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The Communication Strategy at Present and Its Impact
The Communication Strategy at Present and Its Impact
ITS IMPACT
1.1 ADVERTISING
Below is an extract of an interactive session between Amish Tripathi and the 4Ps
Magazine which will throw a clearer light on their innovative techniques.
IDBI Federal then IDBI Fortis was selected to sponsor the cricket
match between India and South Africa consisting of five One Day
Print Media
PAPER
Economic times
TOI
Hindu
NEWSPAPER
PAGE
3rd
3rd
1st
ii.
MAGAZINES
PAMPHLETS
2.
Hoardings
TIME LEASE
3 months
Television
DURATION/SLOT
10 seconds
10 seconds
10 seconds
Local Events
Some great events are also conducted in and out the city to create
more awareness about the IDBI Federal and free gifts are given
wherein local marketing people interact with the prospects and try
to gauge their financial needs and respectively pitch the products.
The main promotions are done during FEB & MARCH to:
Highlight Tax benefits.
To combat competition as all the Insurance companies would
advertise during this time at a great frequency.
The overall costs associated with such events totals to Rs.
2,00,000 per annum such events are mainly conducted in
Apartments, Schools, etc.
5.
FACTORS CONSIDERED
The project was taken in mind taking in mind the factors that would facilitate
the study.
Since the study focuses on the information search behaviour of the semiurban and urban consumer segment, it was important to find out the
characteristics of their search behaviour. Therefore two main aspects were
examined.
Another objective of this project was to see how the Integrated Marketing
Communication of IDBI Federal was affected because of the nature of
information search. Therefore statistics about awareness about IDBI Federal
were required. Those who were aware were also required to mention the
source of their information. This would help in gauging which mode of
marketing communication used by IDBI Federal had the most impact.
The survey was done in a semi urban area which is located on the outskirts
of Thiruvananthapuram in a place called Parassala which is part of
Thiruvananthapuram district. This locality has grown from a rural agricultural
community to a semi urban town with municipal facilities and institutes of
higher education
6.
METHODOLOGY
The methodology for the project involved both primary and secondary
research.
Since the objective of the project was to study consumer behaviour in two
segments namely urban and semi-urban a mode of research needed to be
adopted which would clearly show the differences between the two.
6.1 PRIMARY RESEARCH
6.1.1
SAMPLING
6.1.2
QUESTIONNAIRE
6.1.3
PILOT STUDY
After consultation from the faculty guide and the company guide
a pilot study was conducted.
It involved 20 participants.
Feedback was taken regarding the clarity of the
questions and the ease of answering the questions.
The feedback was positive.
Respondents of the pilot study were not included in the
sample
The questionnaire was then used to collect data from
the areas mentioned above.
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THEORITICAL BACKGROUND
Brand
A brand is defined as a name, term, sign, symbol, design or a combination of these that
identifies the makers or seller of the product or services (Kotler 2002)
According to Kapferer (2004), a brand is a name that has the power to influence a buyer.
A brand is the identity of a specific product, service, or business.
A brand is a product, service, or concept that is publicly distinguished from other products,
services, or concepts so that it can be easily communicated and usually marketed.
Different companies have opted for different brand strategies for multiple products. These
strategies (Kotler, 2003) are:
Single
a separate brand for each product. For example, in laundry detergents Procter & Gamble
offers uniquely positioned brands such as Tide, Cheer, Bold, etc.
Umbrella
brand- All products under the same brand. For example, Sony
categories. Campbell Soup Company uses Campbell's for soups, Pepperidge Farm for
baked goods and V8 for juices.
Family
brands,
and
sub
brands- For
Kat, Cadbury Dairy Milk, and Sony Play Station. These brands include a parent brand which may be a corporate brand, an umbrella brand, or a family brand- as an
endorsement to a sub-brand or an individual, product brand. The endorsement should add
credibility to the endorsed sub-brand in the eyes of consumers.
Brand equity is an important factor in multi-product branding strategies
Brand equity
Brand equity is a marketing term used to refer to the marketing impact of a given product in
association with a brand name. It tries to examine how a given product will perform in the
market if it did not have the Privilege of that brand name.
According to Kotler (1996), Brand Equity is defined as the added value endowed on the products
and services of a brand.
Aaker (1991) stated that brand equity can be referred to as a set of brand assets and liabilities
linked to a brand, its name and symbol that add to or subtract from the value provided by a
product or service to a firm and/or to that firms customers.
The Marketing Science Institute (1988) defines brand equity as, The set of associations and
behaviours on the part of the brands customers, channel members, and parent corporations that
permit the brand to earn greater volume or greater margins than it could without the brand name
and that gives the brand a strong, sustainable, and differentiated advantage over competitors.
Brand Equity is the intangible value of a particular company or product based on consumer
perception in the marketplace.
The three main issues that a service brand should concentrate on in order to build a strong brand
equity and acquiescence in the market place;
A brand is said to have positive customer-based brand equity when consumers react more
favorably to an element of the marketing mix for the brand than they do to the same
marketing mix element when it is attributed to a fictitiously named or unnamed version of
the product or service.
The key components of brand equity according to Aaker are
Brand loyalty
Brand image
Brand awareness
Perceived brand quality
Brand association
Purchase decision
Post purchase behavior
Brand loyalty
Aaker defined Brand loyalty as the attachment that a customer has to a brand. It can also be
seen as consumers preference to purchase a particular brand in a product class and this could be
as a result of the consumer awareness about that particular brand.
Aaker classified loyalty as follows:
Non- customer: these are people who buy the brands of competitors.
Price switcher: these are the once that are sensitive to price.
Fence sitters: are those that are indifferent between several brands.
Brand image
Brand image is referred to as consumer perceptions about the brand or how they view it.
According to Keller (1993), brand image is also seen as a symbolic construct created within the
minds of people and consist of all the information and expectations associated with a product or
service.
Thus, brand image does not exist in the features, technology or the actual product itself, it is
sometimes brought out by advertisement, promotion or users. Brand image enables a consumer
to recognize a product, lower purchase risks, evaluate the quality and obtain certain experience
and satisfaction out of product differentiation.
Brand Awareness
Keller (2003) stated that Brand awareness can be referred to as the ability of a consumer to
distinguish a brand under various conditions.
Brand awareness is built and increased by familiarity with the brand as a result of repeated
exposure of the brand through various marketing strategies which eventually leads to consumers
experience with the brand.
Consumers experience of a particular brand could either be by hearing, seeing, or thinking about
it and this will help the brand to create a certain degree of perception in the minds of consumers.
There are three levels of brand awareness namely:
brand in a product class. It is also referred to as unaided recall as they are not
given any clue from the product class.
Top of mind: This is referred to as the first brand that a consumer can recall
amongst a given class of product.
Brand awareness plays a major role and has the most powerful influence on consumers purchase
decision.
Perceived Brand Quality
Perceived quality can be defined as the customers perception of the overall quality or
superiority of a product or service with respect to its intended purpose, relative to
alternatives(Valarie A.Zeithaml 1988). Perceived quality is, first a perception by customers.
Perceived quality is defined relative to an intended purpose and a set of alternatives. Perceived
quality is an intangible, overall feeling about a brand. However, it usually will be based on
underlying dimensions which included characteristics of the products to which the brand is
attached such as reliability and performance.
Perceived quality is a major determinant of brand strength. Quality helps to increase market
share, which results in lower unit costs through scale economies. So it provides a competitive
edge over the rivals in securing potential market area by inspiring the customers.
Brand Association
To create brand equity, it is important that the brand have some strong, favourable and unique
brand association. Creating strong, favourable and unique associations is a real challenge to
marketers, but essential in terms of building customer-based brand equity.
The favourable brand associations are created by convincing consumers that the brand possesses
relevant attributes and benefits that satisfy their needs and wants such that they from positive
overall brand judgments. Basically brand associations can be classified into three major
categories viz, attributes, benefits and attitudes. Attributes are those descriptive features that
characterize a product or service.
Attributes are further sub divided into product related and non-product related. Benefits are the
personal value consumers attach to the product or service attributes can be further distinguished
into three categories i.e. functional benefits, experimental benefits and symbolic benefits. Brand
attitudes are consumers overall evaluations of a brand, which is most important one because it is
directly associated with the consumers buying behaviour.
Other components that build and enhance brand equity are:Purchase Decision
The core of marketing is exchange. It is the actualization of a transaction between the seller and
the seeker of value. In this process the customer must make a choice or decisions with regard to
selection of a value provider. A decision involves a choice between two or more alternative
actions or behaviours. The customers essentially make two types of decision in the context of
marketing. The first type of decisions is directed at the choice of product or service. These
decisions are called assortment decisions. The second type decisions concern the choice of
specific brands and how to obtain them. These are called market related decisions.
After searching and evaluating the alternatives, the consumer must decide whether to buy or not.
Thus, the first outcome is the decision to purchase or not to purchase. If the decision is to buy,
various decisions are to be taken regarding where and when to make the actual transaction, how
to take delivery or possession, the method of payment, and other issues.
The buying decision also highly influenced with cultural, social, personal and psychological
factors. For consumers, brand equity is the value addition in the product of the brand. Brand
equity results in increase in sales through consumers acceptance.
Post Purchase Behaviour
After purchasing the product, the consumer will experience some level of satisfaction or
dissatisfaction. The consumer will also engage in post purchase action and product uses of
interest to the marketer. The consumers satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the product will
influence subsequent behaviour, if the consumer is satisfied, then he/she will exhibit a higher
probability of purchasing the product on the next occasion.
The satisfied consumer will also tend to say good thighs about the product and the company to
others. The post purchase behaviour is depending upon the extent of consumers set of
experience stored in memory, how well they select products and stores and the type of feedback
they received.
The post purchase evaluation involves comparison between the expectations and actual
performance of the product or brand. There are three possibilities at this stage. First, there is no
discrepancy between expectations and actual performance. It leaves the consumer with neutral
feelings. Second, performance exceeds expectations, in this situation consumer feels satisfied.
Third, performance falls below expectations, this leaves the consumer dissatisfied.
Post purchase behaviour indicates to what extent these purpose have been met and motives
achieved. Post purchase activity gives an indication as to whether the customers are going to
again patronize a firm in future, and also whether they will be in a mood to recommend a product
to potential customers.
BRAND EQUITY MODELS
Differentiation
Relevance
Esteem
Knowledge
AAKER Model
Brand loyalty
Brand awareness
Perceived quality
Brand associations
Others: patents,, channels,, etc
The Brand Equity model that is currently being used at IDBI Federal is Aaker model.
OBJECTIVES:
Primary Objectives:
1.
To understand the factors influencing the Brand Equity of IDBI
Federal.
2.
3.
Suggestions to enhance brand equity through various marketing
strategies.
Secondary Objectives:
1.
2.
METHODOLOGY:
RESEARCH DESIGN:
In this project, descriptive research is used i.e. explaining the distinctiveness of the observed
facts.
SAMPLE DESIGN:
The sample size is 150 and sampling unit is Customers of IDBI Federal and the sampling type is
non random convenience sampling. The research is carried out in Bangalore, Karnataka. Open
ended and closed ended questions are used in the design of questionnaire. The type of
questionnaire used in this project is structured questionnaire where the questions are listed in a
pre arranged order and respondants are informed about the purpose of collecting information.
DATA SOURCES
There are two methods of data collection that can be considered when collecting data for
research purpose. These data collection types include the following:
Primary data
Secondary data
Both primary and secondary data will be used for the purpose of study.
Primary Data
This can be referred to as first hand data because it is collected mainly for the set research
purpose.
Sources of primary data:
For the purpose of the project, primary data will be collected by communication via
questionnaires and interviews which we will administer personally.
Basic methods of communication with respondents that may be used in the project are:
Personal interviews.
Telephone interviews.
Self administered questionnaires which can either be in
the form of printed questionnaires or electronic questionnaires via
email.
Secondary Data
Secondary data can be referred to as information collected by others for certain purposes that can
be different from that of a researcher who intends to use the same information. Also referred to
as second hand data.
Sources of secondary data:
The internal sources are datas being collected from employ