sonnei unicef 1 dsgenion of ect and eo STi tek Te warner event ne Spel oun and pecans ea TREATS y ws cond pty and cookbooks io he ane re cin ow tw cn age ig tein be peseat sought oe fs I ea 13 We ‘effec um nar fom be detrminis of he vise: when ‘etn pole, oti i og Notes vere ne oes cen ocpetumpaear stars cae cee ‘aban Sun spear tre See eee Sioneneee poneinnesiiee eae Cahora Pera eer See sie aes raat caer seas decease ie |. Intrdecton: The medium a the mode What cant sory ofthe Bok el us boat ae? Wat mst we understand bet the elt and str ols of wna! ‘ay insinnons~ sch he stor he boo, poling, a he {ic inordero design te system edits ta wil me {Sr te uses of aw learn cinalogies? Sine te pubcaton of ‘Losin Fee and Her Jean Martin's L'Apporton de ire et thos decats ap (1958), ere has een what can ony be described san explsion of research nto the tory of pining, publishing, "Rang. ale book in ext modem Earpe and pail ay ‘em France Hire shoul hasten» god poston 0 oer ‘one lamin othe cet ste eam is etme begin by underoath fact hat Seite the cocraic bia of macho his reser the hsoreal ecard makes ston Ahly clear a th mow inte fetes of whe we hae ome fo ‘eer print calle” tht the sablzato of writen exe Ino a canto autored txts, the ton the at the book as prope, an eres an eles ple — wee no > lle ise conseocnss of the ave of printing rig the Renaisany, bt ae be comultie esl of pacar soi 08 poltclebice mae by gen sci st gen momen’, nea fo his easn thee rt lato my nds not uly inset fr comprehending both the emerence and be ot ‘ley of modem leary clue: aso medi i hat Enc cares wiht chological termine ht conte the ayo amen of exo! he tig pres) with the socal drelopment of mode of ela predacon which Roget (Charter hs called “Te cat da Te an tht 1 woud Tener in English the liaton of the book” er beter sil fr reasons | ‘pe soon 0 make cle, "the moder iesy system” Cae die mination ten hee two dre, though leuy send,a sce sone the ene de a ere eae mses in tl cet ton comics nthe pone eset ee ema) epee em ast be mone mele 2A bit genealogy of the moder ray sytem ron ar an a nie ei ate ee ace af cra maker es mt ae me 7 canlopa can, ae Beis se eer cic echt cor oc os mec etch cylin Se Se nie ay sae” wn be et ote Tee Limon st eo be in a se abcde tak trae te omit fe ot Scan te enw We Seen ge ave nore peo te eens se ig eer mn are os Awe leno ard of ping acer ei SS ech ad eco ea cuter, 0 See Os Se eee be not of rig a oe $e ote inl ate ae Fn rece mache cet ees a, oe i Ta “Sten co cen fe ee re nab cen, ch od cr ae stand the Ineleul was ot ual the ih Seo Sty tt he tor was evgizl in western ape 2 = TET Red eve hen se ws ot see the proper creator of AES licn bet ner anid choses by od forthe ‘lon of dviae wh? was only slowly. oe te cous ft lh ‘Sra cman. aodina highly ted ane, a the str bee Te) toga a eis fh rer wort (Ena in 170s ta Frc in (793; and in Prosi. 170 Morse ws Gee Naver 199) ba ez find ws boots ave ace bee the exclusive o ten he most preva oom ‘ot peed mate, hogh ty hae bon the most peleged and cet ected, tay ths be concluded tha the anored and owed book ‘San expression ofa clu ideal which the meer West has ches= ‘Sod ut which tas ad very lil od wi he etoogy at Mas produced i Indes ts Wea that was not aa seven even the founders fhe rest mods deers, who more thn Soyo ‘ert ie printing pes athe get apn! of Enlighten bua popes cone ofthe mot skin fas othe stoi he bok thm consi the caret dcuon of he sre oF he tok inte elen age snes wh dees amp epee ot Enlighetent phlsopes td thir eames. Nob Lock, for example, ws dp) skin abot he ale of twos a a sore of knowlege In is ye thy wee a co be ‘Rpts asenoos and supenitons of th Indeed be fel danger ithe sion that books were contsners of owe He way sare tht be very form he boat by Eig, tendo ey te nfermation seed ie The oly woe sure of knowledge, be ‘itaiped sth alse clothe snes Boks mast be scen Inrely mechanism wansision, cru btw sender ant reste rte that a epson center of Hae ata? "Aaa Fase, Cone arg moe adil til ha te ton soni a war nace ation the biti monarchy, teat on dpensing peg comercial nd hoor mompoles 8 favored sujet rl thon fitting the sea of gh From 3 ‘dal sessional vewpoi he sued that Laowedge foe the Senses does ond sould ao Belong to sane, eee kori interes in ate el nxn he mind tht pcees ke Ui ys ‘al propery (sch as land he argue, Wo people, ro tat mater an {nie number car Hk of nha ke ve of ti se ss fenton tence How ten cou one of them hve an echsve eo be the Sate of hose dss ott norman “Ths ng Before tbe ant of he dg eoton pang. a cea sand of Elighegen thought ad akeady ended he Booka a archsc and nfo cola form. Ae Kao ete tote seen a dred from experienc, alo cae be see as ve xg. na apend nde an experience fl To fx knowledge tetween te cardboard over, no aio of tat sic 1m sotcoce wast conan it eeuaion The best ay 40 pedom Seer nde of ange oop ne elton fo ating rane on ene, Se ikng seblcr os wel betwen cet ec soar Steno cen a be mde fay ete sped eprom: were. be ecient wt be combing fae. ao pe arene be ctl ott i YO. ec tebe nar andere S00 ttre xing of ters Te ihe cena wit 2.2 pinnae wr acrcnolgi 2 meat of utng eee pancacn ino ee of ey nul cc. Tre Canoet te iy of ing se ow coo of 1 Sos of waa be pt wig a of Frc i Fae ett Aa ft become ey plete aaa mlm pstaung pup banged wil ese nts of psc and creo? Steere ecemanda Soeeoenere te ee claus the Cotte eee meio mt seme Tae Scaraion of “press fed” eccompassed far oe ed oaksling Galion te peofesoas of printing, poblshig, 3 Gul oe eo and 198, he sant bert the Enlighroes ecw (hip nd found cll ion elena pis s ‘rnsnted if ita massive deren ofthe publishing word By 193, anyone cou owas ining pressor engage in publishing and bookseling What sore, wih he ston of opal ray prvi ad th od to pcpleation cnr appeared tht any ould rips anja. Ts, he ft ew er of he enh evan ste carers erry sytem od egies Ssnaned and replaced by afc marke in te worl of eas “These anges di oc baever innit the Kind of ata fe thir uti hd evsoned. Calta nach ens in the wake of the "clarion fie feeds of he rent"The clap of royal lasoa pt he nota of auorship tai ito queion. alee: ‘vlad in aorymiy we leraty pes exe te ene of thor’ "lege" Fa fom popegaingealghened ian, 3 (Coooret ad deed the ed pees of Par poured forth na ly aden sds pola pps ell a wos that Spyewed itelourer beens othe ne ten a pomer Once egalizd rend er alo copy ort sl, he reat ent ofthe Elgon wet ot of pri. Te revolting market demanded novels ed amesenen, ot scence and wl Kawedge Moe prof, ‘witout any commer proteeon of te au or pie, ook [bling came economically unease In the wake of tse ft ‘cnsnuene ofthe deegulaton af pest cate, the cell plcy ‘mater insscesine national entice came to renin tha a. ‘sci cebu pls wa uopan, and tha hey would hae fad 2 nears to eolte th word of pit if thr ea fan elghtoed ‘epi was be end “The curl tor Condo experienced inthe st ew yas of te Revala ed i orally rvs bis dea ofa wally ere lad aur e exchange Betworaclzem tough he mem ‘of pn Ined ed Kim to ply leading role ating epi {tn 1793%o sexe clade centered inthe “vaio of {he book” yleplly recognizing te principe of leary property ao 8 ‘meas of tldng nde! sthors scout for what cy pu lished andy rerepuating rn comers oe book pbishing a+ ‘oppo! to epbemerl pied mate, pain commercial ible The ‘obcensJculre at emeued fon Be Fen Reoltonary lei Jaton was, soweer, aay ifn fr ato the od eine. ‘Taragh the egal notion of & “lee open High” the Nations CConeion reshaped ike pois! and lea Wty ofthe sex- cxmanest ensforming that cau age rom apetilegd cater ofthe abso {Stn tte into a propery-owsing civic Heo, an gest of pic ‘eificament And it tanafomed te publiing indus as wel, SHeEtnng corporate monopai tbe means of prion, ce Srtine tn pubhing won wel pestle prvi Peay ners of France. Pblsting was ths repounied Sr panei of markt commerce. Ths eg! a asians ee toed atensurng the dominance othe book acuta fom Feigelson esonedefesion yon eves rer tus ie ‘foctancous end pid nerves mae posible By Beane ad Fee peodoctn The aor of oaks, wo ad propery itso Er Whcr work, could therefore be held eal sscourtable for what eo she pbb, cree powetces ingrant 10 not tht te “OEY right" of stirs, legislated by ost Wester European cous erik and ofthe egbcenth century, wee not nlimited in Sp ‘lend gland Pasian law al ecgnzed th public inert “aed ta ala ited pero allowing te mtbr eth books ‘cae to pbc oan” and as ecome el ero [Shc anyone ems to plat. Afr this prod ei of pote ‘Shui mo lnger merle reproduction igs thse ex nly to the pra ein of Given is a ean i foe ast several esis the Hons share of prof in comms pblising as inbred ot ia he fied eo rh clam to urs tet beter in the i (0 icon teen oo Gz Gene (1997 as cae fact” fama ce, inroducon, iustations ded Tes eto ot even to ti dy mst Baropean Bookstores a ‘Stunned by posing houses (Psd, Sei PUT, ee.) a5 well Pair autor Signin Joh Seely Brown and Pat Ben 985) have eerily renewed iteet nthe etal td er alo of panel paras and tr elaboration ‘sin te digi event "fea noton of the pubic domain” bs preserved ves within te modes hk publisiag er esta leet of Conor (Mealetanvena aces toa common Tea Iberian, The mode iztn of the book tht emerged frm he democrat eal isch cighcet contr as tet estar compromise eee oe aig oc ia the stn of the eg-beaing and cen ni mtr, i o eene es w ‘So et th er sop se of pe xg The me te ech ies bk ede oe sy pied te ne ep ee ds the nai noes a Proeptein cw tne nc rte he ia ely kg ls wel pepe Son cnn Te patel pleat of i erp wee ‘nal opt thea ptr Dan Com ‘ita nt cet seietya Seman tartcaioleee cos begs ics ep png mm Se gen Shocechangotms ec nncpnet Sonica nie asc Face cpeleaset ne sayme comity giant on ee ha wt fat Comte teil incon bees eb nde om ert ie pyc fom of pc wr oe pct tof wc St at re ao pin pes nd a tr ‘ead of enpratytht frm eases Sis tecin saw erm fcge Histo ene ‘ic cones ef piconet ttn 5 cn a ne oo em res cl Gets ep ete epi de Seat pec fren ee Te ok Ma st ‘Spun rats ea pct oe Te prs woe the debts ad poly guion fhe ie get cy a hw fy oy in ng Cntr 92 wee tobe ing te amis ta De posi fag heme fcing 8 pel wa or tent wh anni open) he rad cen he ‘Said py per pea SEs in i do wily ese od oti com an of rl elcf pif oe in indium nd pre property The {henson {pe T eve demontran, were mx omens ‘pining, ut cer wool hie, embod nal nd ‘Sine plces at conned te ean of at calurd ea ris ese {ro a ha be cet dts O lect tok bul be dese mich so he modes att {hme ofa pedo a cosspion.dooik at ‘Chula ae ect oreo mae ate cee of he {Coe The it of x Sesaliz nd expeinentaio ‘Sey ate pout yt set of sow cool esos — Spretons cece ln Sou te ert ad ah — BeTcSncmer of iw now med per ean he pce of ‘Cennard dae os oe esa ‘seein i opera tha he nd of exprinestatn tt ‘Se camenty winesng in dati oben is symptom of [Screg or ues ative opt ea, wpa com ‘Suicine medium tat bs svobed aloes of obo he a fnen retry fens aber en cose of ‘ecsopal pss ones op yh tatain te? ‘Te moe ley sia odes cian of he two tated one eno liane ote ein ceety spect «pra vin of cra whic ents Sela of ie mtononno escaing ed self goveing. POP- ‘Soeownag nase kale, nd 0 see tes pl efexien and eb, Wha we mast er TSE Gag mh oman of fray sytem th ecoie RE Sot its chalege or ltr se Kes tou Sepa putea comms aden! ois we imple, ne dae coor spire evo or he are pet “ittenenasy ae we sin selfcoming wd cont i et eyo ewe pin tne oe ‘Simul snd sponuneily resmponng posit te Se ning meng mga ely etcetera sea se oes my Fon is owe ausy expounded im he Late Hoi of SEGCe sh car he ron fom pun ome Rowe anton te onda beon cong Theat cyarpce, x wri ey And ence we ve een are Sa orb fare gusts wich al od what nes of tnt nd elton se apron 0 ‘that task will follow easily. = {The umaking of the iterary sytem in the electron age eee seen eee ee ae ate aes Saeenoeceescs eee ees ae eee errs ae eee ee —— teat e ceseton of ttl can es See Saree rier Saeed Eee semen ee eects ee seo eee ee Sees eres iene aniesorenornas a eee eos eee Sreeear ee Soot once See Seoe coms utes itary of Congress 0 conver the Cold Wir ste etwas ‘St ibeRao Free Ee headquarters in Manic nto ay nteaton ‘Titigrap datas foremegig Baste European ements! “Tiss notin suggest, however, hat ating nw soca conssucae of he ecwoiiaton ofthe moder Us sem. ‘So fing the stra nwitsig te reaking of th > ys nt sn pe act ein e poate the ey isttaons of ie Bok, SPS he rate andthe rary i ems of tine, mete, ad eof ston, than i toms of pe ees, 20% "Tis retin of Knowledge fos in ego aber ha pata tern on be daca crus sopslaly dese crge of =e Thy arte poets, Most onably, Domingue Pera’ get ‘eal scoyenent inthe sia ofthe Biblotbbgue Nationale de REELS crpeiliaton of the bay's fom, te aeslaton of tee the oid” ing witb als ary tat ‘Phowpace Buc sory iatreting to obser that 8 similar set of ‘petal es sme by an archtst weking on ray poet Escayatferet chest iiom and witha fame of reer tn St of is tat aol ater hn lbal in ste, Ts ‘Ging Smee hie of be pow mca ray fo te cy of ‘SSR aso pointes aes of space contigo m4 {iy ss cxempliyng an “ace of non" chi testo, weil of nde, inercron, an psa abe (Gus chums died by wale. An mre radically ile otra ‘lm! pet to eat ae rte ew patient Does me NES Bap is being concted sply 2 ees of gall ected sn evtroks inking fon bases oe wo feally oct swore tal except inthe ands ftir es, "Ae it the Pete of ster 0 0, with be iia consoson of te kone ta wil ge ie wii, Bt ath See ooh. nse nop Harte langsape wo 10 ‘Lote te form ef Knowledge of the eleccoic Urry metaphor ‘lye our acs rom he specs emit by castors {oe hws of te id hess the inj of those Dour {hyn tothe elton consid at hitpoints of ier vooxssvme a Son a fi ea slong consid nan ean frag of frm sal Cte of tape’ 4c ded Sno bruir mss heen exe onc chor td pats, Mcaps of moe sein maton flows bec hs esa wt woof Pal van Pat (99) Kao oer at We con ‘Sens tt wih poe tongs kee eer {schimperi “Th say of Bokan sath raph va ul xa, se lian Rte Beng (80) hs sees oe ‘erealfor dr sled dee eso epee Shes tach nda eer can cnet one ea pa ap S=y shen ake, Moraes inoeason apis a comp ‘tetas tt he acd aplenton of ali aig bron ofthe ny boty ewer norman ned {Sct Th te conpat sean Ale Nowe wre epee cmp ns ey Deen a ee “ons ce “tny aa ees Roce isccetnton ine yen ok nthe fare, seems, thre wil be no ied canons of etl 0 fed epstemalogial boundaries Reween dips, nly paths of ni. modes of negrton, and moments of exo “Te nin ofthe wit and he ead ae eg recs witha his ‘expr low as wel The designers ofthe worsiaons forthe Biblomtaue Nesonl de France, or exp, olin thereat ferns of he ind of ating she pats. Gone wet sel Gerd ‘eres popula poltal etic eras privat) renee oe ay ing wea ones pying) capo tht ce dese he cont cies ferry fe The nage wt sealers the lesen age ‘Ee conte, sadn ems offi node of acto a ine The ‘roc distinction im te word of scenic writers and rade, cong te desgners of te BibLonbgue Nationale de rnc the Hain Rober Being among thes, wil be terween ng ad ‘hr tr researc? Ts helo eseare wil move int fverexpanding web of vectors. Se wil have a see of diction, enue se wil be compet athe wahoo of esac, et i expo wot ons ees carp, th ceo det» oma il ot yet now whee se is going end wp. Metabo ten, (o emet hs eybonpure — the sew electors tray system ~ is © jormy oat of space, adit the dinexson of ti "Wt apes tobe emering othe ial evuion sth pot sibly ot new nose of tempat fr plc communion 08 Inwhichpolic exchange thé the writen word ean cect without ‘eral inacotimousy lame present A word in which ware {Bi droagh cloooi wating, comiamily present oe aot. “Thre wold iso sugaest something npecedestednhis os ‘yo be escape of wing from iy. Wha te cgtlization of {eusstns fo me osted wp te pasty for wing 0 eaten ‘Temporl me hiteso excuse posible fr spesch 2 parole aber an longue, New tes of reaung-siting se emerging ‘mal communica i "Yea fie’ te orl publ foram cea {ems efnerctne type, te development of dyramapsingeoeic. {il bblognpbi resttch, ands forth The implies of tse Taos of eaceeic wing are poesia profound Srchinodes make posse to mines word in which wring hes is pralr rao ein wich eSpace cred by these ture of defer gives way to poe eal simula (0 wal ME might want fo eal scx sper Inresig)y though peor 26 ‘ping. itis lye who have besa th tt size wpon the {eal implcatos of tis dovlopmeat and who have begin 19 Sevence new replat adel for ecole eding-watng yesh Ings peonnace sod serie rater than commodity." the, Lam sggesngsnoducng anew mode of tempos he mode Kary sem I dosnt, nd wil overex, impose ew cual forms, is sot ineviable that te {xm of wing and nodes text uc she book wil come ‘cinco a we wl al soon be ving witha «wanes opin een sme touoh sted speck Digit, ahs, hs ‘Scud mw teas upon which erry syn wil ow Op ‘Tie a tcain thm econeies out mem! tndoape (bal forms of nowleige snd meses of ppcienson ard exchange) in prfermaire ‘ater as sect emi What ind of rary tem We einen. {bon that new ‘xan al for wr 0 dei. THe soy of aw te ‘Modem trary sytem wl bead inter of hese new empo- {t pusbtes and wih what cooqpence,sobe hat sins re eye able oll is possible to seclat, however. that if por ave mos of writing Pe mds fw spade ce ns the rye ime tan nemo. Notes ca, Bat ae ay Cs eke ‘Se 90 hr), re see SS ‘etre Bie ant Reo) (989) oc ese Pot (95, Di, Wea, ie A (90 sn oN ym Atel a’ Cane Uae Pee mat tne, Ps ek 255 nn ay apg my ve hc ty Hse cp. cage 123. el ie oct ln ay eon beg ta gmp ae * Se Bal Hae oe 9 Sra Mapes). So Gat tea Bore "ona mo win Ly (5 onl Be, Gi indy 97a Scie 98)References Fe eT wu etumer oni 195“ ac dp ets | nae ae TB keeps hls ‘Cato ae Ds ne velar ee und ese Pe Pa CE en cma tt pega St nt es aes pangs mn Pat, Cae: Har 7:00 Be: ae wn sy a 190 Sep oe mes Bos Fat ct. a 3s 19 ei Pe oo Af Ch, Ce Cane anety "90a wot wt pcan nosey ty he ‘a Rea za "SNe nn nen tpi eng Phe rien pe ‘Stic! nan 038 "0 atghcanen pinoy and xo i In etonry Fee 7715 pas 31. 19 Ph Cin ot at 78 ey "9 Te Con Sc te Girne Foch Rei, ‘Reson taney Pe Te cata emg i pert ad tl wl ‘tmp sent he wy cases As ‘nt os Sweh Gna Pn, Sees 1S 19 Naot yen ih Sr Rs 812 ‘ners pecs te Paap INScscrnef cman Guo Une Oar 53 a 96 he Cate Gat Te Uy a esaw ee ey of Pte oe 0. fen Rass 2 ag tt no cn {Seed ee ipa ede 1 a as sc ve, ens cli ici om etn ct a een of ade TS ic ter pi en Bini epee oat fe mt nt te em ‘i ip nttcp omn tp ae I Tae anc ope cry Se anes 5 0"Doatet ‘THE PRAGMATICS OFTHE NEW. “TRTHESUS, MCLUHAN,CASSIODORUS Fist ie ate news rom the net Books at ert say: ‘ets es ten ute Pi we hoe Pe ‘Scntenatnren a acne nape ee ‘est sind mer" aston aay a ak SM seeye ker etestnieamty ee Ofcous ssecetil noes has cen coi finer that ‘night sot agen: Whe the tions ht we ca and wl ead ‘an ston wil fe known at “ovel” ia ques lee for ote 1 ve no reso think hat books wil spear with a esoasble fare butt stats ofthe books sey aie nos it hasnt been inv hanced years. My purpose inthis ny ro meditate on sore oor epee in sch ae post ies do were ost few mons etme begin with sry dt played self ot few miles from Sa Mario, co he stand at Rial. The pope was not happy. He a been sunnored fom Rome by the government at Raveon to ace sctstons, mt fre fa ie, finer sein an nse od To be sre, he had ot et boon eles be was ar a Be salle. to pay back rate substantial loan made by a Milanese banker taken suse the cot of doing bsicss mit he eaping famines ofthe goverment a oto bathe hal oe ot ‘re rsd. se would iter be raised, othe foal nk of sae of he anvenal church, He war tis day being hie jomocy to ‘Ravenna at Rimini, walig onthe fea taking the ar when be saw a caigs ps by on he high oad to Ravenns carrying Women he recognized. They wer the very women with whom he had ben sccued at Rone flict aseciaton, an be aon tha thy deen somone to Raven 1 esti eit im. Keeping ie Knowledge oimsel, be wated wot nightfall ook sage sie, tnd led back to Rome, ring ise! 3p i Sit Peter ob (at agains te word