Assalamualaikum

Pre Hospital Trauma

Keperawatan Gawat

March 25, 2015

March 25, 2015

General Trauma Assessment

1. Scene size up
2. Initial assessment/ primary survey
3. Rapid trauma survey or focus
assessment/ secondary survey

March 25, 2015

Scene size up
Universal precaution?
Lihat keadaan sekitar
Prioritas utama: keselamatan penolong
lingkungan yang aman untuk bekerja

Initial triage. Berapa jumlah korban?

Mekanisme cedera?
Rapid extrication?
Aktifkan EMS

March 25, 2015

Alat yang diperlukan

Proteksi penolong
Long back board/scoop stretcher
Cervical collar
OPT, suction
Oksigen

March 25, 2015

Cervical collar

March 25, 2015

Oropharyngeal tube

March 25, 2015

Airway Equipment

March 25, 2015

Dressing and Bandages

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Long Back Board

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Scoop stretcher

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Primary survey
Gambaran umum korban
Tentukan respon pasien tingkat kesadaran
AVPU
Kaji airway, breathing & circulation
lakukan tindakan jika terdapat gangguan
bebaskan airway, stabilkan spine, support
pernafasan dan kontrol perdarahan mayor

Tentukan prioritas keputusan transfer ke

trauma centre
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March 25, 2015

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Rapid Trauma Survey

Pemeriksaan secara sistematis dari
kepala, leher, dada, abdomen, pelvis dan
ekstremitas dengan melihat, mendengar,
meraba untuk menemukan kasus life
threatening

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Secondary survey
SAMPLE (Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past
medical history, Last oral intake, Events preceding the
incident)
Vital sign
Deformities, Contusion, Abrasion, Penetration, Burn,
Laceration, Swelling (DCAP-BLS)
Tenderness, Instability, Crepitation (TIC)
Pulse, Movement, Sensation (PMS)
LOC AVPU
Pulse oxymetry
Intervensi lanjut: balut & bidai
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March 25, 2015

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Critical Interventions and

Transport Decision
1. Initial assessment

Penurunan kesadaran
Respirasi abnormal
Sirkulasi abnormal syok, perdarahan tidak terkontrol

2. Rapid trauma survey

Abnormal chest exam flail chest, etc

Tender/distended abdomen
Pelvic instability
Bilateral femur fractures

3. High risk group

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Transport
Jenis transportasi?
Transfer ke trauma centre berdasar
prioritas pasien!

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Wassalamualaikum

March 25, 2015

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