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classHelloJava{
publicstaticvoidmain(String[]arguments){
System.out.println("Hello, Java");
}
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publicstaticvoidmain(String[]arguments){
System.out.println("Hello, Java");
}
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publicstaticvoidmain(String[]arguments){
System.out.println("Hello, Java");
}
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classHelloJava{publicstaticvoid
System.out.println("Hello, Java");}}

main(String[]arguments){

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HelloJava
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System.
out.println("Hello, Java");}
7

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byte centuries = 20;

short years = 2000;
int days = 730480;
long hours = 17531520;
System.out.println(centuries + " centuries is " + years +
" years, or " + days + " days, or " + hours + " hours.");
-
. byte, long.
.
20 centuries is 2000 years, or 730480 days, or 17531520 hours.

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14



:
float floatPI = 3.14f;
double doublePI = 3.14;

boolean. ,
true false. false.
- .

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, ,
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int a = 1;
int b = 2;
boolean greaterAB = (a > b);
boolean equalA1 = (a == 1);
if (greaterAB) {
System.out.println("A > B");
} else {
System.out.println("A <= B");
}
System.out.println("greaterAB = " + greaterAB);
System.out.println("equalA1 = " + equalA1);
:
A <= B
greaterAB = false
equalA1 = true
int,
greaterAB.
15

 equalA1. greaterAB true,

>B, B>A.

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char. .
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char, 'a', 'b' 'A'
:
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System.out.println(
"The code of '" + symbol + "' is: " + (int) symbol);
symbol = 'b';
System.out.println(
"The code of '" + symbol + "' is: " + (int) symbol);
symbol = 'A';
System.out.println(
"The code of '" + symbol + "' is: " + (int) symbol);
:

The code of 'a' is: 97

The code of 'b' is: 98
The code of 'A' is: 65
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16


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, :
String firstName = "Ivan";
String lastName = "Ivanov";
String fullName = firstName + " " + lastName;
System.out.println("Hello, " + firstName + "!");
System.out.println("Your full name is " +
fullName + ".");
:

Hello, Ivan!
Your full name is Ivan Ivanov.

, .
Object
.

,
, :
Object container = 5;
Object container2 = "Five";
System.out.println("The value of container is: " + container);
System.out.println("The value of container2 is: " + container2);
:
The value of container is: 5
The value of container2 is: Five.

17

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byte centuries = 20;
short years = 2000;
int days = 730480;
long hours = 17531520;
float floatPI = 3.141592653589793238f;
double doublePI = 3.141592653589793238;
boolean isEmpty = true;
char symbol = 'a';
String firstName = "Ivan";


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int firstValue = 5;
int secondValue;
19

int thirdValue;
secondValue = firstValue;
thirdValue = firstValue = 3;

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23

, /
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int z = 4 + 8;
System.out.println(z); // 12
String firstName = "Lachezar";
String lastName = "Bozhkov";
String fullName = firstName + " " + lastName;
System.out.println(fullName);

+
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24

 )
, .

:
int squarePerimeter = 17;
double squareSide = squarePerimeter / 4.0;
double squareArea = squareSide * squareSide;
System.out.println(squareSide); // 4.25
System.out.println(squareArea); // 18.0625
int a = 5;
int b = 4;
System.out.println(a + b);
System.out.println(a + b++);
System.out.println(a + b);

// 9
// 9
// 10

System.out.println(a + (++b)); // 11
System.out.println(a + b);

// 11

System.out.println(14 / a);

// 2

System.out.println(14 % a);

// 4

(true
false). (&&), (||),
(^) (!).
Java ,
:
x

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x && y

x || y

25

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false

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boolean a = true;
boolean b = false;
System.out.println(a && b);

// false

System.out.println(a || b);

// true

System.out.println(!b);

// true

System.out.println(b || true);

// true

System.out.println((5>7) ^ (a==b)); // false

+ (String). ,

26

 . String,
, String,
String.

, :
String first = "Star";
String second = "Craft";
System.out.println(first + second); // StarCraft
String output = first + second + " ";
int number = 2;
System.out.println(output + number);
// StarCraft 2
String
.
println(), .
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output.
output 2 ( number)
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StringBuffer ( )
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:
short a = 3;

// 0000 0011 = 3

short b = 5;

// 0000 0101 = 5

System.out.println( a | b); // 0000 0111 = 7

System.out.println( a & b); // 0000 0001 = 1
System.out.println( a ^ b); // 0000 0110 = 6

28

System.out.println(~a & b); // 0000 0100 = 4

System.out.println(a << 1); // 0000 0110 = 6
System.out.println(a << 2); // 0000 1100 = 12
System.out.println(a >> 1); // 0000 0001 = 1
a
b. ,
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b, 1 . ".
1 - , 1 -
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.

Java
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- - (>)
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- - (<=)
- (==)
- (!=)
( ),
(true false).

29

 - , -
.

,
Java:
publicclass RelationalOperatorsDemo {
publicstaticvoid main(String args[]) {
int x = 10, y = 5;
System.out.println("x > y : " + (x > y)); // true
System.out.println("x < y : " + (x < y)); // false
System.out.println("x >= y : " + (x >= y)); // true
System.out.println("x <= y : " + (x <= y)); // false
System.out.println("x == y : " + (x == y)); // false
System.out.println("x != y : " + (x != y)); // true
}
}
, x y
10 5. ,
println() System.out,
x y >. true, x
- y. 5
5
x y.

"=" ( ).
, :

30

1 = 2;

, :
int x = 6;
String helloString = " .";
int y = x;
6 x.
helloString,
x y.
Java "=", "==".
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1 ? 2 : 3
1 true, 2.
1 false, 3.

31

 .
true, ()
. , false,
() .

"?:":
int a = 6;
int b = 4;
System.out.println(a > b ? "a>b" : "b<=a"); // a>b

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.
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.
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.
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.
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.

32


.
, ,
(, ,
). :
int r = (150-20) / 2 + 5;
double surface = Math.PI * r * r;
double perimeter = 2 * Math.PI * r;
System.out.println(r);
System.out.println(surface);
System.out.println(perimeter);
.
. ,
.
:
70
15393.804002589986
439.822971502571
,
,
(increment, decrement) .
:
int a = 5;
int b = ++a;
System.out.println(a); // 6
System.out.println(b); // 6

33

:
1. ,
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2. ,
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3. , 7
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34

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Start -> (All) Programs -> Accessories -> Command Prompt
, ,
:

,
,
.

35


"Command Prompt" "shell" "
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"shell" () ""
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( cmd.exe).
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( Windows Explorer).
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Windows . .
Windows (cmd.exe),
. dir,
:

36


,
.
Windows
() "Command Prompt" "MSDOS Prompt" ( - Windows).
:

dir

cd <directory name>
mkdir

<directory

name>
rmdir <directory name>

37

type <file name>

copy

<src

file><destination file>

Windows. :

-
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,
.

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- Java ,
.

38



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" " " ".

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.
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( Java System.in),
( Java System.out)
( Java
System.err).
-.
,
Java.

print() println()
,
(, ):
:
System.out.println("Hello, this is Java");
System.out.println(5);
System.out.println(3.14159265358979);

39

, System.out.println
,
println() PrintStream (
PrintStream API- Java).
print() println(), print()
, ,
. println() "print line",
" ". , print(),
.
, "" ,
.
, print println:
System.out.println("I love");
System.out.print("this ");
System.out.print("Book!");
:
I love
this Book!
, ,
. , println(),
"I love" .
40

 print, ,
"this" "Book!" .

printf()

printf(). "Print Formatted".
"C",
( BCPL).
printf()
Java. printf()
,
, "
". printf()
Java:
printf(<formatted string>, <param1>, <param2>, <param3>, )
printf()
,
:
String str = "Hello, Java!";
System.out.print(str);
System.out.printf("%s", str);
:

41

 , "Hello, Java!" . ,
.
,
. printf().
printf() . %s ,
str, %s. printf() System.out, .
. PrintStream.
:
String name = "Boris";
int age = 18;
String town = "Plovdiv";
System.out.printf(
"%s is %d years old from %s!\n", name, age, town);
:

printf() ,
. , ,
, (%s %d). %s
, ,
name. %d, ,
. %s,
(town). \n,
, .

42


, -
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System.in
, System - in.
InputStream. ()
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System.in.read() ,
, . Java
,
.

STDIN

Java ,
,
JVM

STDOUT

System.in.read()
System.in.read()

System.out.println()
System.out.println()

STDERR

43


(STDIN) (STDOUT, STDERR) Java. STDERR
. :
System.err.println("This is error!");

.


.
PrintingLetter.java
publicclass PrintingLetter {

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.printf("Enter person name: ");

String person = input.nextLine();

System.out.printf("Enter book name: ");

String book = input.nextLine();

String from = "Authors Team";

System.out.printf(" Dear %s,%n", person);

System.out.printf("We are pleased to inform " +

44

"you that \"%2$s\" is the best Bulgarian book. \n" +

"The authors of the book wishes you good luck
%s!%n",
person, book);

System.out.println(" Yours,");
System.out.printf(" %s", from);
}
}
:

. ""

,

.
.

1. , int
.
2. , "r"
.
45

3. , , , ,
. , .
,
.
4. , (integer)
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5 0.

7. .

if if-else
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if
if , :
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46


}
: if-, .
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. ,
.
.
true false.
true,
. ,
false, .
if
if:
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter two numbers.");
int firstNumber = input.nextInt();
int secondNumber = input.nextInt();
int biggerNumber = firstNumber;
if (secondNumber > firstNumber) {
biggerNumber = secondNumber;
}
System.out.printf("The bigger number is: %d%n", biggerNumber);
}

47

 if
if-,
, ,
-. , ,
. -.
int a = 6;
if (a > 5)
System.out.println(" - 5.");
System.out.println(" !");
,
if,
.
{} if !
if-else
if-else , :
if ( ) {

} else {
else-
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48

 , .
true, , else .
, false, else,
.
if-else
:
x = 3;
if (x > 3) {
System.out.println("x - 3");
} else {
System.out.println("x - 3");
}
: x>3,
: "x - 3", (else) : "x 3". , x=3,
else-. :
x - 3
if

if-, .
if if-else .
if if-else if else
. else -
if . else if
.
49

 ,
.

,
.
if
if :
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println(
"Please enter two numbers (on separate lines).");
int first = input.nextInt();
int second = input.nextInt();
if (first == second) {
System.out.println("These two numbers are equal.");
} else {
if (first > second) {
System.out.println("The first number is greater.");
} else {
System.out.println("The second number is greater.");
}
}
:
, ,
-. :
Please enter two numbers (on separate lines).
2

50

4
The second number is greater.

switch-case
switch
.

switch-case ?
switch
( ).
:
switch ( ) {
case --1: ; break;
case --2: ; break;
case --3: ; break;
case --4: ; break;
default: ;}
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switch.
switch , break . ,
51

 case ,
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break,
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switch
switch
(,
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byte, char enum. , ,
, switch .
if
.

,
.
:
int number = 6;

52

switch (number) {
case 1:
case 4:
case 6:
case 8:
case 10: System.out.println(" !"); break;
case 2:
case 3:
case 5:
case 7: System.out.println(" !"); break;
default: System.out.println(" !");
}

case break ,
6,
case
. ,
case ,
break.
:

1. if-,
,
- .

53

2. , (+ -)
, .
3. , - ,
.
4. , -
5 .
5. . ,
, 0. :
- {-2, -1, 1}, -1 1 0.
- {3, 1, -7}, 0.
6. ,
[1..9] :
- 1 3, 10.
- 4 6, 100.
- 7 9, 1000.
- 0 9, .

8. .

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. (loop) ,
.
, :
54

- ;
- .
, , (infinite).
while
- while.
while (condition) {
statements;
}
Condition , true fasle.
loop condition.
Statements , .
.
while ,
true, ,
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:

Expression

false

true
Statement(s)

while
While .

55

 while ,
0 9
:
int counter = 0;
while (counter < 10) {
System.out.printf("Number : %d%n", counter);
counter++;
}
:

,
.

1 N
while
1 N. N .
num sum 1. num ,
.
1, ,
,
56

 1 N. Sum .
num.
num ( 1 N) "+"
.
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("n = ");
int n = input.nextInt();
int num = 1;
int sum = 1;
System.out.print("The sum 1");
while (num < n) {
num++;
sum += num;
System.out.printf("+%d", num);
}
System.out.printf(" = %d%n", sum);
:

break
break .
break,
,
, break .

57



while break.
.
n, ,
- n. n! :
- n! = 1*2*3.......(n-1)*n, n>1;
- 1! = 1;
- 0! = 1.
N! , - n:
- n! = (n-1)!n, 1! = 1.
, n.
factorial 1, n . While ,
, .
true. break, , n
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58

n--;
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n! = 3628800

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60

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64

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66

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67

if ((a + b) == (c + d)) {
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74

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77

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79


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80

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86

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sum += 0.1d;
bdSum = bdSum.add(bdValue);
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}
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95

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99

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100

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105

numberParam

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modifyArr(arrArg);

107

System.out.print("After modifyArr() the argument is: ");

System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arrArg));
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109


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DataValidation.java
import java.util.Scanner;

publicclass DataValidation {

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("What time is it?");

System.out.print("Hours: ");
int hours = input.nextInt();

System.out.print("Minutes: ");
int minutes = input.nextInt();

boolean isValidTime =
validateHours(hours) &&validateMinutes(minutes);
if (isValidTime) {
System.out.printf(
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minutes);
} else {
System.out.println("Incorrect time!");

113

hours,

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}

publicstaticboolean validateHours(int hours) {

boolean result = (hours >= 0) && (hours < 24);
return result;
}

publicstaticboolean validateMinutes(int minutes) {

boolean result = (minutes >= 0) && (minutes <= 59);
return result;
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114

boolean result = (minutes >= 0) && (minutes <= 59);

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115

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What time is it?
Hours: 17
Minutes: 33
The time is 17:33 now.
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What time is it?
Hours: 33
Minutes: -2
Incorrect time!

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116

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118

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119