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Li Cm n
Phn I
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
o tc .
o di trc.
Sau khi qua tuabin (bin nhit nng thnh c
o mc.
o chn khng.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Nhit .
o mc.
o p sut.
o lu lng.
M hnh phn cp
1. Cp iu hnh sn xut
Chc nng:
Gim st s hot ng ca ton nh my.
Bao gm:
2 my PC: Supervisor PC1 (sup1) v Supervisor PC2 (sup2) .
V tr: t ti to nh hnh chnh (Admin building)
Cc my tnh HISTORIAN, mi khi c mt my.
Tm hiu phn o lng iu khin ca nh my nhit
in Ph Li 2
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
V tr : t ti phng lp trnh.
Mi khi c mt my HISTORIAN c t trong phng lp trnh.
Cc my tnh HISTORIAN c dung lng ln lu tr cc thng tin vn
hnh ca nh my . l h thng qun l d liu PI (Plant Information
System) c ci t OSI. Cc my HISTORIAN ny nhn thng tin l tt
c cc Tag-name t FCS gi ln v tt c cc thng tin t h thng SOE
(Sequence Of Event) a ti.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Chc nng:
- Phn quyn cho cc trm giao din HIS.
- Thc hin vic lp trnh, theo di s lm vic ca nh my, thc
hin sa i chng trnh cho cc trm iu khin khu vc.
Cc <I>PC ca h thng Mark V
c t ti phng iu khin trung tm.
mi khi c mt trm giao din <I>PC (<I> l vit tt ca
Interface) . l my PC theo di hot ng ca h thng tua bin-my
pht ( do h thng Mark V iu khin), mn hnh giao din DOS.
Cc trm MMI ti cc h thng ph (PLC)
c t cc trm h thng ph.
cc h thng ph PLC u c gim st bi h thng DCS
thng qua Modbus nhng cc h thng ph ny thng c iu khin
trc tip ti trm thng qua cc my tnh MMI ( c ci t giao din
Citect)
3. Cp iu khin.
Chc nng:
T ng iu khin cc thit b theo chng trnh np sn v
cc thng s t t cp trn.
Bao gm:
Cc trm iu khin trng FCS
Cc FCS ch yu thuc loi LFCS, p ng vi yu cu ca h
thng l s lng u vo/ra ln. Ngoi ra cn c cc PFCS ch yu
ni vi cc h thng ph.
Cc trm iu khin trng c phn tn theo tng chc nng
tng khi.
H thng PLC
Trong nh my, cc h thng PLC c ni vi h thng DCS
thng qua mt card c t trn FCS (loi Compact Type FCS).
H thng GE Mark V.
y l h thng dng iu khin tua bin, mi khi c mt t
Mark V
H thng Mark V c ni t FCS 0101( khi 1) v FCS0201 (
khi 2).
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Vic truyn thng gia giao din vn hnh <I> v cc Panel iu
khin MarkV thc hin bi phng thc kt ni mng Stage Link ca h
thng iu khin. Trong cu hnh n gin nht ca n, Stage Link ni
mt Panel iu khin tuabin Mark V ti my tnh <I> n qua mt on
n. Tuy nhin tp ca cch truyn thng ny c th c m rng ph
hp vi nhiu my tnh <I> v /hoc nhiu Panel iu khin. V d mt
giao din ngi vn hnh n c th c cu hnh pht ra cc lnh
hoc nhn d liu t 8 b Mark V iu khin tuabin kh/hi. Hn na,
nhiu my tnh <I> c th xm nhp ti Stage Link-mi my tnh <I> lin
lc vi nhiu Panel iu khin. Theo cch ny, Stage Link cung cp tng
cng tnh linh hot i vi vic thit lp hiu qu truyn thng m c th
p ng vi vng ring bit cn thit.
Stage Link c thit k c bit thc hin nhng vic cn thit
iu khin tuabin theo a ch nh vic downloading, uploading phn
mm gia Mark V v my tnh <I>, pht cc lnh, qun l bo ng v
vic gim st. Giao din h thng iu khin DCS ti Mark V thng qua
lin kt truyn thng ring ti my tnh <I>, in hnh l vic s dng giao
thc Modbus.
4. Cp chp hnh
Bao gm cc thit b o lng, chuyn i v truyn tn hiu, v d
nh:
Cc trm iu khin ti ch (cc trm in t dng ca nh my :
cc trm 6,6kV, 400V)
- Cc van kh nh: MBS-CV0123, MBS-CV0143
- Cc van in nh : MBC-DMP0105, MBC-DMP0106
- Cc van thu lc nh: FWS-HYV174.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Phn II
I - nhim v th
ng h trng hc lm cc cng vic sau:
o m gi hin th trn ng h chnh v ng h con.
Bo chung cho ng h cc lp .
Bo nhit cho cc lp hc.
Lm vic ch 24 gi.
C phm n khi ng ng h v t ch cho
n.
t li gi.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
- ng h m s c t trung tm ca trng ng h
con s c t cc lp hc hoc hnh lang cc khu ging ng.
Mi lp hc s c mt chung hoc mi khu ging ng s c mt
hoc nhiu chung v ng h m s iu khin vic nh
chung cc lp hc hoc cc khu ging ng mt cch ng
thi v chnh xc.
- Phng thc truyn t ng h m n ng h con l phng thc truyn tin theo kiu ng b tng bt. y l mt ch
truyn tin rt ph thng, d liu truyn i chnh xc m
khng cn bt c mt protocol no.
- Ngun cung cp cho ng h m l ngun xoay chiu
220V. Ngun cung cp cho ng h con ly t ng h m hoc
c th ly t ngun ni t ng h con.
- ng h s dng cc linh kin ph bin trn th trng, c
th lp t sa cha thay th d dng.
chnh xc 10C
in p ngun nui : 5
Di lm vic :
18V
Ch lin tc t :
-400C
1000C.
1000C1250C
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Vi mch LM335 c ng v IC dng TO-92 c ba chn. Hai
chn cung cp ngun 1 v 2, u ra ly trn chn s 2. Chn
s 3 dng hiu chnh in p u ra.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
LCD
EN CHAN 6
CHAN 11 P3.1
R/W CHAN 5
CHAN 10 P3.0
RS(D/C) CHAN 4
CHAN 15 P3.5
VXL
CHAN 14
P3.4
C
(P1.0)
B
(P1.1)
A
(P1.2)
+(3)
-(4)
OK(5)
RETURN(1)
CS _ CHAN 28 (P2.7)
FUNC(2)
IRQ _ CHAN 13 ( INT1)
LOA
CHAN 6
P1.5
PHIM
CHUONG
V - s khi.
Bn
phm
Real time
clock
DS12887
Khi o
nhit
Khi bin
i
ADC
Hin th LCD
Khi vi x l 89C52
Khi bo
chung
Mch
truyn tin
ng h con
LED
10
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
VI - mch nguyn l :
Khi c ngun cung cp th vi x l s hot ng v c
s liu thu c v thi gian t DS12887 v nhit t
ADC0809.
Sau s liu s c a ra v hin th trn mn hnh
LCD v LED ng thi c th ko chung bo thi gian.
Thng tin truyn t ng h m sang ng h con c
khuch i nhiu ln m bo dng truyn ln.
Giao tip vi ngi s dng thng qua bn phm t
thi gian v gi pht giy, ngy thng nm hoc t ch
nh chung bo thi gian.
in tr.
T in.
IC n p 7805,7912,7812.
11
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
a. Cc thng s k thut ca ADC0809:
-
S chn ca ADC0809:
ADC0809
26
27
28
1
2
3
4
5
12
16
REF+
REF-
25
24
23
22
11
IN0
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
A0
A1
A2
9
6
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
EOC
CLK
17
14
15
8
18
19
20
21
7
10
ALE
OE
ST ART
VCC
12
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Bng la chn :
C
Li vo kch hot
In0
In1
In2
In3
In4
In5
In6
In7
13
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
c iu khin bng hai bit P1.2v P1.3 ca 89C52 ADC s phi
mt khong 100s bin i.
Ngoi ra ADC bin i gi tr in p ra gi tr s th phi
c mt xung Start, xung ny c pht ra t cng P1.2 ca vi x l
mi khi cn c gi tr nhit
th hot ng ca ADC nh sau:
Start-ALE
120ms
OE
DATA
14
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
10
11
DS12887
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
RST
MOT
AS
DS
R/W
CS
SQW
18
1
14
17
15
23
19
IR Q
13
4
5
6
7
8
9
15
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Thi gian lch v alarm c thit lp hoc khi to bng
cch vit vo cc byte RAM thch hp. Chng c th nh di
dng binary hoc BCD.
Trc khi vit vo thanh ghi thi gian lch v alarm, bit set
thanh ghi B nn vit l 1 trnh update. Hn na, khi vit
vo nhng thanh ghi th ch ch BCD hay binary,
data mode bit DM ca thanh ghi B cn phi chn mc logic
thch hp.
Cu to v chc nng ca cc chn:
- Chn GND, Vcc :
Ngun mt chiu cung cp cho thit b nhng chn ny.
Vcc l chn ngun 5V. Khi Vcc c cung cp, thit b c th truy
cp v d liu c th c c hoc ghi. Vcc< 4,25 vic c v
vit b ngn chn. Tuy nhin vic lu gi thi gian s khng b
nh hng bi mc in p thp u cung cp.
Vcc < 3V th RAM v b lu gi thi gian s c cung cp bng
ngun nng lng bn trong.
- Chn 1 : Mot ( Mode select) chn 2 loi bus l Motorola
bus timing hoc Intel bus timing, c in tr treo bn trong xp
x 20 K .
- Chn 23 : SQW (Square Wave-Output).
SQW c th c tn hiu ra t 1 15 trng thi. Tn s ra ca
SQW t 256 Hz 2Hz tc l chu k 3,90625 500 ms.
Tn s ca chn SQW c th thay i nh lp trnh thanh ghi
A, tn hiu SQW c th bt tt bng cch s dng bit SQWE
thanh ghi B. Tn hiu SQW khng c gi tr khi Vcc < 4,25 V.
- AD0 AD7 : multiplex Bidirection Address/ Data bus (4
11).
Bus a hp gi cc chn v thng tin a ch v d liu cng
trn mt ng tn hiu.
ng a ch xut hin trong phn u tin ca mt chu
k bus v cc chn khc cng vy, ng tn hiu s c s
dng cho d liu phn th 2 ca chu k. Tch hp c a ch
v d liu s khng lm chm tin trnh truy nhp thi gian
ca DS12887 khi bus chuyn t a ch t ng a ch
sang ng d liu trong thi gian truy nhp RAM trong. Nhng
a ch ny phi c gi tr u tin ti mc thp ca AS/ALE v ti
thi gian y DS12887 cht a ch t AD0 AD6.
Tm hiu phn o lng iu khin ca nh my nhit
in Ph Li 2
16
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Gi tr d liu nu cn phi hin hnh v gi n nh
trong qu trnh cng tip theo sau (ca DS hoc xung WR )
1 chu k c ca DS12887 a ra 8 bits ca d liu trong qu
trnh sau ( ca cng DS hoc xung RD ) mt chu k c c
kt thc v bus tr li trng thi tr khng cao khi DS dch xung
thp trong trng hp Motorola hoc RD mc cao vi Intel.
- Chn 14 : AS ( Address Strobe Input ) AS/ALE thp th
a ch cht trong DS12887 sn ln tip theo.
- Chn 17 : DS ( Data Strobe or Read Input ).
Chn DS / RD c hai ch hot ng ph thuc vo mc
ca chn MOT. Khi chn MOT c ni vi Vcc th bus Motorola
c chn. Ti ch ny, DS l mt xung dng trong chu k
bus tip theo v c tn l data strobe. Trong chu k c, khi c
tn hiu DS thi gian ny th DS12887 s iu khin bus 2
chiu , trong chu k vit DS12887 cht d liu c vit.
MOT ni t th bus Intel c chn v DS c gi l RD .
Khi c tn hiu RD th DS12887 s iu khin bus vi d liu
c.
- Chn 15 : R/ W (Read/ Write Input) .
C 2 ch hot ng:
. Khi MOT ni t th bus Intel c chn v R/ W l tn
hiu tch cc thp ta gi l output enable write, ch
ny chn R/ W c cng ngha nh tn hiu cho php vit (
WE ) RAM chung.
. Khi MOT ni Vcc th bus Motorola c chn R: high, W :
low.
CS ( Chip-Slect Input ) : lun mc thp c th truy cp.
CS cn c gi trng thi tch cc ny trong DS v AS i
Motorola v RD / WR vi Intel.
- Chn 19 : IRQ l mt u ra tch cc thp ca
DS12887 v vy c th c s dng nh l mt ngt u vo
i vi b vi x l.
- Chn 18 : Re set (Reset Input ) chn ny khng nh hng
ti ng h, lch thi gian hoc RAM v 4 bytes iu
khin v t trng thi.
C 3 ngt l : software, maskable, testable.
Time-of-day alarm once/second to once /day
Periodic rates from 120ms to 550ms.
End-of-clock update cycle.
3. vi x l 89C52
Tm hiu phn o lng iu khin ca nh my nhit
in Ph Li 2
17
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
R?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
13
12
15
14
31
19
18
9
17
16
P10/T
P11/T
P12
P13
P14
P15
P16
P17
P00
P01
P02
P03
P04
P05
P06
P07
INT1
INT0
P20
P21
P22
P23
P24
P25
P26
P27
T1
T0
EA/VP
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
X1
X2
RESET
RD
WR
RXD
TXD
ALE/P
PSEN
10
11
30
29
89C52
3
Cng P0: Ni
vi 8 ng d liu ca 4 ADC, LCD, RTCv
ng h
Cng P1:
+ P1.0, P1.1, P1.2
iu khin phm.
+ P1.3, P1.4
iu khin vic c s liu t ADC.
+ P1.6, P1.7
Truyn t ng h m sang ng
h con.
+ P1.5
iu khin nh chung.
Cng P2: P2.7
iu khin hot ng ca RTC
Cng P3:
18
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
+ P3.0,P3.1,P3.5
ca LCD.
+ P3.2 (INT0)
+ P3. 3(INT1)
19
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
STT
K hiu
mc logic
1
2
3
VSS
VCC
VEE
RS
H/L
R/W
H/L
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
DB0
DB1
DB2
DB3
DB4
DB5
DB6
DB7
chc nng
ch thch
0V (Ground)
5V (Supply)
Ngun
cung
cp iu
khin cho LCD H:chn thanh ghi vo cho d
Chn thanh ghi liu.
L:Chn thanh ghi vo cho
iu khin.
Hot ng ca LCD
Ch hin th:
Mn hnh hin th c hai dng. B iu khin LCD c
cha b nh RAM c kh nng lu 80 k t, b nh ny gi l
DDRAM. Bnh thng ta c th nhn thy 20 k t trn mi
dng, tc l c 40 k t trng thi nhn thy c hai dng,
cn li l khng nhn thy c (ti mt thi im). Cc k t
khng nhn thy c th c nhn thy thng qua vic dch
ton b mn hin th v pha bn phi hoc tri i mt
notch.
20
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
v chn ch c hay vit. Tn hiu ny tch cc mc
logic cao theo sn ln L-H-L. D liu c a vo trong khi E
tch cc.
DL
Trong :
DL= 0 cho 4 bit
1 cho 8 bit
N = 0 cho loi hin th l 1 dng
1 cho loi hin th l 2 dng
F = 0 cho Font 5x7
1 cho Font 5x10
x : khng cn quan tm.
Ch nhp (Entry Mode):
Khi vit ln LCD, cn phi t con tr ti mt v tr no ,
vi thuc tnh l t ng tng hay gim sau khi vit xong 1 k
t. Cng vic ny c xc nh bng Entry mode. T iu
khin cho entry mode l:
0
I/D
21
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Trong
I/D =
bn tri.
A
6
A
5
A
4
A
3
A
2
A1
A0
Trong A0 n A6 l a ch ca DDRAM.
i vi mt mn hin th 2 dng th a ch ny l 0 n 27H
vi dng 1 v 40 n 67H vi dng 2.
Cc thuc tnh ca con tr (n/ hin/ nhp nhy):
Con tr c th khng nhn thy trn mn hin th, mc
d vn tr ti v tr ca k t tip theo s a ln mn hnh
( bnh thng con tr c th coi nh l du gch chn k t). K
t ti v tr con tr tr ti c th b che, khng nhn thy c
bng thuc tnh Blink (nhp nhy). T iu khin cho thuc
tnh ny l:
0
22
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Trong :
D = 1 hin th
0
tt.
C = 1 bt con tr
0 tt
B = 1 thuc tnh nhp nhy
0 khng phi thuc tnh nhp nhy.
Di chuyn con tr trn mn hin th:
Con tr hay ton b nhng g c th thy trn mn hin th c
th dch sang tri hoc sang phi bng t iu khin nh sau:
0
S/C
R/L
Xo hin th:
Xo hin th l t vo ton b DDRAM mt k t trng
c m ASCII l 20H v t con tr v tr u (Home Cursor)
nh trnh by trn. T iu khin cho cng vic ny l:
0
AC6
AC5
AC4
AC3
AC2
AC1
AC0
Trong : BF l c bn.
AC0 n AC6 l 7 bit ca b m a ch.
Bng tm tt cc t iu khin cho vic iu khin LCD nh
sau
Instruction RS Rw D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Hot ng
Xo hin
th
23
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Home
cursor
Entry mode 0
Hin th vi
con tr
0
bt/tt
Function set 0
0 0 0 0 0 D C B
0 0 1 DL N F
Power
on
Int stack
int RTC
int LCD
cho php
ngt
Wait
int
Tm hiu phn o lng iu khin ca nh my nhit
in Ph Li 2
24
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
25
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Int-RTC
Xo c UF.
c pht v ghi vo
acc.
Nhy giy
Pht mi
= pht c
Yes
Reti
No
Chp pht mi vo.
c gi v
ghi vo acc.
c
nhit v hin th.
Gi mi =
gi c
Yes
Reti
No
Chp gi mi vo.
c ngy v
ghi vo acc.
Ngy mi
= ngy
c
Reti
26
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Thng mi
= thng
c
Yes
Reti
No
Chp thng mi vo.
c nm v
ghi vo acc.
Nm mi
= nm c
Yes
Reti
No
Chp nm mi vo.
Reti
27
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Int-Key
P1 = 05
h
Yes
Lcall Func.
Yes
Lcall Inckey
Yes
Lcall deckey
Yes
Lcall OK
Yes
Lcall Run
No
P1 = 01h
No
P1 = 06h
No
P1 = 02h
No
P1 = 03h
No
Reti
28
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Mc Lc
29
Bo co thc tp tt nghip
30