;uk&r,f/ tJ'Denf;rS r&&ifawmh aS;jrefrmenf;t
wdkif;yJ a[m[dka&uefxJ avSeJUac:oGm;jyD; a&v,faumif
rSmwGef;cs&r,f}}
[kqdkav\/ xdktcg a'gufwmOD;oef;<u,f/ vufaG;
pif tl;zrf;orm;rsm;onf tl;udk ESdyfpuf&vdkum;...
]]pdefvdkufavq&mBuD; uRefawmfwdkU wm0efxm;vdkuf}}
[kajymav\/
xdkrcsdefESifh wpfjydKifxJavmufrSyif vGefpGmus,f0ef;aom
jcHBuD;\ tv,fwGif aqmufvkyfxm;aom ESpfxyfuRef;
tdrfBuD;\ tay:xyfu rrBuD;ESifh awmolruav; wdkU
onf atmufygtwdkif; pum;rsm;ajymqdkaeBuav\/
]]rif;emrnf b,folvJuG,f}}
[k rrBuD;uar;vdkufav\/
]]pdef*GufaxmfvdkU ac:ygw,frr}}
[k rdef;uav;ujyefajzav\/
]]cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u rif;udk b,fvdkuae b,fvdk
a<u;eJU odrf;r,ftqifhxd jzpfoGm;&wmwHk;}}
[k rrBuD;uar;vdkufav\/
]]'Dvdkygrr&,f/ rdk;zsufvdkU v,fawGysufwJh ESpfupjyD;
tb[m a<u;awGwifvmvdkufwm renf;ygbl;/ tJ'D
tef;wm;qmrd qdkwJh cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;uvnf; twdk;eJu
acs;vmvdkufwm rajymygeJUawmh/ tb[mvHk;vHk;jyefr
qyfEdkifawmhwJh tajctaevnf;a&mufa&m cspfwD;uk
vm;[m uRefrwdkUtdrfa&mufvmjyD; ]a<u;awGwpfvt
wGif;jyefqyfyg/ rqyf&if w&m;pGJjyD;axmifscr,f}
vdkUajymygw,f/ uRefr&JU tbrSm yef;em&ifusyfa&m*g Sd
18

ygw,f/ axmufBuwmeJU aorSmyJSif/ tJ'Dawmh uRefr

wdkU om;trdawG idKBu&wmaygh/ aeUpOfaeUwdkif;idk aeBu&
wmyJrr&,f/ tJ'Dvdkidkaewkef; wpfaeUrSm [dkrdef;r ESpf
a,mufa&mufvmawmhwmygyJ/ jyD;awmh uRefrudkvnf;
nOf;tazaxmifxJrSm raoapcsif&if
nOf;tef;wm;qmrdudk ,lvdkufyg. igwdkUvnf; a<u;eJU
todrf;cHcJh&wm/ ckawmhvnf; ighwdkUa,musmf;cspfwD;
ukvm;u igwdkUtay:aumif;vdkufwm vGefyga&m[,f/
tJ'DvdkrSef;rpdvdkU igwdkUrSm idkvdkuf&w,/ tckvdk cspfwD;
ukvm;BuD;u igwdkUtay:aumif;rSef;odcJh&if b,fidkvdrfh
rwHk;/ tapmBuD;uwnf;u ,lvdkufrSm/ 'gawmif igwdkU
u ti,ftaESmif;[Jh/ qmrdrSm r,m;BuD;vnf;rSdbl;/
om;orD;vnf;rSdbl;/ olu vlysdKBuD;[Jh/ olao&if
nOf;ypnf;awGtukefvHk;&rSm/ nOf;tazvJaxmifrus
awmhbl;/ nOf;uom ,lr,fvdkUajymvdkufwmeJU a[m'DwJ
uav;udkzsufjyD; ysOfaxmifoGyfrdk;tdrfBuD;vmaqmufay;
rSm/ nOf;tazvnf;raoawmhbl;? nOf;taz&JU touf
wpfacsmif;udk u,faumif;ygw,f[,fvdkUaeUwdkif;vmjyD;
em;cswmu wpfaBumif;? jyD;awmh taz[ma<u;rqyf&if
axmifusr,fqdkwm odoGm;jyD;uwJu tdyf&mxJAkef;Akef;
vJoGm;wmuvnf;wpfaBumif;aMumifh uRefrvnf; acgif;
ndwfvdkuf&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdkacgif;ndwfvdkufa&m aemuf
wpfaeUrSm oGyfawG? opfawD? v,form;awGa&mufvmjyD;
ysOf;axmiftdrfBuD;wpfvHk; tjrefaqmufBuawmhwmyg
yJSif/ysOfaxmiftdrfBuD;vnf;jyD;oGm;a&m cspfwD;ukvm;
BuD;u r*FvmaqmifzdkU &ufowfrSwfawmhomyg yJ Sif/
tJ'geJU raeUu uRefrwdkUGmudk 'Drdef;rESpfa,mufa&muf
19

vmjyD; r*FvmaqmifzdkU tuscsKyf&r,f/ 'Dn&efukefrSmyJ

tdyf&r,fqdkjyD;vmac:wmygrr/ uRefraSUudk b,fvdk
qufjyD;vkyf&ygrvJ}}
[krdef;uav;uajym&if;idkavawmh\/ xdktcg
rrBuD;u...
]]'geJUaeprf;ygtHk;pdef*Gufaxmf&JU nOf;rSnaum cspfol
&nf;pm;av; bmav; rSdbl;vm;}}
[kar;vdkuf&m pdef*Gufaxmfu,,
]]&nf;pm;awmh r[kefygbl;rr&,f/ wpfOD;eJU wpfOD;rsuf
pdusaewmawmhSdygw,f/ uRefrwdkUGmu udk omat;qdk
wJU v,form;ygyJ}}
[kajymav\/
]]tJ'Dudkomat;udka&m nOf;&JU 'kuawGzGifhajymjyjyD; t
ultnDrawmif;awmh bl;vm;/ udkom;at;u nOf;t
wGufpGefUpm;csif pGefUpm;rSmaygh}}
[krrBuD;uar;vdkufav\/
]]udk&ifomat;BuD;vnf; cspfwD;BuD;&JU ta<u;awGSdae
awmh vIyfawmifrvIyf&Jbl;/ cspfwD;ykvm;BuD;u 'DudpxJ
rSmrif;0ifyg&if axmifxJudk rif;t&ifa&mufr,fvdkU Budrf;
xm;awmh olvnf;jidrfae&w,f rr&,f}}
]]bmrS pdwfrykeJU nDr&,f/ tm;vHk;rrwm0ef,lygw,f}}
[kajymvdkuf pdef*Gufaxmftm; ESpfodrfhxm;vdkufav\/
xdkarmuf rrBuD;onf pdef*Gufaxmftm; olUGmtm;jyef
ydkUvdkufav\/ oludk,fwdkifvnf; xdkGmodkU tvnft
ywf[kqdku pdef*GufaxmfESifhtwl vdkufoGm; xdktdrf
yifwnf;cdk;aeawmh\/

20

cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;rSm oHk;&ufwdwd tpma&pmiwfxm;

aomaBumifh EHk;acGaeavawmg\/ xdktcg a':udwmOD;
oef;<u,fu ukvm;BuD; taqmifaSUodkU a&mufSdvm
jyD;vQif..
]]b,fvdkvJ aeaumif;&JUvm; cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;}}
[kar;vdkuf&m cspfwD;BuD;u EkH;acGvJae&muxjyD;..
]]bmaeaumif;&rSvJ/ cifAsm usKyfudk zrf;jyD;tpmoHk;
&ufrauR;bl;/ jyD;awmh aeaumif;&JU vm;vdkU vmar;
&ovm;/ usKyfcifAsmudk w&m;pGJr,f/ aumif;rav;udk
vnf; w&m;pGJr,f/ usKyfrSm pmcsKyfawGSdw,f}}
[kxatmfajymvdkufav\/ xdktcg a'gufwmonf
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;tm; vGefpGmoem;oGm;av\/
xdkUaBumifh olU\vlrsm;tm;...
]]jrefrmenf;yJ aumif;w,fa[h}}
[kajymvdkuf&m OD;oef;<u,f\ wynfhrsm;onf
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;tm; a&uefBuD;qDodkU ac:oGm;av\/
jyD;vQif a&v,faumifodkU ac:oGm; a&xJodkUwGef;cs
vdkuf\/
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;vnf; SdpkrJhpkcGef;tm;jzifh BudK;pm;
ul;\/ xdktcg OD;oef;<u,f\ wynfhrsm;u 0g;vHk;rsm;
jzifh zdxm;Bu\/ odkUjyKvkyfaomtcg cspfwD;ukvm;
BuD;onf vHk;0owdarhajrmoGm;avawmh\/
xdktcgusrS 0dkif;jyD;q,f,ljyD;vQif a'gufwmu tm;
aq;wpfvHk;xdk;ay;jyD; odyfxm;vdkufav\/ cspfwD;uk
vm;BuD;rSm tpurnfonhfa&m*grS rSdaomfvnf;
,cktcgrSyif
aBumifawmifawmifjzpf vmavawmh\/
21

pmcsKyfrsm;taBumif;udkvnf;rBumrBumajym\/ xdktcg
OD;oef;<u,fu olU\wynfhrsm;tm;...
]]wynfhwdkUa& tajctaeramuif;bl;oG/ wdkUtvpfrSm
olUcg;uuyvmukdjzKwfjyD; BudK;qGJcsaocsifaorSm/ tJ'D
awmh olYudk t0wftpm;awGr0wfay;eJUawmhuG/ tukef
vHk;cRwfypfvdkuf}}
[k trdefUay;vdkuf&m a'gufwm\ vufaG;wynfhrsm;
vnf; cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;\ t0wfrsm;udkcRwfypfvdkufBu
av\/
aemufwpfaeYwGif OD;oef;<u,f\ wynfhrsm;onf cspf
wD;ukvm;BuD;tm;qefjyKwf0ifwdkufBuav\/ xdktcg
tvpfacsmif;aeaom cspfwD;ukvm;MuD;onf
xkdvlav;a,mufudk wGef; 0wfvpfpvpfjzihf
tm;ukefajy;avawmh \/
xdkvlav;a,mufvnf;taemufrS ajy;vdkufav\/
xdkUodkIcspfwD;ukvm;BuD; aSUrS 0wfvpfpvpfESifhxGuf
ajy;ae vlav;a,mufu aemufrS oJMuD;rJBuD;vdkuf
aeonfudk wpfpHkwpfa,mufu"mwfyHkvdkufkduf,lae\/
cspfwD;ykvm;MuD;onf bwf(pf)um;wpfpD; ay:ajy;
wufav\/ xdkbwf(pf)um;rS armif;csojzifh tjcm;aom
ukefum;wpfpD;ay:odkUajy;wufjyef\/ odkUvQif
xdkum;MuD;rSwpfzef &xm;vHk;wpfpDay:odkU ajymif;pD;jyef
av\/ odkUESifhyif tdrfodkUjyefa&mufSdvmav\/ tdrf
odkUa&mufvQifoHwcg;udk qGJydwfxm;vdkufavawmh\/
xdkaemuf uyvmrsm;udk xkwf0wfjyD;vQif armfawmf
um;wpfpD;iSg; pdef*GufaxmfwdkUGmqDodkU xGufcJhav\/
pdef*GufaxmfudkawGUvQif ukvm;BuD;u...
22

]]aumifrav;eifighudkw,f'kuay;ygvm;? igtck i&J

jynfu jyefvmwm/ eiftdrfudkjyefcsif&if ajymygvm;/ bm
jzpfvdk'Dbfk xGufajy;&wmvJ}}
[kajymvdkuf&m pdef*Gufaxmfu...
]]uRefrysif;vdkUjyefvmwm}}
[kajymvdkuf&m cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u...
]]eifysif;vdkUSd&if ighudkujycdkif;vdkUSd&if igujyygr,f
[,f/ aemufudk 'DvdkrvkyfygeJU/ r*FvmaqmifzdkU&ufu
vnf;eD;vmjyD; r[kwfvm;}}
[kajymav\/ xdktcg pdef*Gufaxmfu...
]]'DrSmudkqmrd/ SifeJYuRefreJU r*Fvmaqmifawmhr,f/
tckxufxd rtb&JU a<u;pm&GufawG r,lvmao;bl;/
tJ'gawG ,lvmjyD;uRefraSUrSm zsufpD;ypfrS uRefrvufcH
,faemf/ aemyfjyD;Sifhudk ajymvdkufOD;e,f/ aemufvnf;
nm;&rJh twlwl uRefrSifhudk aSmufajy;p&m rvdkygbl;/
'gayrJh SifhtdrfrSmu vlawGtrsm;BuD; Sdw,fr[kwfvm;/
tJ'Dudk vdkufvm&rSm odyfSufw,f/ tbwdkU tarwdkU
vnf;Sifh udkorufawnfzdkYoabmwljyD;jyDyJ/ Si'DrSm vm
jyDtdyfvdkU&ygw,f/ pmcsKyf,ljyD; SifvmcJh tazmfawGc:r
vmeJU wpfa,mufxJvmcJh tazmfyg&if uRefrSufw,f}}
[k c&mwmwmavoHjzifhajymvdkuf&m cspfwD; ukvm;
BuD;u...
]]tckrSyJewfjynfa&mufawmhw,f/ pdwfcsaumifrav;...
pdwfcs/ igtckyJ eifhtbpmcsKyfawGoGm;,lcJhr,f}}
[kqdkumcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;vnf; jyefoGm;avawmh\/
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD; jyefoGm;vQif rrBuD;onf pdef*Gufaxmf
\ tdyfcef;wGif;rS xGufvm pdef*Gufaxmftm;
23

]]nDrav;odyfudk obm0uswmyJ/ rrvnf; cPjyef

vdkuf OD; r,f}}
[kqdku rrBuD;xGufoGm;avawmh\/
wpfem&DausmfausmfvefUBumaomtcg rrBuD;jyef
a&muf vmavawmh\/ pdef*GufaxmfwdkUGmeJU &efukefjrdKY
onf (13)rdkifcefUa0; em&Dydkif;twGif;oGm;vmEdkifav\/
rrBuD;jyefa&mufvmjyD;rsm;rBumrD cspfwD;ukvm; BuD;
vnf; jyefa&mufav\/ xdkrcsdefwGif rrBuD;ESifh pdef
*GufaxmfwdkUonf tdrfaSYuGyfyspfxdkifaeBuonfjzpf&m
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;vnf; uGyfyspf 0ifxdkufav\/
xdkodkUxdkif&if; rrBuD;tm;nTefjy...
]]olb,folvJ}}
[kar;vdkuf&m pdef*Gufaxmfu...
]]uRefr tpfryg r*Fvmaqmifr,fBum;vdkU vmjyD;ar;
wm/ tckyJjyefrSmyg}}
[kajymvdkufav\/ xdktcg cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u olY
tdwftwGif;rS pmcsKyfoHk;av;apmufudk xkwf pdef*Guf
axmftm;jyav\/
]]a[m'DrSm pmcsKyfawG ... a[m'DrSmpmcsKyfawG.../
aumif;rav;eJU usKyfaygif;&zdkU zl;pma&;ewfvkyfwJh
pmcsKyfawG ..[D ... [D}}
[kcspfwD;ukvm;uajymav\/ pdef*Gufaxmfvnf;
pmcsKyfrsm;udkaumuf,ljyD;aemuf..
]]uRefr pmrS rzwfwwfwm wqdwfavmufzwfay;prf;
yg}}
[kajymav&m rrBuD;onfpmcsKyfrsm;udk zwfBunfhjyD;
aemuf..
24

]]'DpmcsKyfESpfapmifu rSm;jyD;ygvmwmxifw,f/ nOf;t

b OD;jym;eJU csKyfxm;wJh pmcsKyfrS r[kwfbJ}}
[kajymvdkyf&m pdef*Gufaxmfu...
]][if;aemf udkqmrd/ tlaBumifaBumifrvkyfeJU/ pmcsKyf
awGtjynfhtpHkryg&ifawmh tdrfay:wufzdkU rBudK;pm;eJU
*kwfBum;eJUSL;wdkufvTwfvdkufr,f/ [D...[d...[d}}
[k jyDwnfwnfavoHjzifhajymvdkuf&mcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;
u...
]]pdwfrqdk;ygeJU *Gufaxmf&,f/ eifwdkU Gmu pmcsKyfawG
tm;vHk;oyfoyfxm;wmyg/ ig,lcJhygw,f}}
[kajymjyD; tdwftwGif;rS pmcsKyf txyfvdkufudk xkwf
,ljyD;jyav\/ xdktcg rrBuD;onf pmcsKyfrsm;udj,l
cyfwGufwGufzwfjyD;vQifif;\ ydkufqHtdwftwGif;rSuEk
urmkd;wyfxm;aom aoewfudkxkwfum....
]]jidrfjidrfae aooGm;r,f cspfwD;BuD;}}
[kqdkjyD;vQif vufwpfzufjzifh rD;jcpfudk jcpfum pmcsKyf
rsm;udk tjyD;tydkifrD;IdUvdkufav\/ cs[fwD;ukvm;BuD;rSm
ajrBuD;ay;wGif vl;vdrfhidkav\/
pdef*Gufaxmftm; jymrsm;usKH; tpazsmufypfvdkuf&ef
rrBuD;u ajymvdkufojzifh pdef8Gufaxmfvnf; jymrsm;udk
aumif;uifodkU ypfwifvdkuf&m a0hxeJwdkufcwfvmaom
avEkat;uav;eJu twk vGifharsmaysmufuG,f oGm;
avawmh\/
xdktsdef cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;\ idkoHaBumifh teD;rem;Sd
GmrS vlrsm;onf vma&mufBunfhBuav/rrBuD;onf
ol\ aoewfudk aS;rqGuyif ydkufqHtdwfwGif; jyef
vnf;odrf;qnf;xm;jyD;jzpfav\/
25

cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;rSmrk...
]]ighpmcsKyfawG aumifrav;vdrfw,f/ igh ..pmcsKyfawG
aumifrav;vdrfw,f}}
[kom atmfidkav\/
xdkodkU idkaepOf Gmv,fvrf;rrSae armfawmfum;BuD;
wpfpD;onf 0ifvm pdef*GufaxmfwdkU tdrfaSU &yfvdkuf
av\/ xdkodkU&yfvdkufonfESif;wpfjydKifeuf um;acgif;
wGifpD;eif;vdkufygvmapm toufig;q,fausmftG,fcefU
om;om;em;em;vlBuD;wpfOD;onf qif;vmav\/ um;
aemufcef;rSvnf;oefrmxGm;BudKifvSaom vlav;OD;qif;
vmav\/ om;om;em;em;vlBuD;u olU\ vlav;rsm;
tm;...
]]a[h...[dkrS,awGujyDa[h}}
[kajymvdkufvQif xdkomrefxGm;usdKif;aom vlav;OD;
onf cspfwD;umvm;BuD;udk zrf;um
BudK;rsm;jzpfwkwfBuav\/ cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;u...
]]ighpmcsKyfawG ... igpmcsKyfawG}}
[katmf[pf&if; um;ay:odkU ,ufuef,ufuefESifhyg
oGm;awmh\/ a'gufwmOD;oef;<u,fu vltkyftwGif;rS
vlrsm;udk tuJcyfjyD;vqif rrBuD;qDoskUavQmufvmav
\/
]]'DcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;udk 'DGma&mufaew,fqdkjyD; vSrf;
owif;ay;wJh av'Da'gufwmqdkwm wlrBuD;vm;}}
[kar'av\/ xdktcgrrBuD;u..
]]r[kwf&ygbl; tefu,f&,f/ uRefru qefpyg;vkyf
ief;vkyfcsifvdkU 'DGmudkvmjyD;avhvmaewmyg/ uRefr
emrnf rrBuD;wJh/ uRefr q&m0efr[kwfygbl;}}
26

]]aBomf ...aBomf ... usKyfu wlrBuD;udk 'DcspfwD;ukvm;

BuD;udk ukaewJh q &m0efrav;atmufarhvdkUyg/ uJ.. ae
jrifhav/ tkl;&ifhavwJh/ aerjrifhcif 'DcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;
ufkac:oGm;&OD;r,f}}
[kqdkum ac:aqmifoGm;av\/
cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;vnf; atmf[pf&if;ygoGm;av\/
txufygtjzpftysufrsm; jzpfyGm;jyD; rsm;rBumrDyif
pdef*GufaxmfwdkUtdrfaSU r*Fvmr@BuD;wpfck xdk;
r*Fvmaqmifwpfcj pnf;um;odkufjrdKufpGm usif;yaeav
\/
xdkr*Fvmaqmif\ r*FvmowdkIorD;rSm pdef*Gufaxmfjzpf
jyD; owdk;om;rSm armifomat;jzpfav\/
xdkodkU r*FvmaqmifaepOf cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;onf *gwf
rS ykvdyfrsm;udkac:um r*FvmaqmifqDodkU a&muf vm
awmh\/ xdkUaemuf rrBuD;udk jrifvQif...
]]olygyg ...olygyJ/usKyfpmcsKydawGudk vk,jyD; rD;IdUypf
wm}]
[kwdkif;wef;&m &mZ0wftkyfu rrBuD;teD;odkU uyfvdkuf
jyD;vQif...
]]'DrSm jyD;cJhwJh &uftenf;i,fwkef;y cifAsm 'DcspfwD;uk
vm;BuD;&JU pmcsKyfawGudk aoewfeJucsdefjyD; vk,l rD;IdYypf
w,fvdkU wdkifcsufzGifhxm;w,f}}
[kajymvdkuf&m rrBuD;u rcdkUrkdUav;jyHK; if;\ydkuf
qHtdwfwGif;rS"mwfyHk wpfyHkudkxkwfum &mZ0wftkyfvuf
ay;vdkuf&if;....

27

]]'DcspfwD;ukvm;BuD;[m tl;BuD;ySifh/ awGuwJh vl

wdkif;udk tJ'Dvdlcsnf;ajymaewmyJ/ tJ'D"mwfyHkrSm Bunfh
ygvm;/ ol[m oGufoGufcgatmif l;aeolyg}}
[kajymvdkuf&m &mZ0wftkyfond "mwfyHkudk Bunfhvdkuf
av\/
"mwfyHkwGif t0wfryg Avmudk,fwnf;jzifh avQmuf
ajy;aeaom cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;ESifh aemufrS vdkufzrf;
aom vlav;OD;yHkudk xif;Sm;pGmawGUae&onfjzpf&um;...
]]pdwfrSdygeJU cifAsm;/ uRefawmfwdkUuvnf;olYudk l;ae
rSef;rodvdkUyg/ uRefawmfwdkUyJjyefac:oGm;ygr,f}}
[k&mZ0wftkyfu ajymav\/ xdktcg rrBuD;u..
]]r[kwfwmyJ &mZ0wftkyfrif;&,f/
r*FvmaqmifvmjyD;rS bmrSrpm;yJjyefvdkU/
cspfwD;tl;BuD;vnf;oem;ygw,f xrif;auR;vdkuftHk;}}
[kajymqdj rrBuD;onf umvom;wpfOD;tm;
]]a[h...armifav;a[m'D cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;twGuf x
rif;yGJoyfoyfjyifay;vdkufyguG,f}}
[kajym&m umvom;wpfOD;uvnf; [if;rsm;udk
yef;uefwGif;odkU cyfxnfh7if;..
]]vm..cspfwD;..pm;r,f}}
[kac:vdkuyf&m cspfwD;u xdk[if;udkBunfhvsuf..
]]ighrpm;bl;.. ighpmcsKyfawGjyefay;../ ighaumifrav;
ighudkay;}}
[katmf[pfae &mZ0wftkyfonf ol\aemufyg ykvdyf
rsm;udk rsuf&dyfjyvdkuf&m ykvdyfonf cspfwD;ukvm;BuD;
tm; vufxdyfcwf qGJac:oGm;Buav \/

28

xdktcg vSnf;ul;jrdKUrS iSm;&rf;xm;aom wD;0dkif;u

'Hk;rif;? ajcmufvHk;ywf? wa,m...ponfrsm;jzifh pwifwD;
rIwfaeavawmh\/ oD;csif;qdkolrSm umvom;acgif;
udkBuufawmqdkoljzpf\/ udkBuufawmfqdk &rnfh oD;
csif;rSm ]tcgawmf ewfa&;i,f aTpm}[kjzpf
aomfvnf; taBumif;pHkodaom udkBuufawmu pmom;udk
zsuf
]] tcgawmfay;wmu cspfwD;i,faTpm}}
[kqdkvdkuf&m vufxdyfjzifhygoGm;aom cspfwD;u
]]xGD}}
[katmf[pfvdkuf&if; a'gorsm; jyif;xefaygufuGJvm
um wpfxdkifwnf;yif oGufoGufcgatmif l;oGyfoGm;
onfjzpf&m..
]]ighpmcsKyfawG... ighpmcsKyfawG}}
[k atmf[pf&if;ckefaygufajy;oGm;avawmhownf;/
oaAowm urug
rif;odcF\

29