Feature Parameter Description: AMR GBSS14.0

AMR
GBSS14.0
Feature Parameter Description
Issue
01
Date
2012-04-28
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and
the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be
within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or
representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address:
Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website:
http://www.huawei.com
Email:
support@huawei.com
GSM BSS
AMR
Contents
Contents
1 About This Document ..............................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience......................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1-1
2 Overview......................................................................................................................................2-1
3 Technical Description ..............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Inband Signaling............................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment ............................................................................................................... 3-2
3.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment ....................................................................... 3-4
3.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing ......................................................................................... 3-5
3.5 AMR Power Control ....................................................................................................................... 3-5
3.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment................................................................................................. 3-6
3.7 E-CODER ...................................................................................................................................... 3-6
3.8 AMR Radio Link Timer .................................................................................................................. 3-6
4 Related Features .......................................................................................................................4-1

5 Impact on the Network.............................................................................................................5-1
5.1 AMR FR ......................................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 Impact on System Capacity .................................................................................................. 5-1
5.1.2 Impact on Network Performance .......................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 AMR HR ........................................................................................................................................ 5-1
6 Engineering Guidelines ...........................................................................................................6-1

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
GSM BSS
AMR
Contents
6.1 When to Use AMR ......................................................................................................................... 6-1

6.1.1 AMR FR and AMR HR .......................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.2 AMR Power Control .............................................................................................................. 6-1
6.1.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment .............................................................. 6-1
6.1.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing ................................................................................ 6-1
6.1.5 AMR Radio Link Timer .......................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment ........................................................................................ 6-1
6.2 Information to Be Collected ........................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2.1 AMR FR and AMR HR .......................................................................................................... 6-1
6.3 Network Planning .......................................................................................................................... 6-2
6.3.1 AMR FR and AMR HR .......................................................................................................... 6-2
6.4 Deploying AMR FR and AMR HR .................................................................................................. 6-3
6.5 Deploying AMR Power Control ...................................................................................................... 6-3
6.6 Deploying AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment...................................................... 6-3
6.7 Deploying Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing ........................................................................ 6-3
6.8 Deploying AMR Radio Link Timer ................................................................................................. 6-3
6.9 Deploying AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment ............................................................................... 6-3
7 Performance Optimization .....................................................................................................7-1

7.1 AMR FR and AMR HR ................................................................................................................... 7-1
8 Parameters..................................................................................................................................8-1
9 Counters ......................................................................................................................................9-1
10 Glossary ..................................................................................................................................10-1
11 Reference Documents .........................................................................................................11-1

ii
GSM BSS
AMR
1 About This Document

1.1 Scope
This document describes the AMR feature. It describes inband signaling, adaptive multirate (AMR)
speech rate adjustment, AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment, Um Interface Speech Frame
Repairing, AMR Power Control, AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment, enhanced coding (E-CODER), and
AMR Radio Link Timer. It also includes feature dependencies, network impact, and engineering
guidelines.
1.2 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:
Personnel who need to understand the AMR feature
Personnel who work with Huawei GSM products
1.3 Change History

This section provides information on the changes in different document versions.
There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
Feature change: refers to a change in the AMR feature of a specific product version.
Editorial change: refers to a change in wording or the addition of information that was not described in
the earlier version.
Document Issues
The document issue is as follows:
01 (2012-04-28)
Draft A (2012-02-15)
01 (2012-04-28)
This is the first release of GBSS14.0.
Compared with issue draft A (2012-02-15) of GBSS14.0, issue 01 (2012-04-28) of GBSS14.0 has no
change.
Draft A (2012-02-15)
This is a draft.
Compared with issue 02 (2011-07-15) of GBSS13.0, draft A (2012-02-15) of GBSS14.0 incorporates the
changes described in the following table.
Change Type
Change Description
Parameter Change
Feature change
None
None
Editorial change
Added the following chapters:
None
Chapter 4 Related Features
Chapter 5 Impact on the Network
Chapter 6 Engineering Guidelines

1-1
GSM BSS
AMR

1-2
GSM BSS
AMR
2 Overview
2 Overview
AMR is an adaptive multi-rate voice coding/decoding, which is termed full-rate speech version 3 and
half-rate speech version 3 in GSM specifications. AMR enables the BTS and the MS to automatically
select an appropriate coding/decoding rate from the specified ACS according to the interference level in
the radio environment. This enhances the capability and the speech quality of the wireless
communication system.
AMR is classified into AMR FR and AMR HR. AMR specifies eight speech coding rates. Table 2-1 lists
the speech coding rates supported by AMR FR and AMR HR. (GBFD-115501 AMR FR, GBFD-115502
AMR HR)
Table 2-1 AMR speech coding rates
Coding Rate
AMR FR
AMR HR
4.75 kbit/s
5.15 kbit/s
5.90 kbit/s
6.70 kbit/s
7.40 kbit/s
7.95 kbit/s
10.2 kbit/s
12.2 kbit/s
NOTE
-: not supported
: supported
When SERVICEMODE of the BTS is set to IP or HDLC, Huawei BSS supports the AMR coding rate of 7.95 kbit/s.
When SERVICEMODE of the BTS is set to TDM, Huawei BSS does not support the AMR HR coding rate of 7.95 kbit/s.
As listed in Table 2-1, the coding rates of 12.2 kbit/s and 10.2 kbit/s are supported by only the AMR FR
channel. The other six types of coding rates are supported by both the AMR FR channel and the AMR
HR channel.
Each ACS contains a maximum of four coding schemes. One coding scheme corresponds to one
speech coding rate.
For an AMR FR call, the ACS contains a maximum of four speech coding rates of the eight rates listed
in Table 2-1.
For an AMR HR call, the ACS contains a maximum of four speech coding rates of the six rates listed in
Table 2-1.
When AMR is enabled on the network, the BSC selects an ACS and then a coding scheme from the
ACS during the call establishment or the handover procedure. Meanwhile, the MS and the BTS
continuously measure the receive level, receive quality, and carrier-to-interference ratio (CIR).
According to the measurement results, the MS and the BTS continuously evaluate the interference
level in the radio environment. The BTS then adjusts the speech coding rates of the MS and the BTS
according to the evaluated interference level through the inband signaling.

2-1
GSM BSS
AMR
3 Technical Description
3.1 Inband Signaling
Inband signaling is a type of signaling through which user data and control information are transmitted
on the same channel. In this document, the inband signaling refers to the AMR control information such
as the CMR and CMI that is transmitted through certain bits in the header of the Transcoder and Rate
Adaptor Unit (TRAU) frame.
During a call, the MS and the BTS continuously measure the interference level experienced by the
signals and analyze the measurement results. Based on the measurement results, the AMR control
information is then exchanged through the inband signaling to enable the BTS to adjust the speech
coding rate involved in the ongoing speech service.
The AMR control information is transmitted through certain bits in the header of the TRAU frame. The
AMR control information can be classified into the following types:
Downlink Codec Mode Request (DL CMR): The DL CMR occupies two bits in the header of the TRAU
frame. It is used by the MS to send the recommended DL coding scheme to the BTS.
Downlink Codec Mode Indication (DL CMI): The DL CMI occupies two bits in the header of the TRAU
frame. It is used by the BTS to send the current DL coding scheme to the MS.
Uplink Codec Mode Command (UL CMC): The UL CMC occupies two bits in the header of the TRAU
frame. It is used by the BTS to send the UL coding scheme that should be used by the MS to the MS.
Uplink Codec Mode Indication (UL CMI): The UL CMI occupies two bits in the header of the TRAU frame.
It is used by the MS to send the current UL coding scheme to the BTS.
Uplink Maximum Codec Mode Command (UL Max CMC): The UL Max CMC occupies three bits in the
header of the TRAU frame.
To implement AMR coding scheme adaptation, a Mode Control Entity is used in both the MS and the
BTS, as shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 AMR coding scheme adaptation
MS
Speech
Decoder
Channel
Decoder
DL CMI
UL CMC
Mode
Control
Entity
UL Max CMC
Speech
Encoder
Mode
Control
Entity
DL CMR
UL CMC
Channel
Encoder
Channel
Encoder
DL CMI
UL CMC
DL MEAS
Speech
Encoder
TRAU
BTS
UL MEAS
DL CMR
UL CMI
Channel
Decoder
Speech
Decoder
As shown in Figure 3-1, the AMR coding scheme adaptation procedure is as follows:

3-1
GSM BSS
AMR
Uplink direction
The BTS measures the receive quality of the UL speech and generates the Uplink Measurement (UL
MEAS).
The Mode Control Entity of the BTS updates the UL CMC based on the UL MEAS generated by the
BTS.
The BTS instructs the MS to change the UL coding scheme through the UL CMC.
The MS changes the UL coding scheme as indicated by the UL CMC and then sends the UL CMI to
the BTS to inform the BTS of the new UL coding scheme.
Downlink direction
The MS measures the receive quality of the DL speech and generates the Downlink Measurement (DL
MEAS). The Mode Control Entity of the MS converts the DL MEAS into the recommended DL coding
scheme. Then, the MS sends the recommended DL coding scheme to the BTS through the DL CMR.
The Mode Control Entity of the BTS updates the DL speech coding scheme based on the
recommended DL coding scheme sent from the MS.
The BTS instructs the MS to use the new DL coding scheme through the DL CMI.
3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment

AMR speech rate adjustment is the process that the AMR coding scheme of a call on a channel
frequently changes to adapt to the variations of the interference level in the radio environment.
Each AMR coding scheme has an adjustment threshold, which is used to select the coding scheme that
is best suited to the CIR or Bit Error Rate (BER) of the interference level in the radio environment. To
avoid the constant changes of the coding scheme, the process of hysteresis is introduced. The value of
the threshold ranges from 0 to 63. Value 1 indicates 0.5 dB, and value 2 indicates 1 dB. The rest may be
deduced by analogy. The value of the hysteresis ranges from 0 to 15. The hysteresis value complements
the threshold.
Figure 3-2 shows the procedure for AMR coding scheme adjustment.
Figure 3-2 Procedure for AMR coding scheme adjustment
C/I
CODEC_MODE_4
THR_3 + HYST_3 = THR_MX_Up(3)
THR_3
= THR_MX_Dn(4)
CODEC_MODE_3
THR_2
= THR_MX_Dn(3)
CODEC_MODE_2
THR_1
= THR_MX_Dn(2)
CODEC_MODE_1
THR_N: AMR Coding Rate adj.thN (1N3)

CODEC_MODE_1: indicates the lowest-bit-rate coding
scheme
HYST_N: AMR Coding Rate adj.hystN (1N3)

CODEC_MODE_2: indicates the coding scheme whose bit
rate is higher than only that of CODEC_MODE_1 (assume
that there is more than one coding scheme in the ACS)

3-2
GSM BSS
AMR
CODEC_MODE_3: indicates the coding scheme whose

bit rate is the second highest in the ACS (assume that
there are more than two coding schemes in the ACS)
CODEC_MODE_4: indicates the coding scheme whose bit

rate is the highest in the ACS (assume that there are four
coding schemes in the ACS)
Assume that the currently used coding scheme is CODEC_MODE_3. As shown in Figure 3-2, when the
CIR is greater than THR_3 plus HYST_3, the coding scheme is changed to CODEC_MODE_4; when
the CIR is smaller than THR_2, the coding scheme is changed to CODEC_MODE_2.
The procedure for AMR UL speech rate adjustment is similar to the procedure for AMR DL speech rate
adjustment. The AMR UL coding scheme is adjusted by the BTS, and the AMR DL coding scheme is
adjusted by the MS. Figure 3-3 shows the procedure through which the BTS adjusts the AMR UL coding
scheme.
Figure 3-3 Procedure through which the BTS adjusts the AMR UL coding scheme
Start
Select the initial AMR

coding rate.
Enable AMR rate

adjustment algorithm?
Y
Perform filtering for C/I
or BER data.
MS must use the AMR coding

rate of a higher level.
Filter value >

(THR_N+HYST_N)?
N
Filter value <
THR_N-1?
N
Keep the coding
rate unchanged.
MS must use the AMR coding

rate of a lower level.
Adjust the coding

rate.
End
THR_N: AMR UL Coding Rate adj.thN (1 N 3)
HYST_N: AMR UL Coding Rate adj.hystN (1 N 3)

3-3
GSM BSS
AMR
The procedure through which the BTS adjusts the AMR UL coding scheme shown in Figure 3-3 is
described as follows:
1. During AMR FR call establishment, INITCDMDF specifies which coding scheme in ACTCDSETF
should be used to make a call. During AMR HR call establishment, INITCDMDH specifies which
coding scheme in ACTCDSETH should be used to make a call.
2. The RATECTRLSW parameter specifies whether the AMR speech rate is adjusted. The setting of
this parameter is described as follows:
If
this parameter is set to ALG1(Algorithm I), the BSC adjusts the AMR speech rate based on the
CIR.
If
this parameter is set to ALG2(Algorithm II), the BSC adjusts the AMR speech rate based on the
Bit Error Rate (BER).
If
this parameter is set to NONE(None), the AMR coding rate adjustment is disabled.
3. If the RATECTRLSW parameter is set to ALG1(Algorithm I) or ALG2(Algorithm II), the AMR

coding scheme adapts to the change of the radio environment during the call according to the
configured threshold and hysteresis.
The following description takes the adjustment of the AMR FR coding scheme as an example.
The currently used coding scheme is CODEC_MODE_1.

If
the filter value is greater than ULTHF1 plus ULHYSTF1, the peer end needs to adjust the coding
scheme to CODEC_MODE_2.
In
other cases, the coding scheme remains unchanged.

If
If
the filter value is smaller than ULTHF1, the peer end needs to adjust the coding scheme to
CODEC_MODE_1.
In

If
If
CODEC_MODE_2.
In

If
CODEC_MODE_3.
In
4. If the coding scheme is to be adjusted, the BTS sends a UL CMC to the MS. The procedure for
adjusting the UL coding scheme by the BTS is complete.
The AMR HR calls use the same coding scheme policy adjustment as that used by the AMR full-rate
calls; however, they use different parameters. The AMR half-rate coding scheme involves the following
parameters: ULTHH1, ULHYSTH1, ULTHH2, ULHYSTH2, ULTHH3, and ULHYSTH3.
3.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment

Generally, network planning engineers set the ACS, threshold parameters, and hysteresis parameters
for a cell according to the evaluation of the radio channel quality. When the radio channel quality keeps
changing or the quality evaluation is inaccurate, the parameter settings do not meet the requirements of

3-4
GSM BSS
AMR
the speech services in the cell. In this case, the appropriate AMR coding scheme cannot be selected for
a call, and the quality of the speech services is affected.
The AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment feature enables the BSC to monitor the speech
quality in real time and to adaptively modify the threshold parameters. Therefore, an appropriate AMR
coding scheme can always be selected for the call. (GBFD-115506 AMR Coding Rate Threshold
Adaptive Adjustment)
The principle for uplink adaptive adjustment of the threshold is the same as that for downlink adaptive
adjustment of the threshold.
When the BSC sends the BTS a channel activation or a speech coding scheme modification message,
the channel activation or the speech coding scheme modification message carries LTFERUPTH,
LTFERLOWTH, LTFERTGT, and LTTHADJFA, if AMRUADTHAW in the cell is set to YES(Yes) and the
call is an AMR call. On receiving the message, the BTS adaptively adjusts the AMR coding scheme for
the call.
When the BSC sends the BTS a channel activation or a speech coding scheme modification message,
the channel activation or the speech coding scheme modification message carries DLLTFERUPTH,
DLLTFERLOWTH, DLLTFERTGT, and DLLTTHADJFA, if AMRDADTHAW in the cell is set to YES(Yes)
and the call is an AMR call. On receiving the message, the BTS adaptively adjusts the AMR coding
scheme for the call.
3.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

This feature automatically repairs the bit-error speech frames over the Um interface, thereby minimizing
the impact of the bit-error speech frames on speech performance. This feature is implemented by
applying an enhanced decoding technique to the Um interface. (GBFD-115708 Um Interface Speech
Frame Repairing)
This feature, applicable to only the uplink, repairs speech frames in the source and channel decoding of
EFR and three types of AMR: 4.75 kbit/s, 7.40 kbit/s, and 12.2 kbit/s. Therefore, this feature improves
the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) by 0.1 to 0.2 when the CIR is low.
To enable the Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing feature, set UMSFRSWITCH to YES(Yes).
3.5 AMR Power Control

The procedure of power control for AMR calls is similar to that for non-AMR calls. (GBFD-115503 AMR
Power Control)
In Huawei II power control algorithm and Huawei III power control algorithm, parameters related to AMR
power control are configured separately from those related to non-AMR power control. The AMR calls
and non-AMR calls can adopt different power control strategies. For details, see the Power Control
Feature Parameter Description. The following lists the parameters related to AMR power control.
AMRPCADJPERIOD
AMRULLEVFTLEN
AMRDLLEVFTLEN
AMRULQUAFTLEN
AMRDLQUAFTLEN
AMRMRCOMPREG
AMRULPREDLEND
AMRDLPREDLEND
AMRULSSHTHRED

3-5
GSM BSS
AMR
AMRULSSLTHRED
AMRULQHTHRED
AMRULQLOWTHRED
AMRDLSSHTHRED
AMRDLSSLTHRED
AMRDLQHTHRED
AMRDLQLTHRED
AMRMAXSTEP0
AMRMAXSTEP1
AMRMAXSTEP2
AMRQUALSTEP
AMRMAXVALADJRX
AMRMAXADJPCVAL
AMRULQUALBADTRIG
AMRULQUALBADUPLEV
AMRDLQUALBADTRIG
AMRDLQUALBADUPLEV
AMRBTSPWRNUM
3.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

The AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment feature is introduced in both handover algorithm I and handover
algorithm II. For details, see the Handover Feature Parameter Description
This feature optimally balances the speech quality and the system capacity.
Before implementing the intra-cell AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment, you must enable the half-rate service and AMR HR.
3.7 E-CODER
Enhanced Coding (E-CODER) optimizes AMR coding modules, therefore improving AMR voice quality.
The emulation results show that E-CODER improves the MOS by 0.05 to 0.12. E-CODER is not
supported when A over IP and TFO are enabled. E-CODER is supported only in downlink.
To enable the E-CODER function, set EncodeMode to ECODEC(Enhanced code mode).
3.8 AMR Radio Link Timer

AMR calls have stronger robustness than common calls. Therefore, AMR calls maintain good voice
quality at a low rate even if common calls drop due to poor radio link quality. Setting the radio link timer
for AMR calls to the same value as that for common calls will cause unexpected AMR call drops. This
deteriorates user experience.
The Huawei BSC allows users to set radio link timers for AMR calls and common calls separately. The
radio link timers for AMR calls are classified into AMR FR and AMR HR radio link timers. Setting the
radio link timer for AMR calls longer than that for common calls ensures that AMR calls are maintained
for a long time in a poor radio environment. This reduces the call drop rate.
The AMR FR radio link timer is determined by the AFRDSBLCNT and AFRSAMULFRM parameters.
The AMR HR radio link timer is determined by the AHRDSBLCNT and AHRSAMULFRM parameters.

3-6
GSM BSS
AMR
4 Related Features
4 Related Features
Table 4-1 Related features
Feature
Prerequisite Feature
Mutually Exclusive
Feature
Affected Feature
AMR FR
None
None
None
AMR HR
GBFD-113401 Half Rate

Speech
None
None
AMR Power Control
GBFD-115501 AMR FR
None
None
GBFD-117501
Enhanced Measurement
Report (EMR)
GBFD-115701 TFO
None
GBFD-115501 AMR FR
GBFD-117701 BSC Local

Switch
GBFD-115502 AMR HR
AMR Coding Rate
Threshold Adaptive
Adjustment
GBFD-115502 AMR HR
GBFD-117702 BTS Local

Switch
GBFD-118602 A over IP
GBFD-118622 A IP over
E1/T1
Um Interface Speech
Frame Repairing
None
None
None
AMR Radio Link Timer
GBFD-115501 AMR FR
None
None
None
None
GBFD-115502 AMR HR
AMR FR/HR Dynamic
Adjustment
GBFD-115501 AMR FR
GBFD-115502 AMR HR
GBFD-110601 HUAWEI
I Handover
GBFD-510501 HUAWEI
II Handover

4-1
GSM BSS
AMR
5 Impact on the Network

5.1 AMR FR
5.1.1 Impact on System Capacity
The AMR FR feature provides a strong anti-interference capability to calls. This allows tight frequency
reuse and increases system capacity.
With this feature, calls in some weak coverage areas can be maintained. This reduces the possibility of
active hang-ups, increasing the traffic volume.
5.1.2 Impact on Network Performance

The voice quality of 12.2 kbit/s AMR FR calls is equivalent to that of EFR calls and is better than that of
FR calls. In areas with weak signals, the voice quality of low-rate AMR FR calls is much better than that
of EFR and FR calls because of strong robustness of AMR FR calls.
5.2 AMR HR
When network capacity is limited, the AMR HR feature increases system capacity and reduces the
network congestion rate while maintaining acceptable voice quality.

The voice quality of 7.4 kbit/s AMR HR calls is better than that of HR calls. In weak coverage areas, the
voice quality of low-rate AMR HR calls is much better than that of HR calls because of strong robustness
of AMR HR calls.

The AMR Power Control feature improves the anti-interference capability. This allows tight frequency
reuse and increases system capacity.

AMR optimizes the speech codec but not the signaling codec. Therefore, AMR slightly affects the
handover success rate theoretically. AMR can expand the radio network coverage. Therefore, MSs can
make calls even if they are located in weak coverage areas. However, the receive quality in
measurement reports (MRs) is poor, leading to bad quality handovers. When AMR is enabled, the
number of bad quality handovers may increase. When the AMR Power Control feature is enabled,
network interference decreases, and the number of handovers due to interference decreases.
This feature enhances the anti-interference capability for AMR calls, improving voice quality experience
of subscribers in weak coverage areas.

None

5-1
GSM BSS
AMR

The AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment feature makes AMR coding rate adjustment
thresholds and hysteresis more adaptive to the Um interface quality, improving the voice quality.

None

In weak coverage areas with low a CIR, the Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing feature reduces the
proportion of frame loss due to poor signal quality, improving the voice quality.

None

AMR FR improves the robustness of AMR FR speech frames but not the robustness of SACCH signaling
frames. Therefore, AMR FR does not affect the TCH call drop rate theoretically. In practice, however,
when AMR FR is enabled, the TCH call drop rate increases because of the following causes:
For EFR/FR/HR calls, SACCH signaling frames have the similar robustness to that of speech frames.
Therefore, a subscriber in a weak coverage area may hang up the phone because of poor
conversation quality. Such a hang-up is not counted as a call drop. However, such a hang-up for an
AMR call is counted as a call drop.
When AMR FR is enabled, the robustness of AMR FR speech frames is stronger than that of SACCH
signaling frames. Therefore, speech frames area can be correctly decoded in a weak coverage, and
therefore subscribers will not hang up the phone. SACCH frames, however, cannot be correctly
decoded. Therefore, RLT expires, and call drops occur, leading to an increase in the TCH call drop
rate.
AMR FR and AMR HR incorporates the following parameters: AFRDSBLCNT, AHRDSBLCNT,

AFRSAMULFRM, and AHRSAMULFRM. By modifying the settings of these parameters, you can
improve the robustness of SACCH signaling frames and enhance network coverage performance using
AMR to decrease the TCH call drop rate.

Conversion from AMR FR to AMR HR increases network capacity and decreases network deployment
costs while maintaining voice quality.

Conversion from AMR HR to AMR FR improves the Um interface quality when the radio link quality
deteriorates. This improves network performance.

5-2
GSM BSS
AMR
6 Engineering Guidelines
6.1 When to Use AMR
6.1.1 AMR FR and AMR HR
It is recommended that the AMR FR or AMR HR feature be used in the following scenarios:
Capacity-sufficient scenarios: If the number of AMR calls reach a certain proportion, enable AMR FR
or AMR HR in some cells to improve voice quality and user experience.
Capacity-limited scenarios: Based on the strong anti-interference capability of AMR, tight frequency
reuse can be used. Based on the similarity of voice quality between AMR FR used with AMR HR and
AMR FR, some HR channels can be used to improve the network capacity while maintaining network
quality.
6.1.2 AMR Power Control

It is recommended that the AMR Power Control feature be used with AMR FR or AMR HR. This
enhances anti-interference capability, increases network capacity, and improves voice quality.
6.1.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment

It is recommended that the AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment feature be used when
radio link quality varies frequently or network planning personnel are difficult to predict radio quality. With
this feature, the BTS adaptively adjusts AMR coding rate thresholds to ensure AMR performance.
6.1.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

It is recommended that the Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing feature be used when poor uplink
receive quality causes a high uplink Frame Erase Ratio (FER). This feature repairs speech frames,
improving uplink voice quality.
6.1.5 AMR Radio Link Timer

It is recommended that the AMR Radio Link Timer feature be used with AMR FR or AMR HR. This
decreases the call drop rate and improves user experience.
6.1.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

It is recommended that the AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment feature be used in a capacity-limited
scenario where both AMR FR and AMR HR are used. This helps balance cell capacity and voice quality.
6.2 Information to Be Collected

Before deploying the AMR FR or AMR HR feature, collect the following information: AMR-capable MS
penetration rate and Um-interface coverage quality. For AMR HR deployment, you also need to learn
about the network load. If the network is congested, you are advised to enable AMR HR.

None

6-1
GSM BSS
AMR

Before deploying the AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment feature, analyze network
interference and determine AMR coding rate adjustment thresholds. This feature supports the functions
of uplink and downlink AMR coding rate threshold adaptive adjustment. The downlink AMR coding rate
threshold adaptive adjustment function depends on the Enhanced Measurement Report (EMR) feature.
Before enabling this function, collect the EMR-capable MS penetration rate.

Before deploying the Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing feature, check whether there are a large
number of calls with poor uplink quality.

Before deploying the AMR Radio Link Timer feature, collect the AMR FR or AMR HR call drop rate.

Before deploying the AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment feature, check whether the network is congested
and whether AMR HR is enabled.
6.3 Network Planning

RF Planning
According to the impact of AMR on network capacity and quality, RF planning for AMR is as follows:
Compared with FR and EFR, AMR supports a lower CIR with the same voice quality. In addition, AMR
improves network performance in a tight frequency reuse pattern. Therefore, you can configure some
channels on a TRX as AMR HR channels with the same network frequency planning so that these AMR
HR channels are allocated to AMR calls. This increases system capacity.
Certain MSs do not support AMR. Therefore, you must appropriately plan the network capacity based on
the AMR-capable MS penetration rate and select a proper frequency reuse pattern for frequency
planning. If you perform network planning without considering the MSs that do not support AMR, the
overall network KPIs deteriorate.
Network Topology
N/A
Hardware Planning
N/A

N/A

N/A

6-2
GSM BSS
AMR

N/A

N/A

N/A
6.4 Deploying AMR FR and AMR HR

For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring AMR.
6.5 Deploying AMR Power Control

6.6 Deploying AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive

Adjustment
For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring AMR Coding Rate
Threshold Adaptive Adjustment.
6.7 Deploying Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring Um Interface
Speech Frame Repairing.
6.8 Deploying AMR Radio Link Timer

6.9 Deploying AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring HUAWEI II
Handover.

6-3
GSM BSS
AMR
7 Performance Optimization
7.1 AMR FR and AMR HR
Monitoring
You can monitor the counters related to channel usage for the AMR FR and AMR HR traffic in a cell to
determine whether the network performance needs to be optimized. Table 7-1 lists the related counters.
Table 7-1 Counters related to channel usage for the AMR FR and AMR HR traffic
Counter Description
Counter Name
A0409I:Full Rate AMR TCH Successful

Call Occupancy Times (Service Channel)
CELL.CALL.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHF.AMR
A0409J:Full Rate AMR TCH Successful

Handover Occupancy Times (Service
Channel)
CELL.CALL.HO.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHF.AMR
AR3551C:Traffic Volume on AMR TCHFs
CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHF.AMR.TRAF.AVE
A0409L:Half Rate AMR TCH Successful

Call Occupancy Times (Service Channel)
CELL.CALL.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHH.AMR
A0409M:Half Rate AMR TCH Successful

Handover Occupancy Times (Service
Channel)
CELL.CALL.HO.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHH.AMR
AR3552C:Traffic Volume on AMR TCHHs
CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHH.AMR.TRAF.AVE
Parameter Optimization
To adjust the AMR FR and AMR HR traffic, run the BSC6900 MML command SET GCELLCHMGAD
with TCHBUSYTHRES set to an appropriate value. If this parameter is set to a large value, the AMR FR
traffic increases. If this parameter is set to a small value, the AMR HR traffic increases.

N/A

N/A

N/A

Monitoring
You can monitor the counters related to AMR FR and AMR HR call drops to determine whether the
network performance needs to be optimized. Table 7-2 lists the related counters.

7-1
GSM BSS
AMR
Table 7-2 Counters related to AMR FR and AMR HR call drops

Counter Description
Counter Name
M0121A:Full Rate AMR Service Channel

Call Drop Times
CELL.CALL.DROP.AMRFR.CAll.FAIL
M0121B:Half Rate AMR Service Channel

Call Drop Times
CELL.CALL.DROP.AMRHR.CAll.FAIL
A0409N:Full Rate AMR Call Drop Rate
CELL.CALL.DROP.CALL.RATE.TCHF.AMR
A0409P:Half Rate AMR Call Drop Rate
CELL.CALL.DROP.CALL.RATE.TCHH.AMR
Parameter Optimization
To adjust the effect of the AMR Radio Link Timer feature, run the BSC6900 MML command SET
GCELLCCBASIC with AFRSAMULFRM, AHRSAMULFRM, AFRDSBLCNT, and AHRDSBLCNT set to
appropriate values. The larger the value of this parameter, the lower the call drop rate, but the more
channel resources are wasted. The smaller the value of this parameter, the fewer channel resources are
wasted, but the higher the call drop rate.

See the Handover Feature Parameter Description.

7-2
GSM BSS
AMR
8 Parameters
8 Parameters
Table 8-1 Parameter description
Parameter ID NE
MML
Command
Description
Meaning: Active coding set (ACS)[F], indicates a set of

ACTCDSETF BSC6900 SET
GCELLCCAMR full-rate coding rates currently available for calls. The AMR is
a set of multiple speech coding and decoding rates.If an IP
based user plane A-Interface is chosen,5.15KBIT/S will not
be included(see 3GPP TS 28.062).
GUI Value Range: 4_75KBIT/S, 5_15KBIT/S, 5_90KBIT/S,
6_70KBIT/S, 7_40KBIT/S, 7_95KBIT/S, 10_2KBIT/S,
12_2KBIT/S
Actual Value Range: 4_75KBIT/S, 5_15KBIT/S, 5_90KBIT/S,
6_70KBIT/S, 7_40KBIT/S, 7_95KBIT/S, 10_2KBIT/S,
12_2KBIT/S
Default Value:
4_75KBIT/S-1&5_15KBIT/S-0&5_90KBIT/S-1&6_70KBIT/S0&7_40KBIT/S-1&7_95KBIT/S-0&10_2KBIT/S-0&12_2KBIT/
S-1
Unit: None
Meaning: Counter for radio link failures during an AMR full
AFRDSBLCNT BSC6900 SET
GCELLCCBASI rate call. See the description of "Radio Link Timeout" in "SET
C
GCELLCCBASIC".
GUI Value Range: 4_Times, 8_Times, 12_Times, 16_Times,
20_Times, 24_Times, 28_Times, 32_Times, 36_Times,
60_Times, 64_Times
Actual Value Range: 1920~30720
Default Value: 64_Times
Unit: 480ms
AFRSAMULF BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Number of SACCH multiframes during an AMR full
RM
GCELLCCBASI rate call. See the description of "SACCH Multi-Frames" in
C
"SET GCELLCCBASIC".
GUI Value Range: 0~63
Default Value: 48
Unit: 480ms
AHRDSBLCN BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Counter for radio link failures during an AMR half
T
GCELLCCBASI rate call. See the description of "Radio Link Timeout" in "SET
C
GCELLCCBASIC".
60_Times, 64_Times

8-1
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
Unit: 480ms
AHRSAMULF BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Number of SACCH multiframes during an AMR
RM
GCELLCCBASI half rate call. See the description of "SACCH Multi-Frames"
C
in "SET GCELLCCBASIC".
Default Value: 32
Unit: 480ms
AMRBTSPWR BSC6900 SET
NUM
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Maximum degree by which the BSC can control the

power of the AMR BTS dynamically
Default Value: 16
Unit: 2dB
AMRDADTHA BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to enable the adaptive adjustment
W
GCELLCCAMR function of AMR downlink threshold. After this function is
enabled, the BTS estimates the long-term voice quality
(indicated by the long-term FER(frame erase ratio)) and
compares the estimated result with the specified target voice
quality. If the estimated result does not conform to the target
voice quality, it indicates that the current AMR handover
threshold is not the best for the current radio conditions. In
this case, the BSC6900 adjusts threshold adaptively
according to the relationship between the estimated voice
quality and the target voice quality.
GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)
Actual Value Range: NO, YES
Default Value: NO(No)
Unit: None
AMRDLLEVFT BSC6900 SET
LEN
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Number of measurement reports sampled for

averaging downlink AMR signal strength. A single
measurement report cannot reflect the actual network
situations accurately. Therefore, the BSC needs to average
the measured values in several successive measurement
reports to reflect the radio environment.
Actual Value Range: TCH:480~9600, step:480;
SDCCH:470~9400, step:470
Default Value: 5
Unit: ms
AMRDLPRED BSC6900 SET

LEND
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Number of downlink AMR measurement reports

that the BSC predicts. The BSC takes a while to confirm the

8-2
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
power control effect of a power control command. Thus, the
BSC makes a power control decision based on a
measurement report that lags behind the changes in the
receive level and quality instead of reflecting the real-time
radio environment. As a result, the power control is late.
To prevent late power control to a specified degree, the
power control algorithm involves a measurement report
prediction filter. The BSC can sample several downlink
measurement reports in a short time and filter them
according to a specific weight to predict future N
measurement reports.
This parameter specifies the number N.
Default Value: 0
Unit: None
AMRDLQHTH BSC6900 SET

RED
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Quality level threshold for decreasing downlink

AMR signal power. If the BTS transmits AMR signals at a
quality level less than "AMR DL Qual. Upper Threshold", the
BSC decreases the power of the BTS. If (downlink receive
level - "AMR MAX Down Adj. PC Value by Qual.") < "AMR
DL RX_LEV Lower Threshold", the BSC does not adjust the
transmit power.
Default Value: 0
Unit: None
AMRDLQLTH BSC6900 SET

RED
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Quality level threshold for increasing downlink

AMR signal power. If the BTS transmits AMR signals at a
quality level greater than "AMR DL Qual. Lower Threshold",
the BSC increases the power of the BTS. If (downlink receive
level + "AMR MAX Up Adj. PC Value by Qual.") > "AMR DL
RX_LEV Upper Threshold", the BSC does not adjust the
transmit power.
Default Value: 3
Unit: None
AMRDLQUAF BSC6900 SET

TLEN
GCELLPWR2

averaging downlink AMR signal quality. A single
measurement report cannot reflect the actual network
situations accurately. Therefore, the BSC needs to average
the measured values in several successive measurement
reports to reflect the radio environment.

8-3
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
SDCCH:470~9400, step:470
Default Value: 5
Unit: ms
AMRDLQUAL BSC6900 SET

BADTRIG
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: During downlink power control, if the downlink

receive quality level is equal to or greater than this threshold,
"AMR DL RX_LEV Upper Threshold" is increased by "AMR
DL Qual Bad UpLEVDiff" to further increase the expected
downlink power level.
Default Value: 2
Unit: None
AMRDLQUAL BSC6900 SET

BADUPLEV
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: During downlink power control, if the downlink

receive quality level is equal to or greater than "AMR DL
Qual Bad Trig Threshold", "AMR DL RX_LEV Upper
Threshold" is increased by "AMR DL Qual Bad UpLEVDiff" to
further increase the expected downlink power level.
Default Value: 8
Unit: dB
AMRDLSSHT BSC6900 SET

HRED
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Upper threshold for downlink AMR signal strength.

If the downlink received AMR signal level is greater than this
threshold, a power decrease is computed. Then, the power is
decreased by the least of the power decrease, maximum
power adjustment step allowed by the quality zone to which
the received signal quality belongs, and "AMR MAX Down
Adj. PC Value by Qual.".
Power decrease = downlink received signal level - ("AMR DL
RX_LEV Upper Threshold" + "AMR DL RX_LEV Lower
Threshold")/2
The maximum power adjustment step allowed by the quality
zone is chosen from "AMR MAX Down Adj. Value Qual. Zone
0", "AMR MAX Down Adj. Value Qual. Zone 1", and "AMR
MAX Down Adj. Value Qual. Zone 2" according to the quality
zone.
Default Value: 33
Unit: dB
AMRDLSSLTH BSC6900 SET

RED
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Lower threshold for downlink AMR signal strength.

If the downlink received AMR signal level is less than this

8-4
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
threshold, a power increase is computed. Then, the power is
increased by the least of the power increase, "AMR MAX Up
Adj. PC Value by RX_LEV", and "AMR MAX Up Adj. PC
Value by Qual.".
Power increase = ("AMR DL RX_LEV Upper Threshold" +
"AMR DL RX_LEV Lower Threshold")/2 - downlink received
signal level.
Default Value: 25
Unit: dB
AMRMAXADJ BSC6900 SET

PCVAL
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Maximum step by which the power can be

increased according to received signal quality.
Default Value: 8
Unit: dB
AMRMAXSTE BSC6900 SET

P0
GCELLPWR2

decreased when the received signal quality belongs to
quality zone 0.
Huawei power control algorithm generation II classifies the
received signal quality into three quality zones. The
maximum step by which the power can be decreased
according to signal level varies according to the quality
zones.
Default Value: 2
Unit: dB

P1
GCELLPWR2

quality zone 1.
zones.
Default Value: 0
Unit: dB

P2
GCELLPWR2


8-5
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
quality zone 2.
zones.
Default Value: 0
Unit: dB
AMRMAXVAL BSC6900 SET

ADJRX
GCELLPWR2

increased according to received signal level.
Default Value: 8
Unit: dB
AMRMRCOM BSC6900 SET

PREG
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Whether to enable the compensation of AMR

measurement reports in Huawei power control algorithm II.
If this parameter is set to YES, Huawei power control
algorithm II puts a currently received measurement report
into the measurement report compensation queue. Then, the
algorithm records the change in the transmit power based on
the MS/BTS power in the measurement report. According to
the power change, the algorithm compensates the received
signal level in a history measurement report after
measurement report interpolation.
Before making a power control decision, the BSC samples
and weights the received signal level and quality in several
history measurement reports. The MS/BTS transmit power
varies over these measurement reports. To ensure the
accuracy of the received signal level and quality to be
weighted, the power control algorithm needs to compensate
the received signal level and quality in the history
measurement reports where the transmit power differs from
the current transmit power.
Default Value: YES(Yes)
Unit: None
AMRPCADJP BSC6900 SET

ERIOD
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Minimum interval between two consecutive AMR

power control commands.
Default Value: 3

8-6
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
Unit: 480ms
AMRQUALST BSC6900 SET

EP
GCELLPWR2

decreased according to received signal quality.
Default Value: 4
Unit: dB
AMRUADTHA BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Whether to enable the adaptive adjustment
W
GCELLCCAMR function of AMR uplink threshold. After this function is
enabled, the BTS estimates the long-term voice quality
(indicated by the long-term FER(frame erase ratio)) and
compares the estimated result with the specified target voice
quality. If the estimated result does not conform to the target
voice quality, it indicates that the current AMR handover
threshold is the best for the current radio conditions. In this
case, the BSC6900 uses the relevant algorithm to adjust the
adaptive threshold according to the relation between the
estimated voice quality and the target voice quality.
Unit: None
AMRULLEVFT BSC6900 SET
LEN
GCELLPWR2

averaging uplink AMR signal strength. A single measurement
report cannot reflect the actual network situations accurately.
Therefore, the BSC needs to average the measured values
in several successive measurement reports to reflect the
radio environment.
SDCCH:470~9400, step:470
Default Value: 5
Unit: ms
AMRULPRED BSC6900 SET

LEND
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Number of uplink AMR measurement reports that

the BSC predicts. The BSC takes a while to confirm the
power control effect of a power control command. Therefore,
the BSC makes a power control decision based on a
measurement report that lags behind the changes in the
receive level and quality instead of reflecting the real-time
radio environment. As a result, the power control is late.
To avoid late power control to some extent, the power control
algorithm involves a measurement report prediction filter.
The BSC can sample several downlink measurement reports
in a short time and then weigh them to predict future N
measurement reports.

8-7
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
This parameter specifies the number N.
Default Value: 0
Unit: None
AMRULQHTH BSC6900 SET

RED
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Quality level threshold for decreasing the power of

an uplink AMR call. If the MS transmits AMR signals at a
quality level less than "AMR ULQual. Upper Threshold", the
BTS decreases the power of the MS. If (uplink receive level "AMR MAX Down Adj. PC Value by Qual.") < "AMR UL
RX_LEV Lower Threshold", the BTS does not adjust the
transmit power.
Default Value: 0
Unit: None
AMRULQLOW BSC6900 SET

THRED
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Quality level threshold for increasing the power of

an uplink AMR call. If the MS transmits AMR signals at a
quality level greater than "AMR UL Qual. Lower Threshold",
the BTS increases the power of the MS. If (uplink receive
level + "AMR MAX Up Adj. PC Value by Qual.") > "AMR UL
RX_LEV Upper Threshold", the BTS does not adjust the
transmit power.
Default Value: 3
Unit: None
AMRULQUAF BSC6900 SET

TLEN
GCELLPWR2

averaging uplink AMR signal quality. A single measurement
report cannot reflect the actual network situations accurately.
Therefore, the BSC needs to average the measured values
in several successive measurement reports to reflect the
radio environment.
SDCCH:470~9400, step:470
Default Value: 5
Unit: ms
AMRULQUAL BSC6900 SET

BADTRIG
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: During uplink power control, if the uplink receive

quality level is equal to or greater than this threshold, "AMR
UL RX_LEV Upper Threshold" is increased by "AMR UL
Qual. Bad UpLEVDiff" to further increase the expected uplink
power level.

8-8
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
Default Value: 3
Unit: None
AMRULQUAL BSC6900 SET

BADUPLEV
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: During uplink power control, if the uplink receive

quality level is equal to or greater than "AMR UL Qual. Bad
Trig Threshold", "AMR UL RX_LEV Upper Threshold" is
increased by "AMR UL Qual. Bad UpLEVDiff" to further
increase the expected uplink power level.
Default Value: 6
Unit: dB
AMRULSSHT BSC6900 SET

HRED
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Upper threshold for uplink AMR signal strength

If the uplink received AMR signal level is greater than this
threshold, a power decrease is computed. Then, the power is
decreased by the least of the power decrease, maximum
power adjustment step allowed by the quality zone to which
the received signal quality belongs, and "AMR MAX Down
Adj. PC Value by Qual.".
Power decrease = uplink received signal level - ("AMR UL
RX_LEV Upper Threshold" + "AMR UL RX_LEV Lower
Threshold")/2
The maximum power adjustment step allowed by the quality
zone is chosen from "AMR MAX Down Adj. Value Qual. Zone
0", "AMR MAX Down Adj. Value Qual. Zone 1", and "AMR
MAX Down Adj. Value Qual. Zone 2" according to the quality
zone.
Default Value: 30
Unit: dB
AMRULSSLTH BSC6900 SET

RED
GCELLPWR2
Meaning: Lower threshold for uplink AMR signal strength.

If the uplink received AMR signal level is less than this
threshold, a power increase is computed. Then, the power is
increased by the least of the power increase, "AMR MAX Up
Adj. PC Value by RX_LEV", and "AMR MAX Up Adj. PC
Value by Qual.".
Power increase = ("AMR UL RX_LEV Upper Threshold" +
"AMR UL RX_LEV Lower Threshold")/2 - uplink received
signal level.

8-9
GSM BSS
AMR
Parameter ID NE
8 Parameters
MML
Command
Description
Default Value: 18
Unit: dB
DLLTFERLOW BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Lower voice quality threshold associated with the
TH
GCELLCCAMR automatic adjustment of the AMR downlink handover
threshold. The value of this parameter must be smaller than
or equal to the value of "Downlink Long-term FER Target".
Default Value: 2
Unit: None
Meaning: Target value of the voice quality automatically
DLLTFERTGT BSC6900 SET
GCELLCCAMR adjusted through the downlink threshold of AMR handover
Default Value: 8
Unit: None
DLLTFERUPT BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Upper voice quality threshold associated with the
H
GCELLCCAMR automatic adjustment of the AMR handover downlink
threshold.
Default Value: 60
Unit: None
DLLTTHADJF BSC6900 SET
Meaning: Factor of downlink threshold adjustment. It
A
GCELLCCAMR indicates the linear relation between the threshold
adjustment value and the logarithmic FER.
Default Value: 40
Unit: None
EncodeMode BSC6900 SET TCPARA
Meaning: Whether to improve the voice quality of AMR and

EFR services. If this switch is turned on, the downlink MOS
of AMR and EFR services is significantly improved. This
parameter is used in A over TDM.
GUI Value Range: STANDARD(Standard code mode),
ECODEC(Enhanced code mode)
Actual Value Range: STANDARD, ECODEC
Default Value: STANDARD(Standard code mode)
Unit: None
LTFERLOWT BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Lower voice quality threshold associated with the
H
GCELLCCAMR automatic adjustment of the AMR handover uplink

8-10
GSM BSS
AMR
8 Parameters
Parameter ID NE
MML
Command
Description
threshold;The value of this parameter must be smaller than
or equal to the value of Uplink Long-term FER Target.
Default Value: 2
Unit: None
LTFERTGT
Meaning: Target voice quality value associated with the

BSC6900 SET
GCELLCCAMR automatic adjustment of the uplink threshold of AMR
handover
Default Value: 8
Unit: None
Meaning: Upper voice quality threshold associated with the

LTFERUPTH BSC6900 SET
GCELLCCAMR automatic adjustment of the AMR handover uplink threshold
Default Value: 60
Unit: None
LTTHADJFA
Meaning: Factor of uplink threshold adjustment. It indicates

BSC6900 SET
GCELLCCAMR the linear relation between the threshold adjustment value
and the logarithmic FER.
Default Value: 40
Unit: None
RATECTRLS BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Switch for controlling the AMR rate. Value ALG1
W
GCELLCCAMR indicates that C/I is used to control the AMR rate. Value
ALG2 indicates that BER is used to control the AMR rate.
GUI Value Range: ALG1(Algorithm I), ALG2(Algorithm II),
NONE(None)
Actual Value Range: ALG1, ALG2, NONE
Default Value: ALG1(Algorithm I)
Unit: None
RLT
Meaning: Time for disconnecting a call when the MS fails to

BSC6900 SET
GCELLCCBASI decode the SACCH. Once a dedicated channel is assigned
C
to the MS, the counter S is enabled and the initial value is set
to this parameter value.
Each time an SACCH message is not decoded, the counter
S decreases by 1. Each time an SACCH message is
correctly decoded, the counter S increases by 2. When the
counter S is equal to 0, the downlink radio link is considered

8-11
GSM BSS
AMR
8 Parameters
Parameter ID NE
MML
Command
Description
as failed. Therefore, when the voice or data quality is
degraded to an unacceptable situation and it cannot be
improved through power control or channel handover, the
connection is to be re-established or released.
60_Times, 64_Times
Unit: 480ms
SERVICEMOD BSC6900 ADD BTS

E
MOD BTS
Meaning: Service type of the BTS.

TDM:Time Division Multiplex Mode;
HDLC:High level Data Link Control Mode;
HDLC_HubBTS:Hub Base Transceiver Station Mode. This
value is available for versions earlier than current version
only. It is retained here for compatibility concerns only;
IP:Internet Protocol Mode.
GUI Value Range: TDM, HDLC, HDLC_HubBTS, IP
Actual Value Range: TDM, HDLC, HubBTS, IP
Default Value: TDM
Unit: None
TCHBUSYTH BSC6900 SET

Meaning: If the current channel seizure ratio reaches or
RES
GCELLCHMGA exceeds this value, the half-rate TCH is assigned
D
preferentially; otherwise, the full-rate TCH is assigned
preferentially.
Default Value: 60
Unit: %
ULHYSTF1
Meaning: Based on the RQI in the measurement report or

BSC6900 SET
GCELLCCAMR BER calculated by the RQI, the BTS and MS automatically
adjust the current speech coding rate according to the
related algorithm. The coding rate adjustment threshold is
the RQI threshold. The RQI indicates the
carrier-to-interference ratio (CIR) of a call. If RQI equals 1,
the CIR is 0.5 dB; if RQI equals 2, the CIR is 1 dB; and so
forth. Since there are multiple coding rates in the ACS, there
is an adjustment threshold and an adjustment hysteresis
between the adjacent coding rates.
Actual Value Range: 0~7.5
Default Value: 2

8-12
GSM BSS
AMR
8 Parameters
Parameter ID NE
MML
Command
Description
Unit: 0.5dB
ULHYSTF2

BSC6900 SET
Default Value: 3
Unit: 0.5dB
ULHYSTF3

BSC6900 SET
Default Value: 3
Unit: 0.5dB
ULHYSTH1

BSC6900 SET
Default Value: 2
Unit: 0.5dB
ULHYSTH2

BSC6900 SET

8-13
GSM BSS
AMR
8 Parameters
Parameter ID NE
MML
Command
Description
Default Value: 2
Unit: 0.5dB
ULHYSTH3

BSC6900 SET
Default Value: 15
Unit: 0.5dB
ULTHF1

BSC6900 SET
Default Value: 14
Unit: 0.5dB
ULTHF2

BSC6900 SET

8-14
GSM BSS
AMR
8 Parameters
Parameter ID NE
MML
Command
Description
Default Value: 18
Unit: 0.5dB
ULTHF3

BSC6900 SET
Default Value: 24
Unit: 0.5dB
ULTHH1

BSC6900 SET
Default Value: 20
Unit: 0.5dB
ULTHH2

BSC6900 SET

8-15
GSM BSS
AMR
8 Parameters
Parameter ID NE
MML
Command
Description
Default Value: 26
Unit: 0.5dB
ULTHH3

BSC6900 SET
Default Value: 63
Unit: 0.5dB
UMSFRSWIT BSC6900 SET

Meaning: Switch for Um interface speech frame repair. When
CH
GCELLCCBASI this parameter is set to YES, Um interface speech frame
C
repair is enabled. When this parameter is set to NO, Um
interface speech frame repair is disabled.
Unit: None

8-16
GSM BSS
AMR
9 Counters
9 Counters
Table 9-1 Counter description
Counter
ID
Counter Name
Counter Description
Feature ID
127807651 CELL.ASS.CMP.SPEECH.VER.3.DIRE A3111A:Cell Assignment Complete

4
CT.RETRY.DR.TCHF
Times of Speech Version 3 (Direct
Retry) (TCHF)
GBFD-1155
01
127807651 CELL.ASS.CMP.SPEECH.VER.3.DIRE A3112A:Cell Assignment Complete

5
CT.RETRY.DR.TCHH
Times of Speech Version 3 (Direct
Retry) (TCHH)
GBFD-1155
02
127807752 CELL.INTRACELL.HO.DETECT.SPEE H3099X:BSC Intra-cell Handover

8
CH.VER.3.TCHF
Detection Times (AMR) (TCHF)
GBFD-1155
01
127807752 CELL.INTRACELL.HO.DETECT.SPEE H3099Y:BSC Intra-cell Handover

9
CH.VER.3.TCHH
Detection Times (AMR) (TCHH)
GBFD-1155
02
127808048 CELL.BSCTOBSC.INTO.CELL.HO.DET H3881A:Incoming External Inter-Cell GBFD-1155

3
ECT.SPEECH.VER.3.TCHF
Handover Detection Messages
01
Received by BSC (AMR) (TCHF)
127808048 CELL.BSCTOBSC.INTO.CELL.HO.DET H3882A:Incoming External Inter-Cell GBFD-1155
4
ECT.SPEECH.VER.3.TCHH
Handover Detection Messages
02
Received by BSC (AMR) (TCHH)
127809541 CELL.CALL.DROP.AMRFR.CAll.FAIL
7
M0121A:Full Rate AMR Service

Channel Call Drop Times
GBFD-1155
01
127809541 CELL.CALL.DROP.AMRHR.CAll.FAIL
8
M0121B:Half Rate AMR Service

Channel Call Drop Times
GBFD-1155
02
127809542 CELL.CALL.SPEECH.VER.3.REQ.TCH A0401C:Supports Call Times of Full

1
F
Rate Speech Version 3
GBFD-1105
01
GBFD-1155
01
127809542 CELL.CALL.SPEECH.VER.3.REQ.TCH A0402C:Supports Call Times of Half GBFD-1155

4
H
Rate Speech Version 3
02
127809543 CELL.CALL.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHF.AM A0409I:Full Rate AMR TCH
3
R
Successful Call Occupancy Times
(Service Channel)
GBFD-1155
01
127809543 CELL.CALL.HO.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHF A0409J:Full Rate AMR TCH

4
.AMR
Successful Handover Occupancy
Times (Service Channel)
GBFD-1155
01
127809543 CELL.CALL.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHH.AM A0409L:Half Rate AMR TCH

6
R
Successful Call Occupancy Times
(Service Channel)
GBFD-1155
02
127809543 CELL.CALL.HO.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHH A0409M:Half Rate AMR TCH

7
.AMR
Successful Handover Occupancy
Times (Service Channel)
GBFD-1155
02

9-1
GSM BSS
AMR
Counter
ID
9 Counters
Counter Name
Counter Description
Feature ID
127809543 CELL.CALL.DROP.CALL.RATE.TCHF. A0409N:Full Rate AMR Call Drop

8
AMR
Rate
GBFD-1155
01
127809543 CELL.CALL.DROP.CALL.RATE.TCHH. A0409P:Half Rate AMR Call Drop

9
AMR
Rate
GBFD-1155
02
127827144 CELL.AMR.MS.PWR.LEV.AVE
9
AS3240A:Average MS Power Level of GBFD-1155

AMR Call
03
GBFD-1155
02
GBFD-1155
01
127827145 CELL.AMR.BTS.PWR.LEV.AVE
0
AS3241A:Average BTS Power Level GBFD-1155

of AMR Call
03
GBFD-1155
02
GBFD-1155
01
127847347 CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHF.AMR.T AR3551C:Traffic Volume on AMR

6
RAF.AVE
TCHFs
GBFD-1155
01
127847347 CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHH.AMR.T AR3552C:Traffic Volume on AMR

7
RAF.AVE
TCHHs
GBFD-1155
02
128242381 CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHF.AMR.T AR3559C:Traffic Volume on AMR

9
RAF.OVERLAY.AVE
TCHFs (Overlaid Subcell)
GBFD-1155
01
GBFD-1132
01
128242382 CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHH.AMR.T AR3560C:Traffic Volume on AMR

2
RAF.OVERLAY.AVE
TCHHs (Overlaid Subcell)
GBFD-1155
02
GBFD-1132
01

9-2
GSM BSS
AMR
10 Glossary
10 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.

10-1
GSM BSS
AMR
11 Reference Documents
11 Reference Documents
[1] GSM 05.03: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Channel coding"
[2] GSM 05.09: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Link Adaptation"
[3] GSM 04.08: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Mobile radio interface layer 3
specification"
[4] GSM 06.90: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
speech transcoding "
[5] GSM 06.91: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Substitution and muting of lost
frames for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) speech traffic channels "
[6] GSM 06.92: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Comfort noise aspects for
Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) speech traffic channels "
[7] GSM 06.93: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Discontinuous transmission
(DTX) for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) speech traffic channels "
[8] GSM 06.94: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Voice Activity Detection (VAD)
for Adaptive Multi-Rate speech traffic channels "
[9] GSM 08.08: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Mobile-services Switching
Centre - Base Station System (MSC - BSS) interface; Layer 3 specification "
[10] GSM 08.58: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Base Station Controller - Base
Transceiver Station (BSC - BTS) interface; Layer 3 specification "
[11] GSM 08.60: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); In-band control of remote
transcoders and rate adaptors for full rate traffic channels "
[12] GSM 08.61: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); In-band control of remote
transcoders and rate adaptors for half rate traffic channels "
[13] BSC6900 Feature List
[14] BSC6900 Optional Feature Description
[15] BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference
[16] BSC6900 GSM MML Command Reference
[17] BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference
[18] Power Control Feature Parameter Description
[19] Discontinuous Transmission and Discontinuous Reception Feature Parameter Description
[20] TFO Feature Parameter Description
[21] Handover Feature Parameter Description

11-1

Feature Parameter Description: AMR GBSS14.0

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Feature Parameter Description: AMR GBSS14.0

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

AMR

Feature Parameter Description

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Huawei Industrial Base

4 Related Features .......................................................................................................................4-1

6 Engineering Guidelines ...........................................................................................................6-1

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

6.1 When to Use AMR ......................................................................................................................... 6-1

7 Performance Optimization .....................................................................................................7-1

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

1 About This Document

1 About This Document

1.2 Intended Audience

Personnel who need to understand the AMR feature

Personnel who work with Huawei GSM products

1.3 Change History

Added the following chapters:

Chapter 4 Related Features

Chapter 5 Impact on the Network

Chapter 6 Engineering Guidelines

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)

1 About This Document

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment

THR_N: AMR Coding Rate adj.thN (1N3)

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)

HYST_N: AMR Coding Rate adj.hystN (1N3)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

CODEC_MODE_3: indicates the coding scheme whose

CODEC_MODE_4: indicates the coding scheme whose bit

Select the initial AMR

Enable AMR rate

MS must use the AMR coding

Filter value >

MS must use the AMR coding

Adjust the coding

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)

HYST_N: AMR UL Coding Rate adj.hystN (1 N 3)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

3. If the RATECTRLSW parameter is set to ALG1(Algorithm I) or ALG2(Algorithm II), the AMR

The currently used coding scheme is CODEC_MODE_1.

other cases, the coding scheme remains unchanged.

The currently used coding scheme is CODEC_MODE_2.

other cases, the coding scheme remains unchanged.

The currently used coding scheme is CODEC_MODE_3.

other cases, the coding scheme remains unchanged.

The currently used coding scheme is CODEC_MODE_4.

other cases, the coding scheme remains unchanged.

3.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment

Issue Draft A (2012-04-28)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

3.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

3.5 AMR Power Control