TIU CHUN QUC GIA

TCVN 7931:2008
RAU NG HP XC NH HM LNG NATRI CLORUA PHNG PHP CHUN
IN TH
Canned vegetables Determination of sodium chloride Potentiometric method
Li ni u
TCVN 7931:2008 c xy dng trn c s AOAC 971.27 Sodium Chloride in Canned
Vegetables;
TCVN 7931:2008 do Ban k thut tiu chun quc gia TCVN/TC/F13 Phng php phn tch v
ly mu bin son, Tng cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng ngh, B Khoa hc v Cng
ngh cng b.
RAU NG HP XC NH HM LNG NATRI CLORUA PHNG PHP CHUN
IN TH
Canned vegetables Determination of sodium chloride Potentiometric method
1. Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny qui nh phng php xc nh hm lng natri clorua (NaCl) trong rau ng hp
vi hm lng natri clorua ln hn hoc bng 0,03 %, bng phng php chun in th.
2. Nguyn tc
Sn phm c ha tan trong nc v c axit ha, clorua ha tan c chun bng ch th
in th vi dung dch chun AgNO3. thun tin trong vic tnh kt qu, khi lng hoc th
tch v nng mol c quy nh sao cho 1 ml AgNO 3 = 0,1 % NaCl. Nu khng c sn cn
cn nhanh khi lng quy nh th c th s dng khi lng mu th v dung dch AgNO 3 nng
mol thch hp. (Xem 6.2.3).
3. Thuc th
3.1. Axit nitric long, pha long 20 ml HNO3 bng nc n 1000 ml.
3.2. Dung dch chun bc nitrat, 0,0856 M
Ha tan 14,541 g AgNO3 trong nc v pha long bng nc n vch 1000 ml ng trong bnh
nh mc (4.5). Chun ha li theo iu 5 v chnh n nng mol chnh xc quy nh sao cho
vi lng mu th yu cu th 1 ml = 0,1 % NaCl. Bo qun dung dch trong bnh Pyrex, trnh
nh nng trc tip. Dung dch ny n nh trong iu kin nh sng ca phng.
3.3. Dung dch chun natri clorua, 0,0856 M
Ha tan 5,000 g NaCl c sy trc 2 h 110 oC vo nc (nu hm lng NaCl < 100,0
% th chia 5,000 g cho % NaCl/100 thu c khi lng chnh xc) v pha long n 1000 ml
trong bnh nh mc (4.5).
3.4. Nc
Nc ct hoc loi ion, khng cha nhm halogen, c kim tra theo cch sau:
Cho 1 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,1 M v 5 ml HNO3 (1 + 4) vo nc v thm nc n 100 ml.
Dung dch ch c php hi c.
4. Thit b, dng c
4.1. Cn, c th cn c trn 200 g v c c n 0,01 g.
4.2. in cc

in cc t hp thanh Ag hoc cc in cc ch th Ag v in cc so snh thy tinh. Trc khi

bt u v sau mi ngy s dng, lm sch u tip in cc thanh Ag, nu cn, dng bt lm
sch hoc vt liu thch hp khc v trng ra k bng nc (i vi mt s mu phng th
nghim c th phi dng nc nng ra). Lm sch cc in cc khc theo khuyn co ca
nh sn xut. Lm sch li nu cn, trnh tri s c cui. i vi mt s mu th, trng ra
nh k cc in cc bng nc v lau kh bng giy thm trnh tch t thnh mng trn in
cc. Khng cn thit phi ph cc in cc thanh Ag bng AgCl.
4.3. My khuy t
My khuy t c vn hnh qua my bin p cho php n nh di tc ci t.
4.4. My o pH
Tt nht l loi c th c trc tip, c cc thang chia nh hn hoc bng 10 mV v c di o
t nht l 700 mV, v d nh loi k thut s.
4.5. Bnh nh mc, dung tch 100 ml v 1000 ml.
4.6. Cc c m, dung tch 250 ml.
5. Chun ha
Dng pipet ly 25 ml dung dch chun ha NaCl cho vo cc c m 250 ml (4.6), pha long bng
nc n khong 50 ml v b sung 50 ml dung dch HNO 3 (1 + 49). t cc in cc vo, bt
my khuy t (4.3) v lin tc khuy mnh vi tc n nh trong qu trnh chun m khng
lm bn dung dch ra ngoi. Chun bng dung dch chun AgNO 3 v iu chnh s tng tc
thay i in p (bng cch thay i tc thm thuc th) sao cho thu c th chnh xc
ca mV da theo ml dung dch AgNO3. B sung tt c 50 ml dung dch AgNO 3 c c ng
cong hon chnh.
Xc nh im un bng cch v 2 ng thng c dc 45 0 vi cc trc v tip tuyn vi
ng chun ti 2 im c cong ln nht. im un l im giao gia ng chun vi
ng v song song v gia 2 ng tip tuyn ni trn. T th tch dung dch AgNO 3 s
dng, tnh nng mol v hiu chnh n 0,0856 M. Thnh thong chun ha li. Dng im un
l im kt thc chun mu th. Thnh thong kim tra li in th cui v khi thay in cc
n l hoc in cc t hp, hoc my o pH th xc nh li bng cch chun b ng chun
mi.
c chnh xc ln nht, khi thc hin mt dy cc php xc nh trn cng mt loi thc
phm, th tin hnh xc nh v s dng im kt thc t ng chun ca loi thc phm
hn l s dng im kt thc thu c bng dung dch chun NaCl.
6. Cch tin hnh
6.1. Chun b mu th
6.1.1. Cc sn phm dng dung dch trong c snh thp
Nc p qu, nc xp trong, ru vang, v.v: c s dng trc tip lm mu th.
6.1.2. Cc sn phm dng vn
Nc p c chua, nc st c chua, rau nghin v.v: Lc k hp cha m trn u mi cht
lng. Chuyn ton b lng cha sang bnh thy tinh hoc bt s ln v trn k, khuy lin tc
hn 1 min. Sau chuyn ht sang bnh thy tinh c np y, lc hoc khuy k mi ln trc
khi ly cc phn mu th phn tch.
6.1.3. Sn phm khng ng nht (c, tht v.v), c m thp (sn phm ng cc v.v)
v kh phn tn, cc thc phm ng nht (phomat, b lc v.v)
Cn 50,0 g mu th, cho vo bnh 1000 ml (4.5) ca my nghin tc cao v thm 450 g nc.
y np, bt my nghin tc thp bng cch dng bin p bin i c phn tn s b
v nghin k vi tc cao (thng 1 min n 2 min l ). Dng pipet 50 ml tho b u tip

 chuyn mt lng tng ng vi 5 g mu th (tng ng vi 50,0 gam hn hp sau

khi nghin). Trn k huyn ph ca mu th ngay trc khi dng pipet ly phn mu th
phn tch, sao cho phn cht rn c phn tn u.
6.1.4. Cc thc phm dng khc
Chun b mu th theo 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3 hoc bng phng php thch hp khc.
bo qun cc mu th hoc cc huyn ph mu th dng cho phn tch sau ny, thm 0,5 ml
dung dch HCHO khong 37 % cho 100 g mu th hoc huyn ph mu th, trn k v bo qun
nhit phng. Chnh pha long bi dung dch HCHO bng cch nhn % NaCl vi 1,005.
6.2. Phng php xc nh
6.2.1. i vi cc sn phm cha t hn 5 % natri clorua
Cho 5,00 g (hoc 5,00 ml nu nng c tnh theo khi lng trn th tch) mu th
chun b trong 6.1.1 hoc 6.1.2, hoc 50,0 g trong 6.1.3 cho vo cc c m 250 ml (4.6). Thm
nc n khong 50 ml nu s dng mu th chun b trong 6.1.1 hoc 6.1.2 ( lm tan
chy cht bo ca mu nh b th dng nc si). Thm 50 ml HNO 3 (1 + 49). Chun theo
iu 5, s dng buret 10 ml nu hm lng natri clorua nh hn hoc bng 1 %.
% NaCl = ml AgNO3 nng 0,0856 M/10
Khi nng AgNO3 khc vi 0,0856 M th tnh nh sau
% NaCl = ml AgNO3 x C/0,0856/10
Trong C l nng mol ca dung dch AgNO 3 dng chun
6.2.2. i vi cc sn phm cha bng hoc ln hn 5 % natri clorua
Cho 5,00 g (hoc 5,00 ml nu nng c tnh theo khi lng trn th tch) mu th
chun b trong 6.1.1 hoc 6.1.2, cho vo bnh nh mc 100 ml (4.5) v pha long bng nc
n vch. Trn u v chuyn dch lng cha t 50 mg n 250 mg NaCl cho vo cc c m 250
ml (4.6). Nu mu th c chun b theo 6.1.3 th chuyn phn dch lng cn cha t 50 mg
n 250 mg NaCl sang cc c m 250 ml (4.6). Chun theo iu 5, bt u t on pha
long bng nc n khong 50 ml.
% NaCl = F x ml AgNO3 nng 0,0856 M/10
Trong F l h s pha long = 100/ml phn dch lng chun nu mu th chun b
trong 6.1.1 hoc 6.1.2, hoc 50/g mu th c chun b theo 6.1.3.
Khi nng AgNO3 khc vi 0,0856 M th tnh nh sau:
% NaCl = F x ml AgNO3 x C/0,0856 / 10
Trong C l nng mol ca dung dch AgNO 3 dng chun .
6.2.3. Trng hp chung
Cn chnh xc phn mu th nu (cn di 5 g mu nu hm lng NaCl bng hoc ln hn
5 %, pha long n 100 ml). S dng dung dch AgNO 3 khong 0,1 M, c chun ha chnh
xc theo iu 5, khng iu chnh nng mol v chun theo iu 5.
% NaCl = ml AgNO3 x M AgNO3 x 0,05844 x 100/g mu th
Trong M l nng mol ca dung dch chun AgNO 3 dng.
Nu mu th chun qu th thm chnh xc mt th tch dung dch chun NaCl v hon
thnh chun . iu chnh th tch dung dch AgNO3 theo th tch dung dch chun NaCl
thm vo.
7. Bo co th nghim
Bo co th nghim phi ghi r:

- Mi thng tin cn thit nhn bit y v mu th;

- Phng php ly mu s dng, nu bit;
- Phng php th s dng v vin dn tiu chun ny;
- Mi chi tit thao tc khng quy nh trong tiu chun ny, cng vi cc chi tit bt thng khc
c th nh hng ti kt qu;
- Cc kt qu th nghim thu c.