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BOTIPOCHI HICTOPHIT <= 204 BocctaHne 6yKom0B B Erunre Bo II B. H. 9. B.A. Bombutakos Eruner, o6pamennpri 6 30 r. 20 1. 9. B NPOBHHLKIO PAMa, Hagoaro cran 4acTbIO OrpoM~ Hoi uMnepu. Tem He Meiiee, erumeTcKaa KyABTYpa He YrpaTiia CBOcH CAMOBLITHOCTH, YeMy B HeMauloit CTerleHit cllocoGcrBoBaia ONUTHKA PUMCKHX MMMepaTopoR, YANTHIBAB~ WHX cTpaTerM4eckoe 3HaYeHHe STO CTpaHbl H NpHAABLINX cit cTaTyc OGocobrCHHO Mposnnunn. B orioxy pumcxoro rocrionersa # Erunte (30 r. 20 1. 9. — 395 r. H.9.) HeomHoKpaT- HO BCNBIXHBATH MATEXH H BOCCTAHHA NPOTHB 3aBOeBaTeNeli, GecoladHo 9KCHAyaTHpO- BaBUIMX ero KOPeHHBIX KHTeNeH. OAHMM H3 HaHGonee KpyNHBIX BBICTyTACHHIt MecTHOTO HaCeReHHs! NPOTHB PAMILIH OLUIO BOCCTaHHe GyKos10B 8 172—174 ronax. PuMCKHe HCTOU- HMKM, KOTOPSIE MOF Gb1 NPOMMTS CBET Ha CTO MPAYHLIbI H XO, HACTOMBKO CKYAHBI, TO TO HAM He MpeicTaBAseTcA BOIMOXHBIM Y3HATb HHTepecyloulHe Hac MoapooHocTH |. Ckyn0cts MMCbMeHHbIX CBeACHHI MOXCT OOBACHATECA [epBOHAYANEHBIM YCIeXOM M pa3- MaXOM STOFO BOCCTAHIIA. PHMISHE OCH! PeMKO H HEOXOTHO ONHCbIBAT NoxpoBHOCTH CHOMX BOeHHBIX Heya4, TeM Goulee B TeX CHYMasX, KOTMa MIPOTHBHHK He CMHTancH MMH moctolitibIM. Tem He Melle, 1axXe 110 MMCIOLUMMCH CKYAHbIM YTOMHHAHHSAM MOXKHO MOST, Ha- CKONBKO OMacHBIM ObUIO BOCCTAHHe GyKoNOB Jui BAacTH Puma Ha Eruntom. IKonoMn- MeCKMe MpHYHHBI 3TOFO BLICTYMUICHKA ABISAHCE OcHOBHEIMH ?, Kak npaBiio, BbICTyNe- HMA eTHITTAH MIPOTHB BAACTH PUMA ODUTH CBASAHBI rAAaBHBIM O6pasoM c UcKAIbHO! ACATEMBHOCTHIO PAMCKOH AMMMHHCTPALMH B NPOBMHUMH. OsHAKO, YNHTbIBAX sHaNeHHe COUMANBHO-SKOHOMMMECKHX NIPHYMH BOCCTAHHi: KopeHHOTO HaceneHHs, cnemyeT TAKKE AIPHHUMaTS BO BHUMAHHe KceHOOGcKKe HACTpoeHHta, 4TO MomTREpxAAeTCA PAIOM KOC~ BeHHBIX HCTOWHMKOB. Bykouamut (B JOCAOBHOM mepepogte c rpevecKOTO «MaCTyXaMH», «BosIONAcaMH> — hoi boukoloi), rpekH H PHMAAHE HasKBAIN OOWTaTeNeH «BykouuM> — HeKoelt GomoTHcTO! MECTHOCTH, Haxoasuleiica, 1M60 B JanaqHo YacTH enbTe1 Hina, nHO0 HeomateKy oT Hee, To coobuienitio Tepouora, teverme Hina y ropona Kepkacopa pasuensercs Ha pyka- Ba, MpHeM ByKOMMHCKOe YCTHE ABINETCH HCKYCCTBEHHO BEIDBITHIM *, TlonpOGHOe OMMca- He 9TOro MecTa OCTaBKETH aHTHMHBIe NHcaTenH-pomatucts! I]—II] Bp. W. 9. Axia TaTHit wi Tennogop. Tak, stoKanwsauna Bykonun y Axwina Tatas, apropa pomaua Jleskunna 1 Kanrodorr», copnanaet c ykazarivem Tepogota: «Jlepentist, koTopyio 3anumamt paaGoii- HMKH (a GYKONEI UIs PHMIAH, PasyMeeTCA ABASIC MATEXHHKAMM M pasOoitHHKaMH. — B.B.), Geuia pacnonoxexa cnenyiouim oGpasom. Hi Tever cBepxy or ernnercKHx DuB 1, He pasBeTBnasch, AocTHTaeT Memdiica. Hemtoro Huxe fo TeYeHIO, re KOHYAeTeH es Hblit MOTOK pekHt, ecTb Aepestia, KOTOpaA HasbiBacten Kepkacop. Tam peHtioi NOTOK Tperpaxsaer cyilla, K M3 OAHOM peKH O6pasyloTes TpH... Hi sanMBaeT BOW cTpaHy M nipespauiaet ee B Gonoro. axe nocne Toro Kak Hua BxoquT O6patHo B Gepera, GonoTa Borswakos Bradunup Avamoaveeux — acnpaiit Poccalicxoro yamwepewtera apyxOu! HaponoB. 153 ocralotes... Boslora ycesibl pas6pocaHHbIMM NO HMM OT/eABHBIMH OcTpoBKaMH. nee 13 STHX OCTPOBKOB COBepUJeHHO JMUEHEI KAKHX-AMGO CTpoeHMit H 3apocAM martupycom. Tla- TMpyc PacTeT paaMM, MPHYEM HACTONDKO TYCTO, ITO MEXKILY CTEOAAMH MOXKET RCTATb TOMb- KO OMMH YeAOBCK. 34eCb-TO M pachonoxeHbi MPHCTAHMLla pa3s60itHHKOB» *, Teanonop 8 cBoem pomaie «Suonnka» cute Kpacounee pucyer Bykonnio: «BonoBb- uM 1acTOMWeM Ha3bIBAeTeR Y ETHITTSH BCA OTA MeCTHOCTS. STO BrANHHA JeMuTM, MpHHH Maoulas| BbIXORAUUMe 13 Geperos Bomb! Huma H CTaHonalliascs O3epoM, — B cepemMHe rayOuna Gesqonsias, a 1 KpaaM nepexoauT B OonoTa. Bemb 470 sd Mopelt rloGepexbe, Tem Gonora Obivaior wna O3ep, Cpe HHX pactlonoxell BeCb CTaH erHNIeTCKUX pas6oliHH. kos. Ogu yerpamsaior ce6e wana Ha KNOuKaX 3eMIM, FAC OHA BOSBBIMACTCA Hal BO- AOi, APYrHe MPOBOAAT KH3HB Ha CyAX, KOTOPHIC HM CAYKaT H KOpaGiem Hm xWIbeM. Ha CyaXx WM XKCHLLMHbI WWepcTb MpAdyT, Ha cylax M poxaior. Ecnm pogutca peGeHox, crepBa MNTaIOT Cro MaTePHHCKHM MOJIOKOM, a 3aTCM O3CPHBIMH PbIGAMH, BBICYINEHHBIMH Ha com- Hue. B 3TOM TleMelH BoNOMAcoB YeAOBCK POAHTCA Ha O3epe M BCKOPMIEH HM, H CHHTACT CBOHM OTeYeCTBOM O3epO, KOTOPOe MOXCT K TOMY XK CAYKHTb MOLLHbIM OTLIOTOM JUL pasGoitiKos. [ostomy Hi crekacTes Tyla TaKOit THO, BCe OHM NOMB3YIOTeH BORO! BMECTO KpenlocTHOHt CreHbI H 3a TYCTBIM GOAOTHBIM TPOCTHHKOM YKpbIBalOTCH, Kak 3a BaTOM. Pa3- OOMMMKH NPOOXHAH HSBHAMCTHIE TPOMMAKH, 3anyTaHHble MHOFMMH TOBOPOTAMH, O4CHE JCTKHE H YAOGHBIC AIH HMX CaMHX, TAK Kak OHM HX 3HaloT, [ya BCex Ke OCTAMbHBIX OMe pasSoHHHKH CHeTAAM HX HENPOXOAMMBIMH, YCTPOHR cebe HakexHedulee YkpbITHe, YTO6L He CTpaatb oT HaGeros. BOT KaKOBO STO O3CPO H KMBYUIHe B HEM BosONAcHI> 5, Virax, Bykonus naxoausace 8 oGnactn pykorsopHoro Bykosuiickoro pykara Huna, MpeanoAoxHTeABHO B sanaqHoit YacTH exBTEI Husta. Ho cneayer nM U3 9T0r0, 4TO Byko- JW — 9TO KOIKpeTHOe MeCTO B AeALTe, B KOTOPOM CKpbIBATHC Germble KpecTEAHe H pasGortHkH? To mHcHHto P. Oncrora, «6yKoNbI GbUIM, BePOATHO, NOTOMCTREHHBIME pa3- SoitHHKaMH, CBA3E KOTOPbIX C COCCAHMMH ACPeBHAMH, 110 MeHbUIeit Mepe, BHYlana Gec- TOKOHicTBO» *. Hestb3s, BHIMMO, HCKIIOYATb H TO, YTO TPeKK H PHMAAKe HMeHOBaNM Mec- THBIX KHTeNEM «ByKOsaMH» (NlaCTyXaMH) He TONBKO 13-3a HX eATELHOCTH, HOH TOTOMy, YTO Te BOSMOKHO NOKIOHANCb OLHOMY H3 3OOMOPDHEIX erHneTCKHX GOXECTR, MOMHTAB- wuxca B qe1bTe. V3 cBaMeHHbIX Ke KMBOTHBIX, HaMOOMbUUAN POs OTBOAMACh CBAZAH- HBIM CO CKOTOBOACTBOM H 3eMsIcCAHeM: Koposam, ObikaM, GapanaM, Ko31aM 7. Bnonne BO3MOXKHO, TO TAKHM GoroM, TONHTaeMbIM GyKoNAMH, Mor ObITb XepHuled, MMs KOTOpO- TO HOCHOBHO TepeROmHTCA Kak «HaxoasUlHiicA Hall CBOMM O3€poOM». Bro BOMHCTBEHHIOe GoxectBo 1306paxatocb & BHAe HesOBeKa ¢ ronOBOit Gapatia. KynuT Xepwuteda npousetar 8 Tepaxneorione Henonaneky or aiomcKoro oa3ica. To, 470 GyKosIbI OBLIM MHOFONHCHeHHI HYMN BOeBATE, CreayeT 43 KPaTKOrO pac- cxa3a JJuoua Kaccus, caMoro sHaunTenbioro McTOUHHKa O BoccTalMM 6yKoNOB: «H\ Te, HasbiBaembie OyKoNaMu, noaHAIN B Erunte BoccTanve H OObeaMHMAMCb C OCTaTbHBIMH erHfTAHaMH MOL NpeABOAMTeAbCTBOM xpella No HMeHH Mcugop. CHayana, nepconeBuInch 2XCHIMMHAMM, OHM OOMAHY.M PHMCKOTO UeHTYPHOHA, MOCKOMBKY OHM Ka3AIHCb KeHLULM- HAMM GYKOAOB, MPHOAMKAIOWUMHCA, YTOOBI BPYUHTS EMY ACHBTH OT HMEHM MYKUHH, Ht COMM ero c Hor, OHH npiiiecaM B KEpTBY ero CHYTHHKa, NOKAABILMCE Ham ero BHYTpeHt- HOCTAMH, a MOTOM cpean ux. 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CounanbHo-3koHOMHYeckHe mpoGsemb! 60-x rogos II B. crloco6cTBopamM pocty pas6oen. YaeNMYMBATOCh HCO PaIOPHBLIMXCA, OPOCHBIUHX 3CMITIO KPECTBAIH, KOTOPEIC B TOWCKaX CpeuCTB K CYWICCTBOBAHHIO NOMOAHANH pase! pas6oitnHKOB. PuMCKHe BIacTH yT- PATH KOHTPOAb Hal nonOxerMent. Kak CRHACTELCTBYIOT MHIOFOMMCHEHHEIC MaNKpycbl © 2kaN0GAMH MOCTPAlLaBUIMX, B3bICKAHMe HATOTOB H HEOMMOK 4acTO NPOBOAWIOCe ¢ MpUMe- HCHMeM ¢H3H4ecKoro Haciis. AMMMaH MapuesviMH, KoTOpEIit, CKopce BCero, BbIpaxacT BSAA PAMAAH Ha « erHntaH NpH ymuaTe Haloros, NMUIeT, UT: OKuTean Erunta... nerKo MpHXOgAT B BOsbyxXHeHHe NO OGOMY NOBoOAY, COPULMKH MH >KECTOKHE YNpAMubI. Y HX CTHIAMTCA TOT, KTO He MOXET MOKa3aTb MHOXCCTRO IpaMoB Ha Tene 3a 154 orka3 MMATHTD MOMATH, H HO CHX Mop He MOrM elle HI0GpecTH OpyAKA MbITKH, KoTOpOe Moro GEI y KaKOTO-HHOYilb 3aKOPeHCNOFO pasGoiinMKa B OTOH CTPaHe BbIPBATS NPOTHB BOM HacToAulec cro MMs» |! 2KecTokad SKcIuIyaTallMa CrHMTAH, HAXOAMBUIMXCA B NIPHHVOKCHHOM MpaBOBOM T0- JOKCHHH M10 CPAaBHCHMIO ¢ POXHBABLIMMM B OCHOBHOM B TOPONAX PUMAHAMH, TPeKaMH Ht HYMesIMit, ECTECTBCHHO Besa K TOMY, TO B KPECTAHCKOH Cpeste JerKO BOSHMKANa CO- UMaNbHad HANpsKCHHOCTS, TePpHOMMYCCKH BLLIMBABLAACA B NOKAIbHbIC MATCKH WIL Kpymitne BOCCTaHHa, Kak, HaNpMMep, BOCCTANHe GyKONOR, KOTOPOe HOCHO HaLHOHATb- HO-PeAMTHOHBIt XApakTep, ABAAACh OTBETHO! PeakuMet Ha MpespHTeMbHoe OTHOUIEHHC PHMIAH K erHTITAHAM. 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He Merice HeraTHBHo XapakTepuayer eruntan HM Axi TaTHii, KoTOpEIt Toxe TPH rvceipaer HM AMonoedcrso: «ErKnTsHHH YcTpOeH TaK, “TO CCAM OH HaMyrak, TO LesMKOM ronaaer B MAIeH cBOeH TpyCOCTH, ecAM 2Ke pacxpaGpHTca, TO BOKHCTEHHOCTH cro 6e3y- nepxHa, Mpuiem B OGONX cIyuARX OH He 3HaeT Mepbl. CRHUIKOM cna6 OH B HecuacTbe, CAMIIKOM KMSUIMB B cHactbe> |. Banaka k xapakrepucruke Axia Tarist ollcHKa erniran B XUSHeOmMCANHN OMK- smaiia, papa, 3Mecb, CKOpee BCETO, TOBOPHTCA HE O ITHMYECKHX ETHIITAHAX, & O KHTENAX Erunra Boobie: «EruneTckoMy Hapouly CBOMCTBEHHO, TOLOGHO OfepXUMbIM H OesyMHBIM, AOXONMTb MO KAKMM-HHOYsb HMSTOKHLIM MOBOMAM AO NOCTYNKOB, BICKYLUNX 3a COOoIt Kpalivie onlackibie MocaemcTsiis Aid rocysapcrsa. UacTo H3-2a MpMBCTCTBHA, OcTaBUIcTOCA Ge3 oTBeTa, H3-3a HeyCTYIICHHOTO B OaHe MecTa, 13-32 HATOKEHH# 3anpera Ha MACO H OBOUIK, H3-3a pabcKOi OGyBH H TOMY NOLOGHOFO OHH ZOXOAHIK Ao MocTyNKoB, KpaiiHe OMACHBIX JL1A TOCymaPCTBA, NOANHMAS MATEXKH, TAK TO MPOTHB HX MPHXOAWOCb HanipaB- SAT BOOPYKCHHBIC CHD» Bocctanne 6ykov10B rom npeaBoaMTenbcTROM xpetta Acnmopa caenyeT paccmaTpu- BaTh He TONBKO Kak peaKUHIO Ha SKCTIMYATALLMO KPCCTBAH, HO HM KaK MpoTecT npoTHB uykesemues Boobitc. HeHapucth K YY Xe3eMUAM MW -MX NPABHTeAAM CrHNTAHE BbIPAxAAM Kak Mcu¥OM, Tak H MepoM. M3BecTHO HEeCKOABKO erHTeTCKHX KCeHOpOGCKHX COUMHCHHI, HANMCaHtbIx JeMOTHKOIt — HapOUHbIM NACbMOM, CKOponHcBio, yrloTpeOraButeiica c VII B. JO H. 9. 110 PHMCKHI NepHos BKMOUNTENHO, a Mo-rpeyeckH Ha ManMpycax, osBAeHHe KOTOpBIX JaTHpyetes npasnenMem Fronemees, HO, AXTYAIBIIBIX HB STOXY PHMCKOTO TOC- Tofcrea, ABTOp Tak HasLiBaeMoit AeMoTHYecKOl XpoHMKH ' npopoyecrsyeT: «Panyiics, npopox Xapureu (Xepuued. — B.5.). 910 sxayut: Xapuiedb paayerca, Tak Kak Mocae ayxeseMtleB H HoHHiues KlomBUTCA Laph B Tepakneonone> "”, OpaKyaibl, KOOL HCXOA- line HerlocpeacTBeHHo oT Goros Xepuuteda u Xnyma (Gora-Gaparia, c HAM OTOKMECTBAB- uerocs), BuIpaxann KceHOdoGcKHe HACTpOCHMs erumleTcKOrO XPCHECTBa, 9KOHOMHMYCCKH yutemmenoro npit Trovemesx, 1 eule CHAbHCE OrpaHM4eHHoro B Mpapax MpH ABrycte. Obnadapiune orposHibia aBTOPUTETOM Ht BINAHHEM Ha erHTIeTCKOE HaCeNeHMe PELL! BHY- las pHMAsHAM GecrOKONicTBO, TosTOMy PenKTHosHbIe pecbopMel Asrycra, coKpaTHBUIHe NonMOMowus KPeYeCTBa, GLUIM MOTHBHPOBAHH OMACeHHeM BOCCTAHMI MecTHoro HaceNe- Hs TOU, MPCABOAHTECTBOM XPELOB. Oanum u3 AYYWHX CBAMETEMbCTB TOTO, 4TO 2%peub! AeHCTBHTENDHO BAOXHOBARAH conporipnenme cHavasa rpeKaM, a NOTOM pusuiaiaM, sBasieTes KepTBy. H HocAMIKe nosca, BOACTHHY, nopasar camux cea, a cam on — Tucbomniiuei ?!. Hi Torna Aratoc Jlaiimon 2 noxnner OcHoBantbti ropom H yiineT 8 GoropoxueHHblit Memduc. HM ropoa ¥yxe3eMues coBep- WeHHo oGeamoacer. Hato Gyner B KOHUe Gea, KOTMA 4YXXe3eMHbIe MOM, MPHUICLUNe B Erunier, ocbinatiorea nono6110 aucrbaM (c BeTKH). M ropom HocsMMX Mosca CranieT TAKUM 2ke MYCTSIM, Kak Mos Nes LUI OKHPa, H3~3a TEX SeazaKOUNi, KOTOPLIe OHM CORepULAN, M craryw Erna, tyaa yseseunbic, BHO» sosnparsrca w Eraner. H ropox y Mopst Gynet MecTom cyurenns (cereli) pb16o080B, HGo Araroc Jlaiimon u Medu ynanaten 8 Memuc, TaK 4TO HeKHe NPOXOAFUIE MUMO CKBKYT: «ITO Obi BeeKOPMAMLMI (ropoA), KOTOPLITT Guin HaceweH BCAKHM poOM YeNOBeYeCKHMt» *. CMbics NpopoyeCTBa Acett: JIOM WIA ern TAH ABAAIOTCA YYKCEMHBIC MpaBHTeHIH, MpeOLIBAIOMIMC B YYKNOM erHitrAHAM «

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