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27 ,
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(Multiannual Financial Framework MFF).
1


2007-2013, MFF 2014-2020 .
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,
60% .

1.1: 2007-2013.
MFF 2007-2013 ( 1.2.).
, .


1.2:


1.1.1.
, (Cohesion Policy)
.
. :
- (European Regional Development Fund, ERDF),
- (European Social Fund, ESF),
- (Cohesion Fund, CF).
. ,

, .

(: ERDF)
,
( ).
ERDF, :
(Objective Convergence):
- ;
- ;
- ;
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);
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- .
(Objective Territorial cooperation):
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).
ERDF , .

(: ESF) 4
:
- ;
- ;
-
- .
, 80% ESF
(objective convergence),
, 20% ,
(regional competitiveness and employment objective).

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(Trans European Networks TEN-T, TEN-E, eTEN).
90% . , MFF 2007-2013
12 , , ,
(phasing out). , ,
,
,
TEN , .

10


1.1.2.

.
- (Common Agricultural Policy, CAP),
60% . MFF 2007-2013 CAP
47%, ,
. :
1. (European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, EAFRD),
2. (European Agricultural Guarantee Fund, EAGF).

(: EAFRD)
(Rural Development Programme). 90% 50%
. EAFRD
:
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.

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.
EAGF .
1.1.3.

. 3 :
1. EuropeAid,
2. (Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance, IPA),
3. .
(European Development Fund, EDF),
, .
EuropeAid,
.

11


EuropeAid
EuropeAid ,
, (Development and Cooperation EuropeAid
Directorate General). EuropeAid :
) :
- (European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument, ENPI),
, ,
- (European Development Fund, EDF), ,
(ACP) ,
- (Development Co-operation Instrument, DCI),
, , , ,
) :
- (European Instrument for Democracy & Human Rights,
EIDHR),
- (Nuclear Safety Co-operation Instrument, NSCI),
- DCI,
- (Instrument for Stability).
(
), .

(Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance, IPA)
,
. :
- (National IPA),
, ,
- (Multi-Beneficiary IPA),
, .
MFF 2007-2013
:
1. :
- (support for transition and institution-building),
- (cross-border cooperation),
2. :
- (regional development),
- (human resources development),
- (rural development).
:
- , ,
- (twinning programs),
- ,
- ,
- .

, MFF 2014-2020 na ,
.
1.1.4.

,
. MFF

(Policy Fischs).
,
.
, .
,
. ,
,

12


. ,
, .
( 1)
(2007-2013) :
- (Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme, CIP),
(Eco-Innovation Fund, EIF)
(Information and Communication Technologies
Policy Support Programme, ICT PSP)
- (Seventh Framework Programme, FP7).
2013. ,
.
1.1.5.

,
(grants), , (loans),
(guarantee instruments) ,
. :
) (European Investment Bank, EIB), 4
:
- (Global Loans), EIB
25 ,
,
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), ,
,
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3 .
) (European Investment Fund, EIF),
, ,
( )
. EIF
( ) .
) (European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, EBRD),
, ,
. EBRD
, ,
.
1.2. 2014-2020
2013. .
2014-2020
(MFF 2014-2020). 11. 2011.
2012. , 2013.
. MFF 2014-2020 2012.
.
MFF 2014-2020 ,
. ,
( 1.2.),
.

13


1.2: 2014-2020
2007-2013

MFF 2007-2013 ,
, .
.
,
20% . , (Connecting
Europe Facility) ,
.
MFF 2014-2020 MFF 2007-2013
1.3.

14

1.3:


. 2, 3

2.
2.1.
, , .
,
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3 ,

15


()
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16


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17


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(opportunity study), (prefeasibility study)
(feasibility study) - .
.
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.
W. Hughes-
W. Hughes
, ,

:
1. (inception stage),
, .
() .
2. (feasibility stage),
. , (feasible)
.
3. (scheme design), ,
, ,
.

18


4. (detail design), ,
. ,
.
5. (contracting), ,
.
6. (construction), ,
.
7. (commissioning) .
, , ,
, .
Hughes
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( FIDIC) :
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() ,
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. .

19



, ,
,
. , ,
, 1913.
(: FIDIC),
UNIDO. , FIDIC,
,
,
, .
FIDIC

. , , ,
, , , ,
. FIDIC- , , , .
, 85% 90%
, 15% 10%
,
.
FIDIC
5 :
1. (Counselling Services),
2. (Pre-Investment Studies),
3. (Design and Supervision Services for Construction of
Works),
4. (Specialized Design and Development Services),
5. (Project Management).
:
. ,
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, , ,
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;
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, .
- , .
20% ,
40% 70% ;
4. (special services) , , .
, , ,
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( 24

20


). The Resident Engineer ,
, , , . .
, (Site Engineera)
.
:
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.
.
:
.
.

, , .
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, .
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(preparation services) ,
.
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(implementation services), , (project management),
.
,
, , , , ,
, .
UNIDO
UNIDO
:
1. (project opportunity study),
, ;
2. (support study), ,
.
3. (pre-feasibility study),
, ;
4. (feasibility study)
(1, 2 3)
;
5. (evaluation study) .
PMI
()
project manager . PMI (Project
Management Institute), A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, 1996.
.
,
, ,
, .
,
, .

21


PMI , .
, :
1. (Project Integration Management),
;
2. (Project Scope Management), ()
;
3. (Project Time Management);
4. (Project Cost Management);
5. (Project Quality Management);
6. (Project Human Resource Management);
7. (Project Communications Management);
8. , (Project Risk Management);
9. , , (Project Procurement
Management).
PMI
,
. PMI
,
(, ).


. .
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2. ().

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.

22



. ,
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.
(. FIDIC) (. ), ,
, /
.
.
2.3.

,
. .
- .
, , , ,
.
, , , . .
,
.
1991.
.
(project modelling),
(employers point of view) (contractors point of
view). , ,
,
.

. , , , , .
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450 ,
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;
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- .

23


, , .

- .
,
:
I
;
II
;
III ;
IV ;
V
;
VI ,
VII .
.
, ,
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.
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.
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.
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. .
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( I)

. ,
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.
.
.
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. :
1. , , ,
, ;
2. ( ,
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3. -
;

24


4. ;
5.
;
6. ;
7. ,
;
8.
;
9. .

.
.
I -
.
2.3.2.

( II - VI)4

,

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)
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.

, . . .

25



, ,
, .
- (),
( ) - (
).
,
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.
.

. ,
, , , .

.
2.3.3.

( VII)

( I)
, .
,
.
, .
,
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:
( I);

( II - VI).

:
.
de facto .
,
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;
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.);
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.
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, ...) .
.
- , ,
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26


. , ,
.
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;

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2.3.4.

.
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() .
, - .

27


, , . ,
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.
2.4: -

- ( 2.4)
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,
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, , , ,
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. , ,
.
( 2.5.)
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.
- .
.
(, , ) .

28


2.5:

,
. (Hydrocracker
Complex), 4.500.000.000 , . ,
, 17 ,
650 h, , 100h ,
. , ,
, , , .
, ,
(, ).
157 . , , , ,
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15.000 100.000 3, 10 , 8 3 .
. , , . , ,
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.
180.000 3 , 30.000 t, 29.000 t
38.000 t .
3.300.000.000
, ,
1.200.000.000 , -, .
, , . , ,
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. 40 ,
,
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4 ,
3.500.
3 , ,
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,

.

29


,
.
( ), ,
, ,
. , ,
, ( 2.6.).
, , .

, .
, .

. ,

.
2.6.:

( 2.7.).
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, .
. : ,
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.
:
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,


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. , ( ),
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, .
,

.

30


2.7:

,
(, , )
, , , .
.


, .

31


. 5, 6

3.
.

.
3.1.
3.1.1.
, .
: ,
, .
:
- ,
- ,
- .
, :
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- ( )
.
.
. ,
3.1. .
3.1.

, .

, ,
. 3.1.

5
6

32

,
,


3.1:

, .
,
( ).
,
. . ,
.
, ( ),
.
3.1.2.

.
:
-
-
- COST/BENEFIT
() ,
( ).
:
- ,
- ,
- ,
- .
.
: , , ,
.
:
- (. , . 72/2009, 81/2009 24/2011)
- ,
(. , . 80/2005)
- Guide to cost benefit analysis of investment projects 2008.
. ,
,
( ).
( 113. 114.). ( 117.
118.). , 131. 132.
,
: ,
, , , .

33


. 3.2.
.
3.2:

,
.
Cost/benefit (: CB ) ,
( ) ( ),
, .
, .
, CB .
, .
Cost/benefit . ,
( , ).
. 1936. .
, CB
Guide to cost benefit analysis of investment projects, 2008. (:
). , CB
( ,
). CB :
, , , ,
.
, 3.3 .

34


3.3: CB

, .
, ,
CB .
:
- . CB
.
- . CB
.
3.2.
.
, .
. ,
.
3.2.3.
(7 18
) ( ):
1.
2.
3.
5.
6.
16. ,
18.
(5. 16). .
.
. ,
: , , ,
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, -
. .

35


( ) , ,
,
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,
.
:
1. -
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.
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4. -
.

. :
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) : ( ) (cash flow),
) .

.
.
.
, .

.
( )
( ),
.
, .
, , . 3.4.
.

36


3.4:
- (

).
. :
, , , ,
, , , , ,
, .
3.2.5.

, EIA (EIA environmental impact assessment).
.

, ,
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.
,
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:
- (. , . 135/2004),
- nvironmental Integration Handbook for EC development co-operation (2006),
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1. ;
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;
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37


11.
.
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, 6-9.
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( ).

38


3.2.7.

(12. 13.). ,
, .

, .
Discounted Cash Flow
( ). ( , ,
.). Cash flow (
) . cash flow- .
:
- ,
- ,
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. . 10
25 , .
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(: 100 68 10
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(. 8%).
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).
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: , (, , ), (),

39


, .
, .
:
- : FNPV(C), FRR(C),
- ( cash flow),
- : FNPV(K), FRR(K).
-FNPV(C) 7-FRR(C)
.
.
.
:

:
St cash flow t
at t
i
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n . FNPV(C) .
FNPV(C)=0:

. ,
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.
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. . FRR(C)
. .
3.6. (FNPV), (FRR) (i).
, FNPV . FRR (
, 1
).
3.6: .

7 .

40


(sustainability) cash flow
. , , ,
, . .
,
.
FNPV() FRR()
. , ,
( ao ).
: ,
.
3.2.8.
(8. 14).
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, .

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, (
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(: ).
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( ) .
.
- (SWR - shadow wage rate)
.
.
- (SER - Shadow exchange rate) .
.
- .
.
.

41


(SCF) :

:
,
X ,
Tm ,
Tx .
SCF ~0,96, 96% (
).
(SWR) . :

:
u ,
t .
: (u=0 t=0,35) SWR=0,65;
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. ,
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.
.

. .
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.
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, benefit transfer ( ) .
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);
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);
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:
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()
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. .
. :
, .

42


(Social discount rate - SDR)
, . .
( ).
SDR :

:
e - e ,
g - ,
p - .
,
. , ~3,5%
2013. .
:
) (ENPV),
) (ERR),
) (B/C ratio).
.
ENPV ERR SDR .
B/C (benefit/cost ratio)
() ():

:
I - inflows (),
- outflows ().
B/C>1. .
.
FNPV .
3.2.9.

PMBOK (Guide to Project Management Body
Of Knowledge, PMI, USA, 2008.), , ,
, ,
. ,
PMBOK-, , , .
, .
BS 4778, BS 6709-3:2000, 2002.
8, ,
. Cost-Benefit
(EUROPEAN COMMISSION Guide to COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS of investment projects).

. , , . ,

. ,
, . ,
( ) .
8 : The Institute of Risk
Management (IRM), The Association of Insurance and Risk Managers (AIRMIC) ALARM: The National Forum for Risk Management
in the Public Sector.

43


, ,
.
. ,
, -, , ,
, .
: , , ,
.
,
(Bunni, 2003).
) :
, (feasibility stage)
: ,
; ,
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;
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) (construction stage):
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: ; ;
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, : , , ,
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,
: (Project Integration Management),
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5. .

44


3.7:
( PMBOK Guide, 2008.)

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(Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats), BPEST PESTLE (Business,
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2012. ,
Cost-Benefit (EUROPEAN COMMISSION Guide to
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS of investment projects).
3.8:

45


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46


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47


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48


(NPV, FRR(ERR)).
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49


4. (Risk Analysis)
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50


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51

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52

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53


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- (FRR),
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54


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55


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56


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57


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61


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4.3. 3.
Guide to cost-benefit analysis of
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62


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70


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71


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78


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79


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81


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86


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87


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88


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89


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90


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92



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94


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97


Practical Guide to Contract procedures for EU external actions,
.
EuropeAid 2012 .
: http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/prag/document.do?locale=en

(EDF
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300,000

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10,000

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102


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104



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105


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106


2. : :
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107


9.3:

10.000

> 10.000
< 300.000

> 300.000
< 5.000.000

5.000.000

( )

30

30

10

20

20

15

30

60

90

10

15

15

10

10

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15

15

30

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(
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105

165

255

9.15.
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108


9.16.

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100

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82

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59

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174

254

256

174/3=58.00

254/3 = 84.67

256/3 = 85.33

84.67/85.33x100 =
99.22

100.00

( )
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/ )

* 80 .
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| 9.5:

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1.060.452

100

9.513.22/1.060.452x100 =
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(
/

x100)

80/20.
9.6:

99,22x0.80 = 79.38

100.00x0.80 = 80.00

x 0.20

100.00x0.20= 20.00

89.71x0.20= 17.94

79.38 + 20.00= 99.38

80.00+ 17.94= 97.94

x 0.80

.
, (, , , )
.

109


9.7:

10.000

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200.000

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30

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10

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10

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10

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40

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110


9.3:

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111

CIP -
,
005.8
/
[ ... [ .] ;
]. :
, 2012 ( : Vizartis). - 111
. : . , ; 30 cm
300. - . 4: /
. - . 5: /
. -
.
ISBN 978-86-84199-34-0
1. , , 1952- []
[] [ ]
a)
COBISS.SR-ID 194918412