Obtaining natural frequencies and mode

shape using differential equation method or

frequency method.
Q) Find i) Governing Differential Equation ii) Natural frequency
iii) Mode shape.

m1

m2

K1

K2

K3

Solution:
Assuming x2 > x1 ,
The governing differential equations are,

m1 X

m2 x

1
2

+ (K1 + K2) x1 - (K2) x2 = 0

+ (K2 + K3) x2 - (K1) x1 = 0

.......... (i)
......... (ii)

Let us assume the solution is

x1 = A1 sin t
x2 = A2 sin t

= A1 sin t ,

2
= - A1 sin t

= A2

sin t ,

2
= - A2 sin t

Substituting above values in equation (i)

2
m1 (- A1 sin t ) + (K1 + K2) A1 sin t

- K2 (A2 sin

)=0
2
- A1 m1 + (K1 + K2) A1 - K2 A2 = 0

2
A1 [(K1 + K2) - m1 ] = K2 A2
2
A1/A2 = 1/[(K1 + K2) - m1 ]

But,
K1= K2= 1 , m1= 1

2
A1/A2 = 1/(2 - )

.................. (iii)

Substituting values in eq (ii)

2
m2 (- A2 sin t ) + (K2 + K3) A2 sin t - K2 A1 sin t = 0
2
- A2 m2 + (K2 + K3) A2 - K2 A1 = 0
2
A2 [(K2 + K3) - m2 ] = K2 A1
2
A1/A2 = (2 - 2 )

.....................(iv)

Equating (iii) & (iv)

2
2
1/2 = (2 - ) (1 - )

2
2-2

2
4-6 +2

2
4

=1

= 0.5

2
-6 +3=0

Solving the equations, we get,

= 1.53 r/s

= 0.794 r/s

Now, for obtaining mode shape

For

= 1.53 r/s

2
A1/A2 = A1/A2 = (2 - 2 )

X1 /X2 = A1/A2 = -2.68

For

= 0.794 r/s

X1 /X2 = A1/A2 = 0.7392