OMF010003 Power Control

ISSUE1.4

Wireless Training Department

Course Contents

Power control overview

HWpower control
HWpower control

Power Control Overview

Power

control

Adjust the transmitting power of BTS and MS when needed.

Based on measurement reports of BTS and MS

Purpose

Save the power of BTS and MS;

Reduce the interference of the network;

Increase the quality of the network.

Power Control Overview

Power

control includes uplink power control and downlink

power control, Which are performed independently

Uplink power control: Adjust TX power of MS to let BTS receive

stable signal, reduce the uplink co-channel and adjacent channel
interference, reduce power consumption of MS.

Downlink power control: Adjust BTS TX power to let MS receive

stable signal, reduce the downlink co-channel and adjacent
channel interference, reduce power consumption of BTS.

Power Control Overview

Process

of power control commands

It takes 3 measurement report periods(480ms/period) from

command sending to execution.

BTS sends the command for power

control and TA in SACCH header.

SACCCH report period:

26X4=104 frames (480ms)

BTS receives the

measurement report

SA0 SA1 SA2 SA3 SA0 SA1 SA2 SA3 SA0 SA1 SA2 SA3
MS adopts the new
power level and TA

In the 26 multi-frames,
frame 12 sends
SACCH.
MS obtains SACCH
block

MS begins to send the

measurement report of the
last multi-frame.

MS begins to set up a new SACCH header

to report the new TA and power control
message.

Power Control Overview

Huawei

power control algorithm: HW I and HW II power control

Measurement
report preprocessing

Yes
Power control algorithm
selection

GSM0508 power control

algorithm

HW I power control

HW II power control

algorithm

algorithm

Power Control Overview

Power

control judgment and the selection of HWI algorithm or

HWII algorithm

Power control algorithm selected in power control data table

Power control judgment is controlled by BTS measurement

report pre-processing item which can be selected in handover
control data table

MR. Pre-process (measurement report pre-processing): This

switch decide where power

control be processed.

If

measurement report pre-processing is yes, power control is

processed in BTS, and when setting it no, power control is
processed in BSC.

Course Contents

Power control overview

HWpower control
HWpower control

HW I Power Control
HW

I power control

Process of HW I power control

MR pre-processing

Data configuration for HW I power control

comparison of uplink power control with downlink power control

HW I Power Control
Process

of HW I power control

Measurement report
pre-processing

Aim achieved ?

N
Power control calculation and
adjustment

HW I Power Control
Original

data of power control -- measurement report

Uplink MR

BTS

Downlink
measurement
report

Network

HW I Power Control

Measurement report

Uplink
measurement
report

Downlink
measurement
report

HW I Power Control
Measurement

report pre-processing -- interpolation

Each measurement report has a serial number. When the serial

numbers

are

discontinuous,

this

indicates

that

some

measurement reports must be missed. In this case, the network

will fill up the measurement report according to interpolation
algorithm.
Consecutive measurement report flow

MR

Measurement report
serial number n

MR

MR

MR

MR

Measurement report
serial number n+4

3 missing measurement reports

HW I Power Control
Measurement

report pre-processing -- filtering

Calculate average results of several consecutive measurement

reports to obtain the current information, reduce the influence of
some abnormal measurement reports for the judgment of power
control.

Consecutive measurement report flow

MR

MR

MR

MR

MR

Filter

MR

HW I Power Control
HW

I power control data configuration and parameter

introduction
[BTS power control table]

HW I Power Control
[BTS power control table]

HW I Power Control
[MS power control data table]

HW I Power Control

[MS power control table]

HW I Power Control
HW

I power control judgment

The adjustment on the current output power=(Expected signal
strength in stable status - strength of signal currently received) *
up (down) link compensating factor +[quality of uplink(downlink)
currently received - expected uplink(downlink) quality]*10*
uplink(downlink) quality compensating factor

The final adjustment power level should be no more than the

maximum power control step size, the formula for stable level is:
stable level = currently level + the adjustment value on current
out put power

HW I Power Control
Power

control will not occur in case of these three conditions

Both level and quality equal to the setting values (HW I power
control), or level and quality are within threshold band(HW II
power control)

Adjusting range less than error tolerance

Adjusting range less than minimum power control step

HW I Power Control
HW

I power control judgment

Before judging the signal level to be adjusted, query the error
tolerance table according to the current transmitting power level.
Adjustment will not be done if the power adjustment value is less
than the error tolerance value.

Error tolerance table for 900M and 1800M is as follows:

1800M:
0

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

Level
Error tolerance
900M
Level
Error tolerance

HW I Power Control
Comparison

uplink and downlink of HW I power control .

Similarity:
1. To avoid frequently changes of signal level, the PC interval time
between the two consecutive uplink and downlink power control are
limited.
2. To reduce the influence caused by abnormal reports, all
measurement reports should be filtered.
3. Both uplink and downlink power controls include level-specific
and quality-specific power controls.
4. Both uplink and downlink power controls have maximum power
control step size limit and compensating factor.

HW I Power Control
Comparison

uplink and downlink of HW I power control .

Differentia:
1. Including power control for the stable status, MS also has power
control when MS access the network, thus to reduce transmitting
power of MS as soon as possible.
2. For uplink, precautions are ready for increase MS transmitting
power in case HO fails.
3. For downlink, there are maximum and minimum transmitting
power limits in power control data configuration.

HW I Power Control
HW

I power control exercise

Given conditions:
900M MS transmitting at the maximum power, uplink receiving level
of the 900M BTS is 60dBm, uplink quality level is always 0.
Parameter configuration in [BTS power/MS power control table] is
as follows stable RX_LEV Expected is 35, UL RX_LEV
Compensation is 80, UL Qual. expected is 1, and UL Qual.
compensation is 20, and the max. PC step is 16dB.

Exercise
HW

I power control exercise

Question:
1. Suppose that power control will no longer be done once the
power value to be adjusted is less than 2dB, what is the
approximate stable power value after power control with the above
data configuration?
2. According to the error tolerance list, suppose the initial MS
transmitting power is level 3, what is the maximum uplink receiving
level in stable status after power control?

Exercise
HW

I power control exercise

Answers for question 1:
Stable level = current actual level + [(expected signal intensity in
stable status current actual level) * uplink path loss compensating
factor] + [actual current quality expected uplink signal quality) * 10 *
uplink quality compensating factor] = -60+[(-75-(-60))*80 ]+[(01)*10*20 ] = -60-12-2 -74dBm. Now its necessary to adjust
-14dB (no larger than the maximum power control step size), but it
needs further adjustment because it fails to reach -75dBm, the
expected signal level in stable status. Use -74 in the above formula
again for calculation, and the power to be adjusted is -2.8dB. Because
no power control adjustment will be done when the power value to be
adjusted is smaller than -2, it still needs to be changed 2dB lower, so
the uplink receiving level is -76dBm at last.

Exercise

Answers for question 2:

Query the error tolerance table, the tolerance of level 3 is 4dB, the
power to be adjusted for the second time is 2.8, which is less than 4
and up to the requirement, so the final uplink receiving level is
-74dBm in stable status.

Course Contents

Power control overview

HWpower control
HWpower control

HW I I Power Control
HW

I I power control

Power control algorithm implementation

Main feature of HW I I Power control

HW I I Power Control
Power

control judgment process

Measurement report preprocessing

The power control demand

according to the receiving
level
The power control
demand according to
receiving quality

General power control

judgement

Send the power control

command

HW I I Power Control

Power control demand based on receiving level.

After measurement report pre-processing, the power control

module makes a comparison between the expected signal level
and the current receiving signal level.

Calculate the transmitting power level step size to be adjusted,

making the receiving level value closer to the expected value.

Adopt variable step size when adjusting the transmitting power

according to the receiving level, so as to achieve the expected
level as soon as possible.

HW I I Power Control
Power

control demand based on receiving quality

After measurement report pre-processing, the power control

module makes comparison between the expected quality level
and the current receiving quality level.

Calculate the step size of the transmitting power level to be

adjusted.

Increase the transmitting power in case of poor receiving quality

Decrease the transmitting power in case of good receiving

quality

Adopt fixed step size when adjust the transmitting power

according to the receiving quality.

HW I I Power Control
General

power control judgment

HW I I Power Control
HW

I I power control

Power control algorithm implementation

Main feature of HW I I Power control

HW II Power Control
HW

II power control has the following advantages:

Measurement report compensation -- makes power control
judgment more accurate

Measurement report prediction --to avoid power control later

than needed, the delay is dangerous in case of poor level or bad
quality

Power control expected signal level and quality threshold falls

within a band, this avoids receiving signal level fluctuate up and
down frequently

HW II Power Control
Measurement

report compensation

Purpose: Ensure the accuracy of selection of the history

measurement report before filtering.

Implementation steps:
1. Put the current receiving measurement report into the measurement
report compensation queue.
2. Record the changed information of the transmitting power according
to the MS and BTS power levels in the measurement report.
3.After finish the measurement report compensation, system will
compensate the receiving level of the history measurement report
according to the power change information. The compensated
measurement reports will be the original data in the filter process.
4. Filter the compensated measurement reports.

HW II Power Control
Measurement

report compensation

Power control effect diagram of measurement report compensation

60

Diagram when there is no power control

50

Power control diagram when there is

measurement report compensation

40

Power control diagram when there is no

measurement report compensation

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20
10
0

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Y axis

70

X axis

The
Theexpected
expectedreceiving
receivingsignal
signallevel:
level:30
30
The
Thepower
powercontrol
controlwill
willbe
bemore
moreeffective
effectivewith
withmeasurement
measurementreport
report
compensation.
compensation.

HW II Power Control
Measurement

report prediction

Purpose
to avoid power control later than needed, the delay is dangerous in
case of poor level or bad quality

Implementation procedure
1. Analyze the tendency of MR by the historical measurement
reports after interpolation.
2. Guide by the tendency, to predict the values of measurement
report to be received. There are 0~3 measurement reports
prediction, which are configured on OMC.
3. Filter the interpolated, compensated and predicted measurement
reports, and implement power control judgment.

HW II Power Control
Measurement

report prediction

Diagram of power control effect comparison between prediction filter and mean filter

50
45
No power control

35

Mean filter power

control

30

Prediction filter power

control

25
20
15

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2
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50

Y axis

40

X axis

The
Theexpected
expectedreceiving
receivingsignal
signallevel:
level:30
30
The
Thepower
powercontrol
controlwith
withprediction
predictionfilter
filterwill
willbe
bemore
moreeffective
effective than
thanthat
thatwith
with
mean
filter
mean filter

HW II Power Control
Adaptive

power control:

Adaptive power control refers to changeable power control

strategy according to the communication environment, it makes
power control more effective and stable.
Automatically change the adjustable maximum step size of power
control according to different communication environment (different
receiving quality).
Adopt different power control strategies according to different
communication environments (different receiving quality and level).

HW II Power Control
Power

control within the upper/lower thresholds

As for HW II power control in case of calculating power control

step size according to signal level and quality, the signal level
and quality have upper/lower thresholds. Power control will not
execute if the signal level and quality is within the threshold
bands.

Avoid the signal level up-and-down caused by power control.

HW II Power Control
Simple

parameter configuration

All needed to do is to configure simple parameters as follows:

Signal level and quality upper/lower thresholds of up/down link
Three kinds of step sizes for adjustment by level
Step size for adjustment by quality

HW II Power Control
[HW II power control table] main parameters 1:

HW II Power Control
[HW II power control table] main parameters 2:

HW II Power Control
[HW II power control table] main parameters--3

HW II Power Control
[HW II power control table] main parameters--4

Exercise
Exercises

for HW II power control

Given conditions:
The uplink receiving level is -85dBm, the quality is level 4. Power
control algorithm is HW II.
Data configuration is as follows: Uplink signal level upper threshold:
-60dBm, uplink signal level lower threshold: - 80dBm. Uplink signal
upper quality threshold: level 0. Uplink signal lower quality
threshold: level 2. The adjustable step size of quality band 0 is
16dB, of quality band 1 is 8dB, and of quality 2 is 4 dB. The
adjustable step size for power control by quality is 4dB.

Question: What will be the uplink stable receiving level after

power control?

Exercise
Exercises

for HW II power control

Answer.
First, transmitting power to be added according to receiving level =
(uplink signal level upper threshold + uplink signal level lower
threshold)/2-actual receiving level (-60 + (-80))/2-(-85) (-70)(-85) 15dB. As the receiving quality is level 4, only adjustable
step size of quality band 2 can be used -- increase 4dB.
Second, the transmitting power to be increased according to
receiving quality = as power control adjustment step size by
quality is 4dB, thus increase 4dB, the same as adjustment by
signal level.
Therefore, according to the general judgement on power control,
4dB should be increased for adjustment either by level or by quality.

Exercise
Exercises

for HW II power control

Answer .
After the implementation of step 1 power control, the receiving level
becomes: -85dBm + 4dB=-81dBm, Suppose the quality reach
already in level 2 here, it still fails within the expected band
-80dBm~-60dBm. Therefore, it needs to be adjusted.
First: adjust by level -- repeat the previous step: adjustment by level
= (-70) (-81) = 11db, i.e. to increase 11dB. If the receiving quality
has been improved to level 2, and the adjustable step size with
quality band 1 is 8dB. Then, the result of adjustment by level is to
increase 8dB.
Second: adjustment by quality--as the receiving quality value is
between 0 and 2, Neednt adjust.
Therefore, the uplink stable receiving level = (-81) + 8 = -73dBm.