CC QU TRNH CH BIN

TRONG CNG NGH THC

PHM
GING VIN: NGUYN KHNH HANG
KHOA CNG NGH HA HC
TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP H CH MINH

M U
1.Khi nim CNTP
-Vt liu v qu trnh bin i ca vt
liu
-Phng php ( quy trnh) sn xut
-Cng c sn xut
-iu kin kinh t, t chc sn xut

Bin i ca vt liu

Vt l
Ha l
Ha hc
Ha sinh
Sinh hc
Cm quan

Tnh cht vt l v bin i

C l: hnh dng
cng, khi lng, bin
lu
Nhit: nhit , dn
nhit, nhit hm..
Quang: hot ng
quang hc, phn
chiu, kh nng hp th..
in
dn in,hng s in
ly..

Bin i c l

Bin i nhit
Bin i quang

Bin i in

S bin i vt l lin quan n vic to thnh cc cht mi, tnh

cht cm quan ca thc phm(mu sc, mi v, hnh thc)

Tnh cht ha l v bin i

Tnh cht keo
(a nc, k nc)
Tnh cht pha
(rn, lng, kh)
Tnh cht khuych
tn(tnh ht m, tnh
phn tn)

Hydrat ha, trng

n, ng t, to
mixen
Bc hi, ha tan, kt
tinh, to bt, to ng
Trao i cht, truyn
khi

Tnh cht ha hc v bin i

Cht dinh dng

Nc
Cc hp cht
Cc sn phm trao
i cht
Cht b xung
Cht nhim

Phn gii, thy phn

Cc phn ng cng
Cc phn ng oxi ha
Cc phn ng trao
i, trung ha

Tnh cht ha sinh v bin i

Trng thi enzyme
chn
ln men

Cc lai phn ng
ha hc c s tham
gia ca enzyme

Tnh cht sinh hc v bin i

Cu to t bo
Ngun gc sinh hc
Tnh trng VSV
Tnh trng v sinh
Tnh cht sinh l dinh
dng

Bin i t bo
Pht trin v sinh
trng
Bin i VSV
Bin i tnh trng v
sinh
Bin i sinh l dinh
dng

Tnh cht cm quan v bin i

Mi v
Mu sc
Trng thi

To cht thm
Bin i mu
Bin i trng thi

1.Khi nim CNTP

Bin I cu vt liu
Sn
phm

Nguyn
liu
Cng c sn xut

Phng php sn xut

iu kin kinh t, t chc sn xut

2.Cc phng php v qu trnh

trong CNTP

2.Cc phng php v qu trnh trong CNTP:

PP gia cng:Vt liu bin i nhng cha t trng thi cui
PP ch bin:Vt liu bin i t trng thi cui cng
a. Phn loi cc PP:
Theo trnh t thi gian(Thu hach, bo qun, ch bin, bo
qun thnh phm, x l trc s dng)
Theo trnh s dng cng c(Th cng, c gii, t ng ha)
Theo ngun nng lng s dng(Tc nhn vt l, ni nng
Theo tnh cht lin tc(Gin an, bn lin tc, lin tc)
Theo trng thi m ca vt liu(Kh, t)
Theo mc ch( Chun b, khai thc, ch bin, bo qun, hon
thin)

Mc ch ca qu trnh
Chun b: Nhm chun b cho qu trnh k tip thun li hn, khng
thay i ha hc, ch bin i v mt vt l

Khai thc: Tng gi tr ca vt liu, tng cht dinh dng, khng

thay i ha hc ch bin i v vt l

Ch bin: Thay i thnh phn ha hc ca vt liu, to thnh

nhng tnh cht mi ca sn phm

Bo qun: Nhm ko di thi gian lu tr ca sn phm, trnh hao

ht vt liu

Han thin: Nhm tng gi tr ca sn phm

ch yu thay i v

mt cm quan.
Lu : C th mt qu trnh ng thi thc hin nhiu mc ch

Tr v

2.Cc phng php v qu trnh

trong CNTP
b. Phn loi cc qu trnh cng ngh:
Qu trnh c hc( Phn chia phn loi, nghin, nn p,
Trn, lng, lc, ly tm.)
Qu trnh nhit( un nng, lm ngui, lnh, chin, Nng,
sao rang)

Qu trnh ho l( Trch ly, c/ ct, c c, keo t, k/tinh, s y)

Qu trnh ho hc(Thy phn, thay i mu)

Qu trnh sinh hc, ho sinh( Chn sau thu hoch, ln men)
Qu trnh hon thin(Ta hnh, bao go)

Tnh cht tch hp

Bin i
Vt l
Ha l
Ha hc
Ha sinh
Sinh hc
Cm quan

Mc ch
Phng php
hoc qu trnh

Chun b
Khai thc
Ch bin
Bo qun
Han thin

3. Yu cu thit b trong CNTP

3. Yu cu thit b trong CNTP:
- Thit b chuyn mn hoc vn nng
-D iu khin v kim tra
-Vt liu chng n mn v chng oxy
ho( inox, cht do, hoc trng men)

Chng II Qu trnh c hc
2.1. Qu trnh phn loi
2.1.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Tch cc cu t trong hn hp thng qua s
khc nhau bi 1 hoc nhiu tnh cht c
trng .
Mc ch chun b

2.1.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i

Khng c bin i v cht ch bin i v
thnh phn cu t(vt l)

Qu trnh phn loi

2.1.3. Phng php thc hin
1 du hiu phn chia
2 du hiu phn chia
Theo ln
Theo hnh dng
Khi lng ring v tnh cht kh ng hc
Phn loi theo tnh cht t tnh

Thit b phn loi

Thit b phn loi

Thit b phn loi

Thit b phn loi

Thit b sng s b

Thit b sng ti

Thit b sng

Chng II Qu trnh c hc
2.2 Qu trnh p
2.2.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Phn chia lng- rn trong vt liu
nh hnh- bin dng vt liu
Mc ch:
Khai thc( p nc ma trong sn xut ng)
chun b(dch trong sn xut tinh bt khoai m)
hon thin( to hnh sn phm)

Qu trnh p
2.2.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin I
Thay i ch yu v mt Vt l,
Khng thay i nhiu v ha sinh ha hc, sinh
ha(c th tn tht vitamin).

2.2.3. Cc yu t nh hng
Tnh cht vt liu
p lc p
Vn tc p
Thit b
Thao tc
Cung cp nng lng

Qu trnh p
2.2.3. Phng php thc hin

p sut cao
p sut thp
Nhit cao
Nhit thp

2.2.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b p)

p vt: p qu , ht c du sau khi nghin v
chng sy
Thy lc: Thch hp cho vt liu cng( ht c du)
Trc: Vt liu cng v c si( ma)
Kh nn: Vt liu cn trnh v nt( cc loi qu)

Nguyn tc nghin

Thit b p

Thit b p

Thit b p n

My p thy lc

Thit b p to hnh

Chng II Qu trnh c hc
2.3 Qu trnh lng
2.3.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Phn ring mt hn hp khng ng nht
bng trng lc hoc lc ly tm
Mc ch
Khai thc: Tch tinh bt khi dch bo.
Chun b: trc khi lc, lai bt tp cht

Qu trnh lng
2.3.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Kh rn
Lng rn
Lng l lng( huyn ph; nh tng; bt)
Lng - kh
Ch bin i vt l( tch pha)
Khng bin i ha hc, ha l, sinh ha
Cht lng tng ln do loi c tp cht (cm
quan)

Qu trnh lng
2.3.3. Phng php thc hin
Lng bng trng lc: B lng, thng lng, Dorr
Lng bng lc ly tm: Cyclon
2.3.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b lng)

Thit b lng

Thit b lng

Thit b lng

Thit b lng tnh in

Chng II Qu trnh c hc
2.4 Qu trnh lc
2.4.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Phn ring hn hp khng ng nht qua lp
lc.
Mc ch:
Khai thc: Sn xut bt
Chun b: Lc dch ng trc khi ch bin

Qu trnh lc
2.4.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Khng tan ln vo nhau v c kh nng tch
khi nhau
Vt liu gm: kh, bi, lng, rn.
Bin i: Vt l
Trong
Mu sc
C kh nng lc c VSV(sinh hc)

Qu trnh lc
2.4.3. Phng php thc hin
Lc p sut khng i
Lc lu lng khng i
Lc nhit cao, thp, thng
Lc nhit cao( nht cao)
Lc nhit thp( bin i khi nhit cao)
Lc nhit thng( nht khng cao0
2.4.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b lc)

Thit b lc

Thit b lc

Thit b lc

Thit b lc

Thit b lc

Lc phn t

Thit b lc

Chng II Qu trnh c hc
2.5 Qu trnh ly tm
2.5.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Tch cc phn t c khi lng ring khc
nhau
Mc ch:
Chun b: tch tp cht, trc lc lm gim
p lc lc
Khai thc: Thu nhn sn phm, thu hi sn
phm

Qu trnh ly tm
2.5.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Hn hp khng ng nht kh- lng- rn
Rn- lng:
Lng- lng:
Bin i vt l
Trng thi cht lng sn phm tng

Qu trnh ly tm
2.5.3. Phng php thc hin
Ly tm lng
( hn hp c chnh lch khi lng ring nh)
Ly tm lc
(hn hp c chnh lch khi lng ring ln)

Qu trnh ly tm
2.5.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b ly tm)
Chu k ly tm
Thi gian m my v nhp liu
Thi gian phn ly hn hp
Thi gian hon thin
Thi gian x sn phm

My ly tm

Thit b ly tm

Thit b ly tm

Thit b ly tm

Thit b ly tm

Chng II Qu trnh c hc
2.6 Qu trnh phi ch, o trn
2.6.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Phi ch:Pha trn 2 hay nhiu cu t
o trn:C hc nhm phn b u cc cu t
Mc ch:
To sn phm mi( Han thin)
Tng cht lng sn phm( Khai thc)
H tr cc qu trnh( Chun b)

Qu trnh phi ch, o trn

2.6.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Vt liu khc nhau v cc tnh cht( Vt l, ha
hc, )
Bin i v mt vt l( ng nht, trng lng..)
2.6.3. Phng php thc hin
Quan trng nht phi xc nh t l phi trn( phng
php tan hc, phng php ng cho)
Khuych tn t nhin
Cng bc
2.6.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b phi ch)

Cnh khuy

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Thit b o trn

Chng 3: CC QU TRNH NHIT

3.1 Qu trnh un nng, lm ngui
3.1.1. Mc ch, yu cu
L QT tng nhit t nhit ban u n nhit
cui cng cho trc
t= t cui- t u> 0 un nng
t= t cui- t u< 0 lm ngui
Mc ch:
chun b
Khai thc
Ch bin
Bo qun
Han thin

Qu trnh un nng, lm ngui

3.1.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i

Bin i vt l( nhit, trng thi, th tch)

Ha l ha hc
Sinh ha vi sinh
Cu trc t bo
Cm quan

3.1.3. Phng php thc hin

Trc tip
Gin tip

3.1.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b un

nng )

Thit b un nng lm ngui

Thit b un nng lm ngui

Thit b un nng lm ngui

Chng 3: CC QU TRNH NHIT

3.2 Qu trnh lm lnh v lnh ng,
3.2.1. Mc ch, yu cu
H nhit t gii hn nng lnh(20-24oC) xung
nhit thp hn
Lnh thng: tb<to<20oC
Lnh ng: -100oC <to<tb
Lnh ng su( thm ): -273oC<to< -100oC
Mc ch:
Chun b
Khai thc
Ch bin
Bo qun

Qu trnh lm lnh v lnh ng

3.2.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
C ngun gc ng vt, thc vt, chng h hng, cc
lai sinh phm
Bin i:
Vt l:Nhit , m
Ha hc:t
Sinh ha vi sinh cu trc t bo
Cm quan
3.2.3. Phng php thc hin
Lnh t nhin
Lnh nhn to
3.2.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b lm lnh)

Thit b lnh

Thit b lnh

Thit b lnh

Thit b lnh ng bng Nit lng

Qu trnh tan gi v lm m
Bn cht mc ch
Ngc li ca qu trnh lnh ng
Mc ch chun b

Bin i vt liu
Thun nghch so vi qu trnh lnh ng

Phng php thc hin

Tan gi chm trong khng kh

Tan gi nhanh trong khng kh
Tan gi nhanh trong hn hp
Tan gi trong nc
Tan gi bng vi sng

Chng 3: CC QU TRNH NHIT

3.3. Qu trnh nng
3.3.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Nhit lng truyn vo SP ch yu bng bc x
Mc ch:
Chun b
Ch bin
Bo qun

3.3.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i

Vt liu c m cao- rn

Qu trnh nng
Bin i
Vt l( nhit, khi lng, th tch)
Ha l (m, h keo, trng thi)
Ha hc(Mu, mi)
Sinh hc
Vi sinh
Cm quan

3.3.3. Phng php thc hin

Chun b
Ch nng

3.3.4. Gii thiu thit b nng

Qu trnh nng
Cc giai an ca qu trnh nng
Giai an 1: m chuyn t v vo trung tm
( hin tng dn nhit- m)
Giai an 2: t lp v>100oC, bc hi mnh
( m chuyn t trong ra)
Giai an 3:Gim tc mt m
H keo bin i
Trnh thi bin i

Thit b nng

Thit b nng

Thit b nng

Thit b nng

Chng 3: CC QU TRNH NHIT

3.4. Qu trnh rn
3.4.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Gia nhit m du m va l cht ti nhit va l
thnh phn sn phm cui cng
Mc ch:
Ch bin
Bo qun

Qu trnh rn
3.4.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Tn ti th rn, bt, do
Bin i
Vt l
Ha hc
Sinh hc
Cm quan

3.4.3. Phng php thc hin

Nhit du v vt liu cng tng
Nhit du tng trc

3.4.4. Vn thit b

Qu trnh chin
Cc giai an chin
Giai an 1. tvt liu< tdu (Du thm vo, cha
bin i hnh dng)
Giai an 2. Thay i cu trc, th tch tng,
du thm mnh, th tch t bogim nhng
th tch khang trng gia cc t bo tng
vo cui giai an
Giai on 3. Bay hi nc o t, sp teo li,
cc t chc t bo b ph hy, du thm nhiu
hn

Thit b chin

Thit b chin

My chin lin tc

Chng 3: CC QU TRNH NHIT

3.5. Qu trnh sao rang

3.5.1. Mc ch, yu cu
L QT nhit vi nhit truyn vo SP bng dn
nhit v bc x nhit. Nguyn liu c o trn
lin tc
Sao vi vt liu dng si, l
Rang vi vt liu dng ht
Mc ch:
Chun b( Sao ch)
Ch bin(Lm chn ht u phng)
Bo qun(Do tc ng ca nhit )
Cm quan( to hng)

Qu trnh sao rang

3.5.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Nguyn liu dng rn, ri( Nhit phi u trong
tan b qu trnh)
Nguyn liu Bn thnh phm Bin dng Sn
phm
Bin i
Vt l: gim trng lng, gim th tch
Ha hc
Vi sinh
Cm quan

Qu trnh sao rang

3.5.3. Phng php thc hin
Thit b v vt liu cng tng nhit
Thit b tng nhit trc

3.5.4. Vn thit b

Thit b sao rang

Sn xut Chocolate

Chng 4: CC QU TRNH HA L
4.1. Qu trnh trch ly
4.1.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Tch cht ho tan trong cht lng hoc cht
rn bng mt cht ho tan khc(Dung mi)
Mc ch:
Khai thc(ma, ng)
Chun b( ngm c khoai m)
4.1.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Lng - lng; Rn lng

Qu trnh trch ly
Dung mi:
Ho tan chc lc
Khng tc dng ho hc
Khi lng ring khc
Khng ph hy thit b
Khng bin i khi bo qun
Khng gy c, r, d kim
D tch v thu hi

Qu trnh trch ly
Bin i vt liu
Vt l
Ho hc
Sinh ho sinh hc(t)
4.1.3. Phng php thc hin
Trch ly mt bc-Trch ly nhiu bc
Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh trch ly:
Kh nng khuych tn
Din tch b mt tip xc
Tnh cht vt liu
Nhit

Nguyn tc trch ly

Nguyn tc trch ly

Chng 4: CC QU TRNH HA L
4.2. Qu trnh chng ct
4.2.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Tch hn hp cht lng da vo s khc nhau v
bay hi khc nhau( Chng ct c dung mi v
cht ha tan cng bay hi, C c ch c dung mi
bc hi)
Mc ch:
Khai thc(Thu nhn tinh cht)
Chun b( loi tp cht)

Qu trnh chng ct
4.2.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Hn hp nhiu cu t c bay hi khc nhau
Lng: Ru nng thp
Rn-lng: Dch dm chn; nguyn liu trch tinh
du
Bin i:
Ho l
Thnh phn ho hc
Cm quan mu sc

Qu trnh chng ct
4.2.3. Phng php thc hin

Chng ct n gin
Chng ct hi lu
Chng ct bng hi nc trc tip
Chng luyn

4.2.4. Vn thit b

Thit b chng ct

Chng ct

Chng 4: CC QU TRNH HA L
4.3. Qu trnh c c
4.3.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Nng cao nng cht kh bng phng php
bay hi nc
Mc ch:
Chun b( kt tinh ng)
Hon thin(c pure)
Bo qun(Tng nng lm hn ch VSV)

Qu trnh c c
4.3.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Vt liu gm dung mi v cht ho tan,
cht ho tan khng bay hi trong qu trnh
Bin i
-Vt l(khi lng ring, h s dn nhit)
-Ho l(Keo t protein, phn hy Pectin..)
-Ho hc(Thay i pH, thay i mu sc)
-Sinh hc(Hn ch s pht trin ca VSV)
-Cm quan(t nng yu cu)

Qu trnh c c
4.3.3. Phng php thc hin
C c trong thit b h( thng c)
C c mt ni di chn khng
C c nhiu ni
C c lin tc
Cc phng php c c khc: C ly tm,
C chn khng c trc quay nhiu tng..
4.3.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b c c)

Thit b c c

Thit b c c

Chng 4: CC QU TRNH HA L
4.4. Qu trnh keo t
4.4.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Lm mt tnh bn h keo bng cch tng
lc ht gia cc phn t( cc Mixen dnh
vo nhau, mt v hydrat, trung ho v in)
Mc ch:
Hon thin( Dung dch trong hn)
Ch bin( To sn phm phomai, keo t
pectin..)

Qu trnh keo t
4.4.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Vt liu thuc h d th khng bn v c
phn tn cao
Bin i vt liu
Ha l: Bin i pha, Thay i tnh cht..
Ha hc: Thay i pH..
Cm quan: Hng v, mu sc
Sinh ha: ng t protein

Qu trnh keo t
4.4.3. Phng php thc hin
Dng cht in ly
Dng cht to kt ta khng tan
Dng t st(trung ha in)
Dng cht to ng
Dng Enzyme
Dng phng php vt l: Khuy trn, thay
i nhit , pha lang hoc tng nng
4.4.4. Vn thit b

Chng 4: CC QU TRNH HA L
4.5. Qu trnh kt tinh
4.5.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Chuyn pha t lng sang rn da vo tnh
ha tan ca cht rn. Qu trnh km theo
ta nhit
Mc ch: Khai thc
4.5.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Dung dch m c c bo ha > 70%
Bin i
Ha l: chuyn pha

Qu trnh kt tinh
4.5.3. Phng php thc hin
C 4 giai on trong kt tinh

a dung dch n qu bo ha( Bc

hi nc- Gim nhit )
Gy mm tinh th
Pht trin mn
Kt thc
4.5.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b kt tinh)

Chng 4: CC QU TRNH HA L
4.6. Qu trnh sy
4.6.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Bc hi nc bng nhit da vo chng
lch p sut hi ring phn b mt vt
liu v mi trng xung quanh
Mc ch
Chun b: chuyn ch, tm
Khai thc: tng hm lng cht kh
Ch bin: tng gin
Bo qun: gim hat tnh ca nc

Qu trnh sy
4.6.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
ng vt, thc vt, m( C 3 lai m:m t
do, Lin kt vt l, lin kt ha hc)
Bin i
Vt l( co th tch thay i khi lng ring)
Ha l( Khuych tn m..)
Ha hc( Tc phn ng tng hoc gim..)
Sinh ha( Hat ng ca Enzym tng hgoc
gim..)
Sinh hc( Cu to t bo, VSV)
Cm quan( Mu sc, mi, v, trng thi..)

Qu trnh sy
4.6.3. Phng php thc hin
Sy t nhin
Sy nhn to
Sy tip xc
Sy trc tip
Sy bc x
Sy bng dng in cao tn
Sy thng hoa
Sy ngc chiu
Sy xui chiu
Sy cho dng
Sy tng si

4.6.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b sy)

Thit b sy chn khng

Thot m vt liu

Thit b sy

Thit b sy

Thit b sy

Chng 5: CC QU TRNH HA HC
5.1. Qu trnh thy phn
5.1.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Phn ct mt hp cht cao phn t thnh
cc phn t n gin di tc dng ca
cht xc tc v c s tham gia ca nc
Mc ch: Khai thc
5.1.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Nguyn liu: ng thc vt
Bin i: Ha hc

Qu trnh thy phn

Tc nhn xc tc:
Ha hc
Sinh hc
Tnh c hiu
Hat
iu kin
Sn phm

5.1.3. Phng php thc hin

Xc tc ha hc
Xc tc sinh hc
Kt hp ha hc v sinh hc

Qu trnh thy phn

Cc yu t nh hng
Hat xc tc
Nng v tnh cht xc tc
C cht
Nhit
Thi gian
5.1.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b phn
ng)

Chng 5: CC QU TRNH HA HC
5.2. Qu trnh thay i mu
5.2.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Chuyn ha mu ca vt liu di tc
ng ca nhiu yu t( Vt l, ha hc, ha
l, ha sinh)
Mc ch:
Ch bin( ch..)
Han thin
5.2.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Vt liu c th c hoc khng mu

Qu trnh thay i mu
ha hc: Phn hy, chuyn mu
Ha l: Hp ph trao i ion
Sinh hc: Cc tnh cht sinh ha
Cm quan: hnh thc
5.2.3. Phng php thc hin
Cc tc nhn ca qu trnh
Vt l: nh sng, khuy
Ha hc: m, pH, Cc phn ng
Nhit

Qu trnh thay i mu
Ha l: hp th, trao i ion
Vi sinh vt: nm
Sinh hc: chn sau thu hach
To mu
Ty mu
5.2.4. Vn thit b

Chng 6: CC QU TRNH SINH HA V

SINH HC
6.1. Qu trnh chn
6.1.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Thc y s bin i sinh ha nhm t chn
trong thi gian nht nh
Mc ch:
Han thin
Ch bin
6.1.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Bin i
Sinh ha
Ha hc
Cm quan
Vi sinh

Qu trnh chn
Ty theo yu cu cng ngh
chn thu hach
chn k thut
chn s dng
chn sinh l
6.1.3. Phng php thc hin
Cc yu t nh hng
Nhit
m khng kh
Thnh phn khng kh
chm
nhanh
6.1.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b)

Chng 6: CC QU TRNH SINH HA

V SINH HC
6.2. Qu trnh ln men
6.2.1. Mc ch, yu cu
Bin i cht di tc dng ca VSV
Ln men do nm men
Ln men do nm mc
Ln men do vi khun
Mc ch:
Ch bin
Khai thc
Bo qun

Qu trnh ln men
6.2.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Thnh phn ha hc & mi trng dinh
dng
C cht bin thnh nhng sn phm t
qu trnh ln men do vsv
Ta thnh cc sn phm t pyruvic
Cc yu t nh hng:
Nhit
pH
Nng dch ln men
Cht st trng

Qu trnh ln men
6.2.3. Phng php thc hin
Chun b ( men ging v dch ln men)
St trng
Len men
X l dch ln men
Hon thin v bo qun sn phm
6.2.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b)
6.2.4.1. S nguyn l hot ng
6.2.4.2. Cu to

Chng 7: CC QU TRNH HON THIN

7.1. Qu trnh to hnh

7.1.1. Mc ch, yu cu
L QT c l nhm to cho sn phm hnh
dng, kch thc, khi lng nht nh
Chun b
Ch bin
Han thin
7.1.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i
Nguyn liu dng bt nhuyn, lng
Do ch l nhng QT c l nn vt liu ch
bin i v vt l
( tng khi lng ring do gim th tch)

7.1. Qu trnh to hnh

7.1.3. Phng php thc hin
p nn
Dp hnh
Rt khun
Cn ct
7.1.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b)

Chng 7: CC QU TRNH HON THIN

7.2.. Qu trnh bao gi v trang tr
7.2.1. Mc ch, yu cu
L tng hp ca nhiu QT

Chun b sn phm
Chun b bao b
Bao gi
Trnh by
Hon thin sn phm

Mc ch:
Vn chuyn( Chun b, bo qun)
Bo v, bo qun (bo qun)
Hon thin

7.2.2. Vt liu v qu trnh bin i

Sn phm: lng; rn; hn hp
Bao b: bao b vn chuyn; bao b s dng

Qu trnh bao gi v trang tr

Vt liu lm bao b
Giy
G
Thy tinh
Snh s
Kim loai
Vi

Cc yu t nh hng
Hm lng oxy khng kh
m khng kh
nh sng

Qu trnh bao gi v trang tr

7.2.3. Phng php thc hin
Chun b bao b
Chun b v bao gi sn phm
Trang tr bao b
7.2.4. Vn thit b (gii thiu thit b)