NGHIN CU GIAO TIP VI CNG T O M

IN NNG QUA INTERNET

RESEARCH COMMUNICATE WITH METER THROUGH THE INTERNET
1

Trn Tng Giang1 , L Trng Ngha1

Trng i hc S phm K thut TP. HCM

TM TT:
Nhu cu qun l, gim st cng nh kim sot vic o m in nng, cng nh cc thng s:
in p, dng in, tn s, cc ch tiu cht lng in nng t xa l rt cn thit cho cc nh
qun l, cc cng ty in lc v c nhn. Mc d t n mt mc thnh cng nht
nh, tuy nhin cc h thng qun l v gim st in nng hin nay chi ph rt cao v hn
ch v vic truy cp t xa. Ngoi ra, xu hng hin nay l s dng cc thit b thng minh:
in thoi smart phone, my tnh bng truy cp v gim st t xa. Trong xu th mi ny,
h thng h tr vic qun l, gim st vic o m in nng v cc thng s h thng in t
xa bng Internet l cn thit tm ra hng tin nghi v kinh t phc v cc nh qun l,
cc cng ty in lc.
Nghin cu vic giao tip vi cng t o m in nng qua Internet s dng module SIM kt
hp vi chng trnh truyn v thu thp d liu nhm qun l, gim st vic o m in
nng v cc thng s: in p, dng in, tn s, cc ch tiu cht lng in nng cng nh
iu khin ng ct h thng in t xa.
T kha: Cng t, Module SIM, thu thp d liu t xa.
ABSTRACT:
Management, monitoring and control of power measurement, as well as the parameters:
voltage, current, frequency, quality indicators remote power are essential for managers, the
power companies and individuals. Although it has reached a certain level of success, but the
management system and power monitoring have a high cost and limited access remotely. In
addition, the current trend is to use smart devices: smart phone, tablet ... to access and
remote monitoring. In this new trend, the support systems the management and supervision of
power measurement and power system parameters remotely using the Internet are necessary
in order to direction of amenities and economic service managers , the power companies.
Study the interface with the power meter over the Internet using SIM module associated with
the program data transfer and data collection in order to manage, monitor and power
measurement parameters: voltage , current, frequency, quality indicators, as well as control
power switching power systems remotely.
Key words: Electric meter, SIM module, remote data collection.
I. GII THIU
Hin nay trong ngnh in, cng tc kim tra vic s dng v tiu th in nng ca khch
hng vn s dng phng php th cng. Phng php ny bc l kh nhiu nhc im nh:
mt nhiu thi gian, khng kim sot c mc tiu th in nng ca cc ti v h tiu th,
kh pht hin c cc hnh vi gian ln in nng...
H thng o m v qun l li in thng minh Smart Grid s dng cc ng h o m
a nng v thng minh bt u c trin khai v c ng dng rng ri ti M v Canada
nhng nm gn y, tuy nhin, chi ph u t hin nay cn rt cao.
H thng o m cng t t xa truyn qua ng dy in CollectricTM, y l h thng o
lng in nng tiu th tin tin v thng sut theo thi gian thc. Vi h thng ny, ngnh
in lc khng cn c nhn vin i ghi ch s cng t ti cc h gia nh.
Ngoi ra h thng ny cn cung cp mt s chc nng b sung h tr cho cng tc gim st
v qun l khch hng cng th cung cp thng tin cho khch hng.

H thng CollectricTM c th tn dng c c s h tng sn c vi nhng cng t theo

n v KWH. V vy ngnh in khng cn phi thay th cc cng t hin c m ch phi lp
t thm mt s thit b l c c h thng mi, iu ny gip ngnh in gim c rt
thiu chi ph u t. H thng ny l mt bc t ph v cng ngh truyn thng trn ng
dy in (PLC), s dng h thng dy in sn c truyn d liu theo thi gian thc gia
cc khch hng vi mt thit b thu thp v x l d liu trung tm. y l mt h thng
Module linh hot, n ch i hi mt s u t ban u rt khim tn, qu trnh lp t d
dng v nhanh chng. Tuy nhin, gii php ny c nhc im l d b nhiu trn ng
truyn v do cn phi c gii php chng nhiu.
ti o m in nng t xa qua mang RS485[1] s dng b vi iu khin kt hp vi
vic truyn d liu qua mng RS485, gip o ghi d liu t xa, tuy nhin v l khong cch
truyn d liu b hn ch.
khc phc cc nhc im trn, ti: Nghin cu giao tip vi cng t o m in
nng qua Internet nghin cu vic giao tip vi cc cng t in t qua Internet, gp phn h
tr cho cng tc gim st v qun l in nng t xa,ng thi phc v cho cc mn hc:
o lng in, Thc tp cung cp in thc hnh vn hnh vic o m in nng t xa
qua Internet.
II. PHNG PHP TIP CN
II.1 Tm hiu v ng h EPM5500P [1].
ng h o in EPM 5500P c thit k vi vi x l v x l tn hiu k thut s cng
ngh mi nht. Cc thng s o in: tn s, dng in, in p, cng sut, cng sut phn
khng, cng sut biu kin, h s cng sut, tn s, nhu cu in.
EPM 5500P c th thay th cng t in truyn thng. N cng c th c theo di t xa
(RTU). Tt c cc d liu o c truyn qua cng giao tip chy giao thc Modbus RS485.

Hnh 1: ng h EPM 5500P

Chc nng chnh ca ng h EPM 5500P:
o lng: f, U, I, P
Cht lng in: s ng u ca in p pha v in p dy, h s mt cn bng in
p, h s mt cn bng dng in
Thng k: nng lng in v nhu cu in, gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht vi thi
gian xc nh.
Nng lng in v nhu cu in: nhu cu cng sut tc dng v nhu cu cng sut phn
khng.
Truyn thng: cng truyn thng RS485, phng thc truyn thng Modbus RTU.
iu khin t xa: 4 ng vo tn hiu s, 2 ng ra tn hiu s, 2 ng ra tn hiu relay.

II.2. Mng GSM, module SIM 900, tp lnh AT

II.2.1. Gii thiu cng ngh
GSM: H thng thng tin di ng ton cu (ting Anh: Global System for Mobile
Communications; ting Php: Groupe Spcial Mobile; vit tt: GSM) l mt cng ngh dng
cho mng thng tin di ng. Cc mng thng tin di ng GSM cho php c th roaming vi
nhau do nhng my in thoi di ng GSM ca cc mng GSM khc nhau c th s
dng c nhiu ni trn th gii, li th chnh ca GSM l cht lng cuc gi tt hn, gi
thnh thp v dch v tin nhn [2].
SMS: Dch v tin nhn ngn (SMS - Short Message Services) l mt giao thc vin
thng cho php gi cc thng ip dng text ngn (khng qu 160 ch ci). Giao thc ny c
trn hu ht cc in thoi di ng v mt s PDA vi kh nng truyn thng khng dy [3].
II.2.2. Gii thiu v Module Sim 900
GSM Module Sim 900 l mt sn phm do AT-COM pht trin. Board h tr kh y
cc ng: RS232, Audio, ADC, VRTC, PWM, I2C...
Module Sim 900 cung cp chun giao tip ni tip.By ng lin kt trn mt Port
giao tip.
ng dng: GSM Module Sim 900 cho php iu khin cc thit b in trong nh nh
n qut, my tnh, cc thit b s dng in 220V, thit b cng sut thp
II.2.3. Tp lnh AT
Cu trc ca tp lnh AT bao gm:
MT (Mobile Terminal): Thit b u mng (Module Sim 900).
TE (Terminal Equipment): Thit b u cui (my tinh, vi iu khin).
Mt s lnh AT c bn:
Gi tin nhn: AT+CMGS = s in thoi.
Chui tr v : <CR><LF>>
Gi ni dung tin nhn<0x1A>
c tin nhn: AT+CMGR=1
Chui tr v: <CR><LF>+CMGR: "REC
UNREAD",s in thoi",,"07/05/15,09:32:05+28"
<CR><LF>NI DUNG<CR><LF>
<CR><LF>OK<CR><LF>

Hnh 2: Cu trc ca tp lnh AT

III. Thit k b b giao tip vi Internet

III.1. Thit k mch

Cng t
Hnh 3: S khi ca h thng
Nguyn l hot ng ca h thng: khi ngi iu khin dng my tnh (PC) kch hot
module Sim 900 (2) gi tin nhn cho Module Sim 900 (1) v Module Sim 900 (1) nhn tin
nhn s yu cu ng h gi d liu v cho Khi iu Khin. Khi iu Khin c nhim v
ly d liu v gi n cho Modum Sim 900 (1). Modum Sim 900 (1) gi tin nhn vi ni
dung l d liu ly c t ng h cho Modum Sim 900 (2) v t Modum Sim 900 (2) s
truyn xung my tnh x l v hin th thng tin.
III.1.2 S nguyn l ca khi khi ngun

Hnh 4: S nguyn l khi ngun

Dng IC LM78xx m bo in p ra cung cp cho mch lun n nh. LM7805:

n nh in p lm vic cho Atmega162 v cc khi khc. Dng cc t ha c gi tr
khc nhau lc in p ra,thng chn cc t ln: 1000uF, 470uF v cc in tr c
gi 4k7 hn dng cho led hin th trng thi ngun. Module Sim 900 c mc in
p hot ng t 3.5V-4.5V.
III.1.3 S nguyn l ca khi iu khin

Hnh 5: S nguyn l khi iu khin

Khi ny c chc nng nhn d liu t ng h gi n Modum Sim 900 truyn v cho
PC x l v hin th.
III.1.4 S nguyn l ca khi Module Sim 900

Hnh 6: S nguyn l khi Module Sim 900

Khi ny c chc nng gi nhn tin nhn ri x l truyn d liu v cho Khi iu Khin
(khi ni dy cho 2 Khi iu Khin vi Khi Module Sim 900 th u cho dy tc l
TX(Pic) ni RX(Module) v RX(Pic) ni TX(Module). Do khi ny ch hot ng mc in
p 3.5V4.5V nn ta phi khi truyn d liu t Pic qua ta phi h p thng qua cc in tr
(3K3,4K7) nh hnh trn t 5V xung khong t 2.2V -> 4V.
Khi ny c th giao tip vi my tnh thng qua ng dng HyperTerminal ca Windows XP
qua IC giao tip MAX232.
III.2. Lu gii thut ca chng trnh

Hnh 7: Lu gii thut ca chng trnh

III.3. Thit k giao din thu thp d liu

Hnh 8: Giao din thu thp d liu

IV. KT LUN
ti hon thnh nhng ni dung nh sau:
Nghin cu Vi iu Khin ATmega162
Tm hiu Module Sim 900.
Tm hiu v cc cch kt ni my tnh vi thit b khc
Thit kp phn cng kt ni.
Lp trnh iu khin Vi iu Khin ATmega162 bng ngn ng C.
Lp trnh giao din hin th bng C#.
C th kt ni thu thp d liu v iu khin ng h t xa.
Mch hot ng n nh trong thi gian di.
D liu c cp nhp thng xuyn mt cch linh ng.
Giao din hin th c tnh bo mt nn ch c ngi s dng mi c th iu khin c.
Tuy nhin, vic s dng thc t mng GSM s gp phi nhng kh khn nh vic b tr tin
nhn do nghn mng, kt mng hay nhng ni c sng GSM yu, vic cp nhp thng
xuyn nn c th gy hao ph tin SMS. ti l nn cho vi cng dng ca cng ngh thu
thp d liu v iu khin t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS, c th ng dng cho nhiu mc ch
khc nh cnh bo, gim st v c th s dng ng dng GPRS ca Module thay th cho ng
dng GSM n nh vic nhn d liu hn.
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] Catalog ng h EPM 5500P
[2] http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki
[3] http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMS
[4] L Trung Thng, Gio trnh Vi iu Khin AVR Atmega, HKHTN, 2007.
[5] Nguyn Trung Chnh, Tp Lnh AT Command, Ti liu bo co, 2009.
[6]. Ti liu ting Anh v Module Sim 900.
[5]. Mt s trang web tham kho:
- http://www.dientumaytinh.com
- http://www.4tech.com.vn
- http://www.dientuvietnam.com
- http://spkt.net/
- http://machdientu.net/