INTRODUCTION TO ANALYSIS (II), SPRING SEMESTER, 2014/2015

April 13 , 2015
[R] for W. Rudins, [A] for T. M. Apostols, and [M] for M. Muresans.
EXERCISES OF CHAPTER 9 (II)
[R] Ex. 9.7 9.9, 9.15, 9.16, 9.18
EXERCISES OF CHAPTER 9 (III)
[R] Ex. 9.22, 9.27 (counterexample of mixed partial derivatives), 9.29 (mixed
partial derivatives), 9.30 (Taylors expansion/theorem)
HOMEWORK 6
Due April 13 (Monday), 2015
1. Let X be a normed linear space, and X be the dual space of X. By denition,
(X ) is the dual space of X . For simplicity, this space is denoted by X , and
is called the second dual space of X.
(a) Determine X if X is nite dimensional.
(b) For each x X dene a map Lx from X into R by
Lx (f ) = f (x), f X .

(1)

Show that Lx is linear and bounded. Thus Lx X . Find the norm of Lx .

(c) Dene a map H from X into X by
H(x) = Lx , x X.

(2)

Show that H is linear, norm-preserving, and one-to-one.

(d) If H is onto, X is said to be reflexive. Give examples of reexive and
non-reexive normed linear spaces, respectively.
2. [R] Prove theorem 9.15, the chain rule, on p. 214
3. [R] Ex. 9.10 (dependence of variables)
4. [R] Ex. 9.12 (local max./min. and saddle points)
5. [R] Ex. 9.14 (directional derivatives)
6. [R] Ex. 9.17 (example of inverse function theorem)
HOMEWORK 7
Due April 20 (Monday), 2015
1. (a) Show that A L(Rn ) is invertible if and only if there exists a constant
> 0 such that Ax x for all x Rn .
(b) Observe that Ax2 = |(Ax, Ax)| = |(x, A Ax)| xA Ax. Now
prove that (i) A = A , (ii) A2 = A A = the largest
n eigenvalue

n
2
of A A. Here (, ) is the inner product of R , and x = j=1 x2j .
2. [R] Ex. 9.19 (example of implicit function theorem)
3. [R] Ex. 9.21 (example of implicit function theorem)
4. [R] Ex. 9.23 (example of implicit function theorem)
5. [R] Ex. 9.28 (counterexample of dierentiation of integrals)