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Heals the rmoUable. ton mova whith Gung He gainkr wie how Ur zane pion srr a cla Beale) or fovding fe Salling tae Ty The (sini wil Gua vat ok 4 position Ohba Ty Canal he Gobilng tiepee Te Ty dun, HE (2 pati ott TE (HARE Staph H) sine he thine 6 sping Coukeled, Te XB Ne Sead Position o, caf TT BI™ prdc » OXI, hae the tea @ ral UnigenPTER-3 sum EASUREMENT OF RESISTANCE QByueasunemenr OF EARTH RESISTANCE USING MEGGER viandie™ 8 D.C. Generator 1 Current Reyerser i 3 4 Potential coud dorent ff j i Coil —~ — ' ink ia ' A ) NC PY ' Py G2 t H f ! i ' E 8 A 4 SRR _ RRR - 5 23m =| x stm — -——| E = Earth elecn A, B = Auxniary electrodes C02 = 6 nt terminals P), Pz = Potential terminals FIG 3.3 : Earth Resistance Measurement by Earth Tester The earth resistance can be measured by a special type of Megger known as “earth tester” which sends a.c. through earth and d.c. through the measuring instrument. The construction is same as that of Megger, >ut it has additionally (i) a rotating current reverser and (ii) a rectifier. Both are mounted on the same shatt of the hand driven generator and have simple commutators made up of L’ shaped segments. Each commuiator has four fixed brushes One pair of each set of brushes is so positioned that they mak« contact alternatively with one segment and then with the other as the commutator3.5 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Mt rotates. The second pair of each of set of brushes is positioned on the commutator so that continuous contact is made with one segment whatever the position of the commutator. The current reverser converts d.c. into ac. The use of ac. passing through the soil eliminates unwanted effects due to production of back e.m.f. in the soil on account of electrolytic action, The re-tifier converts a.c. to d.c. because dic. is required for the operation of moving system. The Ohm- meter has current coil and pressure coil mounted at right angle to each other. The current coil carries current which flows through the earth circuit. The current in the pressure coil is proportional to the voltage. The earth tester has four terminals Cy, Cz and P, Pz. Two terminals P; and Cy are shorted to form a common point, which is connected to the earth electrode ‘E’ under test as shown in Fig. 3.3. The other two terminals Cz and Pz are connected t> auxiliary electrodes A and B respectively. The auxiliary electrodes are suitably installed in the earth at a particular distance (B at 25m and A at 50m) from the earth electrode under test and are driven at a depth of 1m into ground. Wen the handle of d.c. generator is turned at uniform speed, the value of the earth resistance is indicated by the instrument directly. 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