II

, Va .
Ar(N): 7
Mr(N): 14

nsnp - e.

N.
. .
, , .

.
-195 C.

.
.

, =78%.
,
.
.
.
:
, ,
...

,
,
.
.

,
, ,
.

.

NH - .

-185 C, , 150 .
- :
NH+Cl+Na+NO N+2HO+Cl+Na

-3 +5.

-3

-2

NH

HN-NH

-1
NHOH

0
N

+1

+2

NO

NO

+3
NO
NOCl
HNO

+4
NO

+5
NO
HNO

+6

 NH

(N) ,
NH.
, , .
, -, :
2NHCl+CaO 2NH+CaCl+HO

CO(NH) -
, .
:
2NH + CO NHCOONH
NHCOONH NHCONH + HO

 NH

,
, , ,
...

=29,4%
,
, .

(
, , ...),
.


,
.
.
2NH+ HO NH + HO

,


.
NH+ HO NH+ HO

NHNO

(NH)SO

NH+HNO NHNO

:
N+3H 2NH
- .
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
t = 500C; p = 20MPa

. ()
.
25C,
. 25 C
100.000
500 . ,
500C

10 - 15%.


+1 +5

(I) , NO, -
. , ,
, , :
2NO 2N + O

(II) , NO, -
, , , .
(IV) :
2NO + O 2 NO


N,N,N -

(III) , NO, -
, NO NO,
... :
NO + HO 2HNO

(IV) , NO, -
, , , .
, ....

(V) , NO, -
.
:
NO + HO 2HNO

 :
()
HNO
(III) :
NO+ HO 2HNO
, .
:
2HNO NO + NO + HO
- . :
2NNO 2NNO + O
.
...

 :
()
HNO
.
, ,
-...

.
, , , ,
...
.
.
.
.
.

 :
() HNO
: .
,
.
,
.
- NaNO ( )
- KNO

:



.

 .

II