ng dng relay bo v mt pha, o pha MX100

Ting Anh chuyn ngnh dng ch hin tng mt pha : phase loss, phase
failure, phase missing.
Ting anh chuyn ngnh dng ch hin tng o pha : phase sequence, phase
reversal.
Chuyn mt pha trong h thng in 3 pha gy ra nhng hu qu ln khng cn l
g vi dn k thut in, nht l dn bo tr in trong cc xng c cc ng c 3
pha. Ti khng mun ni v cc h hng m n gy ra cho bn, cho thit b ca
bn. Mt khi bn tm n v c bi vit ny c ngha l bn hoc trong tng
lai gn s i mt vi n.
Bn c th t lp mch bo v mt pha bng 2,3 relay king m theo bn l rt hiu
qu v r tin. Ti ch mun ni vi bn rng : c nhng ngi phi th nhn
mch hot ng km hiu qu trong h thng in cng nghip.
Trong phm vi bi vit ny ti s gii thiu cc ng dng ca relay bo v mt pha,
o pha MX100A ca Mikro (Malaysia) vo cc trng hp c th.
Th nht : Bo v mt pha v o pha trong h thng in.
Bo v mt pha dng ch yu cho cc ti 3 pha m ti nu mt 1 trong
3 pha th s gy ra s hot ng sai v d ng c ba pha khi mt 1 pha th d
b chy, chnh lu 3 pha nu mt 1 pha th in p DC ng ra c th b thay i
vv.
o
Bo v o pha s dng trong trng hp ng c 3 pha truyn ng
trong cc h thng m chiu quay c n nh v s gy ra h hng nu
nhn nt chy thun m ng c li chy ngc. Vic o pha ch c th xy
ra khi tin hnh sa cha, thay th my bin p hoc ng dy.
Th 2 : Relay bo v mt pha, o pha Mikro MX100A.
o

Relay Mikro MX100 c thit k s dng cho cm 11 chn. Hnh nh relay v

s chn nh sau :

 trng thi khng cp in th tip im 1-3 h, tip im 1-4 ng.

Nu c cp ngun 3 pha 3 dy hoc 3 pha 4 dy ng th t pha th tip
im 1-3 ng li, tip im 1-4 m ra. n bo cun dy sng v n bo tip
im sng th hin trng thi li in pha v ng th t pha. y l trng
thi thng trc khi ta s dng relay ny.
o
Nu mt t nht 1pha th s c nhng hin tng sau xy ra : n bo tip
im tt hoc n bo cun dy v n bo tip im u tt; tip im 1-3 h,
tip im 1-4 ng li.
o
Nu c hin tng o pha xy ra th n bo tip im s tt ng thi
tip im 1-3 s m ra, 1-4 s ng li.
Th 3 : ng dng Mikro MX100 trong mch s dng contactor.
o
o

Ly v d mch khi ng ng c. Mch khng s dng relay bo v mt pha,

o pha c s nh sau :

S c s dng relay bo v mt pha, o pha Mikro MX100A nh sau :

So snh 2 s ta s thy ngay c nhng vic cn lm khi mun gn thm relay

bo v mt pha o pha cho mch cha c bo v mt pha o pha.
Th 4 : ng dng Mikro MX100 trong mch s dng MCCB.
i vi mch in c cp ngun bng MCCB, ta mun khi c hin tng mt
pha, MCCB s t ng nhy (tc ng). Ta cng bit r MCCB c ch to ch
tc ng khi c hin tng ngn mch hoc qu ti. Tuy vy ta vn c th buc
MCCB tc ng bng cch s dng ph kin "Shunt Trip". Shunttrip l ph kin
c lp vo MCCB gip ta buc MCCB nhy bng cch a in vo cun dy
ca Shunt trip.
cp in vo Shunttrip khi c hin tng mt pha, o pha, cn gn dng tip
im thng ng 1-4. Tuy nhin ta cn lu l khi cha c cp ngun th tip
im ny vn ang ng. Do vy, nu s dng ngun di MCCB cp vo
Mikro MX100A, rt c th khi ta va ng MCCB th shunttrip c cp ngun
lm MCCB tc ng. trnh tnh trng ny ta c th s dng dng ngun trn
MCCB cp cho MX 100 theo s sau :

S trn c nhc im l gi s tip im ca MCCB h hng, lc ny ngun

cp ra ti mt pha nhng Mikro MX100A khng pht hin c.
Ngun cp cho Mikro MX100 vn c th ly di MCCB khc phc s c trn.
Tuy nhin cn khc phc tnh trng MCCB s tc ng ngay khi ng MCCB. Ta
c th dng thm 1 relay thi gian khng ch khng cho Shunttrip tc ng khi ta
thao tc ng ngun (dng tip im thng m ng chm).
Th 5 : ng dng Mikro MX100 trong mch s dng ACB.

ACB (Air Circuit Breaker : my ct khng kh) thng c s dng trong cc

xng ln. ACB linh ng hn MCCB nh cc ph kin gip ta c th thao tc
ng v ct ACB bng tn hiu in. Ngi ta thng s dng kt hp 2 hoc
nhiu hn 2 ACB to thnh cc b chuyn ngun t ng (ATS : Automatich
Transfer Switch).
Vic ng dng Mikro MX100 trong mch s dng ACB c bn cng tng t nh
vi MCCB. im cn lu l khi MX100 pht hin mt pha, o pha. Ngoi vic
cp ngun cho SHT tc ng ACB ta cn phi ngn khng cho b iu khin ng
li ACB trnh tnh trng ng ct lp li nhiu ln nh hng n tui th ACB.
Lu chung cho c 2 trng hp s dng Mikro MX100A cho mch s dng
MCCB v ACB chnh l trng hp mt ng pha ly in p cp cho
shunttrip. Chng ta c th phng trng hp ny bng cch trang b ngun d
phng hoc lp mch dng ngun cp cho shunt trip c 3 pha theo th t u
tin (Nu c pha R th dng R, nu mt pha R th dng pha S, nu mt pha R v
S th dng pha T).
Nu cn tng s tip im ca Mikro MX100A phc v cho cc mch iu
khin, ta c th dng thm Relay trung gian.