FORMULA

SSCE 1693
Hyperbolic

Trigonometric
sin2

cos2

x+
x=1
1 + tan2 x = sec2 x
cot2 x + 1 = cosec2 x
sin(x y) = sin x cos y cos x sin y

cos(x y) = cos x cos y sin x sin y

tan x tan y
tan(x y) =
1 tan x tan y
sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x
cos 2x = cos2 x sin2 x
= 2 cos2 x 1
= 1 2 sin2 x
2 tan x
tan 2x =
1 tan2 x
2 sin x cos y = sin(x + y) + sin(x y)
2 sin x sin y = cos(x + y) + cos(x y)
2 cos x cos y = cos(x + y) + cos(x y)
Logarithm
ax = ex ln a
logb x
loga x =
logb a

Differentiations

Integrations

d
[k] = 0,
dx
k constant.

d
[xn ] = nxn1
dx

Differentiations

Integrations

d
[sec x] = sec x tan x.
dx

sec x tan x dx = sec x + C.

d
[cosec x]
dx
= cosec x cot x.

cosec x cot x dx

d
[cosh x] = sinh x.
dx

sinh x dx = cosh x + C.

d
[sinh x] = cosh x.
dx

cosh x dx = sinh x + C.

d
[tanh x] = sech2 x.
dx

sech2 x dx = tanh x + C.

d
[coth x]
dx
= cosech2 x.

cosech2 x dx = coth x + C.

d
[sech x]
dx
= sech x tanh x.

sech x tanh x dx

d
[cosech x]
dx
cosec x dx = cot x + C.
= cosech x coth x.

cosech x coth x dx

k dx = kx + C,
k constant.
xn dx =

xn+1
+ C,
n+1
n 6= 1.

d x
[e ] = ex .
dx

ex dx = ex + C.

d
1
[ln |x|] = .
dx
x

dx
= ln |x| + C.
x

d
[cos x] = sin x.
dx

sin x dx = cos x + C.

d
[sin x] = cos x.
dx

cos x dx = sin x + C.

d
[tan x] = sec2 x.
dx

sec2 x dx = tan x + C.

Inverse Hyperbolic

sinh1 x = ln(x + x2+ 1), < x <

2
cosh1 x = ln(x
+ x 1), x 1
1
1+x
1
tanh x = ln
, 1 < x < 1
2
1x

d
[cot x] = cosec2 x.
dx

ex ex
2
ex + ex
cosh x =
2
cosh2 x sinh2 x = 1
1 tanh2 x = sech2 x
coth2 x 1 = cosech2 x
sinh(x y) = sinh x cosh y cosh x sinh y
cosh(x y) = cosh x cosh y sinh x sinh y
tanh x tanh y
tanh(x y) =
1 tanh x tanh y
sinh 2x = 2 sinh x cosh x
cosh 2x = cosh2 x + sinh2 x
= 2 cosh2 x 1
= 1 + 2 sinh2 x
2 tanh x
tanh 2x =
1 + tanh2 x
sinh x =

= cosec x + C.

= sech x + C.

= cosech x + C.

SSCE 1693

Differentiations of Inverse Functions

d
1
[sin1 x] =
, |x| < 1.
dx
1 x2
1
d
[cos1 x] =
, |x| < 1.
dx
1 x2
d
1
[tan1 x] =
.
dx
1 + x2
d
1
[cot1 x] =
.
dx
1 + x2
1
d

[sec1 x] =
, |x| > 1.
dx
|x| x2 1
d
1

[cosec1 x] =
, |x| > 1.
dx
|x| x2 1
d
1
[sinh1 x] =
.
dx
x2 + 1
1
d
[cosh1 x] =
, |x| > 1.
2
dx
x 1
d
1
[tanh1 x] =
, |x| < 1.
dx
1 x2
d
1
[coth1 x] =
, |x| > 1.
dx
1 x2
1
d
[sech1 x] =
, 0 < x < 1.
dx
x 1 x2
d
1

, x 6= 0.
[cosech1 x] =
dx
|x| 1 + x2

Integrations Resulting in Inverse Functions

Z

dx
= tan1 (x) + C.
1 + x2

dx

= sec1 (x) + C.
|x| x2 1

dx
1
= ln
1 x2
2

1+x
1x

+ C, |x| < 1.

1
dx
= ln
x2 1
2

x1
x+1

+ C, |x| > 1.

dx

= sech1 (x) + C, |x| < 1.

x 1 x2

dx
1 x2

dx
x2 + 1
dx
x2 1

|x|

= sin1 (x) + C.

= sinh1 (x) + C.

= cosh1 (x) + C, x > 0.

dx

= cosech1 x + C, x 6= 0.
1 + x2