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03 GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Congestion Rate) Optimization Manual
03 GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Congestion Rate) Optimization Manual
Product Name
INTERNAL
Product
Version
Document
Version
GSM BSC
V1.1
Total 31 pages
Prepared by
2015-04-08
GSM&UMTS Network
Performance Research
Department
HUAWEI Confidential
Date
2008-05-19
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INTERNAL
Yang Chunjie
Reviewed by
Date
Reviewed by
Date
>Approved
by
Date
2015-04-08
HUAWEI Confidential
Page2, Total18
INTERNAL
Date
2008-05-19
Revision
Version
V1.0
2008-06-02
V1.0
Revision Record
Description
Author
Draft completed
Yang
00119951
Adjust the sequence of Yang
problem location and 00119951
add some suggestions of
adjusting the related
parameters
affecting
SDCCH congestion rate
according to the advices
of the experts in our
team and the experts of
network
optimization
and planning.
Chunjie
Chunjie
References
Num
ber
1
2
2015-04-08
Reference
Author
Date
HUAWEI Confidential
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Contents
1
Definition.....................................................................................................3
1.2
SDCCH Seizure...........................................................................................3
1.3
2.2
2.3
2.4
3.2
Checking Hardware.........................................................................3
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
Test Method.............................................................................................................3
5.1
5.2
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Full Spelling
Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel
1.1
Definition
The Huawei definition and formula of SDCCH congestion rate are as follows:
Definition:
Ratio of failed SDCCH seizures due to busy SDCCH to the total requests for
the SDCCH
Formula:
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he procedure of SDCCH handovers (including both the intra-BSC and interBSC handovers)
1.3
MS
BTS
BSC
Channel Request
Channel Required
Channel ACT
A1
B1
Channel ACTACK
Immediate assignment Command
The faults on BTS, BSC, and Abis interface, such as broken LAPD link, cause
the SDCCH congestion. The alarm "Excessive Loss of E1/T1 Signals in an Hour" also
causes the SDCCH congestion.
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The heavy traffic and burst traffic cause the SDCCH congestion. Proper setting
of the number of SDCCHs and TCHs, and the SDCCH dynamic conversion function
can relieve the congestion.
2.3
The SDCCH congestion relates to the relevant parameters of the BSC such as
SDCCH Availability, LAC and T3101 (the timer used in the immediate assignment
procedure), and T3212 (the timer used for periodic updating). If these parameters are
set correctly, the SDCCH congestion can be relieved. In addition, if the assignment
procedure is set to Late Assignment, the time of the SDCCH being occupied
increases, which may lead to congestion.
2.4
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Faults on the TRX, BTS, and transmission may cause SDCCH congestion.
To see whether there are faults on the hardware, query the alarms of transmission,
board communication, CDU VSWR, and clock. In addition, query transmissionrelated traffic counters such as the CRC frames received by the BTS on the LAPD
link in the LAPD performance measurement.
3.2.2
Query the traffic statistics to see whether the traffic volume on the SDCCH and
TCH are higher than the normal value. If the congestion is caused by excessive traffic
on the SDCCH, for multi-TRX BTSs, enable SDCCH dynamic allocation function or
increase the number of SDCCH channels to relieve the congestion. For cells with only
one TRX or without extra channels, enable the very early immediate assignment
procedure. In the very early immediate assignment procedure, the TCH channel is
immediately assigned when the SDCCH has no available resource during the
processing of access request. In this case, a TCH can be used as only one SDCCH,
which is a waste of the TCH resources. For the method of computing the capacity,
refer to the Guide to Capacity Planning.
Some counters related to the BSC6000 are listed in the following table.
Ca
BSC-Level
Cell-Level
use
s
Tra Help of Performance Counter TS3010: Traffic Volume of
ffic Reference
>
BSC Signaling Channels (SDCCH)
Lo Measurement
>
Access CS3010: MRs on Signaling
ad Measurement per BSC
Channels (SDCCH)
SDCCH Congestion Rate CS3023: Traffic Volume of Speech
(overflow) (%)
Service on SDCCH
ZK3004: Traffic Volume on CS3024: Traffic Volume of Short
SDCCH per BSC
Message Service on SDCCH
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3.2.3
None
.
INTERNAL
The SDCCH congestion relates to the parameter settings of the BSC. If the
parameters are set correctly, the SDCCH congestion can be relieved.
1. LAC planning: The LAC setting is very important to the network performance.
If the LAC is too great, the signaling flow increases during the paging in the BTSs
within the LA, and thus the network load increases. If the LAC is too small, the
number of MS location updating increases, and thus the signaling flow of the system
increases, which may lead to the SDCCH congestion. Therefore, proper planning of
LA can reduce the SDCCH congestion.
2. SDCCH dynamic allocation: Enabling the SDCCH dynamic allocation
function reduces the SDCCH congestion, but also decreases the utilization of the TCH
resources. To prevent this problem, set the relevant counters according to the actual
situations.
3. Set relevant timers such as T3101 and T3212 properly.
Setting the T3101 to a small value can effectively reduce the congestion caused
by double SDCCH allocation. If the T3101 is set to an over-great value, the signaling
resources are occupied for a long period, which leads to a waste of resources. To
optimize the utilization of the signaling resources, set T3101 to a small value,
especially when enabling the queuing function.
Setting T3212 to a great value can decrease the SDCCH load caused by
periodical location updating. If the T3212 is too great, the MS possibly sends no
request for location updating. In this case, the MS is identified as implicit off-line, and
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the system displays "The subscriber you dial is power off" even though the called MS
is on.
The setting of RACH Min.Access Level may cause SDCCH congestion. If this
parameter is set too small, the interference signal access increases and excessive
SDCCH requests are initiated, thus leading to the SDCCH congestion. If the
parameter is set too great, call failures may occur though there are signals. Therefore,
set the parameter according to the actual BTS sensitivity, the lowest MS access level
and the interference.
5. In the assignment procedure, if the late assignment is enabled, the calling MS
always occupies the SDCCH during the period of waiting for the called party to pick
up the phone. Therefore, the time of the SDCCH occupation increases and other MSs
may fail to request the SDCCH, thus leading to the SDCCH congestion.
6. The setting of RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN also causes the SDCCH congestion. If
the RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN is set too small, the number of MSs that access the
network increases. When the MS requests MOC or location updating, the SDCCH
congestion may occur.
7. The setting of MS MAX Retrans also causes the SDCCH congestion. To
increase the paging success rate, MS MAX Retrans is increased. The BSC may
assign multiple SDCCHs to a single MS. Thus, the SDCCH congestion rate increases.
8. Improper setting of power also causes the SDCCH congestion. If the power of
the main BCCH is set normal but the power of the TCH on the non-main BCCH TRX
is set too small, a power difference band forms. When an MS requests the SDCCH
successfully in the power difference band, the TCH cannot be occupied and the time
of the SDCCH occupation increases, thus leading to congestion. For details, see
section 5.1 "Congestion Caused by Improper Configuration of Power"
3.2.4
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Test Method
The SDCCH congestion rate is one of the KPIs, which can be obtained through
the registration or reporting of the related KPIs. Generally, SDCCH congestion rate is
not measured through drive tests because of the limited samples, incomplete test
routes, and the irregular occurrence of the congestion in areas with low traffic.
At present, the vendors and mobile operators use different formulas to calculate
the SDCCH congestion rate, thus leading to different values of this counter. In actual
measurement, you should register the specific counters and use an appropriate
formula to calculate the value of the counter.
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4. Check the LAC of this BTS and find that it is 0500. The LACs of the cells
near this BTS are 0520. Change the LAC of this BTS into 0520. During busy hours,
the number of SDCCH seizure requests becomes 298, the congestion rate becomes 0,
and the traffic volume becomes 0.27 Erl.
Suggestion and Summary
1. Plan the LAC according to the geographical locations and habits of the MSs to
minimize the location updates at the edge of a Lifer example, the traffic volume is
high in urban areas. If there are more than two LAs, the mountains, rivers, or other
natural resources should be set as the boundary of the LA to minimize coverage
overlapping of different cells in two neighboring Lassie there is no mountain or river,
the streets or the place with heavy traffic (for example malls) should not be set as the
boundary of the LA. Generally, the boundary of the LA should not be parallel or
vertical to the streets but beveled to the streets. Generally, in rural-urban fringe zone,
the boundary of an LA should be set in the area with least traffic instead of in the area
with high traffic to avoid frequent location updates. The value of LAC should not be
set too great or too small. It is recommended that the number of TRXs be not more
than 300.
2. When changing the LAC, note that the cells cannot have the same CGI. If the
LAC is changed on the BSS side, the LAC should be changed on the MSC side
accordingly.
The SDCCH congestion rate can be obtained through the analysis of the traffic
statistics. Therefore, if the SDCCH congestion rate on site is too high, send a
feedback about the relevant traffic statistics to the headquarters.
The information that needs to be sent is shown as follows:
1. The configuration files (.DAT files) of the faulty cell or BSC, and the version
number of the BSC software and BTS software;
2. The alarm logs of the faulty cell;
3. The RSL tracing data of the faulty cell;
4. The interference measurement report of the faulty cell (TRX-level);
5. The list of the cells with high SDCCH congestion rate, and the traffic statistics
(cell-level) of the faulty cell (including the congestion rate, signaling
availability and traffic volume)
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TRX-Level
R4400A:
Attempted
Immediate
Assignments
(SDCCH)
R4400B:
Immediate
(SDCCH)
Successful
Assignments
R4430A:
Attempted
Handovers (SDCCH)
R4430B:
Completed
Handovers (SDCCH)
S4350D:
Radio
Failures (SDCCH)
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Link
Availability
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A3030J:
Call
Setup
Indications (LCS) (SDCCH)
A3030K:
Call
Setup
Indications
(Others)
(SDCCH)
H3500: Outgoing Inter-RAT
Inter-Cell
Handover
Requests
(SDCCH)
(Excluding Directed Retry)
H3510: Outgoing Inter-RAT
Inter-Cell
Handover
Commands
(SDCCH)
(Excluding Directed Retry)
H3240:
Number
of
Incoming Internal Inter-Cell
Handover
Detection
Messages Received by BSC
(SDCCH)
H3040: Number of Internal
Intra-Cell
Handover
Detection
Messages
Received by BSC (SDCCH)
H3440: Incoming External
Inter-Cell
Handover
Detection
Messages
Received by BSC (SDCCH)
H3600: Incoming Inter-RAT
Inter-Cell
Handover
Requests (SDCCH)
H3520: Failed Outgoing
Inter-RAT
Inter-Cell
Handovers
(SDCCH)
(Excluding Directed Retry)
S3010A: MRs on Signaling
Channels
(SDCCH)
(M900/850 Cell)
S3010B: MRs on Signaling
Channels
(SDCCH)
(M1800/1900 Cell)
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