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Mạng Truy Nhập GPON
Mạng Truy Nhập GPON
Gi i t hiu chuyn :
H ni 2007
Ni dung
1 Gii thiu phm vi v l do la chn chuyn ............................................................5
2 Gii thiu mng truy nhp quang ti thu bao (FTTH) v GPON ................................6
2.1 Khi nim v u im FTTH .................................................................................6
2.2 Kin trc v thnh phn ca mng PON................................................................6
2.3 Cc chun mng PON ............................................................................................7
2.4 GPON .....................................................................................................................8
3 nh ngha v vit tt .....................................................................................................8
3.1 nh ngha ..............................................................................................................8
3.2 Cc ch vit tt.....................................................................................................11
4 Kin trc mng truy nhp quang ..................................................................................14
4.1 Kin trc mng .....................................................................................................14
4.1.1
FTTB ..........................................................................................................15
4.1.1.1 FTTB cho MDU ......................................................................................15
4.1.1.2 FTTB cho doanh nghip..........................................................................15
4.1.2
FTTC v FTTCab .......................................................................................16
4.1.3
FTTH ..........................................................................................................16
4.2 Cu hnh mng tham chiu ..................................................................................16
4.2.1
Giao din nt dch v SNI ..........................................................................17
4.2.2
Giao din mng ngi dng UNI ...............................................................18
4.2.3
Cc dch v .................................................................................................18
4.2.4
Thit b u cui ng dy OLT ..............................................................19
4.2.5
Thit b u cui mng ONU/ONT ............................................................20
5 Cc c tnh c bn ca GPON ....................................................................................20
5.1 Tc bit .............................................................................................................20
5.2 Khong cch logic................................................................................................20
5.3 Khong cch vt l...............................................................................................21
5.4 Khong cch si quang chnh lch ......................................................................21
5.5 T l chia...............................................................................................................21
6 Cu trc phn lp ca mng quang GPON ..................................................................21
6.1 Lp ph thuc phng tin vt l PMD ..............................................................21
6.1.1
Tc tn hiu danh nh...........................................................................21
6.1.2
Phng tin vt l v phng thc truyn .................................................22
6.1.3
Tc bit....................................................................................................22
6.1.3.1 Tc ng xung ...............................................................................22
6.1.3.2 Tc ng ln ....................................................................................22
6.1.4
M ha ng dy......................................................................................22
6.1.5
6.1.5.1 ng xung...........................................................................................23
6.1.5.2 ng ln ................................................................................................23
6.1.6
Ngun pht ti giao din Old v giao din Oru ...........................................23
6.1.6.1 Cc loi ngun pht.................................................................................23
6.1.6.2 c tnh ph ............................................................................................23
6.1.6.3 Cng sut pht trung bnh .......................................................................23
6.1.6.4 T l chnh lch logic ..............................................................................24
6.1.6.5 H s phn x ln nht ca thit b o ti bc sng my pht .............24
6.1.7
ng truyn quang gia giao din Old/Oru v giao din Ord/Olu ..............25
6.1.7.1 Di suy hao..............................................................................................25
6.1.7.2 Suy hao phn x quang nh nht ca mng cp ti im tham chiu R/S
bao gm cc connector ..........................................................................................25
6.1.7.3 H s phn x ring l gia im tham chiu S v R .............................25
6.1.8
Trang 5 /56
2 Gii thiu mng truy nhp quang ti thu bao (FTTH) v GPON
2.1 Khi nim v u im FTTH
Trc y cc h thng mng truy nhp c s dng ch yu l cp ng, ng
dng cho cc dch v c lu lng thp. Vic s dng cp ng c nhng li ishc
nh chi ph thp, kh nng lp t v trin khai n gin. Tuy nhin, cp ng c
nhiu hn ch nh bng thng nh, kh nng chng nhiu km, suy hao ln, phm vi
truyn nh.
Cng ngh truyn dn bng cp quang khc phc hon ton cc nhc im
ny. Truyn dn bng cp quang khng b nhiu do tn hiu c truyn bng nh
sng, suy hao nh, phm v truyn dn gp hng chc ln so vi cp ng v c bit
l bng thng ca cp quang c th ln ti hng trm GHz p ng c hon ton
nhu cu truyn dn.
Nhng nm gn y do s pht trin ca cng ngh lm cho vic sn xut cp
quang d dng v gi thnh ca cp quang cng nh cc thit b u ni cp h, do
vy cp quang c s dng rng ri. Thc t ti Vit nam cng nh trn th gii l
cc mng li hu ht l mng quang nhng mng truy nhp vn ch yu s dng cp
ng. Mng cp quang truy nhp vn cn nh l v mi ch c trin khai ch yu
cc nc c nn cng ngh thng tin pht trin nh M, Hn Quc, Nht Bn....
Tuy nhin vi s bng n v nhu cu bng thng hin nay, vic trin khai mt h
thng mng truy nhp quang n tng h gia nh l mt xu th tt yu. chnh l
mng FTTH Fiber to the home.
2.2 Kin trc v thnh phn ca mng PON
Mng FTTH bao gm cc ng quang i t nh cung cp dch v c dng
chung cho mt s khch hng. S c mt ng quang i n mt nhm khch hng
gn nhau v mt a l. Ti y ng quang dng chung ny s c chia tch
thnh cc ng quang ring bit i n tng khch hng.
Mng truy nhp quang th ng PON l kiu mng im-a im. Mi khch
hng c kt ni ti mng quang thng qua mt b chia quang th ng, v vy
khng c cc thit b in ch ng trong mng phn chia v bng thng c chia s
t nhnh n ngi dng. Tn hiu ng xung c pht qung b ti cc thu
bao, tn hiu ny c m ha trnh vic xem trm. Tn hiu ng ln c kt
hp bng vic s dng giao thc a truy nhp phn chia theo thi gian. OLT s iu
khin cc ONU s dng cc khe thi gian cho vic truyn d liu ng ln.
Trong mng PON, OLT l thnh phn chc nng chnh ca h thng t tng
i. ONU l thit b t pha ngi dng.ONU kt ni ti OLT bng cc si quang
v khng c cc thnh phn ch ng gia. B chia tn hiu (splitter) l thnh phn
rt quan trng cua h thng, theo tiu chun ITU G.983.1 mt b chia s dng ti a
cho 32 khch hng.
Trang 6 /56
Trang 7 /56
GE-PON
(EPON)
GPON
c tnh
Tc - ng
ln/ng xung
155/622 Mbps
1.0/1.0 Gbps
1.25/2.5 Gbps
Giao thc c bn
ATM
Ethernet
GEM
phc tp
Cao
Thp
Cao
Chi ph
Cao
Thp
Cha r
ITU-T
IEEE
ITU-T
Ri, 1995
Ri, 2004
Ri
1,000,000
bao
Bc M
Chu
thu
Mi
nghim
th
Mi
nghim
th
2.4 GPON
H thng GPON thng thng gm mt thit b kt cui ng dy OLT
(Optical Line Termination) v thit b kt cui mng ONU (Optical Network Unit)
hay ONT (Optical Network Termination) c ni vi nhau qua mng phn phi
quang ODN (Optical Distribution Network). Quan h gia OLT v ONU l quan h
mt-nhiu, mt OLT s kt ni vi nhiu ONU.
B khuyn ngh G.984 ca ITU a ra tiu chun cho mng PON tc
gigabit (GPON) l phin bn mi nht i vi cng ngh mng PON. Mng GPON
c dung lng mc gigabit cho php cung cp cc ng dng video, truy nhp
internet tc cao, multimedia, v cc dch v bng thng rng. Cng vi dung
lng mng gia tng, tiu chun mi ny a ra kh nng x l IP v Ethernet hiu
qu hn.
Mc ch tiu chun G.984.1 l ci thin h thng PON theo tiu chun
G.983.1 thng qua cc yu cu v cung cp dch v, cc chnh sch bo mt, tc
bit danh nh... m bo tnh lin tc so vi cc h thng trc, tiu chun
G.984.1 s duy tr mt s yu cu trong tiu chun G.983.1.
3 nh ngha v vit tt
3.1 nh ngha
Sau y l cc nh ngha c s dng thng xuyn trong ti liu.
Trang 8 /56
ANI
APD
APON
APS
ATM
BER
BIP
BRI
BWmap
C/M
planes
CBR
CID
Control/Management planes
Tc bit c nh
S ging nhau lin tip
CPL
CRC
DACT
DBA
DBR
DBRu
Cp pht bng tn ng
Tc bit xc nh
DF
DFB
E/O
FEC
FTTB
FTTCab/C
FTTH
Deactivate Failure
Distributed FeedBack laser
Electrical/Optical
Forward Error Correction
Fibre to the Building
Fibre to the Cabinet/Curb
Fibre to the Home
GEM
GFP
GFR
GPM
Bo co bng tn ng ng
ln
Li b kch hot
Laser feedback phn b
in/quang
Sa li
Mng quang n ta nh
Mng quang n t cp
Mng quang n h gia
nh/thu bao
Ch ng gi GPON
Th tc ng khung chung
Tc khung m bo
Lp ph thuc vt l GPON
Mng quang th ng gigabit
Lp hi t truyn dn GPON
Kim tra li tiu
M t mt gi
M t mt knh cho ATM
M t mt knh cho GEM
Trng iu khin laser
Module giao din ng dy
u cui ng dy
n v gi tin nhiu a ch
Ch a chiu dc
Nhiu chia mode
M ng dy NRZ
Cp pht bng tn khng bo
NT
O/E
OAM
OAN
ODF
ODN
OLT
OMCC
OMCI
Network Termination
Optical/Electrical
Operation, Administration and
Maintenance
Optical Access Network
Optical Distribution Frame
Optical Distribution Network
Optical Line Termination
ONU Management and Control
Channel
ONU Management and Control
Interface
ONT
ONU
ONU-ID
OpS
ORL
PCBd
Operations System
Optical Return Loss
Physical
Control
downstream
PCR
PDU
PEE
PIN
Plend
PLI
PLOAM
PLOAMd
PLOu
PLSu
PON
Port-ID
POTS
PRBS
Block
co trng thi
Kt cui mng
Quang/in
Vn hnh, qun l v bo dng
Mng truy nhp quang
Gi phn phi quang
Mng phn phi quang
Thit b kt cui ng dy
Knh iu khin v qun l
ONU
Giao din iu khin v qun l
ONU
Thit b kt cui mng quang
Thit b kt cui mng quang
Nhn dng thit b kt cui
mng quang
H iu hnh
Suy hao phn x quang
Khi iu khin vt l ng
xung
Tc gi nh
n v bn tin giao thc
Li thit b vt l
Diode quang khng thc ni
Chiu di ti tin ng xung
Ch th chiu di ti tin
OAM lp vt l
OAM lp vt l ng xung
Tiu lp vt l ng ln
Chui mc cng sut ng ln
Mng quang th ng
Nhn dng cng
Dch v in thoi truyn thng
Chui bi gi ngu nhin
PRI
PSTN
RMS
SDH
SLM
SN
SNI
SOA
SR-DBA
TC
T-CONT
U plane
UNI
VC
VCI
VP
VPI
WDM
Transmission Convergence
Transmission Container
User plane
User Network Interface
Virtual Channel
Virtual Channel Identifier
Virtual Path
Virtual Path Identifier
Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Telephone
Trong hnh:
UNI l giao din gia mng vi ngi dng
SNI l giao din gia OLT vi mng li
S khc nhau chnh gia cc dch v FTTB, FTTCab v FTTH l dch v cung
cp khc nhau, v vy trong ti liu ny cc dch v ny s c xem xt tng ng
nhau.
4.1.1 FTTB
Dch v mng quang n ta nh bao gm hai trng hp: dnh cho khu vc chung
c MDU (multi-dwelling units) v dnh cho khu vc doanh nghip. Mi trng hp
ny li bao gm cc tiu ch dch v nh sau:
4.1.1.1 FTTB cho MDU
Bao gm cc dng dch v nh sau:
- Dch v bng rng khng i xng (dch v broadcast s, video theo yu cu,
download file ...)
- Dch v bng rng i xng (broadcast ni dung, email, trao i file, o to t xa,
khm bnh t xa, chi game trc tuyn...)
- Dch v in thoi truyn thng v ISDN: mng truy nhp phi h tr mt cch
linh hot cung cp cc dch v in thoi bng hp.
4.1.1.2 FTTB cho doanh nghip
Bao gm cc dng dch v nh sau:
- Dch v bng rng i xng (broadcast ni dung, phn mm nhm, email , trao i
file...)
- Dch v in thoi truyn thng v ISDN: mng truy nhp phi h tr mt cch
linh hot cung cp cc dch v in thoi bng hp.
- ng thu knh ring: mng truy nhp phi h tr mt cch linh hot cung
cp dch v thu knh ring vi cc mc tc khc nhau.
4.1.2 FTTC v FTTCab
Bao gm cc dng dch v nh sau:
- Dch v bng rng khng i xng (dch v broadcast s, video theo yu cu,
download file ...)
- Dch v bng rng i xng (broadcast ni dung, email, trao i file, o to t xa,
khm bnh t xa, chi game trc tuyn...)
- Dch v in thoi truyn thng v ISDN: mng truy nhp phi h tr mt cch
linh hot cung cp cc dch v in thoi bng hp.
- Cc dch v mng trc xDSL.
4.1.3 FTTH
Bao gm cc dng dch v nh sau:
- Dch v bng rng khng i xng (dch v broadcast s, video theo yu cu,
download file ...)
- Dch v bng rng i xng (broadcast ni dung, email, trao i file, o to t xa,
khm bnh t xa, chi game trc tuyn...)
- Dch v in thoi truyn thng v ISDN: mng truy nhp phi h tr mt cch
linh hot cung cp cc dch v in thoi bng hp.
4.2 Cu hnh mng tham chiu
M hnh mng GPON FTTx c ch ra trong hnh 3.
Trong hnh:
WDM Module ghp knh quang theo bc sng
NE
Thit b mng s dng bc sng khc so vi OLT v ONU
AF
SNI
UNI
S
R
A/B
SNI
1000BASE- X (IEEE802.3)
ITU-T Rec. G.965
Giao din vt l
V5.2
Dch v
Ethernet
POTS, ISDN (BRI), ISDN
(PRI)
DS3, ATM, E1, E3
E1. ATM
T1, DS3
T1, DS3, ATM
Giao din vt l
Dch v
10BASE-T (IEEE802.3)
Ethernet
100BASE-TX (IEEE802.3)
Ethernet
1000BASE- T (IEEE802.3)
Ethernet
ISDN (BRI)
PDH
STM-1,4
ATM
PDH
T1, DS3
4.2.3 Cc dch v
GPON c xy dng cung cp tt c cc dch v hin c v c cc dch v mi
cho cc thu bao gia nh v doanh nghip s dng do kh nng truyn bng rng ca
mng. Cc dch v c th do cc nh khai thc mng cung cp s ty thuc vo cc
iu kin quy ch ring ca tng th trng i vi nh khai thc mng.
5 Cc c tnh c bn ca GPON
5.1 Tc bit
V c bn, GPON hng ti tc truyn dn ln hn hoc bng 1.2 Gbit/s. Tuy
nhin, trong trng hp dch v xDSL khng i xng cho FTTH hoc FTTH th
khng cn thit n tc cao nh vy. GPOn nh ngha 7 dng tc bit nh sau:
ng ln 155 Mbit/s, ng xung 1.2 Gbit/s;
ng ln 622 Mbit/s up, ng xung 1.2 Gbit/s;
ng ln 1.2 Gbit/s up, ng xung 1.2 Gbit/s;
ng ln 155 Mbit/s up, ng xung 2.4 Gbit/s;
ng ln 622 Mbit/s up, ng xung 2.4 Gbit/s;
ng ln 1.2 Gbit/s up, ng xung 2.4 Gbit/s;
ng ln 2.4 Gbit/s up, ng xung 2.4 Gbit/s.
5.2 Khong cch logic
Khong cch logic l khong cch ln nht gia ONU/ONT v OLT ngoi tr
khong vt l. Trong mng GPON, khong cch logic ln nht l 60 km.
Lp hi t
truyn dn
(TCTransmission
convergence)
n v
Gi tr
dB
Mc A: 5-20
Mc B: 10-25
Mc C: 15-30
dB
15
dB
km
20
km
20
T l chia nh nht
Loi cp quang
6.1.7 ng truyn quang gia giao din Old/Oru v giao din Ord/Olu
6.1.7.1 Di suy hao
C ba mc ca di suy hao c s dng cho mng quang thu ng :
5-20 dB: loi A;
10-25 dB: loi B;
15-30 dB: loi C.
Cc thng s mc suy hao c tnh ton vi cc gi tr thu c trong trng hp
xu nht bao gm suy hao do u ni, cc b suy hao quang (nu s dng) hoc do
cc thit b quang th ng khc ... bao gm tt c cc trng hp sau:
1) Thay i cu hnh mng cp trong tng lai (thm cc u ni, tng thm
chiu di cp..)
2) Thay i v hiu nng ca cp quang do cc yu t mi trng
3) Suy gim ca cc kt ni, suy hao quang (nu s dng) hoc cc thit b
quang th ng khc gia im tham chiu S v R
6.1.7.2 Suy hao phn x quang nh nht ca mng cp ti im tham chiu
R/S bao gm cc connector
Suy hao phn x quang ton phn ORL (Optical Return Loss) nh nht ti im tham
chiu R/S trong mng ODN phi ln hn 32 dB.
H s phn x ton phn ti im tham chiu S/R cho mt m hnh ODN b chi phi
bi cc connector trong gi phn phi quang ODF (Optical Distribution Frame). H
s phn x ln nht ca mt thnh phn ring l trong mng l -35dB. H s phn x
t 2 connector ODF c th l -32 dB. Tuy nhin ty theo m hnh mng m h s
phn x ton phn c th xu hn -32dB.
6.1.7.3 H s phn x ring l gia im tham chiu S v R
Cc h s phn x ring l trong mng ODN phi tt hn 35 dB.
6.1.8 B thu ti giao din Ord v Olu
6.1.8.1 nhy thu nh nht
nhy thu nh nht c xc nh bng gi tr nh nht c th chp nhn c ca
10
6.1.8.2 Mc qu ti nh nht
Mc qu ti my thu l gi tr ln nht c th chp nhn c ca cng sut trung
10
UI
jitter
cua
tin
hieu
duong
xuong
UI
tocdobitdu
onglen
Hm truyn jitter ca ONU c th hin trong ph lc I-1, khi jitter tn hiu sin u
vo ln ti mc mt n trong ph lc I-2 c p dng vi cc tham s trong hnh
cho mi tc bit.
6.1.8.8.2 To Jitter
Cc thng s to jitter ch c p dng cho ONU.
ONU s khng to ra jitter t nh ti nh ln hn 0.2 Ui ti tc bit 155.52 hoc
622.08 Mbit/s v khng ln hn 0.33 UI ti tc bit 1244.16 Mbit/s, khng c jitter
i vi u vo ng xung v vi bng tn o theo bng trong ph lc t C n E.
6.1.8.9 Kh nng chng cc bit lin tip ging nhau (CID immunity)
OLT v ONU c kh nng chng cc bit lin tip ging nhau nh c ch ra trong
bng t ph lc A n ph lc H.
6.1.8.10 Kh nng chu cng sut phn x
Kh nng chu cng sut phn x l t l cho php ca cng sut trung bnh u vo
quang ca giao din Ord v Olu trn cng sut trung bnh quang phn x khi cc nh
sng phn x l nh sng nhiu ti giao din Ord v Olu.
Kh nng chu cng sut phn x c nh ngha ti nhy thu nh nht.
6.1.8.11 Cht lng truyn dn v hiu nng li
thit k cu trc khung, phi m bo tiu ca gi tin sao cho t l li bit truyn
6
Trong hnh 7, phn ATM, GEM, OAM v PLOAM trong phn lp ng khung
GTC c phn bit theo v tr trong mt khung tn hiu GTC. Ch c phn OAM
mang thng tin vn hnh, qun l v bo dng c kt cui ti phn lp ng
khung GTC ly cc thng tin iu khin cho phn lp ny v thng tin trong phn
OAM c gn trc tip vo tiu ca khung GTC. Thng tin vn hnh, qun l v
bo dng lp vt l PLOAM (Physical layer Operation Administration and
Maintenance) c x l ti khi PLOAM trong phn lp ny. Cc gi tin dch v
SDU (Service Data Unit) trong phn ATM v GEM c chuyn thnh/t gi tin
giao thc PDU (Protocol Data Unit) ca phn ATM v GEM ti mi phn lp thch
ng hi t tng ng. Ngoi ra cc PDU cn bao gm d liu knh OMCI, c xem
xt phn lp hi t ny v c trao i vi thc th giao din iu khin v qun
l ONU (OMCI-ONU Management and Control Interface). Cc thc th OAM,
PLOAM v OMCI thuc mt qun l v iu khin (C/M plane). Cc SDU ngoi tr
phn OMCI v ATM, GEM thuc mt ngi s dng (U plane).
Lp ng khung GTC l trong sut i vi tt c mi d liu c pht v lp ng
khung GTC trong OLT l lp ngang cp trc tip vi cc lp ng khung GTC trong
ONU.
Khi iu khin cp pht bng tn ng (DBA control) l khi chc nng chung,
c trch nhim cp pht bng tn ng cho ton b cc ONU.
ATM client
OMCI
GEM client
PLOAM
G-PON Transmission Convergence (GTC) layer
TC adaptation
sub-layer
OMCI adapter
ATM TC adapter
GEM TC adapter
DBA control
PLOAM
OMCI
TC adaptation sub-layer
OMCI adapter
VPI/VCI
filter
Port-ID
filter
ATM TC adapter
GEM TC adapter
PLOAM
partition
Alloc-ID
filter
Alloc-ID
filter
Embedded
OAM
ATM partition
GEM partition
Frame
header
BW granting
Key switching
DBA
Hnh 10 iu khin phng tin trong h thng GTC (one T-CONT per ONU case)
Khi nim iu khin truy nhp phng tin trong h thng GTC c minh ha
trong hnh 10. OLT gn cc con tr (pointer) vo khi iu khin vt l ng xung
PCBd, con tr ny cho bit thi gian ONU bt u v kt thc vic truyn d liu.
Vi cch ny, ch mt ONU c th truy nhp phng tin ti thi im bt k, v
khng c xung t trong qu trnh truyn. Cc con tr trong cc byte thng tin cho
php OLT iu khin phng tin hiu qu ti bng tn c nh 64 kbit/s. Tuy nhin
mt s OLT c th chn cch thit lp cc gi tr cho con tr ti cc tc ln hn v
thc hin iu kheienr bng tn bng c ch ng.
Vic iu khin truy nhp phng tin c thc hin trong mi T-CONT tuy
nhin trong hnh 9 khng minh ha trng hp ONU ch c 1 T-CONT.
6.2.4.2 ng k ONU
Vic ng k ONU c thc hin trong th tc discovery t ng. C hai
phng thc ng k ONU. Trong phng thc A, s serial ca ONU c ng k
ti OLT qua h thng qun l (NMS hoc EMS). Trong phng thc B, s serial ca
ONU khng c ng k ti OLT qua h thng qun l.
6.2.5 Cc chc nng ca cc phn lp trong h thng GTC
6.2.5.1 Phn lp ng khung GTC (GTC framing sub-layer)
Phn lp ng khung GTC thc hin ba chc nng sau y:
1. Ghp knh v phn knh
T-CONT
Alloc-ID
n v bo co
C ch bo co
Th tc trao i
G-PON OMCI
Lu :
ch 0: gi 2 byte DBRu
ch 1: gi 3 byte DBRu
ch 2: gi 5 byte DBRu
Chi tit v cc ch c tham chiu n ti liu ITU-T G.984.3 mc
8.4.2
Bng 6 Cc chc nng chnh ca G-PON DBA
Trong trng hp cp pht bng tn tnh, OLT s cp pht bng tn theo bng tn
cung cp, chi tit phng thc ny tham chiu n ti liu ITU-T G.983.1
6.2.6.3 m bo cht lng dch v QoS
Chc nng cp pht ti nguyn ng DBA cung cp nhiu loi QoS khc nhau. Lp
hi t GPON a ra 5 loi T-CONT vi cc c tnh tng t nh T-CONT trong
tiu chun ITU-T G.983.4 nh sau:
T-CONT loi 1: c bng tn c nh, bng tn c dnh ring v c cp pht
theo chu k vi tc c nh v tr truyn dn c iu khin. Cc tham s m
t v lu lng cho T-CONT loi 1 l bng tn c nh: t trc. T-CONT loi 1
c th p ng vi mi loi QoS. Cc OLT khng h tr DBA c th s dng TCONT loi
1 m bo QoS. Cc OLT c h tr DBA s dng T-CONT loi 1 ny h tr
lu lng thi gian thc. Cc OLT h tr DBA lun cung cp bng tn c nh cho
cc kt ni trn T-CONT loi 1 m khng cn kim tra c thng tin cn truyn hay
khng.
T-CONT loi 2: c bng tn cung cp c m bo. Bng tn c m bo
ngha l bng tn trung bnh c cp pht c nh trong cc khong thi gian xc
nh. Bng tn ny khc vi bng tn c nh trong T-CONT loi 1 c iu
khin cho mt di tr nh. T-CONT loi 1 m bo tr truyn v s thay i tr
v tc truyn cn T-CONT loi 2 ch m bo tc truyn. Ch cc OLT h tr
DBA mi h tr T-CONT loi 2. Cc tham s m t v lu lng cho T-CONT loi
2 l: bng tn m bo: t trc. ng dng cho T-CONT loi 2: c th h tr tt
c cc mc QoS tr mc 1 (dch v phi thi gian thc).
T-CONT loi 3 : c bng tn m bo v bng tn khng m bo. T-CONT loi 3
s c cp pht bng tn tng ng vi bng tn c m bo ch khi n c
cc gi tin cn truyn tc tng ng hoc ln hn bng tn c m
bo. Bng tn khng m bo s c cp pht T-CONT loi 3 vi bng tn m
bo ang yu cu thm bng tn tng ng vi bng tn c m bo ca cc TCONT ring l trong mng PON, chng hn theo phng thc vng trn Round
Robin. Tng bng tn m bo v bng tn khng m bo cp pht cho T-CONT
loi 3 khng vt qu bng tn ti a (gi tr t trc). Thng s m t lu
lng cho T- CONT loi 3 l: bng tn m bo: t trc, bng tn khng m
bo: cp pht ng, bng tn ti a: t trc. ng dng cho T-CONT loi 3: c
th h tr tt c cc mc QoS tr mc 1 (dch v phi thi gian thc).
OLT thc hin cp quyn theo bng tn c cp nht v theo loi TCONT
Qun l i vi hot ng DBA
DBA cung cp cc tnh nng bo m QoS di dng cc loi T-CONT nh nu
phn trn.
6.2.7.2 Cc loi T-CONT v tham s hot ng
Trong GPON DBA c 5 loi T-CONT nh nu chi tit trn. Mi loi T-CONT
c m t bng cc tham s hot ng ring. Tuy nhin n v ca tham s hot
ng c ch ra nh sau:
i vi ATM: s lng t bo.
i vi GEM: s lng khi c chiu di c nh.
i vi GEM, khi c chiu di c nh do OMCI tha thun c chiu di mc nh
l 48 byte.
6.2.7.3 Hot ng DBA
Hot ng DBA bao gm 2 ch : DBA bo co trng thi (SR-DBA) v DBA
khng bo co trng thi (NSR-DBA) trong mi T-CONT. Chc nng bo co DBA
l tu chn i vi ONU. Cc OLT bt buc phi h tr c ch bo co v khng
bo co, do vy tt c cc ONU c cung cp cc mc i vi chc nng DBA.
Cc ch ny c th hin bng tnh hung dch v v kh nng ca ONU c
cho trong bng sau y.
DBA OLT
SR ONU
NSR ONU
NSR-DBA
Hnh 13 Khi nim iu khin truy nhp phng tin hi t truyn dn lp GTC
OLT s dng trng flag trong Bwmap ch ra thng tin PLOAMu, PLSu hay
DBRu s c truyn trong mi ln cp pht bng tn hay khng. Lch truyn cc
thng tin ny trong OLT cn phi tnh n nhu cu v bng tn v tr ca cc knh
ph thuc khi thit lp tn s truyn dn.
Mi khi mt ONU n lt s dng phng tin mng PON t mt ONU khc, n
phi gi mt bn copy mi ca thng tin tiu lp vt l ng ln PLOu. Trong
trng hp mt ONU c nhn 2 nhn dng cp pht (Alloc ID) lin tip (thi gian
kt thc ca 1 nhn dng nh hn 1 so vi thi gian bt u ca nhn dng tip theo),
th ONU s b qua vic gi thng tin PLOu cho nhn dng cp pht th 2. ONU c
th b qua vic gi ny nhiu ln bng vi s nhn dng cp pht m OLT cp cho
n. Yu cu cp pht quyn truy nhp lin tc gip OLT trnh vic b qua cc
khong trng gia cc ln truyn ca cng mt ONU. Cc cp pht truy nhp phi
lin tc hoc theo lch trnh nu chng xut pht t hai ONU khc nhau.
Sau tiu truyn dn l d liu ti tin ca ngi dng c gi cho n khi vic cp
pht c ch nh bi con tr kt thc (StopTime pointer).
Chuyn mch t ng
Chuyn mch bt buc c kch hot trong qu trnh qun tr mng nh nh tuyn
li tuyn quang, thay th si quang...
C hai loi chuyn mch ny u c th thc hin trong mng GPON nu c yu
cu tuy y l cc chc nng ty chn. C ch chuyn mch thng c thc hin
bi chc nng OAM, do trng thng tin OAM cn c t ch trong khung
OAM.
Hnh 17 M hnh h thng bo v kp m t m hnh h thng bo v kp cho mng
truy nhp. Cc phn lin quan n vic bo v trong mng GPON c th l mt phn
bo v gia giao din ODN trong OLT v giao din ODN trong ONU qua mng
ODN, khng bao gm giao din SNI trong OLT
Figure 3 shows the duplex system model for the access network. The relevant part of
the protection in the GPON system should be a part of the protection between the
ODN interface in the OLT and the ODN interface in the ONU via the ODN,
excluding the SNI redundancy in the OLT.
7.2.2 Cc c im
Loi A: Trong trng hp ny, mt tn hiu v mt khung l khng th trnh c
trong qu trnh chuyn mch quang. Tuy nhin, tt c mi kt ni gia nt dch v v
thit b u cui s c gi li sau khi chuyn mch quang.
Loi B: cu hnh ny yu cu ch ch lnh i vi mch d phng pha OLT.
Trong trng hp ny, mt tn hiu hoc mt khung nhn chung l khng th trnh
c trong qu trnh chuyn mch. Tuy nhin, tt c mi kt ni gia nt dch v v
thit b u cui s c gi li sau khi chuyn mch quang.
Loi C: trong trng hp ny, ch ch nng i vi c mch thu d phng c th
thc hin c pha ONU v OLT. Ngoi ra chuyn mch khng va chm (khng c
mt khung) cng c th thc hin trong cu hnh ny.
Loi D: loi ny c c im ging loi B.
7.3 Cc yu cu i vi chuyn mch bo v
Chc nng chuyn mch bo v nn l chc nng ty chn
C chuyn mch t ng v chuyn mch bt buc c th trong h thng
GPON nu cu thit mc d y l cc chc nng ty chn
Mi cu hnh nu trn u c th trin khai mc d y l cc chc nng
ty chn
C ch chuyn mch thng c thc hin bi chc nng OAM, v vy,
trng thng tin OAM phi c d tr trong khung OAM.
Mi kt ni gia nt dch v v thit b u cui phi c gi sau khi
chuyn mch.
Ty theo yu cu cui cng vic trin khai nt dch v POTS yu cu qu trnh mt
khung phi nh hn 120 ms. Nu thi gian mt khung di hn khong thi gian ny,
nt dch v s ct kt ni v yu cu thit lp li cuc gi sau khi chuyn mch bo
v. Do GPON h tr pht trin cc dch v hin ti nh POTS v ISDN, cn phi
xem xt thi gian ngt kt ni ny.
7.4 Cc trng thng tin yu cu trong khung OAM
Do c tnh tng t nh chuyn mch bo v trong h thng SDH, chuyn mch bo
v trong h thng GPON yu cu t hn 10 m s dng trong c ng ln v ng
xung nhn dng trng thng tin trong khung OAM. Do vy cn phi xem xt
vic nh x trng thng tin trong khung OAM cho chuyn mch bo v.
7.5
Bo mt
Do c tnh pht multicast (pht ti nhiu a ch) ca mng PON, GPON cng cn
cc c ch bo mt m bo yu cu sau:
Ngn chn ngi dng khc gi m d liu ng xung
Ngn chn ngi dng khc gi mo ONU/ONT hay ngi dng khc
Cho php trin khai vi chi ph hiu qu
n v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
Mbit/s
1244.16
1244.16
Bc sng hot ng
nm
1480-1500
1260-1360
M ha ng dy
S mt n mt pht
Ph lc G
Ph lc G
dB
Ln hn 32
Ln hn 32
dBm
+1
+5
+1
+5
dBm
+9
+6
T l chnh lch
dB
Ln hn 10
Ln hn 10
dB
Ln hn 15
Ln hn 15
nm
dB
30
30
Nh hn 20
dB
Cc loi ODN
Nh hn 10
10
C
26
nhy nh nht
dBm
25
2
5
Qu ti nh nht
dBm
4
(Lu 4)
Ln hn 72
Nh hn 20
10
Nh hn 10
A
B
25
25
25
bit
Ph lc I
Ph lc I
dB
Nh hn 10
Nh hn 10
Ln hn 72
Lu 1 Gi tr H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old phi ln
hn 20 dB trong cc trng hp c nu trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix I/G.983.1.
Lu 2 Cc gi tr h s phn x b pht ONU cho trng hp H s phn x quang nh nht ca
ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old l 20 dB c m t trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix
II/G.983.1.
Lu 3 Gi tr rng ln nht -20 dB v t l nn nh nht c tham chiu ti tiu chun ITU-T Rec.
G.957.
Lu 4 Mc qu ti 6 dBm c yu cu trong ODN loi C, gi tr qu ti -4dBm c la chn
y dng chung cho b thu ONU trong tt c cc loi ODN.
n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
Mbit/s
2488.32
2488.32
Bc sng hot ng
nm
1480-1500
1260-1360
M ha ng dy
S mt n mt pht
Ph lc G
Ph lc G
dB
Ln hn 32
Ln hn 32
dBm
+5
+3
(Lu 4)
+5
+3
(Lu 4)
dBm
+9
+7
(Lu 4)
+9
+7
(Lu 4)
T l chnh lch
dB
Ln hn 10
Ln hn 10
dB
Ln hn 15
Ln hn 15
nm
dB
30
30
Nh hn 20
dB
Cc loi ODN
Nh hn 10
Nh hn 20
10
Nh hn 10
10
nhy nh nht
dBm
21
21
28
(Lu 4)
21
21
28
(Lu 4)
Qu ti nh nht
dBm
8
(Lu 4)
8
(Lu 4)
bit
Ln hn 72
Ln hn 72
Ph lc I
Ph lc I
dB
Nh hn 10
Nh hn 10
Thng s
n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
Lu 1 Gi tr H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old phi ln
hn 20 dB trong cc trng hp c nu trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix I/G.983.1.
Lu 2 Cc gi tr h s phn x b pht ONU cho trng hp H s phn x quang nh nht ca
ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old l 20 dB c m t trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix
II/G.983.1.
Lu 3 Gi tr rng ln nht -20 dB v t l nn nh nht c tham chiu ti tiu chun ITU-T
Rec. G.957.
Lu 4 Cc gi tr trong bng c gi thit s dng laser DFB cng sut cao cho b pht OLT v b
thu da trn APD cho ONU. Khi s dng laser DFB v cng ngh khuch i quang bn dn SOA hoc
i t laser cng sut cao hn cho b pht OLT, cho php b thu da trn PIN cho ONU, cc gi tr ny
c th l:
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht cho b pht OLT: +12 dBm
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht cho b pht OLT: +8 dBm
nhy thu nh nht cho ONU: 23 dBm
Qu ti nh nht cho b thu ONU: 3 dBm
n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
Mbit/s
155.52
155.52
Bc sng hot ng
nm
1260-1360
1260-1360
M ha ng dy
S mt n mt pht
Ph lc H
Ph lc H
dB
Nh hn 6
Nh hn 6
dB
Ln hn 32
Ln hn 32
Cc loi ODN
dBm
dBm
+2
+1
dBm
Nh hn nhy nh
nht 10
Nh hn nhy
nh nht 10
bits
bits
T l chnh lch
dB
Ln hn 10
Ln hn 10
dB
Ln hn 15
Ln hn 15
nm
5.8
5.8
Thng s
Vi laser SLM rng ln nht 20 dB
(Lu 3)
Vi laser SLM T l nn nh nht
n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
nm
dB
30
30
Ph lc I
Ph lc I
UI p-p
0.2
0.2
Truyn jitter
To Jitter trong di tn 0.5 kHz to 1.3 MHz
Nh hn 20
dB
T l li bit BER
Cc loi ODN
Nh hn 10
A
B
Nh hn 20
10
10
Nh hn 10
A
B
C
nhy nh nht
dBm
27
30
33
27
30
33
Qu ti nh nht
dBm
11
12
bit
Ln hn 72
Ln hn 72
dB
Nh hn10
Nh hn 10
Lu 1 Gi tr H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old phi ln
hn 20 dB trong cc trng hp c nu trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix I/G.983.1.
Lu 2 Cc gi tr h s phn x b pht ONU cho trng hp H s phn x quang nh nht ca
ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old l 20 dB c m t trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix
II/G.983.1.
Lu 3 Gi tr rng ln nht -20 dB v t l nn nh nht c tham chiu ti tiu chun ITU-T Rec.
G.957.
n v
H thng dng
H thng dng
1 si quang
2 si quang
Mbit/s
622.08
622.08
nm
M ha ng dy
S mt n mt pht
Ph lc H
Ph lc H
dB
Nh hn 6
Nh hn 6
dB
Ln hn 32
Ln hn 32
Thng s
n v
Cc loi ODN
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
dBm
dBm
+4
+4
+4
+4
dBm
Nh hn nhy nh
nht 10
Nh hn nhy nh
nht 10
bits
bits
T l chnh lch
dB
Ln hn 10
Ln hn 10
dB
Ln hn 15
Ln hn 15
nm
(lu 4)
Vi laser SLM rng ln nht 20 dB
Vi laser SLM T l nn nh nht
Truyn Jitter
To Jitter trong di tn 0.5 kHz to 1.3 MHz
MLM loi 1:
MLM loi 2:
MLM loi 3:
1.4
2.1
2.7
MLM loi 1:
MLM loi 2:
MLM loi 3:
nm
dB
30
30
Ph lc I
Ph lc I
UI p-p
0.2
0.2
1.4
2.1
2.7
Nh hn 20
dB
Cc loi ODN
Nh hn 10
A
B
Nh hn 20
10
Nh hn 10
A
B
10
nhy nh nht
dBm
27
27
32
27
27
32
Qu ti nh nht
dBm
11
11
bit
Ln hn 72
Ln hn 72
dB
Nh hn 10
Nh hn 10
Lu 1 Gi tr H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old phi
ln hn 20 dB trong cc trng hp c nu trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix I/G.983.1.
Lu 2 Cc gi tr h s phn x b pht ONU cho trng hp H s phn x quang nh nht
ca ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old l 20 dB c m t trong ph lc tiu chun
Appendix II/G.983.1.
Lu 3 Gi tr rng ln nht -20 dB v t l nn nh nht c tham chiu ti tiu chun ITU-T
Rec. G.957.
Lu 4 Cc loi b pht p ng yu cu rng ph hp hn c cho php di bc sng trung
tm rng hn. Cc loi laser trn c h s mt mt ng truyn nh quang hn 1 dB qua mng ODN.
C th s dng cc loi laser c thng s quang khc nhng phi tha mn cc iu kin sau y:
1) Ton b di bc sng khng vt qu 1260~1360 nm
2) Cc mt mt trong ng truyn quang tng qu 1 dB s c n b bng cch tng cng sut pht
nh nht hoc tng nhy thu nh nht.
n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
Mbit/s
1244.16
1244.16
Bc sng hot ng
nm
1260-1360
1260-1360
M ha ng dy
S mt n mt pht
Ph lc H
Ph lc H
dB
Nh hn 6
Nh hn 6
dB
Ln hn 32
Ln hn 32
Cc loi ODN
+2
3
(Lu 4)
+2
dBm
3
(Lu 4)
dBm
dBm
+3
2
7
(Lu 4)
Nh hn nhy nh nht
10
+3
2
7
(Lu 4)
Nh hn nhy nh nht
10
bits
16
16
bits
16
16
T l chnh lch
dB
Ln hn 10
Ln hn 10
dB
Ln hn 15
Ln hn 15
nm
(Lu 4)
(Lu 4)
nm
dB
30
30
Ph lc I
Ph lc I
UI p-p
0.33
0.33
Truyn Jitter
To Jitter trong di tn 4.0 kHz ti
10.0 MHz
Cc loi ODN
nhy nh nht
Nh hn 20
dB
dBm
Nh hn 10
Nh hn 20
10
Nh hn 10
10
24
(Lu 5)
28
29
24
(Lu 5)
28
29
Thng s
Qu ti nh nht
n
v
dBm
H thng dng
1 si quang
3
(Lu 5)
H thng dng
2 si quang
8
3
(Lu 5)
Bit
Ln hn 72
Ln hn 72
dB
Nh hn 10
Nh hn 10
Lu 1 Gi tr H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old phi ln hn
20 dB trong cc trng hp c nu trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix I/G.983.1.
Lu 2 Cc gi tr h s phn x b pht ONU cho trng hp H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN
ti giao din Oru v Ord v Olu v Old l 20 dB c m t trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix II/G.983.1.
Lu 3 Gi tr rng ln nht -20 dB v t l nn nh nht c tham chiu ti tiu chun ITU-T
Rec. G.957.
Lu 4 Cc loi laser MLM khng h tr khong cch si quang trong Bng 5 Cc thng s lp ph
thuc vt l cho mng quang ODN c th c s dng nu khong cch si cp quang trong mng ODN gia
im tham chiu R/S v S/R gii hn trong 10 km. Cc loi laser trong ph lc D c th c trin khai h
tr khong cch si quang ny vi tc 1244.16 Mbit/s. Cc loi laser ny c p dng cho cc iu kin
nh trong lu 4 ca Ph lc D Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 622 Mbit/s.
Lu 5 Cc gi tr trong bng c gi thit s dng b thu da trn PIN cho OLT i vi loi A. Ty
thuc vo s lng ONU kt ni ti OLT, c th s dng b thu da trn APD cho OLT cho php s dng
laser kinh t hn cng vi cc ONU c cng sut pht nh hn. Trong trng hp ny, cc gi tr cho ODN loi
A l:
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht cho b pht ONU: - 7 dBm
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht cho b pht ONU: -2 dBm
nhy thu nh nht cho OLT: 28 dBm
Qu ti nh nht cho b thu OLT: 7 dBm
n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
dBm
2
(Lu 2)
+2
2
(Lu 2)
+2
dBm
+3
(Lu 2)
+3
+7
+3
(Lu 2)
+3
+7
nhy nh nht
dBm
23
(Lu 2)
28
29
23
(Lu 2)
28
29
Qu ti nh nht
dBm
8
(Lu 2)
13
14
8
(Lu 2)
13
14
B pht
quang
1244.16 Mbit/s
2488.32 Mbit/s
x1/x4
0.22/078
--
x2/x3
0.40/0.60
--
x3-x2
--
0.2
y1/y2
0.20/0.80
0.25/0.75
B suy
hao*
B chuyn i
quang in **
B to
dng sng
15 Ph lc H Mt n s mt cho tn hiu ng ln
155.52 Mbit/s
622.08 Mbit/s
1244.16 Mbit/s
x1/x4
0.10/0.90
0.20/0.80
0.22/078
x2/x3
0.35/0.65
0.40/0.60
0.40/0.60
y1/y4
0.13/0.87
0.15/0.85
0.17/0.83
y2/y3
0.20/0.80
0.20/0.80
0.20/0.80
B pht
quang
B suy hao
B chuyn i
quang in
B to
dng sng
16 Ph lc I Jitter i vi ONU
P
Slope = 20 dB/dec
Frequency
fc
Downstream bit rate (Mbit/s)
fc [kHz]
P [dB]
1244.16
1000
0.1
2488.32
2000
0.1
G.984.2_F04
A2
slope = 20 dB/dec
A1
f0
ft
Frequency
ft [kHz]
1244.16
500
50
0.075
0.75
2488.32
1000
100
0.075
0.75
G.984.2_F05