(Electric Motor)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. (Motor Nameplate or Motor Rating Plate)
7.
8.
9.

1.
.
. 2 , 3 submittal ,
.
. (electric motor) ,
( ) .
.
, , Nameplate
. .
(electric motor) .

2.
1)
( ) (split phase motor)
( ) (capacitor start motor)

(single
phase induction motor)

( ) (PSC motor, permanent

split capacitor motor)
( ) (shaded pole motor)

(induction motor)

- ( ) (capacitor
start-capacitor run motor)

() (squirrel cage induction motor)

(three phase
induction motor)

() (wound-rotor induction
motor)

(single
(synchronous

phase synchronous motor)

motor)

(three phase
synchronous motor)
()(series-wound motor)
()(shunt-wound motor)

(brush d.c.

Wound-field motor
()(compound motor)

motor)

()(separately excited motor)

Permanent magnet motor
(brushless
d.c. motor)

(universal
motor)

2)
(1)(open type motor)
.
(2)(enclosed type motor)
.
"" (hermetic compressor) (hermetic motor)

3)
(1)(fractional size motor)
1 .
(2)(integral size motor)
1 .

3.

1) (, induction motor)
(stator) (rotor) , (, winding) .
(rotating magnetic field) .
(alternating

magnetic field) .

.
Brush Brush .
.
.
(constant speed) .
slip .

2) (, synchronous motor)
(stator) (rotor) , (poles)
brush slip ring .
.
, .
. (slip .)
1 .
.
.
convey belt , timing motor .

3)
, (field poles) Frame Frame
, (armature) (commutator) Brush .
wound-field motor permanent magnet motor . permanent magnet motor
, wound-field motor (pole piece) (field winding) .
180
, .

 , .
(electronic switching technique) .
, .

.
(12 V) .
.
.

4) (universal motor)
, .
() (series-wound motor) .
, .

5) (single phase induction motor)

, .
, (start winding) . (run winding) .
1 - 2 hp .

6) ( ) (split phase motor)

(stator), (rotor), (end plate or bracket), (centrifugal switch) 4

.
(squirrel cage winding) , (running winding) (starting
winding)
.
(centrifugal switch) , on
75% off , .

 , , (, , )
.

7) ( ) (capacitor start motor)

, .
Capacitior() oil-filled, or running, capacitor( ) starting, or electrolytic, capacitor (
) 2 .
starting capacitor 75 ~ 600 F
, running capacitor
2 ~ 60 F . running capacitor starting capacitor
, running capacitor starting capacitor .
, 10 ,
.

8) ( ) (PSC motor, permanent split capacitor motor)

. .
, .
oil-filled capacitor , .

9) ( ) (shaded pole motor)

(salient) (shading coil) .
shading coil

shading coil , .
.

, (stall) .

FCU fan, condensing unit fan, , record player .

10) - ( )
(CSR motor, capacitor start-capacitor run motor)
running capacitor , ,
.
, .

11) (three phase induction motor)

.
.
(star winding or Y winding) (delta winding) .
, 1 . ( .)
, .
. .
Y(wye) (Y winding) - Name Plate - (* 1)

(* 1) : ( , ) 123 , 4-70, 4-71 .

(delta winding) - Name Plate

12)() (squirrel cage induction motor)

(shorting ring) ,
squirrel cage .
.
( 500 - 650 %) , .
100 - 150 % .

13)() (wound-rotor induction motor)

3 ( wye ), Slip Ring .
.
.
100 - 150 % , 100 - 150 % ,
.
.

14)()(series-wound motor)
.
, .
, , , .

15)()(shunt-wound motor)
.
.( )
, blower, .

16)()(compound motor)
.
cumulative compound motor( ) differential compound motor( ) .

17)()(separately excited motor)

.

4.
1)
(V)

(Hz)

60

110/220

220/380

50

220

380

50

240

415

60

230

400

60

127/220

220/380

50

240

415

50

220

380

50

220/240

280/415

50

220

380

50

240

415

50

127/220

220/380

50

220

380

50

220

380

50

220

380

60

120

208/240

60

127

220

2)

. .

 axial fan , fan 3 phase400V-60Hz , 3 phase-415V-60Hz

.
, Requirements Specification . ?
(A) .
Supplier , Supplier .
, Supplier Requirements , Supplier nameplate
.
Standards .
NEMA

UL

IEC

ISO

. , .
Insulation class F, Insulation class H, motor space heater, S.F. 1.4, IP 54

5.
1)
: 1962 , , KSISO ,
.
KSC - 4002 :
KSC - 4201 : 3
KSC - 4202 : 3
KSC - 4203 : 3
KSC - 4204 :
KSC - 4205 :
http://standard.ksa.or.kr/

2)
JISC - 4210 : 3

3)
NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association)
. 500 ,
, .
NEMA MG 1 : Motors and Generators
NEMA MG 7 : Motion/Position Control Motors, Controls, and Feedback Devices
UL (Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.)
1894 . .
UL UL Mark .
ANSI/UL 1004 : Electric Motors
ANSI/UL 674 : Electric Motors and Generators for Use in Division 1 Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 519 : Impedance-Protected Motors
ANSI/UL 547 : Thermal Protectors for Motors
NEMA http://www.nema.org/
UL http://www.ul.com/

4)
IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)
1906 .
50 . (Central Office) Geneva )
IEC 60034-1 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 1 : Rating and Performance
IEC 60034-2 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 2 : Methods for determining losses and efficiency of
rotating electrical machinery from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles)
IEC 60034-3 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 3: Specific requirements for turbine-type synchronous
IEC 60034-4 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 4 : Methods for determining synchronous machine

machines

quantities from tests

IEC 60034-5 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 5 : Classification of degrees of protection provided by

enclosures of rotating electrical

machines (IP code)

IEC 60034-6 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 6 : Methods of cooling (IC code)
IEC 60034-7 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 7 : Classification of types of constructions and mounting

arrangements (IM code)

IEC 60034-8 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 8 : Terminal markings and direction of rotating mschines
IEC 60034-9 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 9 : Noise limits
IEC 60034-10 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 10 : Conventions for description of synchronous

machines

IEC 60034-11 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 11 : Built-in thermal protection

IEC 60034-12 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 12 : Starting performance of single-speed three-phase

cage induction motors for voltages

up to and including 660 V.

IEC 60034-14 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 14 : Mechanical vibration of certain machines with shaft

heights 56 mm and higher -

Measurement, evaluation and limits of vibration.

IEC 60034-15 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 15 : Impulse voltage withstand levels of rotating a.c. machines with form-wound stator coils
IEC 60034-16 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 16 : Excitation for synchronous machines
IEC 60034-17 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 17 : Cage induction motors when fed from converters - Application guide
IEC 60034-18 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 18 : Functional evaluation of insulation systems
IEC 60034-19 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 19 : Specific test methods for d.c. machines on

conventional and rectfier-fed supplies

IEC 60034-22 : Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 22 : AC generators for reciprocating internal combustion engine driven generating sets
(Note) : Amendment list .
IEC http://www.iec.ch/

6. (Motor Nameplate or Motor Rating Plate)

( ) , Operation/Maintenance Manual , Commissioning ,
...., ,
.
.
. KS , NEMA
IEC . KS, NEMA,
IEC , .
KS (KS C 4002, 12. "")

NEMA (Section MG 1-10.40 "Nameplate Marking for Medium Single-Phase and Polyphase

Induction Motors")

(Nameplate) .
Manufacturer's type and frame designation
Horse power output
Time rating
Maximum ambient temperature for which motor is designed
Insulation system designation
RPM at rated load
Frequency
Number of phase
Rated load current
Voltage
Code letter for locked rotor kVA
Design letter for medium motors
NEMA nominal efficiency when required by MG 1-12.55
Service factor if other than 1.0
For motors equipped with thermal protectors, the words "thermally protected" if the motor

provides all the protection described in MG

1-12.52.
For motors rated above 1 hp equipped with over-temperature devices or systems, the word
as described in MG 1-12.53 inserted in the blank would

"OVER TEMP. PROT. - "

A type number

identify the protection type.

IEC (IEC 60034-1, Part 1, Section 9 "Rating Plates") (Rating Plates) .

manufacturer's name
manufacturer's serial number
year of manufacture
manufacturer's machine code
number of phases
rating and performance
degrre of protection
thermal classification or the limit of temperature rise
class of rating
rated output
rated voltage

rated frequency
rated current
rated speed
3 phase connection diagram or text
permissible over speed
rated power factor
maximum ambient air temperature (40C ))
minimum ambient air temperature (-15C )
altitude (1,000 m )
total mass of the machine (, 30 Kg )

1)Voltage (VOLTS)
Voltage rated voltage() , .

. "208 - 230/460" volt motor

230 volt 460 volt 208 volt , 208 volt .
AHU 400 volt 415 volt ?
claim 400 volt ,
. "1996 ASHRAE Handbook, Chapter 39 Motors and Motor Control"(p 39.1) .
"Motors are usually guaranteed to operate satisfactorily and to deliver their full power (1) at the rated frequency and at a voltage 10% above or
below rating, or (2) at the rated voltage and at a frequency 5% above or below rating."

2)Frequency (Hz)
Frequency rated frequency() , . 50
60 Hz .

3)Phase
. .

4)Current (AMPS)
Current Rated load curent() , ampere
.
"SF MAX AMPS" "MAX A"
*Full-Load Amps (F.L.A) or Full-Load Current
. .
5)Locked-Rotor Amps (L.R.A) or Inrush Current
. rotor (locked)
. 500 - 650 % .

6)Code (KVA CODE)

Locked-Rotor kVA A inrush current . "KVA CODE E" "KVA
CODE L" inrush current .
CODE LETTER

kVA/HP

CODE LETTER

kVA/HP

0.00 - 3.14

9.0 - 9.99

3.15 - 3.54

10.0 -11.19

3.55 - 3.99

11.2 - 12.49

4.0 - 4.49

12.5 -13.99

4.5 - 4.99

14.0 - 15.99

5.0 - 5.59

16.0 - 17.99

5.6 - 6.29

18.0 - 18.99

6.3 - 7.09

20.0 - 22.39

7.1 - 7.99

22.4 and up

8.0 - 8.99

7)Type
Manufacturer's type .

8)Power Factor (P.F)

(power factor) , V A

(active power) W P.F .

( 100 .)
(apparent power) = VA
W () = VA cos
(reactive power) = VA sin
1 (100 %) , , .
,
.
1 , 0.5 - 0.9 .

9)Horsepower (HP)
(Horse Power) ,
, . ()

() KW HP

rpm, ft-lb , IP
MKS (PS) .
1HP(IP) = 550 ft-lb/sec =746 W
1HP(PS) = 75 kgf-m/sec = 736 W

NEMA .
1

25

150

600

2000

30

200

700

2250

40

250

800

2500

50

300

900

3000

60

350

1000

3500

10

75

400

1250

4000

15

100

450

1500

20

125

500

1750

10)RPM at rated load (RPM)

(RPM at rated load) full-load speed ,
RPM . RPM revolutions per minute .
(synchronous speed) slip .
, .
() 20 - 60 rpm ,
.

Ns : (rpm)
f : (Hz)
P :
Slip .

S : Slip
Ns : (rpm)
N :

11)Design
, slip NEMA A, B, C D 4
category , Design B . Design NEMA MG 1-1.16 . "Des",
"NEMA Design" "Design" .
Design A : normal locked rotor torque, high locked rotor amps, slip 0.5 - 5 %, injection molding machine .
Design B : normal locked rotor torque, normal locked rotor amps, slip 0.5 - 5 %, fan, blower, centrifugal pump, compressor .
Design C : high locked rotor torque, low locked rotor amps, slip 1 - 5 %, conveyor, crusher, reciprocating pump .
Design D : high locked rotor torque, low locked rotor amps, slip 5 - 8 %, elevator,winch, shear .
Design B Design A , A B
A locked rotor amps. starter .

12)Efficiency(EFF.)
(efficiency) % , .
() - () = () , (%) .

NEMA (NEMA nominal efficiency), (a large population of

like motors) . (1 ~ 5 %) .
. 75 - 85 % , 100W
50% .

13)Service Factor(S.F.)
Service factor (Max. ambient temperature) (overload capacity)
SF 1 NEMA . SF 1.15 1.25
, 1.4 . Service factor
.
. (brake horsepower : ) 28 HP , 25 HP SF
1.25 31.25 HP , ?
30 HP ?
30 HP .
.
http://www.esmagazine.com/CDA/ArticleInformation/features/BNP__Features__Item/0,2503,3218,00.html Just What Is Motor Service
Factor ? ( by Timothy Coyle, P.E.) .
(expected running amps) "SF MAX AMPS" "MAX A"
.

14)Duty(Rating)
. "CONT"(,
Continuous) valve actuator, crane, hoist (intermittent) . 15 , 30 ,
60 .
DUTY, RATING, TIME RATING, DUTY CYCLE .
IEC Duty Cycle : NEMA Continuous Intermittent 2 IEC S1 S8 8
.
S1 - Continuous duty. The motor works at a constant load for enough time to reach

temperature equilibrium.

S2 - Short-time duty. The motor works at a constant load, but not long enough to reach
long enough for the motor to reach ambient

temperature equilibrium, and the rest periods are

temperature.

S3 - Intermittent periodic duty. Sequential, identical run and rest cycles with constant load.

Temperature equilibrium is never reached.

Starting current has little effect on temperature rise.

S4 - Intermittent periodic duty with starting. Sequential, identical start, run, and rest cycles
not reached, but starting current affects

with constant load. Temperature equilibrium is

temperature rise.

S5 - Intermittent periodic duty with electric braking. Sequential, identical cycles of starting,

running at constant load, electric braking, and

rest. Temperature equilibrium is not reached.

S6 - Continuous operation with intermittent load. Sequential, identical cycles of running with
rest periods.

constant load and running with no load. No

S7 - Continuous operation with electric braking. Sequential, identical cycles of starting,

running at constant load and electric braking. No

rest periods.
S8 - Continuous operation with periodic changes in load and speed. Sequential, identical
given speed, then run at other constant loads and

duty cycles of start, run at constant load and

speeds. No rest periods.

15)Insulation Class(INSULCLASS, INS)

. , , , , ,
.
. (insulation class) 20,000
A, B, F H 4
(NEMA ) . 25C .
Temperature Rise(C)
Insulation Class

Temperature Rating(C)

NEMA(SF:1)

IEC(SF:1)

105

60

60

NEMA, IEC

120

75

E IEC

130

80

80

NEMA, IEC

155

105

100

NEMA, IEC

180

125

125

NEMA, IEC

1: Ambient temperature 40C , Temperature Rating (Temperature Rise + 40)

Hot Spot Allowance .

2: TEFC TENV Temperature Rise .

temperature rating 10C

Ambient Temperature, Temperature Rise, Hot Spot Allowance, Motor Surface Temperature .
*Ambient temperature : 17) .
*Temperature rise :

. , ambient temperature 38C

102C , temperature rise 64C .

*Hot spot allowance : "Temperature rise" , ,

slot

. leads

hot spot

allowance .
*Motor Surface Temperature :
75C 95C
"INSUL CLASS" "INS" .

KS

(C)

(C)

90

50

105

65

120

80

130

90

155

110

180

135

180

16)Maximum Ambient Temperature(MAX AMB, AMB)

. . max.
ambient temperature 40C . ambient temperature 40 - 50C . "MAX AMB"
"AMB' .

17)Altitude
temperature rise (Altitude) .
. .
3300 ft , insulation class F 9900 ft .

18)Enclosure(ENCL)
enclosure

, NEMA Enclosure

. Enclosure type ODP, TENV, TEFC, TEAO EXP . NEMA

enclosure type , IEC
IP(Ingress Protection) IC . "ENCL"
.
*ODP : Open drip proof . (). , 15
. , , .
.
*TENV : Totally Enclosed Non-Ventilated . (). (air
tight) . . .
*TEFC : Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled . ().TENV Fan Fan
. .
*TEAO : Totally Enclosed Air Over .
, .
*EXP : Explosion Proof .(). (harzadous or explosive area) ,
. TEFC TENV
, UL CSA Label . NEC (National Electrical Code) article 500
Class Group .
Class (gases, Vapors)
Group A

Acetylene

Group B

Butadien, ethylene oxide, hydrogen, propylene oxide

Group C

Acetaldehyde, cyclopropane, diethether, ethylene, isoprene

Group D

Acetone, ammonia, benzene, butane, gasoline, methane, propane

Class (Combustible Dusts)

Group E

Aluminum, magnesium and other metal dusts with similar characteristics

Group F

Carbon black, coke or coal dust

Group G

19)IEC IP Rating
IEC IP Rating :
IEC 60529 (Degrees of Protection provided by Enclosure)
IEC 60034-5 (Rotating Electrical Machines - Part 5 : Classification of degrees of protection

provided by

enclosures of rotating electrical

machines) .
IEC 60529 , , enclosure , IEC 60345-5
enclosure . IEC 60345-5 IEC 60529 . IEC 60529 "IP
23CH" "First Characteristic Letter", "Second Characteristic Letter", "Additional Letter (Optional)" "Supplementary Letter (Optional)" 4
( ) , IEC 60345-5 "First Characteristic Letter" "Second Characteristic Letter"
.

1 (First Characteristic Letter) :

0 :
1: 50 mm ( )
2 : 12 mm ( )

3 : 2.5 mm ( )
4 : 1 mm ( )
5 : (Dust Protected)
6 : (Dust Tight)( )
2 (Second Characteristic Letter) :
0 :
1 :
2 : 15
3 : 15
4 :
5 : (Jet)
6 :
7 : 15 100
8 :
Additional Letter (Optional) : A, B, C, D , , , ,

Supplementary Letter (Optional)

H :
M : water test
S : water test
W :
IP Rating NEMA Enclosure
*(ODP) IP23
*(TEFC) IP44 .

20)IEC IC(International Cooling) Code

IEC 60034-6( Rotating Electrical Machines) - Part 6 : Methods of cooling (IC code) . IC

Code IC 2 Code( ) IC
Code .
Code . 1 , 2
.
Code

IC 01

(free circulation), (self-circulation)

IC 06

IC 11

(inlet pipe ventilated),

IC 17

IC 21

(outlet pipe ventilated),

IC 27

IC 31

(inlet and outlet ventilated),

IC 37

IC 40

, non-ventilated

IC 41

(frame surface cooled),

IC 51

21)Frame
NEMA IEC Frame ,
.

22)Connection Diagram
Connection diagram KS IEC , NEMA . connection
diagram .

23)
*Space Heater : ( )
Motor Space Heater .
. space heater . space heater off
, shut down space heater energize ambient temperature 5 - 10C
.

7.
1)
, , .
( 3 (,1994.5.31)

299 .)

500 - 650 % .
.

2)
KS C 4002 Section 9. . .
: 10 %
.
: 5%
.

 : 10% ,
5% 10% .
: .
, .
8.
(full voltage starter) (reduced voltage starter)
. :

.
.

across-the-line starter() direct-on-line

starter()
(
auto-transformer starter-compensator

()

primary-resistor starter

()

primary reactor starter

star-delta starter wye-delta starter

1)( : across-the-line starter direct-on-line starter)

.
, 5 - 7.5 HP .

2) ( : auto-transformer starter-compensator)
(auto-transformer) ,
(tap) ( 2 - 3 ). tap(50 - 80 %)
.
. .
auto- , .

3)() (primary-resistor starter)

,
. .

4)() (primary reactor starter)

() 3 .

5)- (star-delta starter wye-delta starter)

50( 75) HP , wye , delta
. wye delta 33 % .
3 delta 6 .

9.
1)

HP

rpm, ft-lb
1HP(IP) = 550 ft-lb/sec =746 W
1HP(PS) = 75 kgf-m/sec = 736 W

Ns : (rpm)
f : (Hz)
P :

Slip

S : Slip
Ns : (rpm)
N :

( 100 .)
(apparent power) = VA
4

Power Factor
W () = VA cos
(reactive power) = VA sin
=
HP Ampere

KW Ampere
6

KVA Ampere
7

2)
(Electric Motor Repair), R. Rosenberg , , , 2000.1.7 : ,
. 1987 15 .
. .
Handbook of Air Conditioning System Design, by Carrier Air Conditioning Company , McGraw-Hill : A/C System Design
. Part 8 - Chapter 2. Motors and Motor Controls . , 2 .